,.第一部分選擇題I.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.Decide感謝閱讀whichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputthe感謝閱讀letterA,B,CorDinthebrackets.(2%×10=20%)感謝閱讀1、Asmodernlinguisticsaimstodescribeandanalyzethelanguagepeopleactually感謝閱讀use,andnottolaydownrulesfor"correct"linguisticbehavior,精品文檔放心下載itissaidtobe___.A、prescriptiveB、sociolinguisticC、descriptiveD、psycholinguistic2、Ofallthespeechorgans,the___is/arethemostflexible.精品文檔放心下載A、mouthB、lipsC、tongueD、vocalcords3、Themorpheme"vision"inthecommonword"television"isa(n)___.精品文檔放心下載A、boundmorpheme,.B、boundformC、inflectionalmorphemeD、freemorpheme4、A___intheembeddedclausereferstotheintroductorywordthat謝謝閱讀introducestheembeddedclause.謝謝閱讀A、coordinatorB、particleC、prepositionD、subordinator主從連詞5、"CanIborrowyourbike?"___"Youhaveabike."感謝閱讀A、issynonymouswithB、isinconsistentwithC、entailsD、presupposes6、Thebranchoflinguisticsthatstudieshowcontextinfluencesthewayspeakers感謝閱讀interpretsentencesiscalled___.感謝閱讀A、semanticsB、pragmaticsC、sociolinguistics,.D、psycholinguistics7、Grammaticalchangesmaybeexplained,inpart,asanalogicchanges,whichare感謝閱讀___orgeneralization泛化.A、elaborationB、simplification精簡C、externalborrowingD、internalborrowing8、___referstoamarginallanguageoffewlexicalitemsandstraightforward感謝閱讀grammaticalrules,usedasamediumofcommunication.精品文檔放心下載A、Linguafranca通用語B、CreoleC、PidginD、Standardlanguage標(biāo)準(zhǔn)語言9、Psychologists,neurologistsandlinguistshaveconcludedthat,inadditiontothe精品文檔放心下載motorareawhichisresponsibleforphysicalarticulationofutterances,threeareas精品文檔放心下載oftheleftbrainarevitaltolanguage,namely,___.感謝閱讀A、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandtheangulargyrus角回謝謝閱讀B、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandcerebralcortex感謝閱讀,.C、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandneurons精品文檔放心下載D、Broca'sarea,Wernicke'sareaandExner'sarea感謝閱讀10、AccordingtoKrashen,___referstothegradualandsubconciousdevelopment感謝閱讀ofabilityinthefirstlanguagebyusingitnaturallyindailycommunicativesituations.謝謝閱讀A、learningB、competenceC、performanceD、acquisition第二部分非選擇題Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethe感謝閱讀lettergiven.(1%×10=10%)11、Chomskydefines"competence"astheidealuser'sk oftherulesofhis感謝閱讀language.12、Thefoursounds/p/,/b/,/m/and/w/haveonefeatureincommon,i.e,theyare感謝閱讀allb .13、Misabranchofgrammarwhichstudiestheinternalstructureofwordsandthe謝謝閱讀,.rulesbywhichwordsareformed.謝謝閱讀14、As isastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesanumberof感謝閱讀wordstoformacompletestatement,questionorcommand.謝謝閱讀15、Synonymsthataremutuallysubstitutableunderallcircumstancesarecalled精品文檔放心下載c synonyms.16、Theillocutionarypointofristocommitthespeakerto謝謝閱讀something'sbeingthecase,tothetruthofwhathasbeensaid.精品文檔放心下載17、Wordsarecreatedoutrighttofitsomepurpose.Suchamethodofenlargingthe精品文檔放心下載vocabularyisknownaswordc .感謝閱讀18、Whereverthestandardlanguagecanuseacontraction(he+is→he's),Black精品文檔放心下載Englishcand theformof"be".