2022-2023學(xué)年福建省南平市建甌南雅中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Thenextthingwesawwassmoke______frombehindthehouse。A.rose

B.rising

C.torise

D.risen參考答案：B

考查非謂語(yǔ)的用法。解答含有非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的題目與解答時(shí)態(tài)題目的解題方法有相似之處，即要把握動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間和狀態(tài)。本題選項(xiàng)中要填入的動(dòng)詞是rise升起來(lái)，題干信息是saw，根據(jù)題意我們可以知道rise“升起來(lái)”和see“看到”這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)發(fā)生的，所以作后置定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就要用現(xiàn)在分詞了。句意為：他看到的東西是輕煙從房子后面升起來(lái)。難度大。2.–-NowthatyouliketheiPad3somuch,whynotbuyone?-–Well,Ican’tafford_____computeratpresent.A.thatexpensivea

B.asuchcheapC.asocheapD.thatanexpensive參考答案：A3.Ifyouareabletotalktoafriendoverthetelephone,youfeelthatyouareclose_____theactualdistanceisnotshortened.

A.evenif

B.solongas

C.if

D.as參考答案：A4.

youareunabletodealwithit,perhapsweshouldasksomeoneelseforhelp．A．Although

B．While

C．Since

D．Unless參考答案：C5._________totheassociationofsuccesswithmoneythatthethoughtofgivingupgoodsalaryforanideaseemslikealittlebitcrazy.A.Mostofusaremuchaccustomed B.SoaccustomedmostofusareC.Soaccustomedaremostofus D.Accustomedasmostofusare參考答案：C略6.—SoyoumissedtheEnglishlecturethismorning?—________.Iarrived30minutesafteritstarted.A.Notexactly B.Notreally C.Notpossible D.Notlikely參考答案：A7.Todaywefocuson_____iscalledrecurrentobesity(復(fù)發(fā)性肥胖)oryo-yoobesity(溜溜球式肥胖),_____isthephenomenon_____wegainweightandthengoonasuccessfuldiet,butwithin12monthswegobacktoouroriginalweight.A.what;which;inwhich

B.which;which;whereC.all;that;that

D.whatever;as;which參考答案：A考查名詞性從句和定語(yǔ)從句。句意：今天，我們集中在被稱(chēng)為復(fù)發(fā)性肥胖或溜溜球式肥胖目標(biāo)上。這是一種現(xiàn)象，一個(gè)人在體重增加后通過(guò)節(jié)食成功減重，但是在12個(gè)月以?xún)?nèi)又恢復(fù)到原有的體重。“_____iscalledrecurrentobesity(復(fù)發(fā)性肥胖)oryo-yoobesity(溜溜球式肥胖)”是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺乏主語(yǔ)，what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或者表語(yǔ)，故第一空填what；第二空which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代這個(gè)主句，從句中作主語(yǔ)；“___wegainweightandthengoonasuccessfuldiet”是定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是thephenomenon，從句中作抽象地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，引導(dǎo)詞用關(guān)系副詞where或者inwhich。故選A。8.Theyseeyouassomethingofaworrier,problems

whichdon’texistandcrossingbridgeslongbeforeyoucometothem.A.settling

B.discovering

C.seeing

D.designing參考答案：C9.--Lookatthenoisykids!--Haven’tyouheardthesaying“

”?A.There’splentyoffishinthesea

B.AllthatglittersisnotgoldC.Whenthecatisaway

D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush參考答案：C考查諺語(yǔ)。A.There’splentyoffishinthesea天涯何處無(wú)芳草；

B.Allthatglittersisnotgold閃光的未必都是金子;C.Whenthecatisaway山中無(wú)老虎,猴子來(lái)稱(chēng)王；

