UnitOne

I.Objectives

令Toacquaintthestudentswiththetypeofwriting-narrationandtheessentialelements

ofnarration:purpose,timesequence,pointofview,organizationetc.

令Tolistentoorreadsomerelatedmaterialsaboutthetopicofinterview.

令Toletthestudentsmastertheusageofsomenewwordsandkeyexpressions

令Toreviewtheprincipalusesof-ingor-edparticiplesandofthe-ingand-edparticipial

phrases.

II.TeachingEmphases:

1.ThecomprehensionandappreciationofTextI;

2.Newwordsandexpressions:

Awkward;dreary;rotund;grunt;proceed;dismay;appall;diffidently;singularly;

reckon;querulous;somber;scribble;attachimportanceto;havesth.incommon;acrocodile

of

III.TeachingMethods:presentation;questions;discussion

IV.TeachingTool:multi-medium.

V.CheckingMethods:examination;questions;discussion;homework

VI.TeachingProcedures:(8periods)

Lead-in

1.MovieClip

2.Quotes

1.MovieQip

Watchthemovieclipandanswerthefollowingquestions.

1.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutMr.SamWitwicky?

Hemajoredingeopoliticsandminoredintechstudies,andgraduatedfromanivycollegethis

year.Hewasinterestedingovernmentandtechnologyandhowtheyintersectandco-exist.

2.Whatdidhedointhepastthreemonths?Whatwastheresult?

Heattendedalotofjobinterviewsinthreemonthsbutfailedtofindajob.Intheend,hewas

hiredtoworkinthemailroomofAccurattaSystems,thegloballeaderintelecom,aerospace,

17billioninprofitlastyear.

Discussion:

WhatdoyoulearnfromSam'sjobinterviewingexperience?

(Thisisanopenquestion.)

2.Quotes

Readthefollowingproverbsandtellyourclassmateswhichoneisyourfavorite.Stateyour

reasons.

Thebestwaytoappreciateyourjobistoimagineyourselfwithoutone.

一OscarWilde

Don'tbeafraidtogiveyourbesttowhatseeminglyaresmalljobs.Everytimeyouconqueroneit

makesyouthatmuchstronger.Ifyoudothelittlejobswell,thebigoneswilltendtotakecareof

themselves.

—DaleCarnegie

Therearenomenialjobs,onlymenialattitudes.

一WilliamJ.Bennett

Thesupremeaccomplishmentistoblurthelinebetweenworkandplay.

一ArnoldToynbee

Chooseajobyoulove,andyouwillneverhavetoworkadayinyourlife.

-Confucius

Ifyouhaveajobwithoutanyaggravations,youdon'thaveajob.

一MalcolmS.Forbes

Findajobyoulikeandyouaddfivedaystoeveryweek.

一H.JacksonBrowne

Itiseasiertodoajobrightthantoexplainwhyyoudidn't.

-MartinVanBuren

ListeningInandSpeakingOut

1.Notes

2.Listening

3.SpeakingPractice

1.Notes

I.assess-evaluateorestimatethenatureorqualityof

2.benefits-welfare

3.potential—possible

4.prestige-status

5.dampen—reduce,subdue

6.tobeexemptfrom—notbeaffectedorboundby,beexcusedfrom

7.compensatory-relatedtothepaymentofcompensation

2.Listening

Listentotherecordingandanswerthefollowingquestions.

1.Whenyoureceiveajoboffer,whatissuesmustyouconsiderbeforemakingadecision?

Whenyoureceiveajoboffer,youmustconsidermanyissuesbeforemakingadecision,suchas:

Willtheorganizationbeagoodplacetowork?Willthejobbeinteresting?Arethereopportunities

foradvancement?Isthesalaryfair?Doestheemployeroffergoodbenefits?

2.Canyouaskyourpotentialemployerdirectlyaboutsuchissues?

Yes,youcanaskyourpotentialemployerdirectlyaboutsuchissues,andyoushouldalsodosome

checkingonyourown.

