Grammar

TheNounClauses名詞性從句

在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當(dāng)于名詞詞組,它在復(fù)合句中能擔(dān)任主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語(yǔ)法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語(yǔ)從句(SubjectClause)、賓語(yǔ)從句(ObjectClause)、表語(yǔ)從句(PredicativeClause)和同位語(yǔ)從句(AppositiveClauseWhowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句

1.____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.A.WhatB.WhoC.ThatD.Whether2.____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter練一練！3.___leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.Anyone

B.ThepersonC.Whoever

D.Who4.___thesportsmeetwillbehelddependsontheweather.A.WheneverB.IfC.WhetherD.That5.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It6.Whenandwhyhecamehere________yet.A.isnotknown

B.arenotknownC.hasnotknownD.havenotbee7.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,________ourastronautsdesiretodoistowalkinspace.

A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how8.ItworriedMaryalot_____shewouldpassthecollegeentranceexamination.

A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.how

Heasked____foraviolin．（MET1992）A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid2．Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_____heorshewants.(NMET1997)A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever3.LittleTommywasreluctanttotelltheschoolmaster____hehaddonethedaybefore.

A.thatB.howC.whatD.where6.Idon'tdoubt________he'llcome.A.that

B.if

C.what

D.whether7.Doesanybodyknow__wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that8.Itdependson____wewillbereadyintime.A.whetherB.that C.ifD.whenWhatthedoctorsreallydoubtis_____mymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon．（上海2001年春季招生）

A.whenB.howC.whetherD.why----IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.

----Isthat______youhadafewdaysoff?(NMET1999)

A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where3.____shecouldn’tunderstandwas_____fewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.

A.What;whyB.That;whyC.What;becauseD.Why;that

同位語(yǔ)從句1.概念:

在復(fù)合句中作名詞的同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。

2.功能:

同位語(yǔ)從句對(duì)名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容。3.用法:

常跟的抽象名詞有:fact/idea/reason/thought/order/doubt/news/hope/truth/belief…4.連詞

that/whether/who/which/what/when/where/why/how同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別:1.從詞類上區(qū)別

同位語(yǔ)從句前面的名詞只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibility,promise,order等有一定內(nèi)涵的名詞，而定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是名詞,代詞,主句的一部分或是整個(gè)主句。

Hetoldmethenews

thathewouldcomehomefromaboardsoon.

Wordcamethathehadbeenabroad.

據(jù)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)出國(guó)了。

Ourteamhaswonthegame,whichmadeusveryhappy.

我們的隊(duì)贏了,這讓我們很高興。

(定語(yǔ)從句)

(同位語(yǔ)從句)2.從性質(zhì)上區(qū)別

定語(yǔ)從句是從句對(duì)其先行詞的修飾或限制,屬于形容詞性從句的范疇;而同位語(yǔ)從句是從句對(duì)前面抽象名詞的進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明和解釋,屬于名詞性從句的范疇，如:

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.

我們隊(duì)贏了那場(chǎng)比賽的消息是真的。

(同位語(yǔ)從句,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明news到底是一個(gè)什么消息)

Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.

昨天他告訴我的那個(gè)消息是真的。

(定語(yǔ)從句,news在從句中作told的賓語(yǔ))

3.從引導(dǎo)詞及其在句子中的成分上區(qū)別

有些引導(dǎo)詞如how,whether,what可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,但不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。如:Thatquestionwhetherweneedithasnotbeenconsidered.

我們是否需要它這個(gè)問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有考慮。

(同位語(yǔ)從句)

引導(dǎo)詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),在從句中一般作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)(指物時(shí)還可以用which代替),并且作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常常省略，that在同位語(yǔ)從句中僅起連接作用,不充當(dāng)任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which來(lái)代替，如:Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

我們應(yīng)派幾個(gè)人去幫別的幾個(gè)小組的命令昨天收到了。

(同位語(yǔ)從句,是對(duì)order的具體解釋,that雖不作成分,但不能省略)

Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.

我們昨天收到的命令是我們應(yīng)該派幾個(gè)人去幫助別的幾個(gè)小組。

(定語(yǔ)從句,是名詞order的修飾語(yǔ),that在從句中作received的賓語(yǔ),可以省略)1.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

2.Thefact____hewassuccessfulproveshisability.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whyAA練一練！3.Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when4.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.

A.whichB.thatC./D.itBB5.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.

A.whenB.thatC.whatD./

6.I'vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage____themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.whichBA7.Thethought____hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.

A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that

8.Theorder____theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.

A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.whatDC9.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.

A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.whichA10.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when11.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.thatAB11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherB13.Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithout____wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which14.Doyouha