試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁試卷第=page11頁，共=sectionpages33頁四川省成都市2021-2022學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末摸底測試（零診）英語試題學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________一、閱讀理解Fancyearningrewardsforgivingyouropinions?Norstatisofferingexactlythat.Whatareyougoingtodo?Participateinsurveyswheneveryouwantandgetrewardedforexpressingyouropinions.ByparticipatinginNorstatpanelsurveys,yougettoinfluencetheproductsandservicesofthefuture.Thispart-timejobiscompletelyflexible,andanexcellentwaytoearnmoney.Howdoesitwork?Eachsurveywillonlytakebetween5~20minutes.Itiscompletelyfreetosignup,anduptoyouwhichsurveysyouwouldliketodo.Youwillberewardedforeachcompletedsurveyandasyourespondtomoresurveys,youunlocknewbenefitsandreceivemorerewards!Completeyourprofilesurveytobeinwithachanceofwinninga＄20Amazonvoucher(代金券).Whatdoweoffer?Completingsurveyswillearnyoucoins,whichyoucanchoosetospendindifferentways.Youlivebythemotto“cashisking”?Noproblem!Youcanspendyourcoinsonauniversalgiftcardthatcanbeusedathundredsofdifferentstores!Youcanalsouseyourcoinsasadonationtowardsforestplanting.Whatdoweask?·Noeducationbackgroundisrequired.·Don’tbeafraidtogiveyourhonestopinion.There’renoincorrectanswers.·Youhaveaccesstotheinternet,amobilephoneorcomputer.·YouliveintheUK.·Noexperienceisrequired.Areyoutheperfectcandidate?Click“applynow”!1．Whatwillyoudointhejob?A．Signupwithlittlecost. B．Collectsurveys.C．Designbetterproducts. D．Giveyouropinions.2．Whichisamustforthejob?A．Amobilephone. B．AUKresidence.C．Relatedexperience. D．Collegeeducation.3．Wherecanyouprobablyreadthispassage?A．Onawebsite. B．Inamagazine.C．Inatravelguide. D．Onanoticeboard.ThestepsatthebackofDavidOlson’shouseinNortonShores,Michigan,werebreakingoffandhadtogo.SoonedaylastJuly,Olsonstartedtodosomerepairwork.Hewassurprisedtoseethatthegroundunderneathwassand,notdirt.Evenmoresurprising,therewerethreebowlingballsintheholehe’dmade.“Noway,”O(jiān)lsonsaidoutloud.Allafternoon,Olsondugoutsandandbowlingballs.AsOlsonreachedthelaststep,hecountedtheballsandwasshockedtoget158.TheballsOlsondugupareBrunswicks,abowlingproductscompanynearwhereOlsonlives.Buthowdidsomanyofthemgetintothegroundbehindhishouse?AlocalwomannamedJudyhadatheory.HerhusbandhadworkedatBrunswickfor48years,testingbowlingballstomakesuretheywerequalified.HetoldJudythatsometimeshomeownerswoulduseunqualifiedballsasfillerfortheirbackyards.Sandandbowlingballswouldn’tbelegallyaccepted,butthecombinationisstructurallysound.Mosthighwaysarebuiltusingthesamebasicprinciple,withpavement(路面)overarockfoundation.Andthatwasn’ttheendofit.WeeksafterpostinghisfindonFacebook,Olsonheardalocalrestaurantaskedtousetheballsinabowlingmatch.Inexchange,Olsonandhiswifecouldplayforfree.Neitherofthemhadbowledinyears,buttheystruggledforawinintheirfirstmatch.Thentheywonagain.AsDavidandMeganOlsonkeptwinning,theystartedtobelievethatthesebowlingballsweremorethanjustastrangebackyarddiscoverybutanamazinggift.4．WhatsurprisedOlsonmost?A．Theballsbelongedtoanearbycompany.B．Thestepsbehindhishousewerebroken.C．Thegroundunderneaththestepswassand.D．Thereweremanybowlingballsunderhisbackyard.5．WhatdoweknowaboutbowlingballsinParagraph3?A．