WelcometotheCourseResearchMethodsandThesisWriting

WelcometotheCourseResearch1ContentsThesisWritingAnOverviewofThesisWritingContentsThesisWritingAn2Howmanyaspectsdoesthebodyfallinto?--Fiveparts(orfivechapters)(1)Introduction(2)Literaturereview

(3)Methodology

(4)Results(5)Conclusion

BodyPartBodyPart3AgeneralremarkaboutMethodology:TheMethodologychapterpresentsadetaileddescriptionofthewayyourproposedstudyisconducted.Thedescriptionshouldbeexplicit,transparentandsufficientlydetailed

(清晰，明了，詳實(shí)）.Byreadingthischapter,thereadercaneasilyvisualizeyourresearchprocessandreplicateyourstudyifhe/shewhishesto.(讀者可以詳細(xì)了解整個(gè)研究過(guò)程，也可以根據(jù)所描述的程序，重復(fù)此項(xiàng)研究)Itiseasytowritethispart,comparedtoaliteraturereview,however,itisdifficulttomeettherequirementsofexplicitness,transparencyandsufficiencyindetail.DescribingMethodology撰寫研究方法AgeneralremarkaboutMethodo4

DescribingMethodologyMajorcomponents(主要內(nèi)容）1.Introduction2.Generalandspecificresearchquestions/hypotheses研究問(wèn)題或研究假設(shè)3.Informationaboutsubjects研究對(duì)象4.Instruments研究工具5.Data-collection數(shù)據(jù)收集程序6.Data-analysis數(shù)據(jù)分析程序7.Limitations研究的局限性DescribingMethodology5Howtodescribethemethodologychapterindifferentdesigns?

Asweknow,astudymayemploythedesignofasurveystudy,oranexperimentalstudy,oracasestudy,oracombination.Regardlessoftheresearchdesign,theheadingsorcomponentsarethesameforthedescriptionofeachdesignbutwithdifferentcontent(但是描述每個(gè)研究設(shè)計(jì)的標(biāo)題基本相同).Whatifastudyemploystwodifferenttypesofdesign?

Insuchacase,acommonpracticeistodescribethetwodesignsseparately.Thatis,youmayhavetwosectionsortwochapters:onesection/chapteronthesurveystudyandtheotheronacasestudy.DescribingMethodologyHowtodescribethemethodolog6Let’sdiscussthewritingofeachcomponent,whiletakingintoaccountthedifferencesindescribingdifferenttypesofdesign.1.IntroductionparagraphThechapterbeginswithanintroductoryparagraphinwhichthespecificationofresearchdesignisfollowedbyanoveralldescriptionoftheorganizationofthissection/chapter.(研究方法的引言簡(jiǎn)要介紹研究設(shè)計(jì)和這一章的總體框架）Whatisthelengthofthisintroductionparagraphonresearchdesign?--Onlyoneortwoshortsentences.Forexample:DescribingMethodologyLet’sdiscussthewritingofe7WritingIntroductiontoyourresearchdesign

撰寫研究方法中的引言

“為了弄清學(xué)習(xí)策略與專業(yè)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系，本研究對(duì)來(lái)自5所大學(xué)的300名英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的學(xué)生進(jìn)行了問(wèn)卷調(diào)查?！?P.275)也可以這樣寫：“本研究使用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查的方式來(lái)探索使用語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)策略與外語(yǔ)成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系?！盩hegeneralorganizationisasortofanadvanceorganizer(先行組織/前導(dǎo)組織）thatpreparereadersforwhatistofollow.Youmaydescribetheorganizationintermsof

thefirst-levelheadingswithouttheneedtoprovidedetailedcontentwithineachsubheading.

寫總體框架的目的是讓讀者了解這一章的大致情況，其描述只限于第一層次的標(biāo)題(一級(jí)標(biāo)題），不必提供詳細(xì)內(nèi)容（不必介紹到二級(jí)標(biāo)題）。WritingIntroductiontoyourr8Researchquestionsandhypothesis2.General/Specificresearchquestions/hypothesis

總的/具體的研究問(wèn)題或假設(shè)

Inthissection,allthegeneralquestions

arepresentedtogetherwiththespecificquestions.Ifyouhaveformedhypothesesinsteadofquestions,then,youshouldlistallthehypotheses.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthissection?Thissectionservestwopurposes.Thefirstistogivethereaderclearinformationaboutwhatquestionsthestudyisintendedtoaddress

(目的一是讓讀者了解要研究的問(wèn)題；Researchquestionsandhypothe9ResearchquestionsandhypothesisWhatisthepurposeofwritingthissection?

ThesecondistoprovideaframeworkfortheResultChapter(第二是為后面“研究結(jié)果和討論”這一章提供框架).Note1:

AllthequestionsappearinginthissectionneedtobeansweredintheResultsChapter.Problemswithgraduatestudents:

TheyoftenforgettorefertowhathasbeenwritteninthissectionwhentheywritetheResultsChapter.Asaresult,theResultsChapterdoesnotcoverallthequestions，ortheorderofquestionspresentedisnotthesameasthatinthissection(報(bào)告研究結(jié)果與研究問(wèn)題的順序也不一致）.Researchquestionsandhypothe10ResearchquestionsandhypothesisNote2:TenseandWordinginthissection

DifferentfromtheothersectionsinthisChapter(Methodchapter),allthequestions/hypothesesarestatedinthepresenttenseratherthaninthepasttense;

Thewordinginquestion(研究問(wèn)題中的措辭）shouldbeclearandprecise,andeachquestionshouldaddressoneissue.Whyarethequestions/hypothesesinthissection,quiteoften,notthesameasweredevelopedatthebeginningofyourresearch?

Thereasonsarevarious.First,datamaybeanalyzedandreanalyzedmanytimesbeforetheyouaresatisfied.

Researchquestionsandhypothe11e.g.yourhypothesismaybethat“thereisnorelationshipb.t.risk-takingandL2achievement”.Theresultcouldnotrejectedthenullhypothesis(你的研究結(jié)果證明不能排除零假設(shè)).Thenyouchooseageasamoderatorvariable(調(diào)節(jié)變量）tomakeafurtheranalysis.Accordingly,youaddonemorequestioninthissection,i.e.“Istherelationshipb.t.risk-takingandL2achievementaffectedbyage?Whatisthealternativewaytotheproblem?Inanothercase,youmaydeleteoneortworesearchquestionsdevelopedearliersimplybecauseyourealizedtherewouldbetoomuchtoreportifallthequestionsareincluded.Researchque