2022屆高三英語復(fù)習(xí)之情態(tài)動(dòng)詞與虛擬語氣定稿【預(yù)備思考】1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法及在一般疑問句中的問與答;2.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表猜測的用法;3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加完成式的用法;4.will與shall的用法;must,should,can5.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞usedto/haveto的用法以及與反意疑問句的結(jié)合;和need的用法I.can/could與beabletoA.can/could只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)兩種形式;beableto卻有各種時(shí)態(tài)形式①Shecandancenow,butshecouldn’ttwoweeksago.②ShewasabletospeakEnglishatschoolandnowsheisabletospeakJapaneseaswell.③SheisstudyingathirdforeignlanguageandshewillbeabletospeakGermansoon.④Noonehaseverbeenabletodoit.從來沒有人能夠做這種事。⑤Acomputer________thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.(1991)A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot⑥---Willyoustayforlunch?---Sorry,Ibrotheriscomingtoseeme.(1999)mustn’tcan’tneedn’twait⑦Youdon’thavetoknowthenameoftheauthortofindabook.You____findthebookbythetitle.（08湖南）A.mustB.needC.canD.wouldeq\o\ac(○,8)Aleftluggageofficeisaplacewherebags________beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.A．shouldB．can C．must D．will[03北京]eq\o\ac(○,9)----What'sthename?----Khulaifi._______Ispellthatforyou(06北京)A.ShallB.WouldC.CanD.Mighteq\o\ac(○,10)Youknowheisnotgoingtoletusleaveearlyifwe_____gettheworkdone.(06上海春A)A.can'tB.maynotC.shouldn'tD.mustn'teq\o\ac(○,11)Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible_______joinusforthepicnictomorrow.(06全國2)A.needB.mustC.shouldD.caneq\o\ac(○,12)Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which_______justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.[2022湖南卷]A.shan’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t[Key:5—12ABCBCADB]B.can/could只表示具有做某事的能力,但究竟做沒做,不知道;即：抽象地談?wù)撃橙说哪芰Αeableto表示設(shè)法做成了某事,包含managetodosth.或succeedindoingsth.的意思.是具體地表達(dá)某人做某事件（尤其是做過某事）的能力。①Althoughthedriverwasbadlyhurt,hecouldⅹ/wasabletoexplainwhathadhappened.②Hecouldⅹ/wasableto√/managedto√walk50milesadaylastweek.(用could錯(cuò).這里表具體做某事的能力)③Hewasaterrificliar;hewasabletoⅹ/could√makeanybodybelievehim.他是個(gè)撒謊大王,能讓任何人相信他。（他已經(jīng)具有那種能力去騙人，沒有具體談到他如何去騙人的過程，所以用beableto不對(duì)）④Hetalkedforalongtime,andintheendhewasableto/couldⅹmakemebelievehim.⑤Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquickly,buteveryone___getout.A.couldB.wasabletoC.wouldD.couldbeableto⑥Italkedforalongtime,andintheendI___makeherbelieveme.A.wasabletoB.couldC.canD.should[Key:5—6BA]C.在口語中can可以代替may表示許可，而may較正式。①M(fèi)ay/CanIcomein?②May/Canwesithere?Dcould可以代替can用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，表示語氣較為委婉，常用于第二人稱的疑問句.肯定回答是用can.①---Can/CouldIgonow?---Yes,youcan[couldⅹ]./No,youcan’t.②---CouldIborrowyourdictionary?---Yes,ofcourseyou___.A.couldB.canC.shouldD.will[Key:B]E.表示可能性或猜測（只用于疑問句和否定句中）①Canitraintoday?今天有可能下雨嗎？②Ithoughtthestoryshetoldcouldnotbetrue.我想他講的故事不可能是真的。③--Isn’tthatAnn’shusbandoverthere?---No,it______behim---I’msurehedoesn’twearglasses.(04全國Ⅰ)A.can’tB.mustnotC.won’tD.maynot④You______behungryalready—youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!（2022浙江）A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t⑤There'snolighton——they______beathome.(06全國I)A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.shouldn't⑥Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe_______sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty(06福建)A.couldn'tB.shouldn'tC.can'tD.mightnot⑦--IsJackondutytoday---It________behim.It'shisturntomorrow.(06四川)A.mustn'tB.won'tC.can'tD.needn'teq\o\ac(○,8)---Isn'tthatAnn'shusbandoverthere.---No,it______behim—I'msurehedoesn'twearglasses.(04全國I)A.can'tBmustnotCwon'tD.maynoteq\o\ac(○,9)You_______betired—you'veonlybeenworkingforanhour.(2022全國II)A.mustnotB.won'tC.can'tD.maynoteq\o\ac(○,10)---Mum,I'vebeenstudyingEnglishsince8o'clock.________IgooutandplaywithTomforawhile---No,I'mafraidnot.Besides,it'srainingoutsidenow.(2022遼寧)A.Can'tB.Wouldn'tC.MaynotD.Won't[Key;3—10ABACCACA]有時(shí)也可用于肯定句，但表示一時(shí)的可能性：“有時(shí)候會(huì)”。①Peter______bereallydifficultattimeseventhoughhe'sanicepersoningeneral.（2022遼寧）A.shall B.should C.can D.must②TheWorldWideWebissometimesjokinglycalledtheWorldWideWaitbecauseit__beveryslow.[05浙江] A．shouldB．mustC．willD．can③You_______beright,butIdon’tthinkyouare.A.can

B.could

C.must

D.should④ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit_______berathercoldsometimes.(2022福建).A.mustB.canC.shouldD.wouldKey:CDBBF.表示驚異或困惑。①.Whatonearthcanthismean?這到底是怎么回事？②Whatcanwedoaboutit?我們還會(huì)有什么辦法呢？③How___yousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlypartofthearticle?A．can B．mustC．needD．may[03上海]④Mr.Bushisontimeforeverything.How______itbethathewaslatefortheopeningceremony？(2022上海春)A.canB.shouldC.mayD.mustKey:AA※【關(guān)于cannot/cannever...too...】Cannot/cannever...too...（固定結(jié)構(gòu)）表示“無論怎么……也不算過分”、“越……越好”、“要格外……”、“應(yīng)該特別……”等意思。表示此意的結(jié)構(gòu)有下列幾種：1.cannot+動(dòng)詞+too+形容詞或副詞，例如：①Wecannotbetoocarefulindoingexperiments.我們做實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)越仔細(xì)越好。②Icannotthankyoutoomuch.我無論怎么感謝你也不過分。③Drinkingwatercanneverbetooclean飲用水越干凈越好。④Awifecannevercomplaintoomuch.妻子怎么羅嗦也不為過。⑤Wecannotrecommendthisbooktoostrongly.這本書很好,無論我們?nèi)绾瓮扑]也不過分.⑥Youcan'tbetoocarefulindongthisexperiment.在做這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí),你們愈仔細(xì)愈好.⑦Onecannotbetoocarefulinmatterslikethat.人們?cè)谔幚磉@種事情時(shí)必須非常慎重.2.cannot+over--動(dòng)詞/cannot+be+over--形容詞，例如：①Wecannotoveremphasizetheimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.…再怎么強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)外語的重要性也不過分。②Wecannotbeovervigilant.我們應(yīng)該特別警惕。3.cannot+動(dòng)詞+toomuch（muchenough）:例如：①Wecannotpraisehimtoomuch.我們無論怎樣表揚(yáng)他也不算過分。②Heisveryreliable.Youcan'ttrusthimtoomuch（muchenough）.他很可靠，他是你最值得信賴的人。③Icanneverthankyoutoomuch：感激不盡。4.cannot+動(dòng)詞+形容詞或副詞+enough在“cannot…too…”結(jié)構(gòu)中的too可換成enough,sufficient或sufficiently;not也可換成never,hardly，scarcely等否定詞。例如：①Youcanneverbestrongenough.強(qiáng)壯的身體有百利而無一害。②Drinkingwatercanneverbepureenough.飲用水越純?cè)胶谩＂跧couldn'tgethomefastenough.我恨不得馬上回到家里.④Youcannottakesufficientcare.你要特別小心.5.cannot+動(dòng)詞+toomany+可數(shù)名詞/toomuch+不可數(shù)名詞，例如：①Ithinkitrightthatonecannotlearntoomuchknowledge.我認(rèn)為一個(gè)人的知識(shí)愈多愈好。②Itiswrongtothinkthatonecannotbeartoomanychildren.認(rèn)為一個(gè)人孩子生得愈多愈好是錯(cuò)誤的。③Amancanneverhavetoomanyties.再多的領(lǐng)帶對(duì)一個(gè)男人來說也不為過。④Awomancan'thavetoomanyhats.女人有多少帽子也不嫌多。⑤Nomancanhavetoomanyfriends.朋友愈多愈好.6.Itisimpossible（difficult）to…too…=cannot…too…，例如：It’simpossibletoemphasizethispointtoomuch.=Onecannotemphasizethispointtoomuch.要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn)?！九ccannot…too…相似的結(jié)構(gòu)】：1.cannothelp+doing：該結(jié)構(gòu)意為“禁不住做……”、“忍不住干……”，指“身不由己地去做某事”。例如：①WecouldnothelpthinkingwhenwesawtheGreatWallinChina.看到中國的長城，我們不禁浮想聯(lián)翩。②Icouldn'thelpcryingwhenIheardthebadnews.聽到那不幸的消息，我忍不住大哭起來。