Theyareallowedinconstructionbylaw.B．Theyareusedinbuildingmosthighways.C．Theycouldbeareasonableconstructionmaterial.D．Thequalityofbowlingballswerenottakenseriously.6．HowdidtheOlsonsfeelwhentheykeptwinningthematches?A．Confident. B．Satisfied. C．Puzzled. D．Lucky.7．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Judy’sTheory B．FamilyMattersC．AnUnexpectedDiscovery D．BowlingMatchesForalmostallofhumanhistory,theEarth'spopulationhastendedtobeyounger.ButsincethelastWorldPopulationDayonJuly11,amajorshiftoccurred:Therearenowmorepeopleaged65andolderthanthereareunderagefive.WorldPopulationDaywasestablishedbytheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramin1989tobringattentiontopopulationissues.Havingmorepeopleontheplanetisnottheonlyconcern,though,sinceapopulation'sagestructurematterstoo.Increasedlifetimeisaremarkablehumansuccessstory,buthavingmoreelderlypeoplealsocreatesanumberofsocioeconomicconcerns.Theglobalpopulationwillcontinuetoageasthesetwogroupsgrowinoppositedirections.By2100,thepercentageofthepopulationaged65andolderwillrisetonearly25percent—aboutfivetimesthatofchildrenunderfive.“Mostdevelopedcountrieshavebeenagingforacentury,givingthemtimetoprepareforthechanges.Butdevelopingcountrieswillbecomeoldbeforetheybecomerich,”saysresearcherToshikoKaneda.ManycountriesinLatinAmericaandAsiaareagingmuchfasterandhavelesstimeandresourcestopreparehealth-caresystems.Whataretheconsequencesofanolderglobalpopulation?Supportingelderlypeopleismoreexpensivethancaringforyoungones.Pressingissuesariselikehowtoprovidelong-termcare,andmaintainalaborforce.IndevelopedregionslikeEurope,where10percentofthepopulationoverage50ischildless,elderlycareisamajorworry.“Notasinglecountryhasbeenabletochangedecliningtrendsinfertility(生育)despitegovernmentrequestsforpeopletoreproduceashasbeendoneacrossEuropeandinJapan,”Kanedasays.“Theagingtrendiscontinuous.”Butdecliningfertilityratescanhavepositiveeffectstoo,saysKaneda.Whenfertilityratesdeclinebutthepopulationhasn'tagedyet,governmentscanspendmoreonsecondaryandhighereducation,andbenefittheeconomy.BothThailandandSouthKoreahaveseizedtheopportunityduringthisidealperiod.8．Whatdoweknowabouttheglobalpopulation?A．Ittendedtobeyoungeruntilnow.B．Peoplearelivinglongerandhavingfewerkids.C．Agestructuremattersmorethanpopulationsize.D．Developedcountriesarefacingtougherchallenges.9．Whichchartshowstheglobaltrendinthepercentageofchildrenunderfive?A． B．C． D．10．What'sKaneda'sattitudetowardstheglobalpopulationissue?A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Optimistic. D．Doubtful.11．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Thedecliningtrendinthefertilityrates.B．Theconsequencesoftheagingpopulation.C．TheestablishmentofWorldPopulationDay.D．