D.Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush雙鳥(niǎo)在林不如一鳥(niǎo)在手。上句：看這吵鬧的孩子。下句：你沒(méi)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)“山中無(wú)老虎,猴子來(lái)稱(chēng)王”？根據(jù)句意可知選C?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】完全倒裝完全倒裝是把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全置于主語(yǔ)前，其中主語(yǔ)必須是名詞，若為代詞則不倒裝，這種結(jié)構(gòu)中謂語(yǔ)部分無(wú)助動(dòng)詞（be，do，have）和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，但可以有連系動(dòng)詞be。須用完全倒裝的情況有：1.當(dāng)句首為副詞out，in，up，down，off，here，there等，且主語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用完全倒裝。如：Incamethedoctor.醫(yī)生進(jìn)來(lái)了。2.當(dāng)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首，且主語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，應(yīng)用完全倒裝。如：Ontopofthehillstandsabigpinetree.山頂上聳立著一棵大松樹(shù)。3.在therebe結(jié)構(gòu)中，there為引導(dǎo)詞，be動(dòng)詞之后為句子的主語(yǔ)，屬完全倒裝，be應(yīng)與主語(yǔ)保持一致。除be以外，能與there連用的動(dòng)詞還有seem，exist，happen，appear，live，stand等。如：TherewerealotofpeopleintheparklastSunday.上周日公園里有很多人。4.作表語(yǔ)的形容詞、過(guò)去分詞等較短，而主語(yǔ)相對(duì)比較長(zhǎng)，為了保持句子平衡而將表語(yǔ)前置時(shí)，句子的主謂也應(yīng)完全倒裝。如：GonearethedayswhenweChinesewerelookeddownupon.中國(guó)人民被歧視的日子已成為過(guò)去。5.某些表示祝愿的句子也可用完全倒裝（或部分倒裝）。如：LonglivetheChineseCommunistPartyofChina!中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨萬(wàn)歲！Mayyousucceed!祝你成功！10.Theworkercanmakechairs____wood,andalsocanmakepaper____wood.A.from,of

B.of,from

C.of,of

D.from,from參考答案：B略11.---Aftergraduation,moreseniorstudentsinthemainlandareapplyingforadmissiontoHongkongUniversity.---______.ButstudyinginHongkongmaycostmore.A．Ihopeso B．That’sthecase C．Notreally D．Thatsoundsreasonable參考答案：B12.Hernewbookonhowtogetalongwithothersisto______nextmonth.A.comeout

B.getout

C.turnout

D.giveout參考答案：A13.Researchshowsthathumans______fromselfishtounselfishbehaviorwhentheyarewatched.A.tell

B.switch

C.range

D.distinguish參考答案：B14.Obama，thefirstblackpresidentinAmericanhistory，________presidencyonJanuary20th，2009．A．setup

B．heldup

C．tookup

D．pickedup參考答案：C15.Iwasverybusythatday．OtherwiseI_________inthediscussion．

A．wouldtakeparty

B．hadtakenpart

C．tookpart

D．wouldhavetakenpart參考答案：D16.Asaresultof__isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry,scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.

A.it

B.what

C.which

D.that參考答案：B二、完型填空17.The“challenges”offamilyholidaysarewell-known.It’s

21

enoughgettingonwithyourhusband,wifeorkidsathome,sohowcanyou

22

yourselfwhiletravellingwiththem?SusanM.Shaw,expertonleisure(休閑)attheUniversityofWaterlooinCanada,thinkstheterm“familyleisure”isfullof

23.“Researchsuggeststhatsuch

24

donotalwaysliveuptotheleisureideal,”shewrites,darkly.Familyholidaysprobablydon’taddmuchtothesumofhuman

25.However,asoneofmyfriendslikesto

26,peopledon’thavechildrenforhappiness.Researchhasshownthat

27arelesshappythanchildlesspeople.28

,saysmyfriend,havingchildrenisbestunderstoodasabiologicalurge.Youhavethemnotforthepresentbutforthe

29

,sothatyourgeneswillcontinuetoexistwhenyouaregone.And

30

,yougoonfamilyholidaysnotforthepresentbutforthefuture.Thus,theaimoftheholiday,muchofthetime,istostockupon

31:toleaveallfamilymemberswith

32

ofhappinessthattheycanlookbackonafterthefamilydoesn’texist.Muchofwhatwerememberofourfamiliescomesfrom

33

.Onholiday,thefamilyexistsmoreclearlythanatanyothertime:alltogetherforonce,

34

work,schoolorfriends.Onholiday,youaremuchclosertoyour

35.Holidayphotographsmakethatfeelingofcloseness

36

.Infact,thephotographsthemselvesareperhapsthemain

37

oftheholiday:that’swherethememoriesgetlaiddown.Afamilyholidayisformemories.Onceyou’vegraspedthat,youwillnot