3.Whyisajobwithalackofopportunitiesconsideredabadoffer?

Becausealackofopportunitiescandampeninterestintheworkandresultinfrustrationand

boredom.

4.Listseveralsourceswhereyoucanfindinformationaboutearningsandbenefits.

OneofthebestplacestostartistheinformationfromtheBureauofLaborStatistics.Youcan

alsofindinformationaboutearningsandbenefitsfromyourfamily,friends,oracquaintanceswho

recentlywerehiredinsimilarjobs.Oryoucanaskyourteachersandthestaffinplacementoffices

aboutstartingpayforgraduateswithyourqualifications.Help-wantedadsinnewspapers

sometimesgivesalaryrangesforsimilarpositions.CheckthelibraryoryourschooPscareer

centerforsalarysurveys.

5.Whyistheorganization\policyregardingovertimeanimportantfactortoconsider?

Becausedependingonthejob,youmayormaynotbeexemptfromlawsrequiringtheemployer

tocompensateyouforovertime.

3?SpeakingPractice

Giveanoralpresentationonthesummaryofthemainpointsofthelisteningpassage.

Foryourreference

Thekeypoints:

-decidetoacceptorrejectthejoboffer

-issuestoconsiderwhenassessingthejoboffer

-featuresofagoodjob

Discussandcommentontheeffectivenessofeachother'soralpresentation.

Workinpairsandtaketurnstoaskandgiveanswersaboutthefollowingtopics:

a.Whatkindofjobdoyouthinkisanidealjobforyou?

b.Whatfactorswillyoutakeintoconsiderationwhenchoosingajob?

c.Whichdoyouthinkismoreimportant,highsalaryorpromotionpossibilities?

Text

1.TextI

(1)Pre-ReadingQuestions

(2)GeneralReading

(3)BackgroundNotes

(4)Text

(5)CommentsontheText

(6)Exercises

2.TextII

(1)Text

(2)Comprehension

TextI

1.Pre-ReadingQuestions

Beforeyoureadthetext,thinkaboutthetitleandtickoffthestatementswhichyouthinkare

likelytotellthecontentofthetext.

J1.Thewriterdescribeswhathisfirstjobwaslike.

_2.Thewriterwantedtohaveajobbecausehewantedsomeexperience.

J3.Thewriterfoundhisfirstjobunpleasant

—4.Thewriterenjoyedhisfirstjob

2.GeneralReading

Guidelinesforskimming

1.Runtheeyesoverthetextrapidly,readonlythefamiliarwordsandphrasesandignorethe

unfamiliarones.Trytopiecetogetherthebitsofinformationgatheredfromtherapidreading

sensiblysothatthemainidea(s)is(are)grasped.

2.Trytorecognizethekeywordsandphrases,i.e.,wordsandphrasesthatarecloselyrelatedto

thetitleofthetext;andignorethesupportingdetails,i.e.,anythingthatdescribes,explains,or

developsthemainidea(s).

3.Readonlythefirstandthelastsentenceofeachparagraph,for,asarule,thegistofa

paragraphisfoundthere.But,ofcourse,therearealwaysexceptions.

4.Readthefirstparagraphandthelastparagraphofatextforthesamereasonas3.

Gooverthetextrapidlyonceandthendecidewhichofthefollowingstatementsbestsums

upthecontent.

—1.Thewriterwenttoaninterviewandfeltdepressed.

_2.Thewriterwasinterviewedbytheheadmasterofaschoolandwasnotgivenajobwhich

heneededbadly.

V3.Thewriterwasinterviewedbytheheadmasterofaschoolandwasofferedajobwhich

wasnonetoopleasant.

3.BackgroundNotes

(1)jobinterview

Ajobinterviewtypicallyprecedesthehiringdecision,andisusedtoevaluatethecandidate.

