2023屆閱讀理解話題分類專練:人際關(guān)系

(共4題)

一、閱讀理解題(共4題)

1.AccordingtoNielsen,theaveragenumberofmobilephonecallswemakeisdroppingeveryyear,

afterhittingapeakin2007.Andourcallsaregettingshorter:In2005theyaveragedthreeminutesin

length;nowthey'realmosthalfthat.

Wearemoving,inotherwords,towardafascinatingculturaltransition:thedeathofthetelephone

call.Thisshiftisparticularlyplainamongtheyoung.SomecollegestudentsIknowgodayswithouttalking

intotheirsmartphonesatall.

Thisgenerationdoesn'tmakephonecalls,becauseeveryoneisinconstant,lightweightcontactinso

manyotherways:texting,chatting,andsocial-networkmessaging.Andwedon'tjusthavemoreoptions

thanweusedto.Wehavebetterones:Thesenewformsofcommunicationhaveexposedthefactthat

thevoicecallisbadlydesigned.Itdeservestodie.Consider:IfIsuddenlydecideIwanttodialyouupzI

havenowayofknowingwhetheryou'rebusy,andyouhavenoideawhyI'mcalling.

WehavetoopenSchrodinger'sboxeverytime,havingaconversationtofigureoutwhetherit*sOK

tohaveaconversation.Plus,voicecallsareemotionallyhigh-bandwidth,whichiswhyit'ssoweirdly

exhaustingtobeinterruptedbyone.(Weapparentlyfindvoicemailevenmoretorturous:Studiesshow

thatmorethanafifthofallvoicemessagesareneverlistenedto.)

Thetelephone,inotherwords,doesn'tprovideanyinformationaboutstatus,soweareconstantly

interruptingoneanother.Theothertoolsatourdisposalaremorepolite.Instantmessagingletsusdetect

whetherourfriendsarebusywithoutourannoyingthem,andtextingletsuspingoneanotherbutnotat

thesametime.(Plus,wecanspendmoretimethinkingaboutwhatwewanttosay.)Despitethehueand

cryaboutbecomingan"alwayson"society,we'reactuallymovingawayfromthedemandthateveryone

shouldbeavailableimmediately.

We'llstillmakefewerphonecalls,asmostofourformerphonetimewillmigratetoothermedia.But

thecallswedomakewillbelonger,reservedforthesortofdeepdiscussionthatthemediumdoesbest.

Asvideochattingbecomesmorecommon,enabledbythenewiPhoneandotherdevices,wemight

seethegrowthofpersistenttelepresence,leavingvideo-chatopenalldaysowecanspeaktoaspouseor

colleaguespontaneously.Or,toputitanotherway,we'llcalllessbuttalkmore.

(1)Thewriterofthetextthinksthatwhatishappeningwithmobilephonecallsis.

A.anunexpectedoccurrence

B.astrangebutverypredictablefact

C.aninterestingsocialphenomenon

D.negativeforsocialinteraction

(2)Inparagraph3,thewriter'sattitudetowardsphonevoicecallsis.

A.doubtfulB.concernedC.positiveD.negative

(3)Thephrase"hueandcry"inparagraph5means.

A.appealB.protestC.claimD.argument

(4)Whatdoesthewriterthinkwillhappentovoicecallsinthefuture?

A.Theywillonlybeusedinemergencies.

B.Theywillcontinuetogetmoreexpensive.

C.Theywillonlybeusedbetweenfamilymembers.

D.Theywillbeusedmainlyforintimateanddetaileddiscussions.

2.AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance

Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutof

reach.____Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.

?___Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?

Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthat

yourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.

?Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,our

mistakesandourfailures.____Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaught

upinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情，C?)response?

"Thatdidn*tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest."

?Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookat

strengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earned

yourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.____

?Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Put

intowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon'tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbackto

yourself.____Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehow

awesomeyouare?

⑴

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember;youareonlyhuman.

E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

(2)

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember;youareonlyhuman.

E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

(3)

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remembecyouareonlyhuman.

E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

(4)

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.

E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

(5)

A.Feelingupsetagain?

B.Wheredoyoustart?

C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate.

D.Remember,youareonlyhuman.

E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance.

F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers.

G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?

3.Peoplediscusstheirproblemswithfriendsinthehopethatthey'llgainsomeinsightintohowto

solvethem.Andeveniftheydon'tfindawaytosolvetheirproblems,itfeelsgoodtoletoffsomesteam.

Howproblemsarediscussed,though,canbethedifferencebetweenhalvingaproblemordoublingit.

Thetermpsychologistsusefornegativeproblemsharingis"co-rumination."Co-ruminationisthe

mutualencouragementtodiscussproblemsrepeatedlygoingoverthesameproblems,anticipatingfuture

problemsandfocusingonnegativefeelings.

