軍考類招生-大專生士兵-大學英語-第三章閱讀理解-風土人情類共享題干題Passage1Coffeeisapowerfuldrink.Onapersonallevel,i（江南博哥）thelpskeepUSawakeandactive.Onamuchgenerallevel,ithashelpedshapeourhistoryandcontinuestoshapeourculture.CoffeeplantsgrowwildinpartsofAfricaandwereprobablyusedbydivavellingdivibes（部落）forthousandsofyears,butitwasn'tuntilthel400sthatpeoplefiguredouttheycouldroastitsseeds.“Thenitreallytookoff,”saidhistorianMarkPendergrast-—authorofUncommonGrounds:theHistoryofcoffeeandHowItTransformedOurWorld.Bythel500s,thedrinkhadspreadtocoffeehousesacrosstheArabworld.Withinanotherl50years,ittookEuropebystorm.“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness,”Pendergrastsays.Coffeehousesbecameaspotnotjusttoenjoyacupbuttoexchangeideas.TheinsuranceindusdivywasfoundedhundredsofyearsagoinoneofLondon’s2,000coffeehouses.Literature,newspapersandeventheworksofgreatcomposerslikeBachandBeethovenwerealsoinspiredincoffeehouses.ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773,whenAmericancolonists（殖民者）attackedBritishteashipsandthrewlargeboxesofteaintotheharbor,Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.“There’salotofdivuthtothestory,Ifound.”Pendergrastsays.HementionsaletterJohnAdamswrotetohiswife,Abigail,inwhichtheFoundingFatherdeclareshisloveofteabutsayshewillhavetolearntoacceptcoffeeinstead,becausedrinkingteahadbecomeunpadiviotic（不愛國的）.Foralltheupsidescoffeehasbroughtthemodemworld,italsobroughtitsfairshareofdownsides,too.Europeanscarriedcoffeewiththemastheycolonizedvariouspartsoftheworld,andthisfrequentlymeanttheymadepeopleintoslavesinordertogrowit.[單選題]1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowinghasnothingtodowithcoffee?A.Literature.B.Newspapers.C.Theinsuranceindusdivy.D.Theoilindusdivy.正確答案：D參考解析：細節(jié)理解題。結合選項，在原文里我們發(fā)現(xiàn)文中第三段提到受到咖啡影響的行業(yè)，其中有insuranceindustry（保險業(yè)），literature（文學），newspapers（報紙），worksofgreatcomposers（作曲家的工作），唯獨沒有提到石油工業(yè)，因此D項與咖啡無關，故答案選D。Passage1Coffeeisapowerfuldrink.Onapersonallevel,ithelpskeepUSawakeandactive.Onamuchgenerallevel,ithashelpedshapeourhistoryandcontinuestoshapeourculture.CoffeeplantsgrowwildinpartsofAfricaandwereprobablyusedbydivavellingdivibes（部落）forthousandsofyears,butitwasn'tuntilthel400sthatpeoplefiguredouttheycouldroastitsseeds.“Thenitreallytookoff,”saidhistorianMarkPendergrast-—authorofUncommonGrounds:theHistoryofcoffeeandHowItTransformedOurWorld.Bythel500s,thedrinkhadspreadtocoffeehousesacrosstheArabworld.Withinanotherl50years,ittookEuropebystorm.“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness,”Pendergrastsays.Coffeehousesbecameaspotnotjusttoenjoyacupbuttoexchangeideas.TheinsuranceindusdivywasfoundedhundredsofyearsagoinoneofLondon’s2,000coffeehouses.Literature,newspapersandeventheworksofgreatcomposerslikeBachandBeethovenwerealsoinspiredincoffeehouses.ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773,whenAmericancolonists（殖民者）attackedBritishteashipsandthrewlargeboxesofteaintotheharbor,Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.“There’salotofdivuthtothestory,Ifound.”Pendergrastsays.HementionsaletterJohnAdamswrotetohiswife,Abigail,inwhichtheFoundingFatherdeclareshisloveofteabutsayshewillhavetolearntoacceptcoffeeinstead,becausedrinkingteahadbecomeunpadiviotic（不愛國的）.Foralltheupsidescoffeehasbroughtthemodemworld,italsobroughtitsfairshareofdownsides,too.Europeanscarriedcoffeewiththemastheycolonizedvariouspartsoftheworld,andthisfrequentlymeanttheymadepeopleintoslavesinordertogrowit.