Theinterviewisusuallyprecededbytheevaluationofsubmittedresumesfrominterested

candidates,andaselectionofasmallnumberofcandidatesforinterviews.Potentialjobinterview

opportunitiesalsoincludenetworkingeventsandcareerfairs.Thejobinterviewisconsideredone

ofthemostusefultoolsforevaluatingpotentialemployees.Aninterviewalsoallowsthecandidate

toassessthecorporatecultureanddemandsofthejob.

(2)GeneralSchoolCertificate

GeneralCertificateofEducation(GCE)standsforaneducationalqualificationinBritain.

TherearetwolevelsofexaminationsintheBritishGCE.Schoolchildrenattheageof15or16

maytakeanynumberofexaminationsinarangeofsubjectsand,afterpassingtheexaminations,

areawarded"O"Level(ordinarylevel)GCEs.Studentsaged17orovermaytake"A"Level

(advancedlevel)examinations,whicharenecessaryforentrancetoauniversity.TheGCEwas

replacedbyGeneralCertificateofSecondaryEducation(GCSE)in1988.

(3)cricket

Cricketisabat-and-ballgameplayedbetweentwoteamsof11playersonanoval-shaped

field,atthecentreofwhichisarectangular22-yardlongpitch.Oneteambats,tryingtoscoreas

manyrunsaspossiblewhiletheotherteambowls(投球)andfields(接球)，tryingtodismissthe

batsmenandthuslimittherunsscoredbythebatting(擊球)team.Arun(得分、跑位)isscoredby

thestrikingbatsmanhittingtheballwithhisbat,runningtotheoppositeendofthepitchand

touchingthecrease(位置線)therewithoutbeingdismissed.Theteamsswitchbetweenbatting

andfieldingattheendofaninnings(球局).

4.TextIMyFirstJob

Wordsandphrases:

(1)post:n.ajoborofficialpositioninacompanyororganization

e.g.Hissonhadresignedhispostashisassistantintheirfamilyfirm.

Accordingtothedeputyprimeminister,thenewgovernorwillkeephispostandhas

alreadystartedperforminghisduties.

(2)beshortof:nothaveenough

e.g.Ifyou'veevermislaidyourkeysorglassesandblamedthisonbeingdaftorforgetful,

youmaybeabitshortofsleep.

Consumerswillbeshortofmoneyinthemonthsahead,whichcouldholdbackretail

salesgrowth.

(3)apply:v.writealetterorfillinaforminordertoaskformallyforsomethingsuchasajobor

membershipofanorganization

e.g.Thereareseveralwaystoapplyforajob,anditalldependsonwhatkindofjobitis.

Remember,yourinformationisconfidentialandthecollegeyouapplytodoesn'tshareit

withanyoneelse.

(4)slim:a.verysmall

e.g.Aperson,whospeaksonlyonelanguage,hasaslimchanceforsuccessinthe21st

centuryjobmarket.

Whilesomepeopleseethesestepsasacknowledgingthelawsuits'slimchancesof

success,otherssimplyseethemasasmartbackupplan.

(5)summon:v.ordertocome

e.g.TheBritishroyalfamilyhasunderlinedAustralia'simportancetotheCommonwealth

withtheQueensummoningPrimeMinisterJuliaGillardforaprivatechatduringthe

royalweddingday.

Someclaimthatspiritsareallarounduseveryday,sosummoningoneshouldbeas

simpleassayinghellotoastrangeronthebus.

(6)dreary:a.dullanddepressing

e.g.Itwasadrearyday,coldandwithoutsunshine.

Whatmakeslifedrearyisthewantofmotive.

(7)gabled:a.(ofaroof)constructedwithasingleslopeoneachsideoftheridgesupportedatthe

endbyagableorverticaltriangularportionofanendwall

e.g.Agabledroofisatypeofslopedroofinwhichthetwohalvesoftheroofmeettoforma

peakwhichtopstriangularsectionsofwalloneitherendofthehome.

Thegabledsunroomroofoffersanartisticflaretoyourhome.