Thepresentsituationoftheglobalpopulation.Agemaybejustanumber,butit’sanumberthatoftencarriesunwantedsideeffects,fromfragilebonesandweakermusclestoincreasedrisksofheartdiseaseandcancer.Now,scientistsattheSalkInstitutehaveshownthattheycansafelyandeffectivelyreversetheagingprocessinmiddle-agedandelderlymicebypartiallyresettingtheircellstomoreyouthfulstates.Aslivingcreaturesage,itisnotjusttheiroutwardappearancesandhealththatchange;everycellintheirbodiescarriesamolecularclock(分子鐘)thatrecordsthepassageoftime.CellsfromolderpeopleoranimalshavedifferentpatternsofchemicalsalongtheirDNA,calledepigeneticmarkers(表觀遺傳標(biāo)志物),comparedtoyoungerpeopleoranimals.Scientistsknowthataddingamixtureoffourreprogrammingmolecules—alsoknownas“Yamanakafactors”—tocellscanresettheseepigeneticmarkerstotheiroriginalpatterns.Thisapproachishowresearcherscandialbackadultcells,developmentallyspeaking,intostemcells(干細(xì)胞).Inthenewstudy,IzpisuaBelmonte,aprofessorinSalk’sGeneExpressionLaboratory,andhiscolleaguestestedvariationsoftheapproachinhealthyanimalsastheyaged.ThefirstgroupofmicereceivedtheYamanakafactorsfromthetimetheywere15monthsolduntil22months,approximatelyequaltoage50through70inhumans.Anothergroupwastreatedfrom12through22months,approximatelyage35to70inhumans.Andathirdgroupwastreatedforjustonemonthatage25months,similartoage80inhumans.“Whatwereallywantedtoestablishwasthatusingthisapproachforalongertimeissafe,”saysBelmonte.“Indeed,wedidnotseeanynegativeeffectsonthehealth,behaviororbodyweightoftheseanimals.”Comparedtocontrolanimals,therewerenobloodcellchangesinthemicethathadreceivedtheYamanakafactors.Moreover,theteamfoundnocancersinanyofthegroupsofanimals.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reverse”inParagraph1probablymean?A．Maintain. B．Start. C．Change. D．Quicken.13．WhatdoweknowabouttheYamanakafactors?A．Theyconsistoffourreprogrammingmolecules.B．Theycanturnepigeneticmarkersintostemcells.C．Theyhavebeenappliedtolowertheriskofheartdisease.D．TheywerediscoveredbyIzpisuaBelmonteandhiscolleagues.14．WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A．Thepurposeofthestudy. B．Theprocedureofthestudy.C．Thebackgroundofthestudy. D．Thesignificanceofthestudy.15．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Toreporttheresultofacancerstudy.B．Tointroduceacureforagingdiseases.C．Toinformabreakthroughingeneresearch.D．Toexplaintheprocessofkeepingmiceyoung.二、七選五GoodWaystoLearnaForeignLanguageTherearemanywaystolearnaforeignlanguage.___16___Thefollowingarethreeagreeduponstandardlanguagelearningstyles.Immersionlearning(沉浸式學(xué)習(xí)).___17___Themostcommonmethodistovisitacountryforalongperiodoftimeandlearnyourdesiredlanguagenaturallythroughbeingforcedtolearntocommunicatewithyourcommunity.Anothermethodistouseaforeignlanguageapponthe“foreign”setting.___18___Casuallearning.Thistechniqueisverypopularamongeducatorsandstudents.___19___Itisusinganapptofamiliarizeyourselfwithbasicvocabulary,phrases,andcontextofalanguage.Thisencouragesyoutohaveforeignlanguageawarenessinyournativesurroundings,andusewhatyouhavelearnedtocommunicate.Peer-to-Peerlanguagelearning.Comparedtoothers,thisisanewertrend,especiallyforadultlanguagelearning.P2Ptechniquemeansemployinganativespeakertoexploreyourcommunitywithyouandhaveconversationsaboutwhatyouareseeinganddoing.___20___Butitdoesinvolvesomebasicmemorizationtechniquesbeforeyouareatastartingpointtobeginworkingwithyourindividualteacher.A．Sowhatiscasuallearning?B．Butwhentoperformcasuallearning?C．Thisissimilartoimmersionlearning.D．Thistechniquecanbeusedinmultipleways.E．Learningaforeignlanguagerequirespatience.F．