情景2人類命運共同體Ⅰ.閱讀理解A[2022·福州市高三診斷性聯(lián)考]EradajereOleitathinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcountry'slong-standingproblems:garbageandpoverty.It'scalledTheChipBagProject.The26-year-oldstudentandenvironmentalistfromDetroitisaskingafavoroflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowyouremptychipbagsintothetrash,donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsfromDoritos,Lay's,andotherfavoritesattwolocationsinDetroit:aprintshopandaclothingstore,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelperscollectthem.Aftertheycleanthechipbagsinhotsoapywater,theyslicethemopen,laythemflat,andironthemtogether.Ittakesaboutfourhourstosewasleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,dependingonwhetherit'ssingle-serveorfamily-size.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasytocarryaround，”O(jiān)leitatoldTheDetroitNews.Sinceitsstartin2020,TheChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800，000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,ithascreated110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbesimplertoraisemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat'sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamilymovedtotheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellowvolunteers.“Wearecommittedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,butalsoenvironmentally，”shesaid.And,ofcourse,there'sthesymbolismofsalvagingbagsthatwouldotherwisebeabandonedinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It'sapowerfulreminderthatenvironmentalinjusticeandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitatoldwww.hourdetroit.com,“Ithinkit'stimetoshowconnectionsbetweentheseissues.”1．WhatisthepurposeofTheChipBagProject?A．Tomakedonationsforthehomeless.B．Todealwithgarbageandsleepingbags.C．Tostoppollutioncausedbysnacklovers.D．Toprotecttheenvironmentandreducepoverty.2．HowdoesOleitagetmaterialsforsleepingbags?A．Byturningtochipeaters.B．Byproducingchipbags.C．Bypurchasingsnacks.D．Bycooperatingwiththepoor.3．Whichofthefollowingcanbestexplaintheunderlinedword“salvaging”inthelastparagraph?A．Sewing.B．Designing.C．Emptying.D．Recycling.4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesEradajereOleita?A．Devotedandcreative.B．Determinedandhonest.C．Ambitiousandhumorous.D．Caringandindependent.B[2022·馬鞍山市高三質(zhì)量監(jiān)測]In2007,theAfricanUnionannouncedanambitiousproject—toplanttheGreatGreenWall(GGW),abandoftreesthatwouldstretchthelengthoftheSahel.TheGGWisanecologicalrestorationprojectdesignedbyAfricanpeopleforAfricanpeople.Heavyrain,droughts,wildfireandlandslideshaveallbecomecommonthroughouttheworld.ButnowhereisquiteliketheSahel.InthishugeAfricanregion,climatechangehasmaterializedinadramaticmanner.Insomecases,thesevereconditionshaveleftpeoplewithnooptionotherthantomigrateelsewheretosurvive.Itwaswithallofthisinmindthattheextraordinary,butheavilydebatedprojectwasfirstputforward.Fourteenyearshavepassedsincetheinitiativeformallykickedoff.Thestatedgoalwastocreatea15-kilometre-wide,8，000-kilometre-longgreenbeltoftreesandotherplantsthat,by2030,wouldspan(跨越)theentirewidthoftheSahel,fromSenegaltoDjibouti.Overall,100millionhectares(公頃)oflandwouldberestoredby2030.Itwasannouncedthatoncecompleted,thewallcouldendupcapturing(俘獲)250milliontonesofcarbondioxide,whileitscreationandupkeepcouldcreatetenmillionjobsinruralareas.Comingtothewholeproject,there'sstillalongwaytogo.AccordingtoastatusreportbytheUnitedNationsConventiontoCombatDesertification,aboutfourmillionhectaresofdegradedlandhavebeenrestored.Thismeansthatprogresstowardsthe100millionhectarestargetstandsatjustfourpercent.“Whenwestartedrestoringthesoil,werealizedtheareaatriskwasmuchwiderthanweinitiallythought，”explainsElvisPaulTangem,theAfricanUnion'sGGWcoordinator.“Wehadfewfundstopushtheinitiativeasmuchaswewantedto.Therewasskepticismamonginvestors,whodidn'tunderstandtheproject,butalsoamongtheAfricanstatesthemselves,whichneededtimetofigureoutiftheGGWwasapriority.”5．WhatisthepurposeoftheGGWproject?A．Toimprovethelocalecology.B．Todeveloptheruraleconomy.C．Topredictclimatepatterns.D．Tostrengthenregionalties.6．WhatdothestatisticsinParagraph3showabouttheinitiative?A．Theserviceperiod.B．Thetotalbudget.C．Thetargetgroups.D．Theexpectedbenefits.7．HowdoesElvisPaulTangemfeelabouttheproject?A．Skeptical.B．Worried.C．Confident.D．Satisfied.8．Whatmessagedoestheauthorintendtoconveyinthetext?A．Africancountriesshouldstandtogether.B．TheprogressoftheGGWprojectisslow.C．Fightingclimatechangeisourtoppriority.D．Naturaldisastersareworsethanwethought.Ⅱ.七選五[2022·綿陽市第二次診斷性考試]4WaystoBeMoreEnvironmentallyFriendlyDailyOften,wemaynotthinkourlifestyleisthatharmfultonature.__1__.Herearesomeofthetipsthatcanhelpyoulearnhowtobeenvironmentallyfriendlyinyourdailylife.ReevaluateYourCurrentLifestyleBeforeyoucanbeginyourgreenlivinglifestyle,youwillneedtotakeagoodlookatwhatyoucurrentlydoinyourdailylife.__2__.Andtakealookatwaysyoucanintroduceeco-friendlyproductsintoyourroutine.Consider,forexample,yourbathroomandtheproductsyouuseinthisroom.Thisincludestoiletpaper,yourcleaningsupplies,yourmakeup,etc.Foreachroomyouevaluate,createalistofpossiblechangesyoucouldmakewithregardtobeingenvironmentallyfriendly.__3__Oneoftheeasiestwaystohelpwithyourgreenlivingprojectistolimityouruseofplastic.Thisincludesnotpurchasingplasticwaterbottlesandusingareusableone,averyeasychangetomake,aswellaslimitingyourplasticbaguseatthesupermarketbybringinginyourownreusablebags.ReduceProductsFullofChemicalsUnfortunately,chemicalsareinsomanyoftheproductsweuse.Insomecases,wecangetridofthechemicalsthataffectusandtheenvironmentbymakingourownproducts.Therefore,cleansupplieswithasimplemixtureofvinegar,water,lemonjuiceandsomeessentialoilswhichareallnatural.Itwillgiveyouagreatclean!__4__.Youcanlimitthechemicalsthatenteryourworld,too.ConsiderYourCarbonFootprintYoucanloweryourcarbonfootprintbyfocusingonafewenvironmentalchanges.Considerbiking,walking,publictransportationinplaceofyourcarwheneveryoucan.Takeshortershowers,uselesselectricityandsoon.__5__.A．SayNotoPlasticB．BringYourOwnBagsC．GothrougheachroominyourhouseD．Itcanalsoshowthatyou'reenvironmentallyconsciousE.ThethingsinourhousemaybefriendlytotheecosystemF．However,therearewaystomakeitbetterfortheenvironmentG．Thesetricksalsohelpreduceyourbill,awin-winifyouaskmeⅢ.語法填空[2022·合肥市質(zhì)量檢測]Effectivemeasuressuchasbuildingabotanicgardenandafishbreeding(繁殖)station1.________(take)toprotectthebiodiversity(生物多樣性)inChina'ssouthwesternBaihetanDamareasofar.Astheworld'ssecond-largesthydropowerproject,theBaihetanDambegangeneratingpoweronJune28,2021.Amongthetopconcernsaboutthedam2.