謝謝閱讀19、Thebasicessentialsofthefirstlanguageareacquiredintheshortperiodfrom精品文檔放心下載aboutagetwotopuberty,whichiscalledthec periodforfirstlanguage謝謝閱讀acquisition.20、Asatypeoflinguisticsystemin12learning,i isaproductofL2training,精品文檔放心下載,.mothertongueintereference,overgeneralizationofthetargetlanguagerules,and感謝閱讀learningandcommunicativestrategiesofthelearner.感謝閱讀Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.(2%×10=20%)謝謝閱讀()21、Inmodernlinguisticstudies,thewrittenformoflanguageisgivenmore謝謝閱讀emphasisthanthespokenformforanumberofreasons.感謝閱讀()22、Voicingisaphonologicalfeaturethatdistinguishesmeaninginboth謝謝閱讀ChineseandEnglish.()23、Thecompoundword"bookstore"istheplacewherebooksaresold.This感謝閱讀indicatesthatthemeaningofacompoundisthesumtotalofthemeanings謝謝閱讀ofitscomponents.()24、Syntacticcategoriesrefertosentences(S)andclauses(C)only.感謝閱讀()25、Dialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialects精品文檔放心下載suchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefoundwithin感謝閱讀,.thevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmerican精品文檔放心下載English.()26、OnlywhenamaximunderCooperativePrincipleisblatantlyviolated精品文檔放心下載andthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversational感謝閱讀implicaturesarise.()27、TheterritoryinwhichtheIndo-Europeanlanguagesaremainlyspoken感謝閱讀todayalsoincludeslanguagesthatarenotIndo-European.精品文檔放心下載()28、Inmostbilingualcommunities,twolanguageshavethesameinspeech精品文檔放心下載situationsknownasdomains.感謝閱讀()29、AccordingtothestrongversionoftheSapir-Whorfhypothesis,感謝閱讀speakers'perceptionsdeterminelanguageandpatterntheirwayoflife.謝謝閱讀()30、Allnormalchildrenhaveequalabilitytoacquiretheirfirst感謝閱讀language.IV.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesfor謝謝閱讀illustration.(3%×10=30%)31、duality,.32、diachroniclinguistics33、broadtranscription34、morphologicalrules35、phrasestructurerule36、relationalopposites37、componentialanalysis38、context39、euphemism40、brainlateralizationV.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%×2=20%)精品文檔放心下載41、Explainhowtheinventoryofsoundscanchange,givingsomeexamplesin精品文檔放心下載Englishforillustration.42、Brieflydiscusstheindividualfactorswhichaffecttheacquisitionof謝謝閱讀asecondlanguage.英語語言學(xué)試題（2）一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(在每小題的四個(gè)備選答案中，選出一個(gè)正確答案，并將正確答案的序號(hào)填謝謝閱讀在題干的括號(hào)內(nèi)。每小題2分，共20分)1.Thepairofwords“l(fā)end”and“borrow”are___.( )精品文檔放心下載,.A.gradableoppositesC.co-hyponyms感謝閱讀

B.relationaloppositesD.synonyms2.ThediscoveryofIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkofthe謝謝閱讀Britishscholar .( )A.JacobGrimm B.RasmusRask謝謝閱讀C.FranzBopp D.SirWilliamJones精品文檔放心下載3.Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas__.(謝謝閱讀A.unusual B.somethingtobefeared謝謝閱讀C.abnormal D.natural