“cannothelpbutdosth.”也表示“不得不、忍不住……”。例如：①Wecouldnothelpbutwalkfromdawntodusk.我們不得不從黎明走到黃昏。②Hearingtheinspiringnews，wecouldn'thelpbutcheer.聽到這個(gè)鼓舞人心的消息，我們不禁歡呼起來。2.cannotbutdosth：該結(jié)構(gòu)表示“不得不……”。例如：①Icannotbutadmirehiscourage.我不得不欽佩他的勇氣。②Icouldn'tbutlaughonreadingsuchafunnyjoke.讀到如此滑稽的笑話，我忍不住笑了。在上面句式里，可以說cannot后面省略了doanything.例如：Theprisonercouldnot（doanything）buthandinhisknife.那個(gè)犯人不得不交出刀子。canbutdosth.表示“只得做某事”。例如：Theboymadeanapologytohisteacher，sotheteachercouldbutgiveuptheideaofpunishinghim.那男孩向老師道了歉，老師只得打消懲罰他的念頭。類似這一結(jié)構(gòu)的cannotchoosebuttosth也表示“不得不……”、“只得……”。例如：Itrainedhard，sotheycouldn'tchoosebutstayathome.雨下得很大，他們只得呆在家里【高考典題】---Iwasridingalongthestreetandallofasudden，acarcutinandknockedmedown.---Youcanneverbe________carefulinthestreet.(2022北京春）A.muchB.veryC.soD.tooII.may與might的用法區(qū)別一、表示允許注意以下兩種情況。如：1.表示請(qǐng)求允許(即請(qǐng)求別人允許自己做某事)，兩者都可用，只是might表示的語氣較委婉(但并不表示過去)。如：①M(fèi)ay/MightIsithere?我可以坐在這里嗎?②IwonderifImightaskyouafavor?不知能否請(qǐng)你幫個(gè)忙?③I’dliketoaskaquestionifImay.如果可以的話，我想提個(gè)問題。④----___Istophere,sir?----No.Goontothenextparagraph,please.Key:BA.WillB.MayC.WouldD.Ought2.表示給予允許(即自己允許別人做某事)，通常要用may而不用might。如：①Youmaycomeinnow.你現(xiàn)在可以進(jìn)來了。②Youmaynottellhimthis.你不可以告訴他這件事。體會(huì)以下對(duì)話的問句與答句。如：---May/MightIstay?我可以留下嗎?(表請(qǐng)求，可用兩者)---Yes,youmay.可以。(表允許，不能用might)[注]：在通常情況下，may表示允許(請(qǐng)求允許或給予允許)時(shí)，總是針對(duì)“現(xiàn)在”或“將來”而言，若要表示已經(jīng)給予或已經(jīng)存在的允許，則通常不用may，而用can。如：①Nowadays,childrencandowhattheylike.現(xiàn)在小孩子喜歡干什么就可以干什么②It’sunfair.HecanstayandIhavetoleave.這不公平，他可以留下，而我卻得離開。[例外情況]:might用于間接引語和may用于否定句表示禁止。如：①HesaidthatImightborrowhiscar.他說我可以用他的車。②Visitorsmaynot(=mustnot)feedtheanimals.參觀者不得給動(dòng)物喂食。二、表示推測:兩者都可用，只是might比may語氣更不確定，表示的可能性更小。1.在句型使用方面：兩者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑問句時(shí)，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑問句的句中(如特殊疑問句等)，而might盡管可以用于疑問句的句首，但不算普通，通常會(huì)改用其他句式(如用could等)：①Hemay/mightknowtheanswer.他可能知道答案。②Doyouthinkhemay[might]notbeabletopay?你認(rèn)為他可能會(huì)付不起錢嗎？③Might/CouldIaskaquestion?我能問一個(gè)問題嗎?④Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers_______notlikethedesignofthefurniture.(2022上海春)A.mustB.shallC.mayD.need⑤----Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummer---Sorry,Iamnotsure.Butit___________be.(2022湖北)A.mightB.willC.mustD.can⑥Althoughthis___soundlikeasimpletask,greatcareisneeded.（2022四川）A.must B.may C.shall D.should⑦---IsJohncomingbytrain.----Heshould,buthe________not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(2022)A.mustB.canC.needD.mayKey:4—7CABD2.在用法方面注意以下幾點(diǎn)。