38

it.Ivividlyremember,about30yearsago,

39

fromanItalianvacationtoourhandsomebrickhouse.40

weopenedthefrontgate,mymothersaid,“That’sthebestpartofaholiday:cominghome.”AtthetimeIdidn’tknowwhatshemeant.21. A.happy

B.hard C.fortunate

D.strange22. A.enjoy

B.teach C.blame

D.hurt23. A.fun

B.luck C.questions D.problems24. A.relationships B.terms

C.definitions

D.activities25. A.population

B.wealth C.happiness D.kindness26. A.argue

B.complain

C.guess D.predict27. A.teachers B.parents C.husbands D.wives28. A.Still B.Thus C.Rather

D.Indeed29. A.dream

B.joy

C.future D.health30. A.difficultly B.similarly C.sadly D.quickly31. A.memories

B.imaginations

C.information

D.impression32. A.details

B.photographs

C.description

D.evaluation33. A.customs B.language C.holidays D.behavior34. A.except

B.against

C.despite

D.without35. A.family

B.friends

C.home

D.cameras36. A.possible B.positive C.better

D.stronger37. A.function B.reason C.aim D.advantage38. A.learnfrom

B.sufferfrom

C.seekfor D.carefor39. A.vacation B.meeting C.performance D.training40. A.Because B.Before

C.If

D.As參考答案：21．B22．A23．D24．D25．C26．A27．B28．C29．C30．B31．A32．B33．C34．D35．A36．D37．C38．B39．A40．C【文章大意】很多人認(rèn)為跟家人一起度假是種折磨，作者卻認(rèn)為全家人一起度假很有意義，能留下許多美好的回憶。21.B考查形容詞辨析。根據(jù)本段首句可知，跟家人度假是項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)。第二句句意：平時(shí)在家里跟家人相處已經(jīng)很“難了”，那么跟他們?cè)谝黄鸲燃儆衷趺茨堋斑^(guò)得愉快”呢？hard“困難”，與前面的“challenges(挑戰(zhàn))”呼應(yīng)。happy令人高興（愉快）的；fortunate幸運(yùn)的；strange奇怪的。