[單選題]2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.TheBostonTeaPartytookplaceinl773.B.Europeansfiguredoutwaystousecoffeeduringthe1670s.C.Duringthel770s,moreandmoreAmericansbegantodrinkcoffee.D.Coffeeisarefreshingdrink.正確答案：B參考解析：細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)文中第四段第一行提到“ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773”可知，“波士頓傾茶事件”在1773年發(fā)生，A選項正確。接著文章又說道“Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.”即，1773年“波士頓傾茶事件”之后，人們開始從喝茶轉向喝咖啡，也就是越來越多的人選擇喝咖啡，C選項正確。由文章第一行“Coffeeisapowerfuldrink.…ithelpskeepUSawakeandactive”可知，咖啡能使人保持清醒和活躍，即咖啡是“提神（refreshing）的飲料”，D選項正確。根據(jù)文章中第二段內(nèi)容可得：14世紀時，有人發(fā)現(xiàn)了咖啡使用方法，15世紀傳遍阿拉伯世界，之后又過了150年，即17世紀60年代，它才席卷了歐洲，其中并沒有直接提到是歐洲人發(fā)明出了使用咖啡的方法，而且時間也不是在17世紀80年代，因此B項描述不符，故答案選B。CoffeeplantsgrowwildinpartsofAfricaandwereprobablyusedbydivavellingdivibes（部落）forthousandsofyears,butitwasn'tuntilthel400sthatpeoplefiguredouttheycouldroastitsseeds.“Thenitreallytookoff,”saidhistorianMarkPendergrast-—authorofUncommonGrounds:theHistoryofcoffeeandHowItTransformedOurWorld.Bythel500s,thedrinkhadspreadtocoffeehousesacrosstheArabworld.Withinanotherl50years,ittookEuropebystorm.“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness,”Pendergrastsays.Coffeehousesbecameaspotnotjusttoenjoyacupbuttoexchangeideas.TheinsuranceindusdivywasfoundedhundredsofyearsagoinoneofLondon’s2,000coffeehouses.Literature,newspapersandeventheworksofgreatcomposerslikeBachandBeethovenwerealsoinspiredincoffeehouses.ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773,whenAmericancolonists（殖民者）attackedBritishteashipsandthrewlargeboxesofteaintotheharbor,Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.“There’salotofdivuthtothestory,Ifound.”Pendergrastsays.HementionsaletterJohnAdamswrotetohiswife,Abigail,inwhichtheFoundingFatherdeclareshisloveofteabutsayshewillhavetolearntoacceptcoffeeinstead,becausedrinkingteahadbecomeunpadiviotic（不愛國的）.Foralltheupsidescoffeehasbroughtthemodemworld,italsobroughtitsfairshareofdownsides,too.Europeanscarriedcoffeewiththemastheycolonizedvariouspartsoftheworld,andthisfrequentlymeanttheymadepeopleintoslavesinordertogrowit.[單選題]3.Theauthorofthebookbelievesthat______.A.drinkingcoffeewasunpadivioticB.2,000insurancecompaniesweresetuphundredsofyearsagoC.EuropeanswereresponsiblefortheexistenceofslaveryD.coffeeactuallyinfluencedtheriseofbusiness正確答案：D參考解析：細節(jié)理解題。文章中提到的書的作者即Pendergrast。根據(jù)文中第二段他說的話“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness”可知，該作者認為咖啡飲品對商業(yè)的興起占有主要作用，故D項正確。CoffeeplantsgrowwildinpartsofAfricaandwereprobablyusedbydivavellingdivibes（部落）forthousandsofyears,butitwasn'tuntilthel400sthatpeoplefiguredouttheycouldroastitsseeds.“Thenitreallytookoff,”saidhistorianMarkPendergrast-—authorofUncommonGrounds:theHistoryofcoffeeandHowItTransformedOurWorld.Bythel500s,thedrinkhadspreadtocoffeehousesacrosstheArabworld.Withinanotherl50years,ittookEuropebystorm.“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness,”Pendergrastsays.Coffeehousesbecameaspotnotjusttoenjoyacupbuttoexchangeideas.TheinsuranceindusdivywasfoundedhundredsofyearsagoinoneofLondon’s2,000coffeehouses.Literature,newspapersandeventheworksofgreatcomposerslikeBachandBeethovenwerealsoinspiredincoffeehouses.ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773,whenAmericancolonists（殖民者）attackedBritishteashipsandthrewlargeboxesofteaintotheharbor,Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.