2021年高考模擬預(yù)測(cè)練習(xí)卷(一)

英語(yǔ)試題

本試卷共9頁(yè)，滿(mǎn)分120分，考試時(shí)間90分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，

用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)

效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

GrandCanyonParkRangerPrograms

GuidedCedarRidgeHike

7amDaily(MeetattheSouthKaibabTrailhead)

A3-mile(4.8km)hikeonanunpavedpath.Allow4hours.Minimum2litersofwaterperperson.Bring

saltysnacks,sunscreen,andwearhikingshoes.Notrecommendedforpeoplewithheartproblems,ordifficulty

walking.

FossilDiscoveryWalk

9amDaily(MeetattheBrightAngelTrailheadsign)

Walkamongseacreaturesthatlivedonthispartofthecontinent270millionyearsago,beforetheageof

thedinosaurs.Thiseasyl/2-mile(0.8km)one-waywalkexploresanexposedfossilbed.

CritterChat

9:30amDaily(MeetatGrandCanyonVisitorCenter)

LearnaboutsomeoftheGrandCanyon'sdiversewildcreatureswhosurvivehereinthisplaceofextreme

changesinexposureandclimate.Wheelchairaccessible.Familyfriendly.

GeologyWalk

3:30pmDaily(MeetatYavapaiGeologyMuseum)

LearnhowtheGrandCanyonformedwhileexploringYavapaiGeologyMuseumduringthisshort

introductorytalk.Whyisitsodeep,wide,andgrand?Whydoesitexistonlyhereandnowhereelseinthe

world?ConsiderwalkingtheTrailofTimefollowingtheprogram.

Note:Childrenmustbeaccompaniedbyanadultinallprograms.Allprogramsarefreeofcharge.

1.Whatmightyoudointheprogramstartingat7am?

A.Goonahike.B.Lookfordinosaurfossils.

C.Learnmoreaboutclimatechange.D.WalktheTrailofTime.

2.Whichprogramisfriendlytopeoplewithdifficultywalking?

A.GuidedCedarRidgeHike.B.FossilDiscoveryWalk.

C.CritterChat.D.GeologyWalk.

3.WheredoyoumeetfbrtheprogramintroducingtheformationoftheGrandCanyon?

A.AttheSouthKaibabTrailhead.B.AttheBrightAngelTrailheadsign.

C.AtGrandCanyonVisitorCenter.D.AtYavapaiGeologyMuseum.

B

Onpaper,hydrogen（H2）lookslikeadreamfuel.Coal,oil,andnaturalgasproducecarbondioxide,

whichwarmstheearthwhenburned,Hydrogenproducespurewater.Hydrogenpacksmoreenergyintoless

spacethanabattery（butcertainlylessthanpetrol）.Also,emptytanks（燃料箱）canberefilledwith

hydrogenmuchfasterthanrefillingemptybatterieswithelectricity.

Whileinpractice,thingsaretrickier.Storingameaningfulamountofhydrogengasrequirespressingit

severalhundred-fold.Changingitintotheliquidformisanotheroption,butitshouldbecooled

to-253C.Bothprocessesrequireaheavyandstrongtank.Whilea700bartankisacceptableforacitybusor

atruck,adaptingitforuseinsmallvehiclesisverydifficultbecausethepressureduringrefillingwouldbetoo

great.

Thesolution?Powerpaste.

AGermanteamofresearchers,ledbyMarcusVogt,havecomeupwithaninteresting"powerpaste",

whichcanstorehydrogenenergyatatmosphericpressure,readyforreleasewhenneeded.Itissonamed

becauseitcomesintubesandlooksliketoothpaste（牙膏）,notinitstraditionalformofgas.

Themainingredient（原料）ofthepasteismagnesiumhydride,asubstancethatreactswithwaterto

formhydrogen.Theescapedhydrogencanthenbedirectedintoafuelcell,whereitreactswithoxygenfrom

theairtoproduceelectricpower.

Refuelingisverysimple,asinsteadofgoingtoafillingstation,driversandriderscansimplyreplacean

emptytubewithanewoneandrefillthewatertank.

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Giventhatpowerpasteonlybeginstobreakdownattemperaturesofaround250℃itremainssafeeven

whenavehiclestandsinthebakingsunforhours.