如：①后接動(dòng)詞原形，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼耐茰y。如：Youmay/mightberight.你可能是對(duì)的。Hemay/mighttellhiswifetomorrow.明天他也許會(huì)告訴他妻子。②后接動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行式，表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行或?qū)⒁l(fā)生。如：Hemay/mightbewritingaletter.他可能在寫信。Theymay/mightbegoingabroadnextmonth.他們可能在下個(gè)月出國。③后接動(dòng)詞完成式，表示對(duì)過去可能發(fā)生的事進(jìn)行推測。如：Shemay/mighthavereaditinthepapers.她可能在報(bào)上已讀到過此事。Hemay/mighthavegonetohavehishaircut.他可能理發(fā)去了?！咀⒁狻浚簃ight后接動(dòng)詞的完成式，即mighthavedone，除表示對(duì)過去的推測外，還有以下用法(不用may)。如：①表示過去某事可能發(fā)生而實(shí)際上卻并沒發(fā)生：Alotofmendiedwhomighthavebeensaved．很多人本來可以獲救的卻死了。Itwasreallyverydangerous.Imighthavekilledmyself.那真的是太危險(xiǎn)了，我差點(diǎn)沒命了。②表示委婉的批評(píng)或責(zé)備。如：a.Youmighthavemadegreaterprogress.你的進(jìn)步本來可更大一些的。b.Youmightatleasthaveansweredmyletter.你至少可以回我一封信嘛。三、如何加強(qiáng)推測的語氣【maywell和mayaswell】若要加強(qiáng)推測的語氣，表示較大的可能性，可在may,might后加副詞well：maywell+動(dòng)詞原形：意思是“完全能，很可能”，相當(dāng)于tobelikelyto.①Hemaywellbeproudofhisdaughter.他大可為他女兒感到驕傲自豪。②Herappearancehaschangedsomuchthatyoumaywellnotrecognizedher.她模樣變化太大，你很可能認(rèn)不出她來了。③Youmaywellberight.你很可能是對(duì)的。④Thatmaywellhavebeentheirintention．這很可能是他們的意圖。④Liza______wellnotwanttogoonthetrip---shehatestraveling.（2022全國IID）A.will B.can C.must D.may【may/might(just)aswell+V.】“最好，倒不如，不妨,還是…為好”。用might比用may語氣更委婉。如：①I’mready，soImightaswellgonow．我已準(zhǔn)備好，因此不妨現(xiàn)在就走。②There’snothingtodo,soImay/mightaswellgotobed.既然沒什么事可做，我還是去睡覺為好。③Wemayaswellstaywhereweare.我們留在現(xiàn)在的地方倒也不錯(cuò)④Youmayaswelldoitatonce.你最好馬上做這件事。[注]：mightaswell還可用于指過去的情況或用于比較兩個(gè)令人不愉快的情況：Thisholidayisn’tmuchfun;wemightaswellbebackhome.這個(gè)假日過得真沒意思，我們還不如呆在家里。①---AreyoucomingtoJeff'sparty.---I'mnotsure.I_____gototheconcertinstead.(2000)A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might②Youmightjustaswelltellthemanufacturerthatmalecustomers______notlikethedesignofthefurniture.(2022上海春)A.mustB.shallC.mayD.needKey:DC四、may用于表示祝愿主要用于正式場合或書面語中。如：①M(fèi)ayyoubehappy!祝你幸福!②MayGodblessyou!愿上帝保佑你!五.can/could與may/might表許可的區(qū)別表示許可或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求時(shí),“可以”的意思。can/could常用在非正式場合,更口語化;而may/might常用于比較正式的場合;當(dāng)然,could比can更委婉,might比may更客氣.①Youmaygonow.②Can/CouldIborrowyourreferencebooks?③Youcansmokeintheentrancehall.④----MayIuseyourcomputer?----Yes,goahead./Yes,youcan對(duì)may/might問句的否定回答,可以用maynot.但表示“不可以”、“禁止”時(shí)，要使用can’t/mustn’t.例如：④---MayItakethisbookout?----Yes,youmay.(是的，可以)No,youcan’t/mustn’t.（不，不行）（語氣相當(dāng)肯定）---No,You’dbetternot.⑤----Ihearyou'vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoins.______Ihavealook.---Yes,certainly.(2022北京春B)A.DoB.MayC.ShallC.ShouldIII.must與havetoA.表示“必須應(yīng)該”,否定式為mustnot(mustn’t)(表示不應(yīng)該不許可不準(zhǔn)禁止等).在回答must的提問時(shí)，否定式用neednot(needn’t)或don’thaveto（表示“不必”），而不用mustnot（表示不可以）。.Everybodymustobeytherules.--MustIhandinmyexercisesnow?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/No,youdon’thaveto.①----MustIfinishtheworkbeforefiveo'clock?----No,you________.(2022四川)A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.havetoD.can't②----_______Icomebackbeforefiveo'clock?----No,you__________.Butyou_________bebacklaterthanseveno'clock.A.Need;must;mustn'tB.May;mustn't;can'tC.Can;can't;can'tD.Must;needn't;can't③----MustIcleantheroomrightnow?----No,you_________.You__________cleanitafterlunch.A.needn't;canB.needn't;mayC.mustn't;canD.mustn't;may④--Musthecometosignthispaperhimself--Yes,he__________.(06廣東卷)A.needB.mustC.mayD.will⑤Someaspectsofapilot'sjob_____beboring,andpilotsoften_____workatinconvenienthours.(06湖南)A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must⑥---Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?----You______doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.[2022重慶卷]A.don’thaveto B.oughtn’tto C.mustn’t D.can’t⑦Incrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,you___takecareofyourluggage.[2022北京卷]A.canB.mayC.mustD.will【Key:ADBBAAC】表示“不許可，禁止”:①Youmustn’tplayinthestreet.②Youmustn’tsmokeintheclassroom.注意：否定形式mustn’t和don’thaveto(haven’tgotto)意思極不相同。①Youmustn’ttellJenny.=Don’ttellJenny.你一定不要告訴Jenny.②Youdon’thavetotellJenny.=Youcanifyoulikebutitisn’tnecessary.你不一定要告訴Jenny.③WhenIwasyoung,IwastoldthatI______playwithmatches.(2022上海春C)A.wouldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.daren’t高考考查must表示義務(wù)的用法:must意為"必須","應(yīng)該",表示必須要做的事,其否定式mustn't表示禁止,即不許對(duì)方做某事。①----MayIgotothecinema,Mum？----Certainly.Butyou______bebackby11o'clock.(2022安徽)A.canB.mayC.mustD.need②---SARSissuchaterribledisease.---Yes,itis.We_______bemorecareful.(2022浙江嘉興)A.canB.mayC.mustD.need③Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_______intotheriver.(2022重慶)A.needn'tbethrownB.mustn'tbethrownC.can'tthrowD.maynotthrow④Thesebooks_______outofthereadingroom.Youhavetoreadthemhere.(2022遼寧)A.can'ttakeB.mustbetakenC.cantakeD.mustn'tbetaken⑤Cars,busesandbikes_______stopwhentrafficlightschangetored.(2022上海)A.canB.mayC.mustD.need⑥Johnny,you___playwiththeknife,you________hurtyourself.(1996)A.won’t,can’tB.mustn’t,mayC.shouldn’t,mustD.can’t,shouldn’t⑦----Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?----You________doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.[2022重慶]A.don'thaveto