________(be)thebiodiversityinthelocalregion.Butmanylocalresidentsbelievethatworryisunnecessary.Eversinceexpertsandengineersgotdownto3.________(construct)theBaihetanDam,localvillagerslikeLvJichenghavebeensigninguptohelptakecareofawiderangeof4.________(plant).“Thelocalbirdsandfishhavealsobeenwellprotectedthroughouttheentireprocessofdambuilding，”saidLv.ChenYang，alocalofficial,saidalotofworkhadbeendone5.________(preserve)theenvironment,especiallythebiodiversityinthearea.“Webuiltabotanicgarden6.________aimistoprovideahomefortreesmorethan100yearsoldtransplantedfromtheareawhichwillbeflooded，”saidChen.“Wehavealsobuiltafishbreedingstationandestablishedafishcollectionsystemthatmovesfish7.________thelowersideofthedamtotheupperside.”Theworkswillcontinuedowntheroad.Chensaidheandhiscolleagueswouldcarryonscientificresearchworkonecologicalrestoration,includingsoil8.________(improve)onhighandsteepslopes,whichwouldbe9.________(high)significantforthedry-hotvalleyregionsandtheentireJinshaRiverBasinin10.________longrun.情景2人類命運共同體Ⅰ.閱讀理解A語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自然——保護環(huán)境——回收炸薯片袋做睡袋【語篇解讀】本文講述了26歲的EradajereOleita利用回收的炸薯片袋為無家可歸人士制作睡袋的事跡。1．答案與解析：D推斷。根據(jù)第一段中的“shemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoofourcountry'slong-standingproblems:garbageandpoverty.It'scalledTheChipBagProject”可以推斷出，TheChipBagProject旨在保護環(huán)境并減少貧困，故D項正確。2．答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)第一段中的“askingafavoroflocalsnacklovers...donatethemsoshecanturnthemintosleepingbags”可知，Oleita通過求助愛吃炸薯片的人把空的炸薯片袋捐給他們來獲得制作睡袋的原材料，故A項正確。3．答案與解析：D理解詞匯。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“thatwouldotherwisebeabandonedinthetrash”可知，如果不這么做這些袋子會被丟入垃圾堆里。因此，畫線詞的意思應(yīng)該與“被丟棄”相反，故D項“回收利用”與畫線詞意義接近。4．答案與解析：A推斷。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，Oleita把炸薯片袋回收制成睡袋，這說明Oleita非常有創(chuàng)造力；再根據(jù)第三段中的“Wearecommittedtomakinganimpact”可以看出，Oleita是一個專注的人。故A項正確。B語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——環(huán)境保護——非洲的綠色長城【語篇解讀】大雨、干旱、野火和山體滑坡導(dǎo)致非洲薩赫勒地區(qū)生存條件惡劣，為此非洲聯(lián)盟宣布在2030年之前在該地區(qū)建立一個15千米寬、8000千米長的綠化帶。5．答案與解析：A理解具體信息。根據(jù)第二段的“TheGGWis...forAfricanpeople”可知，打造綠色長城項目旨在改善非洲當(dāng)?shù)氐纳鷳B(tài)環(huán)境。6．答案與解析：D理解具體信息。通讀第三段可知，建成綠色長城后，到2030年總共將有1億公頃的土地被恢復(fù)，將收集2.5億噸二氧化碳，為農(nóng)村地區(qū)創(chuàng)造1000萬個就業(yè)機會。由此可知，第三段提及的數(shù)據(jù)說明了該項計劃的預(yù)期收益。7．答案與解析：B推斷。根據(jù)最后一段“ElvisPaulTangem”所說的話“Wehadfew...wasapriority”可知，“ElvisPaulTangem”認(rèn)為他們沒有足夠的資金來推動這項計劃；投資者中存在懷疑，他們不理解這個項目；非洲國家自己也存在懷疑，他們需要時間來弄清楚GGW是否是優(yōu)先項目。由此可推知，“ElvisPaulTangem”很擔(dān)心該計劃。8．答案與解析：B推斷。通讀第四段可知，從整體來看這個項目還有很長的路要走；根據(jù)《聯(lián)合國防治荒漠化公約》的一份現(xiàn)狀報告，大約400萬公頃的退化土地已經(jīng)恢復(fù)，這意味著，實現(xiàn)1億公頃目標(biāo)的進展僅為4%。由此可推知，綠色長城項目的進展比較緩慢。Ⅱ.七選五語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與自然——環(huán)?！姆N日常環(huán)保策略【語篇解讀】本文介紹了四種日常環(huán)保方法。1．答案與解析：F“wemaynotthinkourlifestyleisthatharmfultonature”與F項之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，“Herearesome...yourdailylife”承接F項而來。綜上可知，F(xiàn)項填在此處能起到承上啟下的作用。2．答案與解析：CC項“Gothrougheachroominyourhouse”與下文中的“Consider,forexample,yourbathroom...inthisroom”和“Foreachroomyouevaluate...”相照應(yīng)，故本空應(yīng)填C項。3．答案與解析：A空格下面段落中的“l(fā)imityouruseofplastic”、“notpurchasingplasticwaterbottles”和“l(fā)imitingyourplasticbaguse”與A項“SayNotoPlas