(8)rotund:a.roundandfat

e.g.Ithasasmallstandatthebasethatholdthisrotundproductfromrollingaround.

Thissoftlittlepenguinhashadtoomanyfishtoeat;heissorotund!

(9)ample:a.fairlylarge

e.g.Herbabywasrestingagainstheramplebosom.

Thecandidatewilljoinanexcitingresearchteamwithampleresourcesandexcellent

trainingopportunities.

(10)loop:v.goinacirculardirectionthatmakesacurvedshape

e.g.Somewerestraight,somewerebentandsomeevenloopedbackonthemselvesin

toroidalconfigurations.

Itismadefromroundwirewhichisfirstloopedatregularlypitchedintervalsand

thenpressedintoadeepwedge-shapedsection.

(11)grunt:v.makealowroughnoise,especiallybecauseoneisannoyedoruninterested

e.g.Shegruntedafewwordsinreply,thenturnedandwalkedaway.

Whenhehadfinishedthelastdrop,hegruntedandwalkedsleepilyintothebox.

(12)stale:a.(ofairorsmell)unpleasantbecauseitisnolongerfresh

e.g.Theroomsmellsofstaleair.Itmusthavebeenvacantforalongtime.

Potatochipsbecomestalewhentheyareexposedtoairforanextendedperiodoftime.

(13)dingy:a.(ofcolor)discoloredbyimpurities;notbrightandclear

e.g.Weallknowthataftertimewashingwhiteclotheslookdingy.

HowdoIkeepmywhitesheetsfromgettingdingywithoutusingbleach?

(14)bescaixedwith:bedamagedwithbyhavinguglymarksonthesurface

e.g.Tracy'slifeisforeverscarredwiththesuddenlossesoflovedones.

TheMoonisscarredwithancientcratersthat,onEarth,wouldhavelongago

weatheredaway.

(15)proceedto:dosomethingafterdoingsomethingelsefirst

e.g.Sinceeveryoneagreesonthemailer,lei'sproceedtodiscussthenextpoint.

Beforeweproceedtoexaminethispartofthecase,itmaybepropertolistentothe

witness.

(16)attachimportanceto:laystresson,giveorascribeimportanceto

e.g.Manycompaniesattachimportancetoetiquetteandmannersinadditiontoindividuals*

abilitiesandskills.

Wemustattachimportancetofoodsafetybecauseitisconcerningpeople'slives.

(17)singularly:ad.(formal)very,toaremarkabledegree

e.g.Hemadeasingularlysuccessfulattemptatdevisinganewcomputerprogram.

(18)consistof:bemadeupof,beformedfrom

e.g.Youressayshouldconsistofanintroduction,themainbodyandaconclusion.

Thewhitebloodcellsconsistoffivedifferentkindsofcells,allofwhichplaya

differentroleinfightinginfection.

(19)rangein...fromAtoB:varyofsomethingbetweenAandBonascaleofmeasurementor

quality

e.g.Vacuumcleanersrangeinpricefromlessthan$100tomorethan$500.

Thechildrenattheorphanagerangeinagefrominfantto10_12yearsold.

(20)appal:v.causetobeunpleasantlysuiprised

e.g.Theywereappalledwhentheyheardthatthechairmanhadbeenmurdered.

ThedecisiontocloseabookshopattheDylanThomasCentrewouldhaveappalled

thepoetafterwhichthevenueisnamed.

(21)splitupinto:divideinto

e.g.Thisdocumentassumesthattheprojectwillbesplitupintodifferentsectionsthatcan

beimplementedandtestedseparately.

WorldWideWebmaysplitupintoseveralseparatenetworks.

(22)inturn:oneafteranotherinafixedoragreedorder

e.g.Allthestudentsansweredtheirteacher\questioninturn.

Therewerecheersforeachoftheartistswhentheyperforminturn.

