&1&

invitation/??nv??te??n/

n.邀請；請柬教材語境

Invitation

請柬

（教材P48）&2&

invitation在此作可數(shù)名詞，意為"請柬"；它還可意為"邀請"，常指口頭或書面的邀請。?I

got

an

invitation

to

his

birthday

party.

我收到了參加他生日聚會的請柬。?I

accepted

the

invitation

to

the

party.

我接受了這個聚會的邀請。&3&

invite作及物動詞，意為"邀請"。常見用法：?She

very

kindly

invited

me

to

lunch.

她非常友好地邀請我一起吃午餐。?We

want

to

invite

more

people

to

join

us.我們想邀請更多人加入我們。（選自臺州中考）&4&

choose

v.

選擇&5&

教材語境

In

fact,

I

was

chosen

to

play（choose

sb.to

do

sth）

the

dance

music.

實際上，我被選去播放舞曲。（教材P48）&6&

choose作及物動詞，其過去式和過去分詞分別為chose，chosen。常用搭配：（1）choose

sth.

選擇某物?Choose

an

author

as

you

choose

a

friend.擇書如擇友。（2）choose

（sb.）

to

do

sth.

選擇

（某人）

做某事?As

common

people,

the

medical

workers

choose

to

stand

out

and

protect

others

without

thinking

twice.

作為普通人，醫(yī)務(wù)工作者們選擇毫不猶豫地站出來去保護(hù)他人。（選自昆明中考）?We

chose

Daming

to

be

our

monitor.我們選大明當(dāng)我們的班長。（3）choose

sb.

as/for...選某人當(dāng)……?People

chose

him

as/for

the

new

president.

人們選他當(dāng)新一任總統(tǒng)。&7&

choose的名詞形式為choice，作可數(shù)名詞，意為"選擇"。make

a

choice"作出選擇"。?Here

is

some

advice

to

help

you

make

a

choice.這里有幾條幫你作出選擇的建議。典例1

根據(jù)漢語提示填寫單詞。(蘇州中考)His

parents

hope

he

can

follow

his

heart

when

he

________（選擇）

his

job.chooses【解析】句意：他的父母希望他在選擇工作時能夠遵循自己的內(nèi)心。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在從句中作謂語。choose作動詞，意為"選擇"；根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，主語he為第三人稱單數(shù)，故填chooses。教材語境

And

I

was

asked

to

bring

some

balloons

and

paint

some

pictures

for

the

party.

我被要求帶一些氣球并為派對畫一些畫。（教材P48）&9&

paint在此作動詞，意為"繪畫"，指用顏料作畫，作及物動詞和不及物動詞均可。&8&

paint/pe?nt/

v.繪畫?My

mother

paints

well.我媽媽很會畫畫。

?Jim

painted

a

picture

yesterday.吉姆昨天畫了一幅畫。

?She

paints

in

oil.她畫油畫。&10&

（1）paint作動詞，還可意為"（給……）上油漆，（給……）涂顏料"。?Please

paint

the

wall

white.請把墻涂成白色。（2）paint還可作不可數(shù)名詞，意為"油漆"。paints意為"繪畫顏料"。?Wet

paint!

油漆未干!?I

have

two

boxes

of

paints.

我有兩盒顏料。（3）painter作可數(shù)名詞，意為"畫家；油漆匠"；painting作名詞，意為"繪畫（作品）"。?My

uncle

is

a

painter.我叔叔是個畫家。

?I

like

Chinese

painting.

It's

so

beautiful.我喜歡中國畫，它很美。（選自成都中考）語境串記The

painter

is

painting

the

painting

with

paints.那位畫家正在用繪畫顏料畫那幅畫。&11&

prepare

v.

預(yù)備（飯菜）教材語境

The

teachers

have

asked

everyone

to

prepare

a

traditional

dish

from

their

home

country.

