文章編號(hào)169289-查看本文應(yīng)用注意：本篇文章的內(nèi)容適用于其他版本的Windows(不包括您正在使用的版本)WindowsXP(DHCPRFC1541（RFC文章編號(hào)169289-查看本文應(yīng)用注意：本篇文章的內(nèi)容適用于其他版本的Windows(不包括您正在使用的版本)WindowsXP(DHCPRFC1541（RFC2131取代）IP地址和配置信息動(dòng)態(tài)分發(fā)給客戶端。正常情況下，DHCP服務(wù)IP(DNS)WindowsInternet(WINS)DHCP服務(wù)MicrosoftDHCPWindowsNTServer3.5、3.51WindowsNTWorkstation3.5、3.51WindowsMS-DOSMicrosoftMS-DOSMicrosoftLANManagerWindowsMicrosoftTCP/IP-323.11、3.11aDHCPDHCPMicrosoftDHCPDHCPMicrosoft121005(http:///kb/121005/zh-cnDHCPMicrosoftDHCPWindowsNTServer3.5WindowsNTServer3.51WindowsNTServer4.0DHCPSourceDestSourceDestPacketMACaddrMACaddrIPaddrIPaddr---ClientBroadcast55DHCPDiscoverDHCPsrvrBroadcastDHCPsrvr55DHCPOfferClient55DHCPRequestDHCPsrvrBroadcastDHCPsrvr55DHCPDHCPDHCPDHCPDISCOVERDHCPDISCOVERIPDHCPIP部分，您可以看到目的地址為5。DHCPDiscoverCHADDRDHCP的IP:ID=0x0;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughputIP: 0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328(0x148)IP:Identification=0(0x0)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=Lastfragmentindatagram 0.=MayfragmentifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagramIP:Checksum=0x39A6IP:SourceAddress=IP:DestinationAddress=55IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=308(0x0134)DHCP:Discover(xid=21274A1D)DHCP:OpCode(op)=1(0x1)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=556223005(0x21274A1D)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)=<Blank>DHCP:BootFileName(file)=<Blank>DHCP:MagicCookie=[OK]DHCP:OptionField(options)DHCP:DHCPMessageType=DHCPDiscoverDHCP:Client-identifier=(Type:1)08002b2ed85eDHCP:HostName=JUMBO-WSDHCP:ParameterRequestList=(Length:7)010f032c2e2f06DHCP:EndofthisoptionfieldDHCPDHCPOFFERIPDHCPIP55。DHCPDHCPDHCPOFFERIPDHCPIP55。DHCPOffer。YIADDRIP地址。請(qǐng)注意，CHADDRDHCP選項(xiàng)字段部分，我們可以看到服務(wù)器發(fā)送的各個(gè)選項(xiàng)以及IP地址。在這種情況下，服務(wù)器將發(fā)送子網(wǎng)掩碼、默認(rèn)網(wǎng)關(guān)（路由器）、租用時(shí)間、WINS服務(wù)器地址（NetBIOS名稱服務(wù)）NetBIOSIP:ID=0x3C30;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughput 0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328IP:Identification=15408(0x3C30)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=Lastfragmentindatagram 0.=MaydatagramifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagram=0x2FA8IP:SourceAddress=51IP:DestinationAddress=255255255.255IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=(0x0134)DHCP:Offer(xid=21274A1D)DHCP:OpCode(op)=2(0x2)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=556223005(0x21274A1D)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)=<Blank>DHCP:BootFileName(file)=<Blank>DHCP:MagicCookie=[OK]DHCP:OptionField(options)DHCP:DHCPMessageType=DHCPOfferDHCP:SubnetMask=DHCP:RenewalTimeValue(T1)=8Days,0:00:00DHCP:RebindingTimeValue(T2)=14Days,0:00:00DHCP:IPAddressLeaseTime=16Days,0:00:00DHCP:ServerIdentifier=51DHCP:Router=DHCP:NetBIOSNameService=54DHCP:NetBIOSNodeType=(Length:1)04DHCP:EndofthisoptionfieldDHCPREQUESTDHCPOFFERIP55。由于客DHCPOffer的預(yù)約，因此目DHCP服務(wù)器知道，它們可以釋放其提供的地址并將其返回到可用池中。DHCPRequestDHCP驗(yàn)證所提供的地址：請(qǐng)求的地址字段。DHCP：服務(wù)器標(biāo)識(shí)符字段顯示提供租用的DHCP服務(wù)器的IP地址。IP:ID=0x100;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughputIP: 0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328(0x148)IP:Identification=256(0x100)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=Lastfragmentindatagram 0.=MaydatagramifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagram=0x38A6IP:SourceAddress=IP:DestinationAddress=55IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=308(0x0134)DHCP:Request(xid=21274A1D)DHCP:OpCode(op)=1(0x1)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=556223005(0x21274A1D)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)=<Blank>DHCP:BootFileName(file)=<Blank>DHCP:MagicCookie=[OK]DHCP:OptionField(options)DHCP:DHCPMessageType=DHCPRequestDHCP:Client-identifier=(Type:1)08002b2ed85eDHCP:RequestedAddress=DHCP:ServerIdentifier=51DHCP:HostName=JUMBO-WSDHCP:ParameterRequestList=(Length:7)010f032c2e2f06DHCP:EndofthisoptionfieldDHCPDHCPACKDHCPREQUESTDHCPIP55。YIADDR字段包含客戶端的地址、CHADDR和DHCP：客戶端標(biāo)識(shí)符字段是請(qǐng)求客戶端中網(wǎng)卡的物理地址。DHCP選項(xiàng)部分將數(shù)據(jù)包識(shí)別為ACK。IP:ID=0x3D30;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughput 0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328IP:Identification=15664(0x3D30)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=Lastfragmentindatagram 0.=MaydatagramifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagram=0x2EA8IP:SourceAddress=51IP:DestinationAddress=255255255.255IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=(0x0134)DHCP:ACK(xid=21274A1D)DHCP:OpCode(op)=2(0x2)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=556223005(0x21274A1D)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)=<Blank>DHCP:BootFileName(file)=<Blank>DHCP:MagicCookie=[OK]DHCP:OptionField(options)DHCP:DHCPMessageType=DHCPACKDHCP:RenewalTimeValue(T1)=8Days,0:00:00DHCP:RebindingTimeValue(T2)=14Days,0:00:00DHCP:IPAddressLeaseTime=16Days,0:00:00DHCP:ServerIdentifier=51DHCP:SubnetMask=DHCP:Router=DHCP:NetBIOSNameService=54DHCP:NetBIOSNodeType=(Length:1)04DHCP:EndofthisoptionfieldDHCPIPDHCPREQUESTIP，目的55。MicrosoftDHCPDHCPRFC的客戶端將使用請(qǐng)求的地址填充CIADDRField字段。MicrosoftDHCP服務(wù)器將接受其中任意一個(gè)。IP:ID=0x0;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughputIP: 0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328(0x148)IP:Identification=0(0x0)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=Lastfragmentindatagram 0.=MayfragmentifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagramIP:Checksum=0x39A6IP:SourceAddress=IP:DestinationAddress=55IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=308(0x0134)DHCP:Request(xid=2757554E)DHCP:OpCode(op)=1(0x1)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=660034894(0x2757554E)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)=<Blank>DHCP:BootFileName(file)=<Blank>DHCP:MagicCookie=[OK]DHCP:OptionField(options)DHCP:DHCPMessageType=DHCPRequestDHCP:Client-identifier=(Type:1)08002b2ed85eDHCP:RequestedAddress=DHCP:HostName=JUMBO-WSDHCP:ParameterRequestList=(Length:7)010f032c2e2f06DHCP:Endofthisoptionfield此時(shí)，服務(wù)器可能響應(yīng)，也可能不響應(yīng)。WindowsNTDHCP服務(wù)器的行為取決于所用的操作系統(tǒng)版本以及超級(jí)作用域等其他因素。如果服務(wù)器確定客戶端仍可以使用該地址，它將保持靜默或ACKDHCPREQUEST。如果服務(wù)器確定客戶端無法使用該地址，它將發(fā)送NACK。IP:ID=0x3F1A;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughput 0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328IP:Identification=16154(0x3F1A)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=Lastfragmentindatagram 0.=MaydatagramifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagram=0x2CBEIP:SourceAddress=51IP:DestinationAddress=255255255.255IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=(0x0134)DHCP:NACK(xid=74A005CE)DHCP:OpCode(op)=2(0x2)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=1956644302(0x74A005CE)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)=<Blank>DHCP:BootFileName(file)=<Blank>DHCP:MagicCookie=[OK]DHCP:OptionField(options)DHCP:DHCPMessageType=DHCPNACKDHCP:ServerIdentifier=51DHCP:EndofthisoptionDHCPDISCOVERIP:ID=0x100;Proto=UDP;Len:328IP:Version=4(0x4)IP:HeaderLength=20(0x14)IP:ServiceType=0(0x0)IP:Precedence=RoutineIP:...0....=NormalDelayIP:....0...=NormalThroughputIP:.........0..=NormalReliabilityIP:TotalLength=328(0x148)IP:Identification=256(0x100)IP:FlagsSummary=0(0x0)IP:.......0=LastfragmentindatagramIP.................0.=MayfragmentdatagramifnecessaryIP:FragmentOffset=0(0x0)bytesIP:TimetoLive=128(0x80)IP:Protocol=UDP-UserDatagramIP:Checksum=0x38A6IP:SourceAddress=IP:DestinationAddress=55IP:Data:Numberofdatabytesremaining=308(0x0134)DHCP:Discover(xid=3ED14752)DHCP:OpCode(op)=1(0x1)DHCP:HardwareType(htype)=1(0x1)10MbEthernetDHCP:HardwareAddressLength(hlen)=6(0x6)DHCP:Hops(hops)=0(0x0)DHCP:TransactionID(xid)=1053902674(0x3ED14752)DHCP:Seconds(secs)=0(0x0)DHCP:Flags(flags)=0(0x0)DHCP:0...............=NoBroadcastDHCP:ClientIPAddress(ciaddr)=DHCP:YourIPAddress(yiaddr)=DHCP:ServerIPAddress(siaddr)=DHCP:RelayIPAddress(giaddr)=DHCP:ClientEthernetAddress(chaddr)=08002B2ED85EDHCP:ServerHostName(sname)