因此選B項(xiàng)。22.A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：……那么跟他們?cè)谝黄鸲燃儆衷趺茨堋斑^(guò)得愉快”呢？。enjoyoneself“玩得愉快”。teachoneself自學(xué)；blameoneself自責(zé)；hurtoneself傷害自己。因此選A項(xiàng)。23.D考查名詞辨析。既然跟家人度假是項(xiàng)挑戰(zhàn)，那么“家庭休閑”這種說(shuō)法本身就有“問(wèn)題”。problem“問(wèn)題”。fun樂(lè)趣；luck幸運(yùn)；question問(wèn)題，疑問(wèn)。因此選D項(xiàng)。24.D考查名詞辨析。這里是指度假這些“活動(dòng)”不能總是讓人感到放松。activities“活動(dòng)”。Relationship關(guān)系；term期限，條款；definition定義。故選D項(xiàng)。25.C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下文中的peopledon’thavechildrenforhappiness可知，作者用“人們養(yǎng)育孩子不是為了幸福”來(lái)反駁全家度假可能不會(huì)增加人們的“幸?？傊怠钡挠^點(diǎn)。happiness“幸?！薄opulation人口；wealth財(cái)富；kindness善良。故選C項(xiàng)。26.A考查動(dòng)詞辨析。根據(jù)本句開(kāi)頭的However可知，本句與上一句是轉(zhuǎn)折對(duì)比關(guān)系，故argue“反駁”符合此處語(yǔ)境。complain抱怨；guess猜測(cè)；predict預(yù)測(cè)。故選A項(xiàng)。27.B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)上句中的havechildren與本句中的childlesspeople可知，這里是將有孩子的人，即“父母”與沒(méi)孩子的人作比較。parents“父母”。teachers老師；husbands丈夫；wives妻子。故選B項(xiàng)。28.C考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的peopledon’thavechildrenforhappiness及本空后的havingchildren…sothatyourgeneswillcontinuetoexistwhenyouaregone可知，作者的朋友認(rèn)為人們養(yǎng)育孩子不是為了幸福，“而是”為了讓自己的基因延續(xù)。rather“而是”。still仍然；thus因此；indeed的確，確實(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。29.C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本段末的notforthepresentbutforthefuture可知，此處應(yīng)填future“未來(lái)”。Dream夢(mèng)想；joy歡樂(lè)；health健康。故選C項(xiàng)。30.B考查副詞辨析。根據(jù)上文中的Youhavethemnotforthepresent…及本空后的內(nèi)容可知，度假跟養(yǎng)育孩子“相似”，都不是為了現(xiàn)在，而是為了將來(lái)。similarly“相似地”。difficultly困難地；sadly悲傷的；quickly迅速地。故選B項(xiàng)。31.A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本段中的rememberof及memories可知，很多時(shí)候，度假的目的就是為了存儲(chǔ)“回憶”。memories“記憶，回憶”。imaginations想象；information信息；impression印象。故選A項(xiàng)。32.B考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本段最后兩句中的photographs可知，此空填photographs“照片”。details細(xì)節(jié)；description描述；evaluation評(píng)價(jià)。故選B項(xiàng)。36.D考查形容詞辨析。句意：度假拍的照片會(huì)讓家人之間的親密感“更加強(qiáng)烈”。stronger意為“更加強(qiáng)烈”。possible可能的；positive積極的；better更好。故選D項(xiàng)。37.C考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)本句冒號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容可知，作者認(rèn)為度假時(shí)拍的照片也許就是度假的主要“目的”。aim“目的”。function功能；reason原因，理由；advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)。故選C項(xiàng)。38.B考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。作者認(rèn)為全家人一起度假很有意義，能留下很多美好的回憶，所以你一旦認(rèn)識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，你就不會(huì)因?yàn)楦胰硕燃俣案械酵纯唷?。sufferfrom“遭受”。learnfrom從……中學(xué)到；seekfor尋求；carefor喜歡，照料。故選B項(xiàng)。39.A考查名詞辨析。根據(jù)下一句中的That’sthebestpartofholiday可知，這里指作者跟家人從意大利“度假”歸來(lái)。vacation“度假”。meeting會(huì)議；performance表演，表現(xiàn)；training訓(xùn)練。故選A項(xiàng)。40.D考查連詞辨析?！拔覀兇蜷_(kāi)門(mén)”和“媽媽說(shuō)：‘度假最好的地方就在于回家’”是幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生的。as“正當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。because因?yàn)椋籦efore在……之前；if如果。故選D項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解18.Theyblockentrances,crowdstreetcornersandtipontotheirsides,turningaconvenientformoftransportationintoasidewalkdangerthatisparticularlydangerousfortheelderlyanddisabled.NowanewCaliforniacompanyisworkingonapossiblesolutionforstoppingthechaoscausedbyelectricscooters（滑板車(chē)）incitiesaroundthecountry.Thecompany,knownasSwiftmile,hasunattendedchargingstationsfore-scootersthataredesignedtoserveasaplacewhereriderscanparkthescootersbetweenrides.Thecompany’sfounder,ColinRoche,saidthesola-poweredchargingstations-whichcanaccommodateanybrandofe-scooter-aremostsuitableforareasthatareoftencrowdedwiththescooters,suchasbusandsubwaystations.Astheweatherwarmsandridershipincreases,thatstruggleisexpectedtointensify.Onone.sideofthedebate,expertssay,arecitieswhoseleaderswanttoreducetrafficandencouragealternative,environmentally-friendlypatternsoftransportationtobattleagainstclimatechangeandpromoteinnovation（創(chuàng)新）.Somelocalofficialsalsofearthatrestrictingscootercompanieswillcastcitiesinanoutdatedlight,discouragingtechnologycompaniesfromdoingbusinessthereinthefuture.Ontheothersideofthedebatearecriticswhohavecomplainedaboute-scootercompaniesforblockingwalkwaysandsellingaproductwhoseusehasledtothousandsofinjuriesamongridersandpedestrians,manyofthemsevere.PatBurt,aformerPaloAltomayorwhoiscurrentlyadvisingSwiftmile,saidthefutureofe-scooterscoulddependheavilyonwhathappensin2019.Citieshaveidentifiedthebenefitsofe-scootersaswellasthe.drawbacks,whichcouldbecomeexistentialforthecompanies.“Ifthe.safetyandotherproblemsaren’taddressed,Ithinkcitieswillrestrictthemevenmore,“hesaid.“Butthere’sagoodchancescooterswillbeadopteduniversallyiftheseproblemsgetsolved.”12.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.Theelderlyareeasytogetinjured. B.E-scootersaredifficulttofind.C.Manyproblemsarecausedbye-scooters. D.Newinventionsprovidepeoplewithconvenience.13.Whatcane-scooterownersdoatthechargingstation?A.Parktheire-scooters. B.Gettheire-scootersrepaired.C.Havetheire-scooterscleaned. D.Chargetheire-scootersforfree.14.Whatbenefitscane-scootersbringtothecities?A.Attractingmoretourists. B.Reducingtrafficpressure.C.Makingtheroadsmuchsafer. D.Increasingthelocalcompany’sprofits.15.Whatdecidesthefutureofe-scootersaccordingtoPatBurt?A.Thepublic’sattitude. B.Theimprovementoftraffic.C.Thesolvingofpresentproblems. D.Thebenefitsofthenewbusinessmodel.參考答案：12.C