However,wewillhavetobepatient.Justbecauseresearchershavesucceededindevelopinganewfueling

waydoesnotmeanthatwecanexpecttoseesuchvehiclesontheroadanytimesoon.Itwillindeedbeseveral

yearsbeforethisconceptisturnedintoreality.

4.Asafuel,whatistheadvantageofhydrogenoveroil?

A.Refillingemptytankswillbemoreconvenient.

B.Itislesslikelytoworsenglobalwarming

C.Moreenergycanbepackedinthesamespace.

D.Itwillproducepurewaterforpeopletodrink.

5.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Thepracticaldifficultiestousehydrogenasfuelinsmallvehicles.

B.Thedetailedprocessesofadaptingastrongtankinsmallvehicles.

C.Thedifferencesinfuelingbetweenlargevehiclesandsmallones.

D.Thetricksofbuildingstrongtanksinsmallvehicles.

6.Theauthormentionstherefuelingprocesstoshowthatpowerpasteis.

A.inexpensiveB.powerfulC.convenientD.environment-friendly

7.Whydoestheauthorcallonthereaderstobepatient?

A.Powerpaste-drivenvehiclessometimesmoveveryslowlyontheroad.

B.Practicaluseofpowerpaste-drivenvehicleswillnotcomeverysoon.

C.Powerpaste-drivenvehiclescanonlyworkafterbeinginthesunforhours

D.Itwillbeyearsbeforetheresearchersworkouttheconceptofpowerpaste.

C

Well,topickupwhereweleftofflasttime,Ibelieveallofyouknownowhowplasticsdeveloped.Buta

pieceofsadnews,everyyearabout8millionmetrictonsofplasticisthrownintoouroceans.That'sasmuchas

atruckloadofplasticwasteeveryminute.Asyoumayknow,plasticwastechokesandhooksturtlesand

seabirds.Worsestill,plasticpiecesareoftenmistakenforfoodbymarine（海洋的）animals.Tinypiecesof

plasticareevenblockingthestomachsofmarinecreaturesandfish.

AccordingtoPlasticOceans,packagingaccountsforjustover40%oftotalplasticusage.Annually

approximately500billionplasticbagsareusedworldwide.Morethan1millionbagsareusedeveryminute.14%

ofalllittercomesfrombeveragecontainers（plasticbottles）.Sadly,aplasticbaghasanaverage"workinglife99

of15minutes.Overthelast10yearswehaveproducedmoreplasticthanduringthewholeofthelastcentury.

Plastictakes500yearstobreakdown.Onceitentersourenvironment,itstaysthere.

Thisiswhyitisimportanttostopusingplasticitemsthatweuseforabout15minutesbeforewedispose

ofit.Hopefully,wecanhelpputanendtoplasticpollutionbychoosingnottousesingleuseplasticitems,such

asplasticbagsandstraws.AndthisJuly,peoplearoundtheworldwilltakeapledge（請(qǐng)?jiān)福﹖oliveaplasticfree

life.Youcaneithergiveupthetopfour------straws,bottles,bagsandcoffeecupsoryoucanrefuseasmuch

singleuseplasticasyoucaneveryday.Anotherwaytohelpreducetheproblemistotakepartinbeach

clean-ups.OnthefirstSaturdayofeverymonthCleanC,aninitiativethatgetsvolunteerstocleanupour

beaches,hostsbeachclean-upsonbeachesacrossCapeTown.Youcanfinddetailsofupcomingeventson

theirwebsite.

8.Whatwasprobablytalkedaboutlasttime?

A.Thehistoryofplastics.B.Thecreationofplastics.

C.Whenplasticswasmade.D.Howplasticswascreated.

9.Whatcanbeinferredfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Plasticpackagingisstillontherise.

B.Plasticbottlesarethemostseriousglobalproblems.

C.Plasticscanbreakdownwithincenturies.

D.Single-usedplasticscontributestooceanpollution.

10.Theunderlinedphrase"disposeof'canbereplacedby.

A.takecontrolofB.goinfor

C-getridofD.watchoutfor

11.Whatisthewritingpurposeofthetext?

A.Toappealtofactoriestostopmakingplastics.

B.Tocallonpeopletorefuseplasticpollution.

C.Toorganizeactivitiestocleanupthebeaches.

D.Togathervolunteerstoprotectthemarineanimals.