(23)bedismayedat:feelafraid,worriedorsadat

e.g.Don'tbedismayedatgoodbyes,afarewellisnecessarybeforeyoucanmeetagain

andmeetingagain,aftermomentsorlifetimes,iscertainforthosewhoarefriends.

Theartistsaidhewasdismayedatthegovernment'sdecisiontocutmillionsfromthe

artsbudget.

(24)acrocodileof:alonglineofpeopleorthings,whicharemovingtogether

e.g.Everyonewassurprisedtofindthatacrocodileofcoachesappearedonthenarrow

streetearlierinthemorning.

(25)gettoone'sfeet:standup

e.g.Afterrunningfbrsuchalongdistance,thelittlegirlcouldnotgettoherfeetfinally.

Notes

(1)Croydon

acityinSurrey,England,southofLondon

(2)aten-minutebusride

abusridethattakestenminutes

ten-minuteisacompoundadjectiveoftimeformedbycombiningacardinalnumberwitha

nouninthesingularnumberwhicharejoinedbyahyphen.

e.g.athree-weekholiday,aten-kilobagofrice,atwo-month-oldbaby

Ordinalnumbersareusedincompoundadjectivesinasimilarway.

e.g.afirst-rateopera,asecond-handbook,anineteenth-centuiybuilding.

(3)Victorianhouse

ahousetypicalofthetimeQueenVictoria(1819—1901)reignedoverBritain(1837—1901)

(4)sash-window

Anatomyo!aWindow

windowoftwoframeswhichopenbyslidingoneframeupordownbehindorinfrontofthe

othe上下推拉窗

(5)Hisstudy,judgingbythecrumbsonthecarpet,wasalsohisdiningroom.

An-ingphraseusuallyhasalogicalsubject.Whenthe-ingphrasefunctionsasanadverbial,its

logicalsubjectisusuallythesubjectofthemainclause.Asageneralrule,the-bigparticipleand

thesubjectofthemainclauseshouldbecorrectlyrelated.However,some-ingparticipleshave

becomefixedexpressions,andsotheruleofcorrectrelationnolongerapplies.Forexample,the

judgingbyphraseintheabovesentenceiscorrectlyusedalthoughitslogicalsubjectisnothis

study.

e.g.Judgingfromtheresult,hehasworkedhardfortheteam.

Generallyspeaking,morepeoplepreferTVtothecinema.

(6)Thiswasthelaststraw.

ThiswasthetroublethatmadethesituationunbearablewhenitwasaddedtothetroubleIwas

experiencing.

5.CommentsontheText

Narrationistheformofdiscoursegenerallyusedinnovels,shortstoriesandplays.

Narrativewritingtellsastory,eitherbrieflyoratsomelength.Inanarrativepieceofwriting,

thesequentialoccurrenceofeventsisvital.

“MyFirstJob“isashortsimplenarrativepassage.Inthetext,thehappeningsthatmakeup

theepisodearearrangedintheorderoftheiroccurrence.

Descriptionisalsofoundinthisnarrativepassage,butherethedescriptionisnotlengthy.It

helpstomakethenaiTativemorevivid.

Thewriter'spurposeistotellusabouthisfrighteningandannoyingexperienceinhis

interviewwiththeheadmaster,andabouthisfirstjob,whichwasunpleasant.

Hereisananalysisofthewriter\techniques:

1.Narrationoftheprocessofjobhunting

1)hisapplicationfbrthejob

2)amindfullofmisgivings:noteachingexperience,nodegree(One'seducational

backgroundcountsveryheavilyinjob-hunting.Thespecialtrainingorsubjectsonehas

hadandthedegreesordiplomasonehasobtainedbothincreaseone'svalueasan

employee.)

3)Thejobinterview:Thisisprobablythemostimportantaspectofthejob-seekingprocess

andthecrucialfactorastowhetheronewillbeemployed.

Theinterviewitselfisdescribedindetail.

a)ameetingwiththeheadmaster,theprospectiveemployer,facetoface

b)thewriter'sresponsetoquestions(Usuallyanemployerisinterestedinthe

education,experience,andspecialinterestsandabilitiesoftheapplicant.)

c)theusualsignaltoendtheinterview(Theinterviewerwilllettheapplicantknow

whentheinterviewisover.Theusualsignalistorise.Assoonastheinterviewerdoes

so,theapplicantshouldalsoriseandthenleave.)

d)thesalaryquestion(Moreoftenthannot,thesalarypaidforaposition—atleastthe

generalrange—isknowntotheapplicantbeforetheinterview.However,ifthesalary

isnotknownoriftheinterviewerdoesnotmentionit,theapplicantcanasknearthe

endoftheinterview.Thespecificamountpaidwilldependuponthequalificationsof

theapplicant.)

2.Thedevelopmentofthemainidea

Thewriter^methodofdevelopingthemainideaisbyenumeratingspecificdetails

relevanttothetheme.

1)schoolbeingalongwayfromhishome

2)inconvenienttransportation—anawkwardjourney

3)hotweather

4)poorsurroundings

outsidetheschoolbuilding—busymainroad,dustyandfulloffumes

insidetheschoolbuilding-dirtyanduntidy

5)unfavourableimpressionoftheheadmaster—hisuntidystudyandsuit,hisstrange,

distastefulappearance

6)terribleteachingset-up一aclassof24boysfrom7to13,threedifferentlevels;

compelledtoteachtwosubjectsthewriterwasnotgoodat;requiredtotakethepupilsto

theParkamileawaytoplaycricketonSaturdayafternoons

7)meagresalary

8)workingunderawoman

3.Theuseofdescription

Thewriter'sdescriptionoftheschool,bothoutsideandinside,andoftheheadmaster9s

appearanceandhismanners,preparesthereadersfortheunpleasantnessofthejobinterview.

Thewriter'scarefulselectionandorganizationofthemanyspecificdetailscontribute

effectivelytotheprimarynarrativepurposeofconvincingthereaderoftheunpleasantnessof

hisfirstjobinterview.

6.Exercises

Explainthefollowinginyourownwords.

1.Beingveryshortofmoneyandwantingtodosomethinguseful,Iapplied,fearingasIdidso,

thatwithoutadegreeandwithnoexperienceofteachingmychancesoflandingthejobwereslim.

BecauseIwasinbadneedofmoneyandwaseagertodosomethingofuse,Iappliedfor(hejob.

ButatthesametimethatIdidso,Iwasafraidthatthepossibilityformetogetthejobwasvery

smallbecauseIdidn'thaveauniversitydegree,nordidIhaveanyteachingexperience.

2....threedayslateraletterarrived,summoningmetoCroydonforaninterview.

...threedayslaterIreceivedaletter,askingmetogotoCroydontohaveaninterview.

3.Helookedatmewithanairofsurpriseddisapproval,asacolonelmightlookataprivatewhose

bootlaceswereundone.

Hecastalookatmewiththesamesurpriseanddislikeasacolonelwouldlookatasoldierwhen

hisbootlacescameloose.

4.TheheadmasterandIobviouslyhadsingularlylittleincommon.

ApparentlytheheadmasterandIhadnosimilarinterestsorbeliefs.

5.Theteachingset-upappalledme.

Thewayteachingwasorganizedfilledmewithterror(or,Iwasshockedattheteaching

arrangements).

6.Ishouldhavetosplittheclassupintothreegroupsandteachtheminturnatthreedifferent

levels.

Ishouldhavetodividetheclassintothreegroupsofthreedifferentlevelsandteachthemoneafter

another.

7.ItwasnotsomuchhavingtotrampamilealongthedustystreetsofCroydon,followedbya

crocodileofsmallboysthatIminded,butthefactthatmostofmyfriendswouldbeenjoying

leisurealthattime.

IfelttroublednotbecauseIhadtowalkforamilealongthedustystreetsofCroydon,followedby

agroupofboys,butbecauseatthattimemostofmyfriendswouldbehavingagoodtimeand

relaxing.