)4.__producefastandfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciationbutthe感謝閱讀content of their speech ranges from mildly inappropriate to complete謝謝閱讀nonsense,oftenasunintelligible.( )精品文檔放心下載A.Broca'saphasic B.Thelinguisticdeprivation謝謝閱讀C.Thedamageontheangulargyrus D.Wernicke'saphasic感謝閱讀5.SomeSouthernlearnersofEnglishinChinatendtosay“night”as“l(fā)ight”.This感謝閱讀shows: .( )A.Theycannotpronounce/n/感謝閱讀B.Interlangueinterferencebecausethereisnotthesound/n/intheirmother感謝閱讀,.tongueC.Theteachersdonothaveagoodteachingmethod謝謝閱讀D.Theydonotliketopronouncenasalsounds精品文檔放心下載6.Awordwithseveralmeaningsiscalled__word.( )謝謝閱讀A.apolysemous B.asynonymous C.anabnormal D.amultiple謝謝閱讀7.Thefunctionofthesentence“Aniceday,isn'tit?”is__.(A.informativeB.phaticC.directiveD.performative謝謝閱讀

)8.ThemostrecognizabledifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish感謝閱讀arein__andvocabulary.( )謝謝閱讀A.usage B.grammar

C.pronunciation

D.structure9.__deals with the way in which a language varies through geographical感謝閱讀space.( )A.LinguisticgeographyC.Lexicography

B.LexicologyD.Sociolinguistics10.Thesemanticcomponentsoftheword“gentleman”canbeexpressedas精品文檔放心下載__.( )A.+animate,+male,+human,-adult謝謝閱讀,.B.+animate,+male,+human,+adult謝謝閱讀C.+animate,-male,+human,-adult精品文檔放心下載D.+animate,-male,+human,+adult精品文檔放心下載二、填空題(每空1分，共10分)11.Asentenceisastructurallyindependentunitthatusuallycomprisesanumberof精品文檔放心下載w________toformacompletestatement,q________orcommand.感謝閱讀12.Insociolinguisticstudies,speakersaretreatedasmembersofs__g________.謝謝閱讀13.Utteranceisbasedon________________;itistherealizationoftheabstract感謝閱讀meaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunication,orsimplyinacontext.精品文檔放心下載14.Tomanypeople,alinguististhesameasa________,onewhocanspeakseveral精品文檔放心下載languagesfluently.15.Consonantsoundscanbeeitherv________orv__,whileallvowelsoundsare謝謝閱讀v________.三、判斷說明題(判斷下列各小題，正確的在題后括號(hào)內(nèi)寫“T”，錯(cuò)的寫“F”，并說明理由。精品文檔放心下載每小題2分，共20分),.16.Allwordsmaybesaidtocontainarootmorpheme.( )感謝閱讀17.Tenseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyof感謝閱讀meaning.( )18.Linguisticsisthecourseoflanguage.( )謝謝閱讀19.Thepartofasentencewhichcompriesecomprisesaninfiniteverboraverb謝謝閱讀phraseisgrammaticallycalledpredicate.( )謝謝閱讀20.Historicallinguisticsequalstothestudyofsynchronicstudy.( )謝謝閱讀21.Thetermdialect,asatechnicalterminlinguistics,carriesvaluejudgementand精品文檔放心下載notsimplyreferstoadistinctformoflanguage.( )精品文檔放心下載22.Morphologyistranslatedas形態(tài)學(xué)。( )感謝閱讀23.Theword“photographically”ismadeupof4morphemes.( )謝謝閱讀24.Thesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguageisallomorph.( )謝謝閱讀25.Semanticsisthemainpartoflinguistics.( )謝謝閱讀,.四、名詞解釋(每小題3分，共30分)26.generallinguistics27.suprasegmentalfeatures謝謝閱讀28.rootandstem29.hierarchicalstructure30.namingtheoryandconceptualistview感謝閱讀31.maximsofqualityandmanner精品文檔放心下載32.blending33.sociolect34.subvocalspeech35.contrastiveanalysis五、論述題(每小題10分，共20分)36.Paraphraseeachofthefollowingsentencesintwodifferentwaystoshowthe謝謝閱讀syntacticrulesaccountfortheambiguityofsentences.精品文檔放心下載(1)Theshootingofthehuntersmightbeterrible.精品文檔放心下載(2)Hesawyoungmenandwomenpresent.謝謝閱讀(3)Theyweresurprisedatthepresident'sappointment.謝謝閱讀37.Decidethemeaningofthefollowingaffixesandgiveeachaffixtwoexamples.