B.oughtn'tto

C.mustn't

D.can't

Answers:1—7CCBDCBAB.考查must和haveto表”必須”的用法區(qū)別：must表示說話人的主觀看法和意志,而haveto強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀因素所造成結(jié)果,意思是"不得不，必須"。例如:①Englishisveryimportantandwemusttryourbesttolearnitwell.②Thelastbushasgone,sowehavetogobackhomeonfoot.【比較】:Imuststopsmoking.(主觀看法)Ihavetostopsmoking.(客觀需要)①.---Canyougoswimmingwithusthisafternoon?----Sorry,Ican't.I________takecareofmylittlesisterathomebecausemymotherisill.(2022南京D)A.canB.mayC.wouldD.havetoC.must用于疑問句，表示責(zé)備、抱怨的感情色彩，意思為“偏要，硬要、干嘛”①M(fèi)ustyoumakesomuchnoise?你非的弄出這么大聲嗎？②Ifyoumustsmoke,pleasegoout.②John,lookatthetime._______youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour？(2022全國Ⅲ)A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need③Tom,you_________leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis！(2022全國II)A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot④---CouldIhaveawordwithyou,mum.---Ohdear,ifyou______.(06浙江卷)A.canB.mustC.mayD.should⑤----MayIsmokehere----Ifyou________,chooseaseatinthesmokingsection.(06山東卷)A.shouldB.couldC.mayD.must⑥---Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere.----Well,ifyou________know,hernameisMabel.(2022天津)A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall【Key:2---6ABBDC】D.考查must表示推測的用法。must意為"一定","肯定，必定",表示可能性很大,只用于肯定句,在否定句中要用can't,表示"不可能"。例如:①Theremustbeaticketleft.②Hemustbeintheclassroom.(對(duì)現(xiàn)在事情的猜測)(must+V.)③Shemustbedoingherhomeworkintheclassroom.(對(duì)正在進(jìn)行的事情猜測）(mustbe+doingsth.)④Hemusthavetoldyouaboutit.(must+havedonesth.)他一定與你談過這件事情了。⑤Susan'sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.It_______beveryexpensive.(2022上海)A.mustB.canC.mustn'tD.can't⑥Thisbook________Lucy's.Look!Hernameisonthebookcover.(2022河南)A.mustbeB.maybeC.can'tbeD.mustn'tbe[Answers:5—6AA]E.【注意】:Must沒有過去式,講過去做某事一般要用hadto表達(dá),但若是間接引語,也可以用must.a.WhenIwasyourage,Ihadtogetupat5everymorning.b.Itoldhershemustmakeadecision.(間接引語)IV.will/would的用法1.用于各種人稱,表示意愿或決心.如:will表示現(xiàn)在的意愿或決心①“IwilllandyousafeinLiverpool,”hecried,“ifyouwillstaystrongandfirmwithme.”②Iwilldoasyousay.我一定按照你說的去做。③Supposehewillnotgowithme,whatcanIdo?假如他不愿和我一起去，我該怎么辦呢？④We’llpaybackthemoneysoon.不久，我們會(huì)還錢的。would表示過去的意志和決心。①.Hewouldneveragreetothat.他決不會(huì)同意那事。②.Histheorywassoadvancedthatfewpeoplewouldacceptit.他的理論是那么高深，以至于沒有幾個(gè)人愿意接受。2.