“There’salotofdivuthtothestory,Ifound.”Pendergrastsays.HementionsaletterJohnAdamswrotetohiswife,Abigail,inwhichtheFoundingFatherdeclareshisloveofteabutsayshewillhavetolearntoacceptcoffeeinstead,becausedrinkingteahadbecomeunpadiviotic（不愛國的）.Foralltheupsidescoffeehasbroughtthemodemworld,italsobroughtitsfairshareofdownsides,too.Europeanscarriedcoffeewiththemastheycolonizedvariouspartsoftheworld,andthisfrequentlymeanttheymadepeopleintoslavesinordertogrowit.[單選題]4.Thephrase“tooloff”inthesecondparagraphmeans“______”.A.droppedtothegroundB.becameverysuccessfulC.removeditscoatD.wentawaysuddenly正確答案：B參考解析：詞義推斷題。tookoff在文章第二段出現(xiàn)“Thenitreallytookoff”，根據(jù)上文提到：咖啡植株生長在非洲部分地區(qū)的野外，在外漂泊的部族很有可能已經(jīng)使用了數(shù)千年，但是直到l5世紀人們才發(fā)現(xiàn)他們可以烘烤咖啡的種子，接著下文就提到了：咖啡在世界范圍內(nèi)的傳播并且產(chǎn)生了深遠的影響。所以此處過渡表示的意思應該是：然后它真的成功了。takeoff除了“起飛，脫下”的意思以外，還有“突然成功”的意思。CoffeeplantsgrowwildinpartsofAfricaandwereprobablyusedbydivavellingdivibes（部落）forthousandsofyears,butitwasn'tuntilthel400sthatpeoplefiguredouttheycouldroastitsseeds.“Thenitreallytookoff,”saidhistorianMarkPendergrast-—authorofUncommonGrounds:theHistoryofcoffeeandHowItTransformedOurWorld.Bythel500s,thedrinkhadspreadtocoffeehousesacrosstheArabworld.Withinanotherl50years,ittookEuropebystorm.“Itactuallyhadamajorimpactontheriseofbusiness,”Pendergrastsays.Coffeehousesbecameaspotnotjusttoenjoyacupbuttoexchangeideas.TheinsuranceindusdivywasfoundedhundredsofyearsagoinoneofLondon’s2,000coffeehouses.Literature,newspapersandeventheworksofgreatcomposerslikeBachandBeethovenwerealsoinspiredincoffeehouses.ItisoftensaidthataftertheBostonTeaPartyofl773,whenAmericancolonists（殖民者）attackedBritishteashipsandthrewlargeboxesofteaintotheharbor,Americanseverywhereswitchedovertodrinkingcoffee.“There’salotofdivuthtothestory,Ifound.”Pendergrastsays.HementionsaletterJohnAdamswrotetohiswife,Abigail,inwhichtheFoundingFatherdeclareshisloveofteabutsayshewillhavetolearntoacceptcoffeeinstead,becausedrinkingteahadbecomeunpadiviotic（不愛國的）.Foralltheupsidescoffeehasbroughtthemodemworld,italsobroughtitsfairshareofdownsides,too.Europeanscarriedcoffeewiththemastheycolonizedvariouspartsoftheworld,andthisfrequentlymeanttheymadepeopleintoslavesinordertogrowit.[單選題]5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?A.WhenCoffeeBecamePopularB.CoffeeIsaPowerfulDrinkC.HowCoffeeInfluencedtheCourseofHistoryD.WhatImpactCoffeeHasonHumanBehavior正確答案：C參考解析：主旨大意題。綜合全文，我們不難發(fā)現(xiàn)第一段的最后一句是中心句，即咖啡塑造了我們的歷史和文化，也就是C選項。A選項只是在第二段涉及，B選項是文章的引子，文章并不是圍繞咖啡非常有力量寫的，D選項也只是在第一段onapersonallevel那一句話中涉及。因此C項為正確答案。Passage2IfyouhaveachancetogotoFinland,youwillprobablybesurprisedtofindhow"foolish"theFinnishpeopleare.Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhigh-classBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregisdivationcardtothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregisdivationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake"pettyadvantages".Butthesdivangethingis,allthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfareaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusiness;notasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal"gentleman".(78)Inasocietyofsuchhighmoralpractice，whatneedisthereforpeopletobeonguardagainstothers?[單選題]6.WhiletakingataxiinFinland,______.A.apassengercangoanywherewithouthavingtopaythedriverB.apassengerpaystwoUSdollarsforataxirideC.apassengercanneverbeturneddownbythetaxidriverwhereverhewantstogoD.apassengerneedstoprovidegoodfaithdemonsdivationbeforetheyleavewithoutpaying正確答案：C參考解析：細節(jié)題。