8.Theprospectofworkingunderawomanconstitutedtheultimateindignity.

ThefactthatIwouldhavetoworkunderawomaninfuturemademefeeltotallyhumiliated.

TextIIHowtoDoWellonaJobInterview

Notes

(1)arandomselectionofpeople

anumberofpeoplewhoarechosenwithoutadefiniteplan,pattern,orpuipose

e.g.Thewaythebookswerearrangedseemedcompletelyrandom.

Bulletswerebeingfiredintothecrowdatrandom.

(2)standingoutofthecrowd

beingdifferentfromotherssothatonecanbeeasilynoticed

(3)BozotheClown

Bozoreferstoastupidorinsignificantman.Here,itisapopularnamegiventoaclown

(4)thumbs-downdecision

adecisionnottogivepermissionforsomethingortoshowdisapproval.Thumbs-downcan

alsobeusedasanoun.

e.g.Tooursurprise,theperformancereceivedathumbs-down.

(5)skirtsuit

anoutfitthatconsistsofajacketandskirtmadefromthesamefabric

cf.aman'ssuitisanoutfitthatconsistsofajacket,trousersandsometimesawaistcoat,all

madefromthesamefabric.

(6)prospective

usedofsomeonewhointendstodoaparticularthing,forexampletohaveaparticular

profession.

e.g.SheismarriedtoaprospectiveMemberofParliament.

(7)fitinwiththatgroupofpeople

beabletobepartofthatgrouporiscompatiblewiththatgroup

e.g.It'sdifficulttoknowwherebooksofthiskind/z；in.

Maryisanursewhoiswillingtofitinwithyourwayofdoingthings.

(8)cologne

amildperfume

e.g.Shepowderedherselfanddabbedcolognebehindherears.

(9)cement

strengthenorconfirm

e.g.Ourobjectistofurthercementtraderelations.

(10)lead

apieceofinformationoranideathatmayhelppeopletodiscovermanyunknownfacts,for

exampleintheinvestigationofacrimeorinascientificexperiment

e.g.Thepolicewerefollowingupseveralleads.

Theywerelookingforaleadtothedisappearanceofthatman.

(11)Onlyinthiswayareyougoingtobeprepared.

Sentencesthatbeginwithonlyareusuallyinvertedsentences.

e.g.Onlyyesterdaydidherealizewhatamistakehehadmade.

(12)launchinto

begin(something)energeticallyandenthusiastically

e.g.Themomenthearrived,helaunchedintohandshakingandchatting.

Shelaunchedintoatwo-hoursalespitch.

(13)makeitonethat...

trytochooseaflawthat...

(14)match

usedasanoun,whichmeansapersonorthingthatresemblesorcorrespondstoanother

e.g.Thechild'sidenticaltwinwouldbeaperfectmatchfororgandonation.

Hewasanunsuitablematchforanyoftheirdaughters.

(15)ajerk

{informal)acontemptiblyfoolishperson

(16)badmouth

(informal)usedasaverb,whichmeanstocriticize(someone)behindtheirback

e.g.Noonewantstohireanindividualwhobadmouthsaprioremployer.

Hebad-mouthedmetoeverybodyelse.

(17)givevoiceto

allow(aparticularemotionoropinion)tobeexpressed

e.g.Atlastshegavevoicetohermisgivings.

Thenewelectoralsystemgivesminoritypartiesavoice.

(18)match

usedasaverb,whichmeanstocorrespondinsomeessentialrespect

e.g.Ithoughtwe'dhaveprimrosewallstomatchthebath.

I'mafraidthejacketandtrousersdon'tmatch.

(19)bedyingto

(informal)wantverymuchtodosomething

e.g.Theyarealldyingtoknowwhereyouhadbeen.

Fmdyingfaracupoftea.

(20)waver

hesitatebeforemakingadecision

e.g.Aftersom