感謝閱讀,.re-un-anti-super--wise-itis-ize-age英語語言學(xué)試題（3）第一部分選擇題Ⅰ.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.Decidewhich感謝閱讀oneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,C精品文檔放心下載orDinthebrackets.(2%×10=20%)精品文檔放心下載1.Thefactthatdifferentlanguageshavedifferentwordsforthesameobjectisgood精品文檔放心下載proofthathumanlanguageis______.感謝閱讀A.arbitrary B.non-arbitrary精品文檔放心下載C.logical D.non-productive感謝閱讀2.AllthebackvowelsinEnglisharepronouncedwithrounded-lips,i.e.rounded,精品文檔放心下載,.EXCEPT______.3.Thelevelofsyntacticrepresentationthatexistsbeforemovementtakesplaceis精品文檔放心下載commonlytermedthe______.精品文檔放心下載A.phrasestructure B.surfacestructure感謝閱讀C.syntacticstructure D.deepstructure感謝閱讀4.Thetheoryof______accountsforthefactthatnounphrasesappearonlyin精品文檔放心下載subjectandobjectpositions.精品文檔放心下載A.CaseCondition B.AdjacentCondition感謝閱讀C.parameter D.Adjacentparameters謝謝閱讀5.Thephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameformis感謝閱讀called______.A.polysemy B.hyponymyC.antonymy D.homonymy6.The utterance "We're already working 25 hours a day,eight days a謝謝閱讀week."obviouslyviolatesthemaximof______.精品文檔放心下載A.quality B.quantity C.relation D.manner精品文檔放心下載7.Infirstlanguageacquisitionchildrenusually______grammaticalrulesfromthe精品文檔放心下載,.linguisticinformationtheyhear.精品文檔放心下載A.use B.acceptC.generalize D.reconstruct謝謝閱讀8.Standardization known as ______ is necessary in order to facilitate謝謝閱讀communications.A.languageinterpretation B.languageidentification精品文檔放心下載C.languagechoice D.languageplanning感謝閱讀9.Whichofthefollowingchoicesisnotthekeybiologicalbasisforhumanlanguage謝謝閱讀acquisition?______.A.Cerebralcortex B.Neurons感謝閱讀C.Eyes D.Angulargyrus10.Basicallyallthefollowingcategoriesexcept______arealwaysmissinginthe謝謝閱讀children'stelegraphicspeechstage.精品文檔放心下載A.thecopulaverb"be" B.inflectionalmorphemes感謝閱讀C.functionwords D.contentwords謝謝閱讀第二部分非選擇題Ⅱ.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithone精品文檔放心下載,.word,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.Notethatyouaretofill感謝閱讀inONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1%×謝謝閱讀10=10%)11.Languageexistsintimeandchangesthroughtime.Thedescriptionofa精品文檔放心下載languageatsomepointoftimeiscalleda_s_______studyoflanguage.感謝閱讀12.Anessentialdifferencebetweenconsonantsandvowelsiswhethertheair感謝閱讀comingupfromthelungsmeetswithany_o________whenasoundisproduced.精品文檔放心下載13.Themorphemesthatcannotbeusedbythemselves,butmustbecombinedwith感謝閱讀othermorphemestoformwordsarecalled_b________morphemes.精品文檔放心下載14.XPmaycontainmorethanjustX.Forexample,theNP"theboywholikeshis感謝閱讀puppy"consistsofDet,NandS,withDetbeingthe_s________,NtheheadandSthe感謝閱讀complement.15.AccordingtoSearle'sclassificationofillocutionaryacts,"tosuggestthat感謝閱讀someoneshouldseethedoctor"shouldfallintothecategoryof_d________.精品文檔放心下載16.Hyponymyistherelationshipwhichobtainsbetweenspecificandgenerallexical精品文檔放心下載items.Thewordthatismoregeneralinmeaningiscalled_s________.精品文檔放心下載,.17.Vowelscanbenasalized.Thevowelnasalizationruleisan_a________精品文檔放心下載rule,which,forthemostpart,iscausedbyarticulatoryorphysiologicalprocessin謝謝閱讀whichsuccessivesoundsaremadeidentical,ormoresimilar,tooneanother.感謝閱讀18.Onemarkofaninformalstyleisthefrequentoccurrenceof_s________wordsand謝謝閱讀expressions,whichmakesenseonlytothepeopleofparticularsocialgroupsand精品文檔放心下載serveasamarkofmembershipandsolidaritywithinagivensocialgroup.謝謝閱讀19.Thebrainisdividedintotworoughlysymmetricalhalves,called_h________,one謝謝閱讀ontherightandoneontheleft.感謝閱讀20.Linguistsoftenusethetermnativelanguageormothertongueinsteadoffirst謝謝閱讀language,and_t________languageinsteadofsecondlanguageinsecondlanguage精品文檔放心下載acquisitionliterature.Ⅲ.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.謝謝閱讀PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyou感謝閱讀thinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethe精品文檔放心下載correctversion.(2%×10=20%)感謝閱讀21.( )Humancapacityforlanguagehasageneticbasis,i.e.weareallbornwith感謝閱讀,.theabilitytoacquirelanguageandthedetailsofalanguagesystemaregenetically謝謝閱讀transmitted.22.( )Ageneraldifferencebetweenphoneticsandphonologyisthatphoneticsis感謝閱讀focusedontheproductionofspeechsoundswhilephonologyismoreconcerned精品文檔放心下載withhowspeechsoundsdistinguishmeaning.感謝閱讀23.( )Onlywordsofthesamepartsofspeechcanbecombinedtoform謝謝閱讀compounds.24.( )Sentencesarenotformedbyrandomlycombininglexicalitems,butby感謝閱讀followingasetofsyntacticrulesthatarrangelinguisticelementsinaparticular謝謝閱讀order.25.( )Thesamesemanticfeatureoccursinonepartofspeechonly.Forexample,精品文檔放心下載"female"occursonlyinnounssuchas"mother","woman""girl""tigress"andsoon感謝閱讀butnotinotherpartsofspeech.精品文檔放心下載26.( )AccordingtoSearle'sclassificationofillocutionaryacts,inviting,ordering,感謝閱讀advising,promisingandapologizingallfallintothecategoryofdirectives.精品文檔放心下載27.( )Newwordsmaybeformedfromexistingwordsbysubtractinganaffix精品文檔放心下載thoughttobepartoftheoldword;thatis,ignorancesometimescanbecreative.謝謝閱讀,.Thus"peddle"wasderivedfrom"peddler"onthemistakenassumptionthatthe感謝閱讀"-er"wastheagentivesuffix.精品文檔放心下載28.( )WomeninWesterncountriesatleastappeartobemorestatus-conscious精品文檔放心下載andsensitivetothesocialsignificanceofcertainlinguisticvariables.謝謝閱讀29.( )ThecaseofGenieconfirmsthatthelanguagefacultyofanaveragehuman感謝閱讀degeneratesafterthecriticalperiodandconsequently,mostlinguisticskillscannot謝謝閱讀develop.30.( )Consciousknowledgeoflinguisticrulesdoesensureacquisitionoftherules感謝閱讀andthereforeanimmediateguidanceforactualperformance.謝謝閱讀Ⅳ.Directions:Explainthefollowingterms,usingoneortwoexamplesfor精品文檔放心下載illustration.(3%×10=30%)31.narrowtranscription32.stem33.derivationalaffixes34.grammaticalrelation35.predication,.36.semanticnarrowing37.nonstandardlanguages38.linguistictaboo39.angularerlanguageⅤ.Answerthefollowingquestions.(10%×2=20%)感謝閱讀41.Explainwithexamplesthethreenotionsofphone,phonemeandallophone,and感謝閱讀alsohowtheyarerelated.精品文檔放心下載英語語言學(xué)試題（5）一、單項(xiàng)選擇題(在每小題的四個(gè)備選答案中，選出一個(gè)正確答案，并將正確答案的序號(hào)填感謝閱讀在題干的括號(hào)內(nèi)。每小題2分，共20分)1.Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisa(A.comparativeB.diachronicC.up-to-dateD.descriptive謝謝閱讀

)study.2.Ofthethreebranchesofphonetics, thelongestestablished,anduntilrecently感謝閱讀themosthighlydeveloped,is( )phonetics.感謝閱讀A.auditory B.acoustic,.C.articulatory D.noneoftheabovethree精品文檔放心下載Whattheelement‘-es’indicatesisthirdpersonsingular,presenttense,theelement‘-ed’pasttense,and‘-ing’progressiveaspect.Sincetheyarethe精品文檔放心下載smallestunitoflanguageandmeaningful,theyarealso().A.phonemesB.morphemesC.allophonesD.phones精品文檔放心下載4.Sinceearly1980sNoamChomskyandothergeneratvielinguistsproposedand感謝閱讀developedatheoryofuniversalgrammarknownasthe( )theory.謝謝閱讀A.speechact B.TGC.principles-and-parameters D.minimalistprogramme精品文檔放心下載5.Onewaytoanalyzelexicalmeaningis( ).精品文檔放心下載A.predicationanalysis B.stylisticanalysis精品文檔放心下載C.componentialanalysis D.propositionanalysis謝謝閱讀6.Ofthethreespeechacts,linguistsaremostinterestedinthe(kindofspeechactisidenticalwiththespeaker’sintention.A.locutionaryactB.illocutionaryactC.perlocutionaryactD.constativeact謝謝閱讀

)becausethis,.7.ThediscoveryofIndo-Europeanlanguagefamilybeganwiththeworkofthe精品文檔放心下載Britishscholar( ).A.SirWilliamJones B.JohnFirth精品文檔放心下載C.M.A.K.Halliday D.F.D.Saussure謝謝閱讀8.Abilingualspeakeroftenusestwolanguagesalternativelyduringaconversation精品文檔放心下載withanotherbilingualspeaker,aspeechsituationknownas( ).精品文檔放心下載A.discourserole-switching B.activityrole-switching謝謝閱讀C.socialrole-switching D.code-switching謝謝閱讀9.AfocalpointofSLAresearchhasbeenthenatureanddevelopmentofL2謝謝閱讀learners’( ).A.secondlanguage B.firstlanguage感謝閱讀C.foreignlanguage D.interlanguage謝謝閱讀10.ItisestimatedthatthenumberofbasicwordsknownbyEnglish-speaking精品文檔放心下載schoolchildrenofagesixisaround( ).謝謝閱讀A.7800B.6800C.5800D.4800二、填空題(每小題1分，共10分)11.Thedescriptionofalanguageatsomepointintimeisas________study.謝謝閱讀,.Whenpitch,stressandsoundlengtharetiedtothesentenceratherthanthewordinisolation,theyarecollectivelyknownasi________.感謝閱讀Accordingtoitspositioninthenewword,a________aredividedintotwokinds:prefixesandsuffixes.精品文檔放心下載P________referstothephenomenonthatthesamewordmayhaveasetofdifferentmeanings.謝謝閱讀Whetherasentenceissemanticallymeaningfulisgovernedbyrulescalled謝謝閱讀s________restrictions.Theu________meaningofthesentencevarieswiththecontextinwhichitisuttered.感謝閱讀Someimportantmissionsofhistoricallinguistsaretoidentifyandclassifyfamiliesofrelatedlanguagesinagenealogicalfamilytree,andtoreconstructthep________,theoriginalformofalanguagefamilythathasceasedtoexist.感謝閱讀R________arelanguagevarietiesappropriateforuseinparticularspeechsituations.感謝閱讀,.LearnerswillsubconsciouslyusetheirL1knowledgeinlearningasecondlanguage.Thisisknownaslanguaget________.精品文檔放心下載ArelatedissuewithintegrativemotivationhasbeentheextenttowhichlearnersdifferintheprocessofadaptingtothenewcultureoftheL2community.Thisadaptationprocessiscalleda________.精品文檔放心下載三、判斷說明題(判斷下列各題，正確的在題干后面的括號(hào)內(nèi)填“T”，錯(cuò)誤的填“F”，并說感謝閱讀明理由。