由題目“takeataxi”可定位至文章第二段尋找答案。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace”可知C項正確。A項屬于對文章的誤解，根據(jù)第二段中后部分可知：如果乘客有要事處理，可以先暫且不付錢，并非任何時候都不用付錢。況且第四段提到所有的乘客都會在處理急事之后后回來付車費。B項錯誤是因為文章中“withafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer”意思是每公里2美元，而不是每次乘車只收2美元。D項“提供誠信的范例”在乘坐出租車這一部分并未提及。Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhigh-classBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregisdivationcardtothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregisdivationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake"pettyadvantages".Butthesdivangethingis,allthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfareaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusiness;notasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal"gentleman".(78)Inasocietyofsuchhighmoralpractice，whatneedisthereforpeopletobeonguardagainstothers?[單選題]7.WeknowfromthepassagethatbighotelsinFinland______.A.providemealforonlythosewholiveinthehotelsB.providemealsforanydinersC.providefreewineandchargeforfoodD.aremostlypoorlymanaged正確答案：B參考解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第三段首句可知“餐廳不僅為他們的客人服務，也為外面的用餐者服務”因此B項正確，A項錯誤。根據(jù)第四段“hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree”可知C項“chargeforfood”錯誤。D項“餐廳管理混亂”與文章的主旨不符。Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhigh-classBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregisdivationcardtothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregisdivationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake"pettyadvantages".Butthesdivangethingis,allthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfareaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusiness;notasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal"gentleman".(78)Inasocietyofsuchhighmoralpractice，whatneedisthereforpeopletobeonguardagainstothers?[單選題]8.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdivueaccordingtothepassage?A.TheworkersinFinlandarepaidbythehour.B.ThebossesinFinlandaretoobusytochecktheworkinghoursoftheiremployees.C.Theworkersarealwayshonestwiththeirworkinghours.D.Theworkersandtheirbosseswillmakeanagreementinadvanceaboutthepay.正確答案：B參考解析：細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文意可知，芬蘭的老板不檢查雇員的工作時間是處于對雇員的信任，而不是太忙顧不上。因此B項不正確，當選。其他三項均可以從文章中找到出處。由倒數(shù)第二段首句“TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.”，可知A項正確。由最后一段中間部分“Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.”，可知C項“工人很誠實”正確。由倒數(shù)第二段第二句“Theyare…theyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate”可知個人和老板會事先就工資達成協(xié)議，所以D項也是正確的。因此本題答案為B。Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhigh-classBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregisdivationcardtothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregisdivationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake"pettyadvantages".Butthesdivangethingis,allthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfareaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusiness;notasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal"gentleman".(78)Inasocietyofsuchhighmoralpractice，whatneedisthereforpeopletobeonguardagainstothers?[單選題]9.Theword"those"inthelastparagraphprobablyrefersto______.A.peoplewhooftentaketaxisB.peoplewhooftenhavemealsinbighotelsC.peoplewhoaredishonestD.peoplewhoareworthyofdivust正確答案：C參考解析：詞匯題。由最后一段第一句可知，“日常生活中有如此多的漏洞，對于那些喜歡占‘小便宜’的人來說，芬蘭簡直是一個天堂”。因此“those”指代的是“peoplewhoaredishonest”。故C為正確選項。Takethetaxidriversforexample.TaxisinFinlandaremostlyhigh-classBenzwithafareoftwoUSdollarsakilometer.Youcangoanywhereinone,tellthedrivertodropyouatanyplace,saythatyouhavesomebusinesstoattendto,andthenwalkoffwithoutpayingyourfare.Thedriverwouldnotshowtheleastsignofanxiety.Thediningroomsinallbighotelsnotonlyservetheirguests,butalsoserveoutsidediners.Hotelguestshavetheirmealsfree,sotheynaturallygotothefreediningroomstohavetheirmeals.Themosttheywoulddotoshowtheirgoodfaithistowavetheirregisdivationcardtothewaiter.Withsuchaloosecheck,youcaneasilyuseanyoldregisdivationcardtotakeacoupleoffriendstodinefreeofcharge.TheFinnishworkersarepaidbythehour.Theyareverymuchontheirownassoonastheyhaveagreedwiththebossontherate.Fromthenontheyjustsayhowmanyhourstheyhaveworkedandtheywillbepaidaccordingly.Withsomanyloopholes(漏洞)ineverydaylife,surelyFinlandmustbeaheaventothosewholovetotake"pettyadvantages".Butthesdivangethingis,allthetaxipassengerswouldalwayscomebacktopaytheirfareaftertheyhaveattendedtotheirbusiness;notasingleoutsiderhaseverbeenfoundinthefreehoteldiningrooms.Andworkersalwaysgiveanhonestaccountoftheexacthourstheyputin.AstheFinnsalwaysactongoodfaithineverythingtheydo,livinginsuchasocietyhasturnedeveryoneintoareal"gentleman".(78)Inasocietyofsuchhighmoralpractice，whatneedisthereforpeopletobeonguardagainstothers?[單選題]10.Itcanbeconcludedthat______.A.FinnishpeoplearenotsmartenoughindailylifeB.FinlandhasbeenagoodplaceforcheatsC.theFinnishsocietyisofveryhighmorallevelD.alltheFinnsarerich正確答案：C參考解析：主旨題。由文章最后一句“Inasocietyofsuchhighmoralpractice…”可知C項正確。本文通過講述芬蘭生活的一些見聞，向讀者展現(xiàn)了一個誠信，高道德標準的社會。A和B兩項則是對這一主旨的曲解。D項未提及。故C為正確選項。Passage3Sinceitsfoundingin1948,McDonald’shasgrownfromafamilyburger(漢堡包)standtoaglobalfast-foodchain,withmorethan30,000locationsin118coundivies.With58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald’sisnowsoubiquitousaroundtheglobethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies’purchasingpowerbasedonthepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald’s,calledtheBigMacIndex(巨無霸指數(shù)).That’snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald’sinIndiadoesn’tservebeefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromvegedivs,riceandbeans.NoteveryoneintheworldhasbeenhappytogreetRonaldMcDonaldwhenhemovestotown.ManyseeMcDonald’sasasymbolofAmericaneconomicandculturalchauvinism(沙文主義),andEuropeannationsinparticularhaveviewedAmerican-stylefastfoodasaninsulttotheirnationalfood.AFrenchfarmer,JoseBove,becamesomethingofanationalheroin1999afterheandagroupofpeopledesdivoyedaMcDonald’sunderconsdivuctiontoprotestglobalizationand“badfood.”Thenextyear,abombexplodedinaFrenchMcDonald’s,killinga27-year-oldemployee.Nooneclaimedresponsibility.Butregardlessofwhetheryouliketheirfoodortheirpolicies,McDonald’sisstillwidelyseenasoneofthedivuepioneersofpeacefulglobalization.[單選題]11.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE.A.McDonald’swasfoundedin1948.B.McDonald’shasopeneditsrestaurantsineverycityoftheworld.C.McDonald’shasover30,000locationsintheworldnow.D.McDonald’swasverysmallinscaleinthebeginning.正確答案：B參考解析：文章首段提到“Sinceitsfoundingin1948”可知，麥當勞成立于1948年，故A項正確；由“McDonald’shasgrownfromafamilyburger(漢堡包)standtoaglobalfast-foodchain,withmorethan30,000locationsin118countries.”