用于第二人稱的疑問句,表說話人對(duì)對(duì)方的請(qǐng)求,would的語氣較will婉轉(zhuǎn).①Wouldyouteachushowtodriveacar?②Willyouhelpmefixupthiscamp?和would分別用來表現(xiàn)在或過去的習(xí)慣性,經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).①Theoldmanwillsitunderthebigtreeforhourseveryevening.②Waterwillboilat100℃.③Boyswillbeboys.④He’sstrange-----he_______sitforhourswithoutsayinganything.A.shallB.willC.canD.mustwould后面要接表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，不能接表示認(rèn)識(shí)或狀態(tài)的詞d.HewouldcometoseemeonSundaywhenhewasinBeijing.e.Oftenatnightshewouldhearalonglowwhistleandsoundofametallicnoise.f.Whenwewereatmiddleschool,wewouldgoswimminginwinter.注意：usedto表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已不存在。Peopleusedtothinkthatthesunwentroundtheearth.以前人們總是認(rèn)為太陽是圍繞地球轉(zhuǎn)的。（現(xiàn)在人們已不再認(rèn)為是這樣了。）not或wouldnot和一些主動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用,表示”怎么也不”的意思.Hanktriedthedooragain,butitwouldn’tmove.&would也可以表示猜測。【見表猜測一欄】V．Shall的用法【過去式should；shallnot的縮寫為shan't】1.助動(dòng)詞：表示單純的將來，用于第一人稱，第二人稱只用于問句中。美國人常用will代替.口語中可縮寫為'll將要；會(huì)：①WeshallreachYeantomorrow．明天我們將到達(dá)延安．②I'llbetwentynextmonth．到下月我將滿二十歲。③I'mafraidIshan'tbeabletocome．我恐怕不能來．④Shallwebebackintime?我們會(huì)及時(shí)回來嗎。⑤Shallyoubefreetonight?今天晚上你空嗎?2.表示說話者的意圖、允諾、告誡、警告、命令、決心、規(guī)定、必然性等，用于陳述句的第二、第三人稱中]必須，應(yīng)，可：①Youwantedjustice,soyoushallgetjustice,morethanyouwanted.(允諾)Youshallheareverythingassoonasyoucome.你一來就可聽到所有情況了。(表允諾)②Youshallsufferforthis.你會(huì)為此事吃苦頭的。(表威脅)③Eachcompetitorshallwearanumber.每個(gè)參賽者要戴一個(gè)號(hào)碼。(表規(guī)定)④Youshallbesorryforwhatyouhavedone,Itellyou.(警告)⑤Sheshalldoit,whethershewillornot.她必須做這件事，不管她是否愿意。(強(qiáng)制)⑥Whenshecomes,nobodyshallsayaword.(命令)⑦Nothingshallstopusfromcarryingouttheplan.(決心)eq\o\ac(○,8)Youshallnotleaveyourpost．你不得離開崗位。/No,heshan'tgo．不，他不能去．【高考鏈接】①Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_________remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2022上海)A.canB.willC.mayD.shall②Theinterest_________bedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides.”declaredthejudge.(2022重慶)A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall③----Excuseme,butIwanttouseyourcomputertotypeareport.---You__________havemycomputerifyoudon'ttakecareofit.(2022湖南A)A.shan'tB.mightnotC.needn'tD.shouldn't④---Mikeisoftenabsentfromclass.----Tellhimhe_______answerforitifhegoesonbehavinglikethat.A.shall