13.A

14.B

15.C這是一篇說(shuō)明文。電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)堵住入口，擠在街角，翻倒在地，把一種方便的交通方式變成了人行道上的危險(xiǎn)，對(duì)老年人和殘疾人尤其危險(xiǎn)。目前，加州一家新公司為電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)設(shè)立了無(wú)人值守的充電站，旨在為騎車(chē)者提供一個(gè)可以在兩次騎行之間停車(chē)的地方。一方面電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)可以減少交通，另一方面有人抱怨電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)阻塞人行道，導(dǎo)致數(shù)千名乘客和行人受傷。當(dāng)前問(wèn)題能否解決決定了電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)的未來(lái)?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段Theyblockentrances,crowdstreetcornersandtipontotheirsides,turningaconvenientformoftransportationintoasidewalkdangerthatisparticularlydangerousfortheelderlyanddisabled.（他們堵住入口，擠在街角，翻倒在地，把一種方便的交通方式變成了人行道上的危險(xiǎn)，對(duì)老年人和殘疾人尤其危險(xiǎn)。）可知第一段主要闡述電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)引起的問(wèn)題。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Thecompany,knownasSwiftmile,hasunattendedchargingstationsfore-scootersthataredesignedtoserveasaplacewhereriderscanparkthescootersbetweenrides.（這家名為Swiftmile的公司為電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)設(shè)立了無(wú)人值守的充電站，旨在為騎車(chē)者提供一個(gè)可以在兩次騎行之間停車(chē)的地方。）可知電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)車(chē)主可以在充電站停放他們的電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句Ononesideofthedebate,expertssay,arecitieswhoseleaderswanttoreducetrafficandencouragealternative,environmentally-friendlypatternsoftransportationtobattleagainstclimatechangeandpromoteinnovation.（專(zhuān)家們表示，爭(zhēng)論的一方是，城市領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人希望減少交通，并鼓勵(lì)替代的、環(huán)保的交通模式，以對(duì)抗氣候變化和促進(jìn)創(chuàng)新。）可知電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)能給城市減少交通壓力。故選B?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一句“Butthere’sagoodchancescooterswillbeadopteduniversallyiftheseproblemsgetsolved.”（但如果這些問(wèn)題得到解決，電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)很有可能被普遍采用。）可知PatBurt認(rèn)為，當(dāng)前問(wèn)題能否解決決定了電動(dòng)摩托車(chē)的未來(lái)。故選C。19.（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。TipsonBuildingSelf-ConfidenceSelf-confidenceisakeyskillforeverygoalyouwanttoaccomplishSelf-confidencemeansthatyouknowwhoyouareandwhatyou'regoodatandthatyoucanhandlestressandgenerallyperformunderpressure．Ifyoufeellikeyoudon'thaveenoughself-confidence,youprobablydon't,soyoushouldalwaystrytoincreaseyourconfidencebyfollowingafewday-to-daytips．1．Exercise．Exerciseregularly,betweenthreean