老師讓每個人準(zhǔn)備一道自己國家的傳統(tǒng)菜肴。（教材P48）&12&

（1）prepare作動詞，還可意為"（為……）做準(zhǔn)備；把……準(zhǔn)備好"，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：?Today

is

Father's

Day,

and

I

plan

to

prepare

a

dinner

for

my

father.今天是父親節(jié)，我打算為父親準(zhǔn)備一頓晚餐。（選自云南中考）?She

decided

to

prepare

some

interesting

gifts

for

her

baby

on

the

way.她決定給她即將出生的寶寶準(zhǔn)備一些有趣的禮物。（選自湘潭中考）?He

took

out

a

piece

of

paper

and

prepared

to

write

a

letter.他拿出一張紙，準(zhǔn)備寫一封信。?The

students

are

preparing

for

the

final

exam.學(xué)生們正在為期末考試做準(zhǔn)備。（2）preparation作名詞，意為"準(zhǔn)備，預(yù)備"。?Preparation

for

the

party

started

early.聚會的準(zhǔn)備工作很早就開始了。典例2

將下面漢語句子譯成英語。(邵陽中考)她經(jīng)常給孩子們準(zhǔn)備許多書。____________________________________________She

often

prepares

many

books

for

the

children.&13&

dish

n.菜肴，一道菜&14&

dish作可數(shù)名詞，在此意為"菜肴，一道菜"。&15&

dish作可數(shù)名詞，還可意為"碟，盤"。the

dishes意為"（待清洗的）餐具"，do

the

dishes意為"洗餐具"。?This

is

a

nice

dish.

I

like

it

very

much.

這是一道可口的菜，我很喜歡它。?You

have

to

do/wash

the

dishes

before

you

go.

你走之前，得把碗洗了。&16&

heat

up使變熱；給……加熱教材語境

We

can

heat

it

up

in

the

school

kitchen,

but

it

should

be

cooked

at

home.

我們可以在學(xué)校食堂把它加熱一下，但應(yīng)該在家里就把它做好。（教材P48）&17&

heat

up屬于"動詞+副詞"型短語，代詞作其賓語時，應(yīng)置于heat與up之間。?Heat

up

the

food

before

you

eat

it.

在你吃這個食物之前，把它加熱一下。?The

chicken

soup

is

on

the

table.

Just

heat

it

up

in

the

microwave.

雞湯在桌子上，把它放在微波爐里熱熱就行了。&18&

常見的"動詞+up"型短語還有：look

up查閱

set

up建立，創(chuàng)建cut

up切碎

give

up放棄cheer

up使高興

turn

up調(diào)大（音量）pick

up撿起

put

up舉起;張貼grow

up成長，長大

stay

up熬夜dress

up穿上盛裝;裝扮

wake

up醒來&19&

be

made

with用……做成教材語境

It's

made

with

chicken

and

vegetables.

它是用雞肉和蔬菜做成的。

（教材P48）&20&

be

made

with強調(diào)制作中用了什么材料。&21&

be

made+不同的介詞：?The

dish

is

made

with

eggs

and

beef.

這道菜是用雞蛋和牛肉做的。?The

plane

is

made

of

paper.

這個飛機是用紙做的。?Wine

is

made

from

grapes.葡萄酒是由葡萄制成的。?Glass

can

be

made

into

a

mirror.玻璃能制成鏡子。?The

model

plane

is

made

by

Li

Ming.

這個飛機模型是李明制作的。?The

T-shirt

is

made

in

China.

這件T恤衫是在中國制造的。&22&

with

prep.用（表示使用某種工具、手段等）教材語境

That

means

you

eat

it

with

your

fingers，not

with

a

knife，fork

or

spoon.

那就是說你用手拿著吃，而不是用刀、叉或勺子。（教材P48）&23&

with，in與by?Cut

the

watermelon

with

a

knife.

用刀把西瓜切開。三者都有"用"的含義，但用法有所不同。with其后通常接表示某種"工具"的詞He

is

writing

with

a

pen.他正在用鋼筆寫字。in其后可接表示"語言、聲音、材料等"的詞Can

you

say

it

in

English?你能用英語說它嗎？by其后可接表示"交通工具"的詞；也可接動詞-ing形式，表示方法或手段I

often

go

to

school

by

bike.

我經(jīng)常騎自行車去上學(xué)。I

learn

English

by

taking

notes.

