動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)

三類動(dòng)詞一、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：具有實(shí)際意義的動(dòng)詞Vi.不及物動(dòng)詞：Icome.Igo.Ifail.Iwin.Vt.及物動(dòng)詞：Itakeabook.Ilovehim.Hegivemeabook.Isendhimaletter.HemadeMaryangry.HefoundTonycrying.本身意思完整的動(dòng)詞本身意思不完整，需要添加賓語才能表達(dá)完整意思主謂賓主謂雙賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)二、系動(dòng)詞be類：am,is,are,was,were(是...)

seem,appear(似乎是）感官動(dòng)詞：sound,taste,feel,look,表變化：become,go,turn,get證明是：

prove,turnout表持續(xù)：stay,remain,keepIttastes

sweet.Itsounds

good.Shelooks

tired.Sheisanactress.Thenewsfinallyproved

(tobe)true.Theleavesturn

yellowwhentheautumniscoming.Hegot

angrywhenheheardthenews.+形容詞/名詞三、助動(dòng)詞：幫助動(dòng)詞變形，變態(tài)①be類：am,is,are,was,were②do類：

do,does,did③have類：have,has,had④will類：

will,would⑤情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：can,could,must,should

Iamreadingabook.

Doyoulikeapples?Idon'tlikeapples.Ihavelearned3000words.IwillgotoBeijingnextmonth.Icanplaybasketball.+doing/done/todo+動(dòng)詞原形+done

+動(dòng)詞原形+動(dòng)詞原形時(shí)態(tài)體現(xiàn)在句子的謂語動(dòng)詞

語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)、被動(dòng)語態(tài)

主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。

Theybuiltabridgeovertheriver.

被動(dòng)語態(tài)表示主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。

Abridgewasbuiltovertheriver(bythem).時(shí)態(tài)謂語(主動(dòng))謂語（被動(dòng)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般過去時(shí)

一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去時(shí)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

過去完成時(shí)

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞do/doesdidwilldowoulddois/am/aredoingwas/weredoinghave/hasdonehaddonecandois/am/aredonewas/weredonewillbedonewouldbedoneis/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonehave/hasbeendonehadbeendonecanbedone1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)（1）表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作Sheoftenworksattheweekend.Theyhavesevenclasseseveryday.時(shí)間狀語：1.often2.usually3.always4.never5.everyday/week/month/year6.sometimes7.seldom（2）在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，主將從現(xiàn)

IwillseeyouassoonasIgetthere.(時(shí)間狀語從句)Ifitdoesn'train,wewillgoonapicnic.(條件狀語從句)2.一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，過去經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常用作過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：1.twodaysago2.theotherday3.yesterday4.lastnight=yesterdayevening5.lastmonth/year/winter6.in20167.inMay,19878.justnow9.inthepast10.whenshewasfive11.attheageof5Shefinishedanarticlelastnight.3.一般將來時(shí)表示將來某一時(shí)段的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或?qū)砟骋欢螘r(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)常的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常用的時(shí)間狀語：1.nexttime/year/month/week2.tomorrow3.tomorrowevening4.inthefuture5.nextyear6.in+一段時(shí)間(intwodays)7.when/assoonas/if引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的主句8.in2050一般將來時(shí)的多種表示形式（1）will+doHewillbe17nextyear.（2）begoingto+doIamgoingtostayforaweek.（3）is/am/are+doing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來WeareleavingforGermanynextweek.（4）be+todo表將來（5）be+abouttodo4.過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一個(gè)時(shí)刻看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作(主要用于賓語從句)Marytoldmethatshewouldseehergrandparents.練習(xí):1.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen，andinafewminutestheactionanddialogue_______(tell)youthestory.2.Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever，thereviewsaysit____(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking，cyclingorswimming.3.We______(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.willtellishired5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）表示此時(shí)此刻正在發(fā)生的事或進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作Atthemoment,MissWangisreadingabook.Look!Abirdisflyinginthesky.常用時(shí)間狀語：l.now2.atthemoment3.rightnow4.atpresent（2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來(arrive,come,go,leave）WeareleavingforGermanynextweek.AreyoustayinginGuangzhouforaweek?6.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)間狀語：1.atthattime2.atteno'clocklastnight3.thistimeyesterday4bedoingsthwhen...Shewasreadingatthistimeyesterday.Whenyouphoned,Iwaswatchingamovie.1.She___________(play)withthecellphonewhenherbosswalkedintotheoffice.2.NextFridayIwillgotoanotherconcert.They______________(play)somethingbyMozartatthattime.3.—Hi，let’sgoskating.—Sorry，I’mbusyrightnow.I_________(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.練習(xí):wasplayingwillbeplayingamfilling7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去某時(shí)刻發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響Theyhavelostthematch.Ihavespentallofthemoney.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Ihavejustseenthefilm.Theperformancehasalreadystarted.HehasneverbeentoAmerica.Maryhasn'tfoundhercaryet.IhavelivedinBeijjingsince10yearsago.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常用時(shí)間狀語：1.just剛剛2.already已經(jīng)3.ever曾經(jīng)4.recently最近5.never從不6.yet還,仍然7.twice兩次8.sofar到目前為止9.uptonow到目前為止10.since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)（自從...）11.for+時(shí)間段(foralongtime)一段時(shí)間12.in/overthelast/past5years在過去的5年時(shí)間里8.過去完成時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”；通常以一般過去時(shí)作參照。

句中常含有：by/before+過去,bylastyear,bytheendof1998,bythetime+過去That/Itwasthefirst/second/third...time+that從句(過去完成時(shí))

is

(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))nowpastfuture一般過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)BA變式訓(xùn)練：1.BythetimeJackreturnedhomefromEngland,hisson______________(graduate)fromcollege.(2011遼寧高考)2.Whenwe_______(get)tothecinema,thefilmhadalreadybegun.3.They_____________(learn)ChineseforayearbeforetheycametoChina.4.Itwasthethirdtimethathe____________(make)thesamemistake.5.BytheShangDynasty,thesesymbols___________(become)awell-developedwritingsystem.hadgraduatedgothadlearnedhadmadehadbecome單句語法填空1．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNP____________(design)toreflecttheguidingprincipleof“protectingtheauthenticityandintegrity(完整性)ofnaturalecosystems,preservingbiologicaldiversity,protectingecologicalbufferzones,andleavingbehindpreciousnaturalassets(資產(chǎn))forfuturegenerations”．2．(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthat____(be)previouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectiv