Grammarv-ingv-ing形式動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)Playingwithfireisdangerous.Jimlikesjumpinginmuddypuddles.Herideaisbuildingupanewcompany.Peoplelivingtherearequitefriendly.Hereallyneedsawashingmachine.Theperformancewasreallyamazing.Laughingandtalking,theywentin.Ilovetowatchherperformingonthestage.v-ing的形式v-ing形式主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)v-ing作定語(yǔ)asleepingbabyabarkingdogv-ing作定語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示名詞的狀態(tài)：進(jìn)行、主動(dòng)。1.定義awashingmachineaswimmingpoolv-ing作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示名詞的用途。anexhaustingworkv-ing作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)表示名詞的性質(zhì)。adisappointingresultSummaryv-ing作定語(yǔ)的定義：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示正在______的或______的動(dòng)作動(dòng)名詞表示被修飾詞的_____和_____。進(jìn)行主動(dòng)性質(zhì)用途1.Nooneshalltakeanymagazineoutofthereadingroom.2.Hesawaflyingbirdandraisedhisbow.3.Hewastappinghiswalkingstickagainsthisleg.4.Ilovetoswimintheswimmingpool.5.Hereallyneedsawashingmachine.ObserveandFindagirldancingonthestageatowerbeingbuiltthereavasedatingbacktoHanDynastyv-ing作定語(yǔ)Summary現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的定義：現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，表示正在______的或______的動(dòng)作或者表示被修飾詞的_____和_____。進(jìn)行主動(dòng)性質(zhì)用途現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)的位置：?jiǎn)蝹€(gè)分詞作定語(yǔ)一般放在修飾詞的_______，現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)通常放在修飾詞的_______，并且可以轉(zhuǎn)化為一個(gè)________從句。后面前面定語(yǔ)v-ing作表語(yǔ)v-ing作表語(yǔ)1.Theargumentisveryconvincing．2.Thesituationbothathomeandabroadisencouraging．3.Theywereveryshockedatthenews.4.Thepupilswillgetconfusediftheyaremadetolearntoomuch.

分詞作表語(yǔ)，多表示_____________________________。

現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)，多表示主語(yǔ)具有的______，常譯為____________;

過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，多表示主語(yǔ)具有的______，常譯為____________。現(xiàn)在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去分詞過(guò)去分詞特征令人……的狀態(tài)感到……主語(yǔ)具有的特征和狀態(tài)ObserveandFind1.Seeingisbelieving.2.Herjobiscleaningthewindowsofthathighbuilding.3.Whatpleaseshimisbathingunderthesun．4.WhatTomhatesmostisbeinglookeddownupon.動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)與主語(yǔ)通常是對(duì)等的關(guān)系，表示主語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容，主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)可__________。互換位置ObserveandFindv-ing作表語(yǔ)Hisjobisinteresting.Hisjobisservingthepeople.現(xiàn)在分詞說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的________；動(dòng)名詞說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的_______。因此，動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)可以和主語(yǔ)___________，而現(xiàn)在分詞_________和主語(yǔ)互換位置。Interestingishisjob.Servingthepeopleishisjob.現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)名詞特征內(nèi)容互換位置不可以v-ing作表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞和動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別v-ing作賓語(yǔ)有些動(dòng)詞后只能跟___________作賓語(yǔ)，而不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)。有此用法的動(dòng)詞有：allow,advise,admit,appreciate,avoid,bear,consider,delay,deny,

enjoy,escape,finish,forbid,imagine,keep,mind,mention,permit,practice,quit,risk,suggest等。1.However,youshouldavoid

making

thisgestureinBrazilandGermany…2.Elsewhere,peoplefavor

shaking

hands,

bowingfromthewaist,ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse.3.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?ObserveandFindv-ing作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式常跟動(dòng)詞ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞歌訣:考慮建議盼原諒，承認(rèn)推遲沒得想，避免錯(cuò)過(guò)繼續(xù)練，否認(rèn)完成停能賞，不禁介意準(zhǔn)逃亡，不準(zhǔn)冒險(xiǎn)憑想象。consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,pardonadmit,delay/putoff,fancyavoid,miss,keep/keepon,practisedeny,finish,stop,enjoy/appreciatecan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escapeforbid,risk,imaginev-ing作賓語(yǔ)v-ing作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞-ing形式作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。insiston、objectto、begoodat、befondof、bebusyin、leadto、putoff、giveup、lookforwardto、feellike、devoteto、get/beusedto、payattentionto、beworth、keepon1.Myfatherisusedtogoingtobedlateandgettingupveryearly.2.I’mlookingforwardtoreceivingyourreply.3.Heinsistondoingitinhisownway.ObserveandFindv-ing作賓語(yǔ)【即學(xué)即練】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Shefeelslike______(go)abroadforfurthereducationnextyear.②Ioftenpractise___________(listen)and__________(speak)．③Theboywasluckytoescape___________(punish)．④Wedon'tallow_______(dive)inthepool.goinglisteningspeakingpunishingdiving有些動(dòng)詞如continue,start,begin等后面即可接_________________________，意義_________。1.Hecontinueworking/toworkasifnothinghappened.2.Whendidyoustartdoing/todoyourhomework?3.Theybeginmuting/tomutetheirvoices,notbeasassertive(堅(jiān)定自信的).ObserveandFindv-ing作賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞也可接不定式作賓語(yǔ)差別不大在love,like,prefer,hate等動(dòng)詞后接v-ing指_____________,接todo指__________。Hepreferredstayinginthehousewhenitrained.Heprefertostayathomethisafternoon.ObserveandFindv-ing作賓語(yǔ)經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作具體的動(dòng)作v.-ing作賓語(yǔ)，指每逢下雨天都呆在家里。todo作賓語(yǔ)，表示今天下午留在家里這一具體動(dòng)作。有些動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))后跟不定式和動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)均可，但含義不同。v-ing作賓語(yǔ)eg

Irememberpostingtheletter.I’llremembertoposttheletter.Ishallneverforgetseeingthefamouswriter.Don’tforgettowritetoyourmother.我已把信寄了。我會(huì)記著去寄信的。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記見到過(guò)那位著名作家。不要忘了給你母親寫信。1)Hestopped________(smoke)andhavearest.2)Hereallymuststop_________(smoke).3)Ioncetried________(learn)French.4)Let’stry_________(knock)atthebackdoor.5)Ididn’ttomean________(hurt)yourfeeling.6)Thiswordmeans________(set)outatonce.7)Ican’thelp________(clean)theroom,forIamtoobusy.8)Afterhearingthejoke,wecan’thelp_________(laugh).9)Waterisusedto_______(water)flowers.10)Iamusedto__________(getup)early.11)Thoughitrained,theywenton_________(work).12)WehavefinishedPart1.Let’sgoon_________(learn)Part2.tosmokesmokingtolearnknockingtohurtsetting完成句子tocleanlaughingwatergettingupworkingtolearn【即學(xué)即練】完成句子①(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ卷)Stop___________________withothers.不要拿自己和別人比較。②Missingthetrainmeans_______________________.誤了這班火車就意味著再等一個(gè)小時(shí)。③Don't_________________________incaseitrains.別忘了帶傘，以防下雨。comparingyourselfwaitingforanotherhourforgettotakeyourumbrella下列動(dòng)詞可接動(dòng)詞-ing形式的主動(dòng)形式表示_________，相當(dāng)于_________________。need/want/require/deserve/...doing＝need/want/require/deserve/...tobedoneThebikeneedsrepairing/toberepaired.Thecarpetwantscleaning/tobecleaned.ObserveandFindv-ing作賓語(yǔ)被動(dòng)意義不定式的被動(dòng)形式【即學(xué)即練】一句多譯①這個(gè)問(wèn)題值得討論?！鷂___________________________________________________.→____________________________________________________.②這個(gè)窗戶需要清理了。→____________________________________________________.→____________________________________________________.

Thequestiondeservsdiscussing.Thequestiondeservstobediscussed.Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning.Thewindowneeds/requires/wantstobecleaned.v-ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)v-ing作賓補(bǔ)使用v-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)，常表示賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系或表示v-ing形式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。We

cansee

aboy

singing

inthepicture.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)Wesee

herlistening

tomusic.Wecansee

fourkidsrunningontheplayground.Thepolicecaughtthemanstealingthemoney.作賓補(bǔ)主動(dòng)____________被動(dòng)____________在_____________后作賓補(bǔ)在_____________后作賓補(bǔ)在_____________后作賓補(bǔ)doingbeingdone感官動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)v-ing形式形式用法用法1感官動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）see,watch,observe,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel等后常接v-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)，賓語(yǔ)和賓補(bǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。以see為例：see+賓語(yǔ)+doingsth.

看見·······正在做某事感官動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+v-ing賓補(bǔ)用法21).have/make+賓語(yǔ)+doingsth.使······持續(xù)做某事2).get+賓語(yǔ)+doingsth.使······開始做某事3).keep/leave+賓語(yǔ)+doingsth.使······一直做某事e.g.I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingforsolong.Shekeptmewaitingforovertwentyminutes.I’llhaveyouspeakingEnglishinsixmonths.Don’tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.使役動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+v-ing賓補(bǔ)用法3e.g.Withthetimepassingby,healmostforgoteverythinginthepast.

Withspringcomingon,treesturngreen.with+賓語(yǔ)+v-ing賓補(bǔ)v-ing作狀語(yǔ)

Whatdothesesentenceshaveincommon?

Whatarethefunctionsandmeaningsofthe-ingforms?1.…h(huán)erbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.2.Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.3.Wanzhouisawell-knowntouristdestination,attractingthousandsofvisitors.adverbialadverbialadverbial現(xiàn)在分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，在意義上相當(dāng)于狀語(yǔ)從句，可以與狀語(yǔ)從句轉(zhuǎn)換，表示時(shí)間、原因、條件、方式、讓步等。其邏輯主語(yǔ)為句子的主語(yǔ)，兩者之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系。1.Hearingthenews,theyimmediatelysetoffforShanghai.2.Beingtired,Istoppedtohavearest.3.Thesnowlastedaweek,causingserioustrafficconfusions.4.Workinghard,youwillfinallysucceed.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ)5.Admittingwhatshehassaid,Istillthinkthatshehasn’ttriedherbest.6.Pleaseanswerthequestion,usinganotherway.7.WangPengsatinhisemptyrestaurant,feelingfrustrated.讓步狀語(yǔ)方式狀語(yǔ)伴隨狀語(yǔ)1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2.原因狀語(yǔ)3.條件狀語(yǔ)4.讓步狀語(yǔ)5.方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)6.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)用法1例：Hearing?the?news,?he?got?frightened.?=When?he?heard?the?news,?he?got?frightened.相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于as,when,while,until等引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句1.v-ing形式作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)用法2例：Not?knowing?her?address,?I?can't?write?to?her.?

=BecauseIdon’tknowher?address,?I?can't?write?to?her.

相當(dāng)于as，because等引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)原因狀語(yǔ)從句2.v-ing形式作原因狀語(yǔ)用法3例：Taking?the?path?that?leads?out?of?the?town,?you?will?come?to?a?lake.?=Ifyoutakethepaththatleadsoutofthetown,you?will?come?to?a?lake.?相當(dāng)于由if，unless，once等引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句3.v-ing形式作條件狀語(yǔ)用法4例：Living?miles?away,?he?attended?the?course.?=Althoughhelivedmilesaway,he?attended?the?course.相當(dāng)于由although，though，asif/though等引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句4.v-ing形式作讓步狀語(yǔ)用法5例：Theystood?there?for?half?an?hour?watching?the?stars?in?the?sky.=They?stood?there?for?half?an?hourandwatchedthe?stars?in?the?sky.相當(dāng)于and引導(dǎo)的一個(gè)并列句5.v-ing形式作方式、伴隨狀語(yǔ)用法6例：Thechildfelloffthetree,hittinghisheadagainsttheground.=Thechildfelloffthetree,