Thebesttechniquestolearnnewlanguagesarestillunderdebate.G．Throughit,youcanreceivelessonsonlyinthelanguageofyourchoice.三、完形填空PorrasandherdaughterElenahavebeentakingweightliftingclassestogetherforfiveyears,thoughElenaisparalyzed(癱瘓)fromthewaistdown.WhenElenawasborn,shewasdiagnosedwithacancerwhich___21___fromimmaturenervecells.Thisresultedinher___22___towalk.Porraswasinsucha(n)___23___thatsheneededtoseeapsychiatrist(精神科醫(yī)生)herself.Shewas___24___tocreatealong-termplanforlifeandstart___25___.Alocalhealthclubtrainerrecommendedweightlifting.OncePorrasstartedattendingthestrengthtrainingclasses,she___26___Elenawithher,“Shesawmebecome___27___againandstarttohavemycommunity.Iwantedhertobeapartofthat,too.”NowElenadoes___28___trainingwithhermom.Together,theyhavebecomestronger,bothmentallyandphysically.Outoftheirexpectation,amiracle___29___.Monthsago,Porraswasaboutto___30___Elenaintothecarfromherwheelchair,buthadtogobackto___31___thedoor.“WhenIturnedaroundandfoundherinthefrontseat,Iwas___32___.”Porrassaid.“Igotinbymyself,Mom...I’m___33___likeyou.”saidElena.Today,Elenaisinasurvivorshipclinicand___34___numerousteststogetherhealth___35___.However,asElenagetsolder,theyhavetofacemore___36___.Luckily,allofherefforts___37___.“EachyearIfindmyselfmore___38___andmentallystronger,”saidPorras.Meanwhile,Elena’sworkoutshave___39___hergrowth.“Youcanbehappyorsad,butI___40___tobehappy.”saidElena.21．A．excused B．drew C．suffered D．developed22．A．inability B．potential C．power D．reaction23．A．silence B．depression C．fear D．a(chǎn)nger24．A．ordered B．warned C．a(chǎn)dvised D．determined25．A．dieting B．exercising C．learning D．recovering26．A．trained B．replaced C．bothered D．brought27．A．happy B．weak C．proud D．emotional28．A．a(chǎn)bility B．skill C．strength D．will29．A．began B．ended C．a(chǎn)waited D．a(chǎn)rose30．A．push B．carry C．guide D．rush31．A．fix B．lock C．a(chǎn)nswer D．remove32．A．interested B．delighted C．a(chǎn)stonished D．frightened33．A．smart B．fast C．flexible D．strong34．A．sets B．passes C．undergoes D．runs35．A．monitored B．done C．improved D．covered36．A．interruption B．chances C．a(chǎn)ttention D．challenges37．A．takeoff B．carryon C．payoff D．setup38．A．capable B．efficient C．a(chǎn)mbitious D．creative39．A．witnessed B．checked C．delayed D．forced40．A．deserve B．choose C．mean D．try四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Fordecades,schooleducation___41___(lay)toomuchemphasisonthescoreonegetsinexamsandignoredotheraspectsofchildren's___42___(person)developmentsuchasphysicaleducationandbasiclifeskills.Partlyasaresultofthis,manyyoungpeopleare___43___(able)tocookasimplemeal,can'tmanagetheirtimeortheirfinanceswell,anddon'tknowhowtodothelaundryorbasichousekeeping.Inarecently___44___(announce)planoncompulsoryeducation,theMinistryofEducationhasseparated“practicalactivities”___45___thepreviouscourse“comprehensivepractice"andmadethemanindependentcourse.InthecomingsemesterinSeptember,primaryandsecondaryschoolpupilswillfind___46___new“practicalactivities”courseintheirschedule,withatleastoneclasshoureveryweek.Somecomplainthatmuchofpupils'timeandenergymight___47___(occupy),butthefactis___48___learningpracticalskillsisanimportantelementinshapingaperson's