每小題2分，共20分)21.Modernlinguisticsismainlydiachronic.()22.Theassimilationruleassimilatesonesoundtoanotherby“copying”afeatureofasequentialphoneme,thusmakingthetwophonessimilar.()23.Semantically,themeaningofacompoundisoftenidiomatic,alwaysbeingthesumtotalofthemeaningsofitscomponents.()Syntacticmovementisdictatedbyrulestraditionallycalledtransformationalrules,whoseoperationmaychangethesyntacticrepresentationofasentence.精品文檔放心下載()Componentialanalysisisawayproposedbythegenerativesemanticiststo謝謝閱讀analyzemeaning.( )26.Linguistsfoundthatitwouldbepossibletogiveanadequatedescriptionof謝謝閱讀meaningevenifthecontextoflanguageusewasleftunconsidered.( )感謝閱讀,.27.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguageisdividedintotheperiodsofOldEnglish,MiddleEnglishandModernEnglish.()28.Whenpeopleofacommunityspeakthesamelanguagefordifferentpurposes,sociolinguisticsituationsknownasdiglossiaandbilingualismemerge.()29.Linguisticlateralizationintermsofrighthemisphericdominanceforlanguageisfoundtoexistinanoverwhelmingmajorityofhumanbeings.()30.Inordertoidentifytheareasoflearningdifficulty,aninterlingualcontrastiveprocedureContrastiveAnalysiswasdeveloped.()四、名詞解釋(每小題3分，共30分)competenceandperformance謝謝閱讀minimalpairmorphologyfiniteclausesenseandreferenceCooperativePrinciplesemanticbroadeninglanguageplanningthecriticalperiodhypothesis精品文檔放心下載instrumentalmotivationvs.integrativemotivation謝謝閱讀,.五、論述題(第41、42小題各7分，第43小題6分，共20分)精品文檔放心下載Underwhatconditionswilltwosoundsbeassignedtothesamephoneme?謝謝閱讀Forthefollowingsentence,drawatreediagramtorevealitsunderlyingstructure.精品文檔放心下載Thegirlatetheorange.StudythepassagetakenfromShakespeare’sHAMLETbelowcarefullyandidentifyeverydifferenceinexpressionbetweenElizabethanandModernEnglishthatisevident.感謝閱讀King:WhereisPolonius?Hamlet:Inheaven,Sendthithertosee.Ifyourmessengerfindhimnotthere,seekhimi’theotherplaceyourself.Butindeed,ifyoufindhimnotwithinthismonth,youshallnosehimasyou感謝閱讀goupthestairsintothelobby.感謝閱讀ActIV,Sceneiii英語語言學(xué)試題（6）Ⅰ.Directions:Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.Decidewhich精品文檔放心下載oneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA,B,C感謝閱讀orDinthebrackets.(2%×10=20%)謝謝閱讀,.1.Chomskyusestheterm( )torefertotheactualrealizationofalanguage精品文檔放心下載user’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinlinguisticcommunication.謝謝閱讀A.langue B.competenceC.parole D.performance2.Intermsoftheplaceofarticulation,thefollowingsounds[t][d][s][z][n]sharethe謝謝閱讀featureof().A.palatalB.alveolarC.bilabialD.dental3.TransformationalGenerativeGrammarwasintroducedby()in1957.A.L.BloomfieldB.F.SaussureC.N.ChomskyD.M.A.K.Halliday4.Naturallanguagesareviewedtovaryaccordingto( )setonUGprinciplesto精品文檔放心下載particularvalues.A.AdjacentCondition B.parameters感謝閱讀C.CaseCondition D.Caserequirement謝謝閱讀5.Synonymsareclassifiedintoseveralkinds.Thekindtowhich“girl”and“l(fā)ass”謝謝閱讀,.belongiscalled( )synonyms.感謝閱讀A.stylistic B.dialectalC.emotive D.collocational感謝閱讀6.Theillocutionarypointof( )istoexpressthepsychologicalstatespecifiedin謝謝閱讀theutterance.A.representatives B.commissives精品文檔放心下載C.expressives D.declaratives精品文檔放心下載7.ModernEnglishwordsman,woman,child,eat,fight,ect.originatefrom(謝謝閱讀A.MiddleEnglish B.OldEnglish精品文檔放心下載C.French D.NormanFrench謝謝閱讀

