thePresentPerfectTenseBYYuYizhong現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Conclusion：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)到現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為止已經(jīng)完成了的、對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的已完成用法）What’sthePresentPerfectTense?

什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Ihavevisitedsomebeautifulcities.Afriendhastoldmeaboutanicelittlefishrestaurantnearhere.Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.JohnMartin:Oh,lookatthathugeapartmentblock!

XiaoLi:Yes,theyhavejustcompletedit.1234Conclusion：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)從過去某一刻開始延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，這個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去，常與for,since或一段時(shí)間連用。（現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的未完成用法）AmIrightinthinkingthatyouhavelivedhereallyourlife?Thefamilyhaslivedinthistownfortwentyyears.HehasstudiedEnglishsincehewas12yearsold.IhaveknownhimsincelastDecember.What’sthePresentPerfectTense?

什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)1234IhaveseenquitealotofChina.Wehavestartedaholidayclubforchildren.Theyhaveputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently.Ithasbeenverysuccessful,sofar.

Haveyoucollectedanyinformationaboutoccupations?—HasTomleftourtown?—Yes,hehas.—Andhowlonghashebeenaway?—Abouttwohours.肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞.Ithasnotbeenverysuccessfulyet.(hasnot=hasn’t)否定句：主語+have/hasnot+過去分詞.疑問句:(疑問詞)Have/Has+主語+過去分詞?Wehavenotfinishedthework.(havenot=haven’t)1.2.3.SentenceStructures現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成

We’vealreadydoneourbesttohelppeoplefindemployment.They’veputupalotofhigh-risebuildingsrecently/lately.Wehaveseenthatfilmbefore.Haveyoucollectedanyinformationaboutoccupations

yet?Conclusion:

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的已完成用法往往同表示不確定的過去時(shí)間狀語連用，如already,recently,lately,just,yet,ever,before等。TimeExpressionswithPresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間短語Mywife’sjustboughtabeautifuldressfromoneoftheshopsthere.HaveyoueverbeentoGulangyuIsland?123456Conclusion:

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)未完成用法往往同包含現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語連用,如sofar,uptonow,tillnow,allone’slife等。AmIrightinthinkingthatyou'velivedhereallyourlife?It'sbeenverysuccessful,sofar.

Uptonow,I’veunderstoodeverythingtheteacher’ssaid.We’vehadverygoodweatherthiswinter,tillnow.TimeExpressionswithPresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間短語1234TimeExpressionswithPresentPerfectTense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間短語Ihaveneverseensuchahighbuilding.Ihavealwayslivedinthesameneighbourhood.Ihavesometimeshadlettersfromhim.Wehaveoftenbeenthere.1234Conclusion:

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可以與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用，如often,sometimes,never,always,once,twice,threetimes等。I’vebeentheretwice/threetimes.5ContinuousVerbORNon-ContinuousVerb

延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞還是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞JohnMartinhas

cometoXiamen.JohnMartinhascometoXiamenforthreeyears.JohnMartinhasnotcometoXiamenforthreeyears.Conclusion:

非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（終止性動(dòng)詞）的肯定式不能和一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，應(yīng)改用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或其它句型。1JohnMartinhasfallenillsincehemovedtoXiamen.JohnMartinhasbeenillsincehemovedtoXiamen.JohnMartinhasnotfallenillsincehemovedtoXiamen.23456leavebeawaydiebedeadfinishbeovermarrybemarriedjoinbeinfallillbeillbuyhaveborrowkeepmovetoliveinNon-ContinuousVerbContinuousVerb

非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞翻譯：這輛自行車我已買三年了。1.Ihavehadthisbikeforthreeyears.2.IthasbeenthreeyearssinceIboughtthisbike.—XiaoLihasgonetoGulangyuIsland.—Oh,canyoutellmewhenheleft?—IsthatJackspeaking?—Sorry,heisn’tinrightnow.Hehasgonetothecinemawithhisaunt.Conclusion：

havebeento表示去過某地(有去過某地的經(jīng)歷)，人可以在說話處，或其它任何地方；可與表示次數(shù)的狀語連用。JohnMartinhasbeentoGulangyuIslandtwice.Conclusion：

havegoneto表示去某地了，人一定不在說話處，要么在去的路上，要么已經(jīng)到了，要么在回來的路上。havebeentoORhavegoneto“去過”還是“去了”—HaveyoueverbeentoGulangyuIsland?—Yes,Ihave.1234Ithasbeensixyearssincewelastsaweachother.

Thisisthefirsttime(that)I'vevisitedyourhometown.ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.

Ifithasstoppedraining,wewillgotothepark.I’llreturnthebookthelibraryassoonasIhavefinishedit.Conclusion：在一些特殊的句型中要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。PresentPerfectTenseinSpecialSentences

特殊句型中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)12345Ihave

beentoGulangyuIslandinthelastyear.IwenttoGulangyuIslandlastyear.HehasreturnedfromParis.

HereturnedfromParisyesterday.

Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.

Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.

XiaoLihaslivedinXiamenfor30years.XiaoLilivedinXiamenfor30years.

Conclusion1）一般過去時(shí)表示在確定的過去時(shí)間發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作，僅陳述這一發(fā)生的動(dòng)作屬實(shí)，該動(dòng)作和現(xiàn)在沒有任何關(guān)系。而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，該動(dòng)作現(xiàn)已完成或可能持續(xù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過去對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果。1234Conclusion2）一般過去時(shí)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用,如ago,

yesterday,lastweek,in1980,inOctober,而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用，或無時(shí)間狀語。PresentPerfectTenseORSimplePastTense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還是一般過去時(shí)ReviewofKeyPoints

要點(diǎn)回顧1什么是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成23現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用的時(shí)間短語延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞還是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞45“去過”還是“去了”6特殊句型中的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)7現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還是一般過去時(shí)KeyPoints1.—Thatmusthavebeenalongtrip.—Yeah,it_______usawholeweektogetthere.(2011北京)A.takesB.hastakenC.took