我通過記筆記學(xué)英語。&24&

with作介詞時的其他用法：典例3

(成都中考)My

mother

often

tells

me

it's

impolite

to

hit

an

empty

bowl

___

chopsticks.CA.in

B.on

C.with【解析】句意：我媽媽經(jīng)常囑咐我，用筷子敲空碗是不禮貌的。根據(jù)空前的"hit

an

empty

bowl"和空后的"chopsticks"可知，此處表示使用筷子，應(yīng)用with。故選C。&25&

knife/na?f/

n.餐刀；刀具&26&

knife作可數(shù)名詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式是knives，即將詞尾的fe變?yōu)関再加-es。?He

cut

the

apple

in

half

with

a

knife.他用一把刀子將蘋果切成了兩半。?There

are

two

knives

on

the

table.

桌子上有兩把餐刀。巧學(xué)妙記以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù)妻子（wife）持刀（knife）去宰狼（wolf），小偷（thief）嚇得發(fā)了慌，躲在架（shelf）下保己（self）命（life），半（half）片樹葉（leaf）遮目光。教材語境

Oh,

soup's

no

good

then.哦,那湯是不行。

（教材P48）&27&

no

good不適合&28&

no

good

for

sth.不適合某物/某事?My

apartment

is

no

good

for

pets

because

it

is

too

small.我的公寓不適合（養(yǎng)）寵物，因為它太小了。&29&

no

good的其他用法：it

is

no

good

doing

sth.做某事沒有用處It's

no

good

talking

to

her

—

she

never

listens.

和她談沒用——她從來不聽。be

no

good

to

sb.對某人沒有好處或沒有幫助A

car

is

no

good

to

me

since

I

can't

drive.

汽車對我沒用，因為我不會開車。do

no

good

沒用處，沒幫助I'll

talk

to

her，but

it

will

do

no

good.

我會和她談的，但不會有用。&30&

Italian/??t?lj?n/

adj.意大利的；意大利語的；意大利人的

n.意大利語；意大利人教材語境

It's

Italian！它是意大利的！

（教材P48）&31&

Italy作名詞，意為"意大利"。?I

like

Italian

food.

我喜歡意大利食物。（作形容詞）?We

don't

study

Italian

at

school.

我們在學(xué)校不學(xué)意大利語。（作名詞）?Last

year,

I

went

to

Italy

as

an

exchange

student.去年，我去了意大利做交換生。（選自重慶中考B卷）語境串記The

girl

comes

from

Italy.

She

is

an

Italian

student,

and

she

speaks

Italian.

這個女孩來自意大利，她是一名意大利學(xué)生，她說意大利語。國家人語言China（中國）Chinese（中國人）Chinese（漢語）Australia（澳大利亞）Australian（澳大利亞人）English（英語）國家人語言Italy（意大利）Italian（意大利人）Italian（意大利語）Canada（加拿大）Canadian（加拿大人）English,French（英語，法語）America（美國）American（美國人）English（英語）Germany（德國）German（德國人）German（德語）續(xù)表國家人語言Japan（日本）Japanese（日本人）Japanese（日語）France（法國）Frenchman（法國人）French（法語）Russia（俄羅斯）Russian（俄羅斯人）Russian（俄語）Russia（俄羅斯）Russian（俄羅斯人）Russian（俄語）續(xù)表典例4

—I'm

told

your

class

has

3

newcomers.—Yes.

One

is

a

________

and

the

other

two

are

________.(

)

CA.Germany;

Italy

B.Germans;

ItalianC.German;

Italians

D.German;

Italy【解析】句意：——有人告訴我你們班有三個新來的學(xué)生?！堑?。一個是德國人，另外兩個是意大利人。"德國人"用German來表示，Italian"意大利人"的復(fù)數(shù)形式是Italians。故選C。&32&

communicate

with與……交流/溝通教材語境

You

can

use

English

to

communicate

with

people

from

all

over

the

world

—

take

your

chance

to

learn

something

about

how

they

live

and

what

they

eat.

你可以用英語與來自世界各地的人交流，抓住機會了解他們的生活方式以及飲食。（教材P49）?We

communicate

with

each