B.will

C.would

D.can⑤---Ipromisethatshe_______getanicepresentonherbirthday.---Willitbeagreatsurprisetoher?A.should

B.mustC.would

D.shall---Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?----“Noperson______smokeorcarryalightedcigarette，cigarorpipeinthisarea．”[2022四川卷]A．will B．may C．shall D.must[Key:1---5DDAAD]3．在條約、規(guī)章、法令等文件中表示必須遵守規(guī)定的內(nèi)容或規(guī)定。一般用于第三人稱)應(yīng)，必須：①TheNationalPartyCongressshallbeconvenedeveryfiveyears．黨的全國代表大會(huì)每五年舉行一次，②ThenewregulationshalltakeeffectonJune1st．新章程自六月一日起施行。③“Theinterestbedividedintofiveparts,accordingtotheagreementmadebybothsides,”declaredthejudge.[2004重慶]A.mayB.shouldC.mustD.shall④----Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?----Noperson________smokeorcarryalightedcigarette，cigarorpipeinthisarea．[2022四川]A．will

B．may

C．shall

D.must[Key:DC]④[在問句中表示征求對(duì)方意見，主要用于第一、第三人稱]…好嗎?要不要…?：ShallIfetchthehammer?我去把錘子拿來好嗎？ShallIturnoffthelight?Shallwetakeumbrellawithus？(或Let'stakeumbrellaswithus，shallwe?)我們帶雨傘去好嗎?Shallhecometoseeyou?要不要他來看你?Shallshecomein?Shallthosegoodsbesentovertoyouatonce?那些貨物要不要馬上給你送來?【高考鏈接】----Theroomissodirty.__________wecleanit?-----Ofcourse.(2022北京春B)A.WillB.ShallC.WouldD.Do⑤[用在表示意圖、要求等的從句中]應(yīng)該，要：Iwishthatyoushallstayathometonight．我希望今晚你會(huì)留在家里。Hedesiresthatweshallgotherewithhimtomorrow。他希望明天我們和他一起到那兒去。Iamanxiousthatitshallbedoneintime．我急于要把這件及時(shí)做好。Mydemandisthatyoushallgetitreadybeforefive．我要求你在五時(shí)前把它準(zhǔn)備好。6用于將來時(shí)態(tài)的間接引語中，與直接引語中的shall相應(yīng).將：①Hesaysthatheshallbegladtoseeyou.＝Hesays：“Ishallbegladtoseeyou.”他說他將樂意來看你．[注意：這里也可用will]VI．Should的用法1.表應(yīng)該做,且有一種道義的責(zé)任,也可表示勸告,建議.可用于任何人稱，“應(yīng)當(dāng)”。①Ishouldhelpherbecausesheisintrouble.②Youshouldn’tgetupifyou’rebadlyhurt.③Ioftenseelightsinthatemptyhouse.DoyouthinkI________reportittothepolice(2022全國III)A.shouldB.mayC.willD.can④--IthinkI'llgiveBobaring.---You______.Youhaven'tbeenintouchwithhimforages.(06江蘇)A.willB.mayC.havetoD.should⑤---TurnofftheTV,Jack._______yourhomeworknow?---Mum,justtenmoreminutes,please.[2022遼寧]A.Shouldyoubedoing

B.Shouldn'tyoubedoing

C.Couldn'tyoubedoing

D.Willyoubedoing⑥Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you_____switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.(2022上海)A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should⑦I______payTracyavisit,butI'mnotsurewhetherIwillhavetimethisSunday.(2022浙江)【3—7ADBDA】A.shouldB.mightC.wouldD.could2.表推測或必然性,含有“理應(yīng)”“按道理應(yīng)該”之義。①Theyshouldbebacknow.②Thebookshouldcomeoutinamonth.③---How'syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?---It__________be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.[2022全國I]

A.will

B.would

C.should

D.must

④---WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon.----They_______bereadyby12：00o'clock.【NMET1998】A.canB.shouldC.mightD.need[3—4CB]3.表說話人驚奇,失望,憂慮,惋惜,憤怒,歡欣等情緒。A.與why,who,how等詞連用，表示意外、驚異等，有“竟會(huì)”等意思。如：①HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道？（意為：我不知道）②Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?你今天怎么來的這么晚？③I’msorrythatsheshouldbesocareless.對(duì)不起，她竟然如此粗心。④Shouldshedosuchathing?Whyshouldshedolikethat?B.若句型"Itis/was+形容詞+that從句"中的形容詞是表示"驚詫""疑惑"意義的形容詞，如strange,surprising,shocking,amazing等，那么該主語從句的謂語就要用(should)do的形式，should可以省略。例如：①It'ssurprisingthatwe(should)beshortofwaterinacountrywhereitoftenrains.在一個(gè)多雨的國家，我們竟然缺水，真是奇怪。②It'samazingthatshe(should)havesaidnothingaboutthemurder.她竟然對(duì)那起謀殺案只字未提，真令人費(fèi)解。②Itseemsunfairthatthisshouldhappentome.真不公平，這件事竟然發(fā)生在我身上。③It’sunfairthattheyshouldtreatblackpeoplelikethat!④Neverdidheexpectthattheconditionsshouldbesoterrible．他從來沒有料到情況竟如此可怕?！咀⒁狻浚喝粢陨暇湫椭械男稳菰~變成相應(yīng)意義的名詞，如surprise,wonder,amazement等，那么that引導(dǎo)的從句也應(yīng)該用(should)do的形式。例如：It'sagreatsurprisethathe(should)readtenbooksaday.他竟然能一天讀十本書，真令人吃驚。Youcan’timaginethatawell--behavedgentleman_________besorudetoalady.(2022上海C)A.mightB.needC.shouldD.would4.用在虛擬條件句中，should可以用于較強(qiáng)語氣的假設(shè)情形中，有“萬一、竟然、就、該”等意思。例如：①Ifheshouldfailtocome，askJohntogothereinhisplace．萬一他不能來就叫約翰代替他去。②Shoulditraintomor