).Inadiglossiccountry,thetwodiglossicformsofalanguagearegenerallytwovarietiesofthesamelanguage,buttherearesituationsinwhichtheH-varietymay精品文檔放心下載haveno( )relationshipwiththeL-variety.感謝閱讀A.genetic B.socialC.direct D.close9.Manyaphasicsdonotshowtotallanguageloss.Rather,differentaspectsof感謝閱讀languageareimpaired.Aphasicsin( )arearevealword-findingdifficultiesand感謝閱讀problemswithsyntax.,.A.Werniker’s B.visualC.motor D.Broca’s10.( )motivationoccurswhenthelearnerdesirestolearnasecondlanguagein精品文檔放心下載ordertocommunicatewithnativespeakersofthetargetlanguage.精品文檔放心下載A.Instrumental B.Functional謝謝閱讀C.Integrative D.SocialⅡ.Directions:Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithone謝謝閱讀word,thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.Notethatyouaretofill感謝閱讀inONEwordonly,andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.(1％×感謝閱讀10=10％)Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itissaidtobe感謝閱讀d_____.Stops,fricatives,affricates,liquids,andglidesallhavesomedegreeofo____感謝閱讀andarethereforeconsonants.精品文檔放心下載13.M____isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.精品文檔放心下載,.A_____isthemovementofanauxiliaryverbtothesentence-initialposition,suchas“be”,“have”,“do”etc.精品文檔放心下載R____iswhatalinguisticformreferstointherealworld;itisamatteroftherelationshipbetweenformandthereality.精品文檔放心下載InAustin’searlyspeechacttheory,c____werestatementsthateitherstateordescribe,andwerethusverifiable.精品文檔放心下載Intheprocessoffirstlanguageacquisition,childrenusuallyconstructtheirpersonalgrammars,andtheirlanguagedevelopsinstagesuntilita_____thegrammaticalrulesoftheadultlanguage.感謝閱讀As_____communityisonegroup,allofwhosememberssharethesamelanguageoratleastasinglelanguagevariety.謝謝閱讀Peoplemaycommunicatetheirfeelingsorthoughtsvian_____signalssuchasfacialexpressions,gestures,postures,orproxemicspace.精品文檔放心下載Althoughthedevelopmentofacommunicativesystemisnotuniquetohumanbeings,thenaturalacquisitionofl______asasystemofhighlyabstractrulesandregulationsforcreativecommunicationiswhatdistinguisheshumansfromallother精品文檔放心下載,.animalspecies.Ⅲ.Directions:Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.感謝閱讀PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyou感謝閱讀thinkastatementisfalse,youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethe感謝閱讀correctversion.(2％×10=20％)謝謝閱讀21.( )Thewritingsystemofalanguageisalwaysalaterinventionusedto謝謝閱讀recordspeech;thustherearestillmanylanguagesintoday’sworldthatcanonlybe精品文檔放心下載spoken,butnotwritten.22.( )Insuchsoundcombinationsas/bi:p/,/geip/and/su:p/,thevoiceless感謝閱讀stop/p/,occurringinthefinalposition,isunaspirated,i.e.pronouncedwiththe感謝閱讀strongpuffofairwithheldtosomeextent.謝謝閱讀23.( )Thepartofspeechofthecompoundisalwaysdeterminedbythepartof謝謝閱讀speechofthesecondelement,withoutexceptio