Inastudyinvolvingchildrenaged7to15yearsofage,researchersfoundthatco-ruminationin

bothboysandgirlsisassociatedwith"high-quality"andclosefriendships.However,ingirls,itwasalso

associatedwithanxietyanddepression(thesameassociationwasnotfoundwiththeboys).Andstudies

suggestthatco-ruminationisn'tjustaproblemforgirls.Co-ruminationwithworkcolleaguescanincrease

theriskofstressandburnout,onestudysuggests.

_Inagroupofadults,theeffectsofco-ruminationwascomparedbetweenface-to-facecontact,

telephonecontact,textingandsocialmedia.Thepositiveeffectsofco-ruminationwerefoundinface-to-

facecontact,telephonecontactandtexting,butnotinsocialmedia.Thenegativeaspectsofco-

rumination(anxiety)wasfoundinface-to-facecommunicationandtelephonecontact,butnottextingor

socialmedia.Verbalformsofcommunicationseemtoenhanceboththepositiveandnegativeaspectsof

co-ruminationmorethannon-verbalcommunication.

Discussingproblemswithfriendsdoesn'talwayshavetoleadtoworseningmentalhealth,aslongas

thediscussioninvolvesfindingsolutionsandthepersonwiththeproblemactsonthosesolutions.Then,

relationshipscanbepositiveandbeneficialtobothparties.___

(1)

A.Researchshowsthatco-ruminationisadouble-edgedsword.

B.Inthatway,aproblemsharedcanreallybeaproblemhalved.

C.Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoco-ruminatewiththeirclosefriends.

D.Indeed,havingclosefriendstotrustmayprotectyouagainstpoormentalhealth.

E.Thishumantendencytoworkthingsoutinone'smind,iscommon.

F.Howyouco-ruminatematterstoo.

⑵

A.Researchshowsthatco-ruminationisadouble-edgedsword.

B.Inthatway,aproblemsharedcanreallybeaproblemhalved.

C.Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoco-ruminatewiththeirclosefriends.

D.Indeed,havingclosefriendstotrustmayprotectyouagainstpoormentalhealth.

E.Thishumantendencytoworkthingsoutinone'smind,iscommon.

F.Howyouco-ruminatematterstoo.

(3)

A.Researchshowsthatco-ruminationisadouble-edgedsword.

B.Inthatway,aproblemsharedcanreallybeaproblemhalved.

C.Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoco-ruminatewiththeirclosefriends.

D.Indeed,havingclosefriendstotrustmayprotectyouagainstpoormentalhealth.

E.Thishumantendencytoworkthingsoutinone'smind,iscommon.

F.Howyouco-ruminatematterstoo.

(4)

A.Researchshowsthatco-ruminationisadouble-edgedsword.

B.Inthatway,aproblemsharedcanreallybeaproblemhalved.

C.Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoco-ruminatewiththeirclosefriends.

D.Indeed,havingclosefriendstotrustmayprotectyouagainstpoormentalhealth.

E.Thishumantendencytoworkthingsoutinone'smind,iscommon.

F.Howyouco-ruminatematterstoo.

4.We'veallbeenthere:inalift,inlineatthebankoronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,

likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.

What'stheproblem?It'spossiblethatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.It's

morelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseit'sawkwardandchallenging,orwethinkit's

annoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongstrangers,considerthatsmalltalk

isworththetrouble.Expertssayit'saninvaluablesocialpracticethatresultsinbigbenefits.

Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecan'tforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldn't

evenexistifitweren'tforcasualconversation.Smalltalkisthegrease(潤(rùn)滑劑j)forsocialcommunication,

saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.

"Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,"heexplains."Thekeyto

successfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem."

Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheir

wayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction(互動(dòng))withitswaiter;theother,

tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreported

significantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabettercoffeeshopexperience."It'snotthattalkingtothe

waiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband/'saysDunn."Butinteractionswithperipheral(邊緣的)

membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso."

Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,

abondwithothers.Carduccibelievesdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk."Small

talkisthebasisofgoodmanners,"hesays.

(1)Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?

A.Addictiontosmartphones.

B.Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.

C.Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.

D.Impatiencewithslowservice.

(2)WhatisimportantforsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?

A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.

C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.

(3)Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?

A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.

B.Itraisespeople'sconfidence.

C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.

D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConversationCountsB.WaysofMakingSmallTalk

C.BenefitsofSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence

答案

一、閱讀理解題(共4題)

1.【答案】

(1)B

(2)D

(3)B

(4)D

2.【答案】

(1)B

(2)F

(3)D

(4)C

(5)A

【解析】

(1)這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了幾個(gè)自我接納的小技巧。

根據(jù)題目AFewTipsforSelf-acceptance(自我接納的幾點(diǎn)建議)及下文的Here'sahandfulofways

thatwillsetyouintherightdirection.(這有很多可以幫你找到正確方向的方法。)可知，選項(xiàng)B.

Wheredoyoustart?(從哪里開(kāi)始那？)最合下文語(yǔ)境，故選B項(xiàng)。

(2)根據(jù)下文Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfe