中英文對照外文翻譯文獻(文檔含英文原文和中文翻譯)原文：Intelligentvehicleisauseofcomputer,sensor,information,communication,navigation,artificialintelligenceandautomaticcontroltechnologytorealizetheenvironmentawareness,planningdecisionandautomaticdriveofhighandnewtechnology.Itinaspectssuchasmilitary,civilandscientificresearchhasreceivedapplication,tosolvethetrafficsafetyprovidesanewway.Withtherapiddevelopmentofautomobileindustry,theresearchaboutthecarisbecomingmoreandmoreattentionbypeople.Contestofnationalcompetitionandtheprovinceofelectronicintelligentcaralmosteverytimethisaspectofthetopic,thenationalvariousuniversitiesarealsoattachesgreatimportancetoresearchonthetopic,manycountrieshaveputtheelectronicdesigncompetitionasastrategicmeansofinnovativeeducation.Electronicdesigninvolvingmultipledisciplines,machineryandelectronics,sensortechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,artificialintelligentcontrol,computerandcommunicationtechnology,etc.,isahigh-techinthefieldofmany.Electronicdesigntechnology,itisanationalhigh-techinstanceisoneofthemostimportantstandard,itsresearchsignificanceisgreatThedesignthoughjustademomodel,butisfullofscientificandpractical.Firstweaccordingtothecomplexsituationofroadtraffic,inaccordancewiththeappropriateauthortomakearoadmodel,includingbend,straightandpavementsetobstacles,etc.Oncurvedandstraight,thecaralongtheorbitfreeexercise,whenthesmallcarmeetobstacles,pulsemodulationinfraredsensorstodetectthesignalsenttothemicrocontroller,acorrespondingcontrolsignalaccordingtotheprogramMCUcontrolcarsautomaticallyavoidobstacles,tocarryontheback,forward,turnleft,turnrightSubjectpartsIntelligentvehicleisaconcentrationofenvironmentawareness,planningdecision,multi-scaleauxiliarydriving,andotherfunctionsinanintegratedsystem,isanimportantpartofintelligenttransportationsystem.Inmilitary,civilian,spaceexplorationandotherfieldshasabroadapplicationprospect.Thedesignofsmartcarcontrolsystemarestudied,basedonpathplanningisaprocessoftheintelligentcarcontrolsystem2.1theoryisputforwardTheprogressofscienceandtechnologyofintelligentledproducts,butalsoacceleratedthepaceofdevelopment,MCUapplicationscopeofitsapplicationisincreasinglywide,hasgonefarbeyondthefieldofcomputerscience.Smalltotoys,creditCARDS,bigtothespaceshuttle,robots,fromdataacquisition,remotecontrolandfuzzycontrol,intelligentsystemswiththehumandailylife,everywhereisdependentonthesinglechipmicrocomputer,thisdesignisatypicalapplicationofsinglechipmicrocomputer.Thisdesignbyimplementingthedriverlesscar,onthetests,bythereactionofthesinglechipmicrocomputertocontrolthecar,makeitsbecomeintelligent,automaticforward,turnandstopfunction,aftercontinuingtheperfectionofthissystemalsocanbeappliedtoroadtesting,securitypatrol,canmeettheneedsofsociety.Indesign,theuseofthesensorstodetectroadsurfacecondition,sensorcentralseaarefaintandadoptsacomparingamplifieramplification,andthesignalinputtothecontroller,thecontrolledendusingsteppermotor,becauseofthestepmotoriscontrolledelectricalpulse,aslongastheoutputfromthecontrollertosatisfysteppermotormeritsoffixedcontrolword.Inoperationofsteppingmotorandadrivingcircuit,italsotojoinadrivecircuitinthecircuit,eachfunctionmoduleisdifferenttotherequirementofpowersupplycurrent,thepowersupplypartsetupconversioncircuit,soastomeettheneedsofthevariousparts.Aftercomparisonchoiceelement,designthecircuitprinciplediagramandthecircuitboard,anddothedebuggingofhardware,systemsoftwareandhardwareisoftenthecombinationoforganicwhole.Software,ontheuseofthe51single-chiptimerinterrupttocontrolpavementtestintervalandthecarmovementandspeed.Duetotakethatroadissimple,itisusingmoretraditionalassemblylanguageforprogramming.Forthecorrectnessoftheprogramdesign,usingacommonlyusedkeilc51simulationsoftwaresimulationvalidation,thelastisintegrateddebuggingofsoftwareandhardware,andprovethecorrectnessandfeasibilityofthedesignscheme.2.2electronicintelligentcardesignrequirements(1)electricvehiclescanbeabletoaccordingtothecoursetorunalltheway;(2)electricvehiclescanstoreanddisplaythenumberofdetectedmetalandsheetmetaltothestartinglineinthedistance;(3)areaccuratelyelectriccarsafterexercisingallthewaytothedisplayoftheelectricvehicletheentireexercisetime;(4)electriccarscan'tcollisionswithobstaclesintheprocessofexercise.2.3thegeneralconceptionofcomputernetworkteachingwebsiteUsing89c51asthecar'scontrolunit,sensoreight-wayfromoutside,inthefrontofthecar,asablackbeltintheprocessofthecarintothegaragedetectingelement,attherearendofthecarwhenconnectedtoeight-channelinfraredsensorsasthecarpulledoutofthegarageofablackbeltindetectingelement,theLJ18A3-8-Z/BXinductiveproximityswitchasgarageirondetectingelement,themicrocontrollerafterreceivingsensordetectsthesignalthroughthecorrespondingprocedurestocontrolthecarforward,backward,turn,sothatthecar'sperformanceindicatorsmeettherequirementsofthedesign.Intelligentcarisabranchofintelligentvehicleresearch.Itwiththewheelasmobilemechanism,torealizetheautonomousdriving,sowecallitthesmartcar.Smartcarwiththebasiccharacteristicsoftherobot,easytoprogramming.Itwithremotecontrolcarthedifferenceisthatthelatterrequirestheoperatortocontrolthesteering,start-stopandinamoreadvancedremotecontrolcarcanalsocontrolthespeed(commonmodelcarbelongtothistypeofremotecontrolcar);ThesmartcarIstobeimplementedbycomputerprogrammingforthecarstop,drivingdirectionandspeedcontrol,withouthumanintervention.Operatorthesmartcarcanbechangedbyacomputerprogramorsomedatatochangeitsdrivetype.Thischangecanbecontrolledthroughprogramming,thecharacteristicsofthecardrivingwayisthebiggestcharacteristicofsmartcar.Thecontrolsystemofsmartcarresearchpurposeistomakethecardrivingwithhigherautonomy.Ifanygivencarapath,throughthesystem,thecarcangetsystemforpathafterimageprocessingofdatamovingandAngle(a),andcanbescheduledpath,accordingtothedisplacementandAngleinformation.ThecontrolsystemstructureanalysisAccordingtotheabovedesignidea,thestructureoftheintelligentcarcontrolsystemcanbedividedintotwolayers1,theplanninglayerPCcontrolsystem,theplanninglayerprovidestheinformationofthewholecardriving,includingpathprocessingmoduleandcommunicationmodule.Ithastosolvethebasicproblem(1)usingwhattoolstodealwiththecarpathgraph;(2)thecarmovementmodelisestablished,thedatatocalculatethecardriving;(3)setupthecar'smotionmodel,thedatatocalculatethecardriving;Layer2,behaviorLowermachinecontrolsystem,thebehavioristheunderlyingstructureofasmartcarcontrolsystem,realizethereal-timecontrolofthecardriving,itincludescommunicationmodule,motorcontrolmoduleanddataacquisitionmodule.Ittosolvethebasicproblemsare:(1)receiving,processing,PCsendsdatainformation;(2)thedesignofsteppingmotorcontrolsystem;(3)informationcollectionandthedisplacementandAngleofthecar,carpositioningposture,analysissystemcontrolerror;ThetotaldesignschemeSmartcarcontrolsystemareobtainedbysystemstructure,orderprocess:(1)startAutoCAD,createorselectaclosedcurveasthecartpath,pickupthecarstarting$pathgraph(2)tochoosethepathofthegraphicsprocessing,makethecarturningexistoutsidetheminimumturningradiusofedgesandcornerswithcirculararctransition(3)togenerateanewpathtosimulatethemotionprocessofcar;(4)tocalculatethedisplacementofthecardrivingneedandwheelAngle,andthensendsthedatatothemachine(5)underthemachineafterreceivingdata,throughsoftwareprogrammingcontroltherotationspeedandAngleofthecarwheelsandmakeitaccordingtothepredeterminedpathAcompletecontrolsystemrequirementscloselylinkedtoeachfunctionmoduleinthesystem,accordingtotheorderprocessandtherelationshipbetweenthem,thetotaldesignschemeofthesystemisavailable.DesignofbasicallyhasthefollowingseveralmodulesPart1,theinformationacquisitionmodule,datacollectioniscomposedofphotoelectricdetectionandoperationamplifiermodule,photoelectricdetectionweretracingtestandspeedtestoftwoparts.Todetectthesignalafterbudgetamplifiermodulelm324amplifierplastictosinglechip,itscorepartisseveralphotoelectricsensor.2,controlprocessingmodule:controlprocessingmoduleisastc89c52MCUasthecore,themicrocontrollerwillbecollectedfromtheinformationafterthejudgement,inaccordancewithapredeterminedalgorithmprocessing,andthehandlingresultstothemotordriveandaliquidcrystaldisplaymodule,makesthecorrespondingaction.3,performmodule:executablemoduleconsistsofliquidcrystaldisplay(LCD),motordriveandmotor,buzzerofthreeparts.LCDismainlybasedontheresultsofsinglechipreal-timedisplay,convenientandtimelyusersunderstandthecurrentstateofthesystem,motordriverbasedonsinglechipmicrocomputerinstructionfortwomotormovements,canaccordingtoneedtomakethecorrespondingacceleration,deceleration,turning,parkingandothermovements,inordertoachievethedesiredpurpose.Buzzerismainlyaccordingtotherequirementsinaparticularpositiontomakearesponsetothereport.譯文一、引言智能車輛是一個運用計算機、傳感、信息、通信、導(dǎo)航、人工智能及自動控制等技術(shù)來實現(xiàn)環(huán)境感知、規(guī)劃決策和自動行駛為一體的高新技術(shù)綜合體。它在軍事、民用和科學(xué)研究等方面已獲得了應(yīng)用，對解決道路交通安全提供了一種新的途徑隨著汽車工業(yè)的迅速發(fā)展，關(guān)于汽車的研究也就越來越受人關(guān)注。全國電子大賽和省內(nèi)電子大賽幾乎每次都有智能小車這方面的題目，全國各高校也都很重視該題目的研究，許多國家已經(jīng)把電子設(shè)計比賽作為創(chuàng)新教育的戰(zhàn)略性手段。電子設(shè)計涉及到多個學(xué)科，機械電子、傳感器技術(shù)、自動控制技術(shù)、人工智能控制、計算機與通信技術(shù)等等，是眾多領(lǐng)域的高科技。電子設(shè)計技術(shù)，它是一個國家高科技實例的一個重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，可見其研究意義很大。本次設(shè)計雖然只是一個演示模型，但是具有充分的科學(xué)性和實用性。首先我們根據(jù)交通路面的復(fù)雜情況，按照適當(dāng)?shù)谋壤谱鞒鲆粋€路況模型，包括彎道、直道以及路面上設(shè)置的障礙物等。在彎、直道上，小車沿著預(yù)定軌道自由行使，當(dāng)小車遇到障礙物時，脈沖調(diào)制的紅外線傳感器將檢測到的信號發(fā)送給單片機，單片機根據(jù)程序發(fā)出相應(yīng)的控制信號控制小車自動避開障礙物，進行倒車、前進、左轉(zhuǎn)、右轉(zhuǎn)等動作。二、主題部分智能車輛是集環(huán)境感知、規(guī)劃決策、多等級輔助駕駛等功能于一體的綜合系統(tǒng)，是智能交通系統(tǒng)的一個重要組成部分。它在軍事、民用、太空開發(fā)等領(lǐng)域有著廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。本次設(shè)計對智能小車的控制系統(tǒng)進行了研究，設(shè)計實現(xiàn)一個基于路徑規(guī)劃處理的智能小車控制系統(tǒng)2.1理論的提出科技的進步帶動了產(chǎn)品的智能化，單片機的應(yīng)用更是加快了發(fā)展的步伐，它的應(yīng)用范圍日益廣泛，已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的超出了計算機科學(xué)領(lǐng)域。小到玩具、信用卡，大到航天飛機、機器人，從實現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)采集、遠(yuǎn)程控制、模糊控制等智能系統(tǒng)帶人類的日常生活，到處離不開單片機，此設(shè)計正是單片機的一個典型的應(yīng)用。此設(shè)計通過實現(xiàn)了小車的無人駕駛，通過對路面的檢測，由單片機來判斷控制其小車的反應(yīng)情況，使其變得智能化，實現(xiàn)自動的前進，轉(zhuǎn)彎，停止功能，此系統(tǒng)還不斷的完善后可以應(yīng)用到道路檢測，安全巡邏中，能滿足社會的需求。在設(shè)計上，使用連個傳感器來檢測路面的情況，傳感器的心海比較微弱，采用一個放大器進行比較放大，并將其信號輸入到控制器，在受控制端使用步進電機，因為步進電機是用電脈沖進行控制的，只要從控制器輸出滿足步進電機功過的固定控制字即可。此外步進電機的運作還要一個驅(qū)動電路，故電路中還要加入一個驅(qū)動電路，各個功能模塊對電源電流的要求不同，對電源部分設(shè)置轉(zhuǎn)換電路，從而滿足各個部分的需要。經(jīng)過元件的比較選擇，設(shè)計出電路原理圖和電路板，并做好硬件的調(diào)試，系統(tǒng)往往是軟件和硬件兩者相結(jié)合的有機整體。軟件上，使用51單片機的定時器中斷來控制路面檢測間隔和小車的運動及速度。由于帶那路比較簡單，就采用較為傳統(tǒng)的匯編語言進行程序設(shè)計。對于程序設(shè)計的正確性，用較常用的keilc51仿真軟件進行仿真驗證，最后便是軟硬件的綜合調(diào)試，證明本設(shè)計方案的正確性和可行性。2.2電子智能小車的設(shè)計要求①電動車能夠能夠按照行使路線跑完全程；②電動車能存儲并顯示檢測到的金屬片數(shù)目以及金屬片至起跑線的距離；③要求電動車行使完全程后能夠準(zhǔn)確的顯示電動車全程行使時間；④電動車在行使過程中不能與障礙物碰撞。2.3計算摘要：本次設(shè)計的智能循跡小車是以單片機89c51為主控制器。運用反射式紅外傳感器來進行路徑檢測和速度監(jiān)測模塊。將檢測數(shù)據(jù)傳回單片機進行處理，同時，用單片機產(chǎn)生PWM波來控制小車的行進速度，并實時控制小車的行進狀態(tài)。另外，在小車上還擴展了LCD作為人機交互界面，以便于實時了解小車個監(jiān)測傳感器的狀態(tài)機小車的實時數(shù)據(jù)，由于本次設(shè)計的是智能自動循跡小車，整個任務(wù)過程無需人工的任何干預(yù)，故而沒有進行鍵盤及遙控等的人工操作設(shè)備。用多路傳感器的實時監(jiān)測和算法的緊密