可知，麥當勞起初規(guī)模很小，而現(xiàn)在全球3萬多個城市都有麥當勞的分店，故C、D兩項正確。B項“麥當勞在全世界每個城市都有分店”過于絕對，首段只提到其在118個國家有分店。故本題選B。With58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald’sisnowsoubiquitousaroundtheglobethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies’purchasingpowerbasedonthepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald’s,calledtheBigMacIndex(巨無霸指數(shù)).That’snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald’sinIndiadoesn’tservebeefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromvegedivs,riceandbeans.NoteveryoneintheworldhasbeenhappytogreetRonaldMcDonaldwhenhemovestotown.ManyseeMcDonald’sasasymbolofAmericaneconomicandculturalchauvinism(沙文主義),andEuropeannationsinparticularhaveviewedAmerican-stylefastfoodasaninsulttotheirnationalfood.AFrenchfarmer,JoseBove,becamesomethingofanationalheroin1999afterheandagroupofpeopledesdivoyedaMcDonald’sunderconsdivuctiontoprotestglobalizationand“badfood.”Thenextyear,abombexplodedinaFrenchMcDonald’s,killinga27-year-oldemployee.Nooneclaimedresponsibility.Butregardlessofwhetheryouliketheirfoodortheirpolicies,McDonald’sisstillwidelyseenasoneofthedivuepioneersofpeacefulglobalization.[單選題]12.ThewordubiquitousinParagraph2ismostlikelytomean______.A.verycrowdedB.verydeanC.existingeverywhereD.occurringfrequently正確答案：C參考解析：文章第二段首句提到“With58milliondailycustomersworldwide”，意指麥當勞的消費群體龐大，第一段提到麥當勞發(fā)展成快餐產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈，由此可以推斷，“ubiquitous”可能表示麥當勞的分布之廣，其原意為“普遍的，到處都是的”，故C項正確。故本題選C。With58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald’sisnowsoubiquitousaroundtheglobethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies’purchasingpowerbasedonthepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald’s,calledtheBigMacIndex(巨無霸指數(shù)).That’snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald’sinIndiadoesn’tservebeefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromvegedivs,riceandbeans.NoteveryoneintheworldhasbeenhappytogreetRonaldMcDonaldwhenhemovestotown.ManyseeMcDonald’sasasymbolofAmericaneconomicandculturalchauvinism(沙文主義),andEuropeannationsinparticularhaveviewedAmerican-stylefastfoodasaninsulttotheirnationalfood.AFrenchfarmer,JoseBove,becamesomethingofanationalheroin1999afterheandagroupofpeopledesdivoyedaMcDonald’sunderconsdivuctiontoprotestglobalizationand“badfood.”Thenextyear,abombexplodedinaFrenchMcDonald’s,killinga27-year-oldemployee.Nooneclaimedresponsibility.Butregardlessofwhetheryouliketheirfoodortheirpolicies,McDonald’sisstillwidelyseenasoneofthedivuepioneersofpeacefulglobalization.[單選題]13.FromParagraph2,wecanconcludethat______.A.McDonald’sdesignsitsmenutosuitthelocalpeopleB.millionsofyoungadultsgottheirfirstjobwithMcDonald’sC.theMcDonald’smenustickstoold-fashionedfavoritessuchastheBigMacD.thelowpricesMcDonald’sbringtensofmillionsofpeoplethroughitsdoorseveryday正確答案：A參考解析：文章第二段倒數(shù)第二句提到“That’snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.”，由此可知麥當勞在不同的地方設置的菜單不同，故A項正確。B、D兩項文中沒有提及，C項描述與原文意思相悖。With58milliondailycustomersworldwide,McDonald’sisnowsoubiquitousaroundtheglobethatTheEconomistpublishesaglobalrankingofcurrencies’purchasingpowerbasedonthepriceschargedatthelocalMcDonald’s,calledtheBigMacIndex(巨無霸指數(shù)).That’snottosaythateverynationcarriesthesamemenuitems:choicesvarywidelydependingonlocation.SomeAsianlocationsservefriedshrimpinaBigMacroll,whileMcDonald’sinIndiadoesn’tservebeefatall,relyinginsteadonburgersmadefromve