D

Physicalactivityisimportantinpreventingcardiovascular（心血管的）diseaseinyoungpeoplesolongas

theydon'tundertakeveryintenseactivityondayswhenairpollutionlevelsarehigh,accordingtoarecently

releasedstudy.

04/11

Untilnow,littlehasbeenknownabouttherelationshipsbetweenthehealthbenefitsofphysicalactivity

takingplaceoutdoorsandthepotentiallyharmfuleffectsofairpollution.Previousresearchbytheauthorsof

thecurrentstudyhadinvestigatedthequestioninmiddle-agedpeopleatasinglepointintime,butthisisthe

firsttimethatithasbeeninvestigatedinyoungadultsagedbetween20-30yearsoveraperiodofseveral

years.Inaddition,theresearcherswantedtoseewhathappenswhenpeopleincreaseordecreasetheirphysical

activityovertime.

Ateachhealthcheck-up,theparticipantscompletedaquestionnaireaskingabouttheirphysicalactivityin

thepastsevendaysandthisinformationwaschangedintounitsofmetabolicequivalenttask(MET,

代謝當(dāng)量任務(wù))minutesperweek(MET-mins/week).Theparticipantsweredividedintofourgroups:0,

1—499,500—999and1000ormoreMET-mins/week.Peoplearerecommendedtodo500-999

MET-mins/weekandthiscanbeachievedby;forexample,running,cyclingorhikingfor15-30minutesfive

timesaweek,orbriskwalking,doublestennisorslowcyclingfor30—60minutesfivetimesaweek.

Theresearchersuseddatatocalculateannualaveragelevelsofairpollution,inparticularthelevelsof

smallparticulatematterthatarelessthanorequalto10or2.5micronsindiameter,knownaPM10andPM25.

Overall,theresultsshowthatphysicalactivityisassociatedwithalowerriskofdeveloping

cardiovasculardiseaseamongyoungadults.However,whenairpollutionlevelsarehigh,exercisingbeyond

therecommendedamountmayoffsetorevenreversethebeneficialeffects.Thestudycannotshowthatair

pollutioncausestheincreasedcardiovascularrisk,onlythatitisassociatedwithit.

12.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph2?

A.Outdoorphysicalactivityharmsourhealth.

B.Exercisingisn9tadvisedonseriousairpollutiondays.

C.Afirstin-depthsurveyhasbeendoneonyoungadults.

D.Middle-agedpeoplehavebeentheidealresearchtarget.

13.Howdotheresultscomeout?

A.Bydoingresearchonyoungadults.

B.BycollectingPM10andPM2.5data.

C.Bymakingexperimentsonmiddle-agedpeople.

D.Bystudyingaquestionnaireonphysicalactivity.

14.Whatdoweknowabouttheresult?

A.Airpollutionleadstocardiovasculardisease.

B.Cardiovasculardiseaserelatestoairpollution.

C.Morephysicalexercisebenefitsyoungpeople.

D.Youngadultsseldomdevelopcardiovasculardisease.

15.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Physicalactivity&airpollution:whentodomoreorlessphysicalactivity.

B?Physicalactivity&healthbenefit:howtopreventcardiovasculardisease

C.Physicalactivity&airpollution:whattodowithhighairpollutionlevels

D.Physicalactivity&healthbenefit:howtomaximizethehealthbenefitsofexercising

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12?5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Theyear2020marksthebeginningofthedecadeoftheyold,orthe"youngold"，astheJapanesecall

peopleagedbetween65and75,whocontinuetoworkandstaysociallyengaged.16..Theyoldaremore

numerous,healthierandwealthierthanpreviousgenerationsofseniors.

17.Ofthe3.7yearsofincreasedlifeexpectancy（預(yù)期壽命）inrichcountriesbetween2000and2015,

saystheWHO,3.2yearswereenjoyedingoodhealth.Workingisoneofthefactorsthatarehelpingpeople

stayhealthylonger.AGermanstudyfoundthatpeoplewhoremainatworkafterthenormalretirementage

managetoslowthecognitive（認(rèn)知的）decline.Theyoldarealsobetteroff,whilethewealthofallotherage

groupsdeclined.

TheyoldarenotjustanygroupofoldpeopleTheyarechallengingthetraditionalexpectationsofthe

retiredaswhoarewearingindoorshoesandlookafterthegrandchildren.18.Theybecomeoneofthefastest

growinggroupforairlinebusiness.Theyspendmuchmore,whentakingaforeignholiday,thanyoungadults.

SotheyarevitaltotheTourismindustry.TheyarealsochangingeducationandfinanceBecauseofthe

importanceofpensions,theyoldaretransforminginsurancecompaniesfrompassivedistributorsoffiredan

nuities（年金）tofinancialserviceprovidersforcustomerswhowanttomanagetheirpensionpotsmore

actively.

19.Theyfindthatolderworkershave,ifanything,slightlyabove-averageproductivityandthatteamsof

workersfrommultiplegenerationsareall.Societiesductiveofall.Societiesshouldbebetteroffbecausepublic

spendingonhealthandpensionsshouldbelowerthanexpected,aspeopleworklongerandneedlessmedical

care.

Today,somebigthingswillhavetochange,underpressurefromtheyoldthemselves.Themostimportant

06/11

ispublicattitudestowardsolderpeopleandinparticulartheexpectationthat60-somethingsoughttoquietly

retireintothebackground.20.Theyoldwilldemandthatcompaniesbecomemoreage-friendlyand,inthe

process,helpchangeattitudestowardsagingitself.

A.Healthyyoldpeoplewillrequiregreatchangesinhealthspending.

B.Manycompaniesdiscriminateagainstolderworkersbyofferingtrainingonlytoyoungerones.

C.Theriseoftheyoldwilldefinitelybeablessingtobothcultureandeconomy.

D.Healthworsenswithage,buttheyoldareresistingthedeclinebetterthanmost.

E.Manybossesthinkproductivityfallswithage,butstudiesinGermanysuggestotherwise.

F.Thatwilldisturbconsumers,serviceandfinancialmarkets.

G.Theyold,intheirnewappearanceastheyoungold,areexpectedtochangetheworld.

第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）

Yardleyhasalonghistoryasacommunitythatcares.Forthepastfourdecades,themembersofSt

Andrew'scommunityservicecenterhavebeenselfless,21mealsforelderlyandshut-inresidentsinthe

regioneverymonth.

Barbaraenjoyedthis22twice."WhenIbrokebothmylegs,theservicecenterfedmyhusbandand

meinsuchabundance（豐富）thatwithgreatgratitudeIhadtosay23Jshesays."Myhusband―24

askedmetobreakmylegseverymonthbecausehe25thefood.**Whenhepassedaway,thecardsand

callswereH26Barbabasays.Theyhelpedherknowshewasnever27

Adisasterhappened,endingtheirproud37-year28ofmakingmealstogether,butitdidn'tbreakthe

spiritof29farfromit.Instead,thevolunteersintheservicecentertookto30intheirhomes,Soon,

volunteersweremealseachweek.Andmanyingredientsinthosemealswere32Inspring.StAndrew's

providedseeds—tomatoes,beans,basil,andmore—toYardleyresidentsto33athome.Thegardeners

thenbroughttheirvegetablesbacktothecenterto34withit.

Whataspreadof35!That9swhatmakesYardleycharming!

21.A.orderingB.fixingC.cancellingD.fetching

22.A.generosityB.experienceC.pleasureD.chance

23.A.goodbyeB.goaheadC.stopD.welcome

24.A.seriouslyB.finallyC.frequentlyD.jokingly

25.A.preparedB.lovedC.neededD.disliked

26.A.endlessB.soundlessC.valuelessD.fruitless

27.A.defeatedB.aloneC.disappointedD.upset

28.A.wayB.habitC.contributionD.practice

29.A.fightingB.sacrificeC.givingD.sport

30.A.cookingB.cleaningC.washingD.planning

31.A.planningforB.takingawayC.servingupD.wolfingdown

32.A.handmadeB.homegrownC.selfbuiltD.manmade

33.A.keepB.sellC.plantD.water

34.A.shareB.workC.dealD.fill

35.A.powerB.lifeC.helpD.love

第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題L5分，滿(mǎn)分15分)

閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

LanternFestivalfallsonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.Thisisthefirstfullmoonofthenew

year,36?(symbol)unityandperfection.LanternFestivalisanimportantpartofSpringFestivaland

37.(mark)theoffiholiday.Therehelongholiday.TherearemanylegendsconcerningtheoriginsofLantern

Festival.

Accordingtoonelegend,acelestial(天上的)swancamedowntotheworldwhereitwasshotdownbya

hunter.TheJadeEmperor,the38?(high)godinHeaven,vowedtoavenge(報(bào)復(fù))theswan.Heplannedto

sendatrooptoEarthonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth,withorderstokillallhumansandanimals.

39.theothercelestialbeingsdisagreedwiththiscourseofaction,riskingtheirlives4().(warn)thepeopleof

Earth.Asaresult,beforeandafterthefifteenthdayofthefirstmonth,everyfamily41.(hang)redlanterns

outsidetheirdoorsandsetofffirecrackersandfireworks,givingtheimpression42.theirhomeswerealready

burning.BysuccessfullytrickingtheJadeEmperorinthisway,humanitywassavedfromdeath.

Overtime,LanternFestival43.(gradual)evolvedintoitspresentform.WhenBuddhismwasintroduced

toChinaduringtheEasternHanDynasty,theemperorcommandedthatonthenightofthefullmoonofthe

firstlunarmonth,lanternsshould44?(light)tohonorBuddha,addinganewdimensiontoLanternFestival.

AndaccordingtoDaoism,LanternFestivalisassociated45.theprimitiveGoddessesofHeavenandFire,

whowerebornonthefifteenthdayofthefirstlunarmonth.

第三部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分)

第一節(jié)(滿(mǎn)分15分)

假如你是李華，申請(qǐng)去倫敦大學(xué)深造。倫敦大學(xué)來(lái)信詢(xún)問(wèn)你對(duì)選擇專(zhuān)業(yè)課的學(xué)習(xí)情況?，F(xiàn)在請(qǐng)

08/11

你以李華的身份回一封信。

內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：

L你計(jì)劃選擇的科目；

2.選擇該學(xué)科的理由；

注意：1.詞數(shù)1()0左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；

3.開(kāi)頭結(jié)尾己為你寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入詞數(shù)。

DearSir/Madam,

I'mverydelightedtohaveheardfromyou,askingabout

Thankyou.

Yoursincerely,

LiHua

第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）

閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞

數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。

LocatedinMuskegonHeights,Michigan,EdgewoodElementarySchoolhassetupacrisisresponse

systemthatgoessmoothlythere.Ithasdirectconnectionwithagenciessuchashospitals,thepolicestation.

Manyteacherstherehavegiventheirpersonalphonenumberstostudentsandfamiliesincasetheyneedextra

helpaswell.There'snodoubtthattheprimaryschoolisfamousforitsquicknessinemergencyresponse.

InthemidstoftheCOVID-19pandemic,JuliaSmithbeganwhatwasonlyhersecondyearasafirstgrade

teacherinavirtualclassroomattheschool.OneSeptemberafternoonafewweeksintotheschool,shereceived

acallfromMaryWhite,whowashavingtechnicaldifficultieswithhergranddaughter'stoolsforonline

learning.

JuliaimmediatelyknewsomethingwaswrongwithMary.Thetwowomenhadspokennumeroustimes

before,butJuliahadneverheardthegrandmothersoundquitelikethis.Herwordswereinsuchdisorderthat

Juliacouldbarelyunderstandher,thoughshewasabletomakeoutthatMaryhadfallenfourtimesthatday.

"Wasshegoingtohaveastroke（中風(fēng)）?nJuliawondered.

Juliacalledherprincipal,CharlieGreen,tellinghimherconcern.FromJulia,GreenknewthatMary'stwo

grandchildren,agedfourandsix,wereprobablyhomealonewithher—thekids*parentswerekilledinatraffic

accidentseveralyearsagoandnowshewastheirprimaryguardian.Greenassuredherthathewouldcalland

checkonMaryhimself.YetJuliastillfeltworried,soshegrabbedthehandbag,rushingout.

JustlikeJulia,GreencouldbarelyunderstandMary,buthewasabletomakeouttheword"Kids'1.Itcalled

uphismemoriesofhisownfather,whohadsufferedastroke.Greenstillvividlyrememberedthe

symptoms-suddenheadaches,confusion,differentvision,difficultyspeakingandunexpectedfalls-thathis

fatherhadexperienced."Marymustbehavingastroke,'1Greenthoughttohimself.

注意：

1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；

2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Herealizeditwasanemergency.

WhenGreenandtheothertwoteachersreachedthefamily'shomelessthantenminuteslater,seeingwhat

washappening,theysighedinrelief.