Unit5MusicDiscoveringusefulstructures導(dǎo)學(xué)案LeaningObjectives1.Understandtheadverbialclausesandtheomittingsentences;learnthefunctionsofadverbialclauses.2.Observethesentencesandstructuresandtrytogetrulesandfunctions.3.Understandthepastparticipleasadverbialcanbeusedtoexpressfeelingsanddescribesituations.課前預(yù)學(xué)區(qū)①Discussion:說(shuō)出過(guò)去分詞在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?1.Thiswillresultinasmallernumberoffishleftforustoeatinthefuture.2.Thelibraryisnowclosed．3.Itriedtomakemyselfunderstood.4.The

old

man

walkedinthepark,supportedbyhis

wife.5.Anddon’tbeshockedwhenyourhistorybookmentionsme.課中導(dǎo)學(xué)區(qū)1）觀察下列句子并總結(jié)規(guī)律：1.Shewasmovedbythemovingspeech.2.Sheseemssurprisedatthenews.3.Theylookedfrightenedtohearthefrighteningsound.4.Thedoorisclosed.過(guò)去分詞可置于后作語(yǔ)，用來(lái)表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、特征或。其前的系動(dòng)詞包括be動(dòng)詞、感官動(dòng)詞get,feel,remain,seem,look,bee等多種形式。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)1.過(guò)去分詞可放在連系動(dòng)詞be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，bee等之后作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。例：(1)Tomwasastonishedtoseeasnakemovingacrossthefloor.(2)Finallythebabyfelttiredofplayingwiththosetoys.常見(jiàn)的作表語(yǔ)的形容詞有：amused,broken,closed,astonished,crowded,experienced,delighted,lost,gone,disappointed,worried,interested,tired,pleased,satisfied,surprised,married,known等。2.Ved作表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別:Ved作表語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by。例：Thelibraryisnowclosed．(狀態(tài))Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday．(動(dòng)作)有些過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。bedressedin;belostin;bedevotedto;besupposedto;belocatedin;beburiedin;beparedwith;beseated;bepreparedfor;bedeterminedtodo;betiredof;beabsorbedin;bebornin;beoccupiedin3.Ved與Ving作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))的邏輯主語(yǔ)就是句子主語(yǔ)，句子主語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)可表時(shí)間、原因、條件、讓步、方式或伴隨等情況。1．過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句?？稍谶^(guò)去分詞前加上連詞“when,while,until”等，使其時(shí)間意義更明確。Lookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．→Whenitislookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．當(dāng)從遠(yuǎn)處看時(shí)，這幅畫(huà)似乎更美了。Askedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding．→Whenhewasaskedforhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding．當(dāng)被問(wèn)到對(duì)教學(xué)工作的看法時(shí)，菲利普說(shuō)他發(fā)現(xiàn)它既有趣又有意義。2．過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為由since,because或as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句，這類狀語(yǔ)多放在句子的前半部分。Worriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．→BecauseIwasworriedabouttheexam,Iwasunsettledinthesedays．由于擔(dān)心考試，我這幾天感到不安。3．過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作條件狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if,once或unless等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。Growninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast．→Iftheyaregrowninrichsoil,theseseedscangrowfast．如果種在肥沃的土壤里，這些種子能長(zhǎng)得很快。Givenafewminutes,I’llfinishthereport．→IfIamgivenafewminutes,I’llfinishthereport．再給我?guī)追昼姷臅r(shí)間，我就會(huì)完成這個(gè)報(bào)告。4．過(guò)去分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)以though/although引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。Encouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinoveringthedifficulties．→Thoughhewasencouragedbyhisparents,hestillhasnoconfidenceinoveringthedifficulties．盡管受到了父母的鼓勵(lì)，他仍然沒(méi)有信心克服困難。Invitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty．→ThoughIwasinvitedbyhim,Iwon’ttakepartintheparty．即使被他邀請(qǐng)，我也不會(huì)參加聚會(huì)。5．過(guò)去分詞作方式/伴隨狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常不能轉(zhuǎn)換為狀語(yǔ)從句，但可用并列分句代替。Thepatientgotoffthebed,supportedbythenurse．→Thepatientgotoffthebed,andhewassupportedbythenurse．那個(gè)病人在護(hù)士的攙扶下下了床。Sheacceptedthegift,deeplymoved．→Sheacceptedthegift,andshewasdeeplymoved．她接受了禮物，深深地被感動(dòng)了。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)需注意事項(xiàng):1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，前面可帶有連詞，如：when,while,if,though,asif,unless,until等，以使句意表達(dá)得更清楚。Eg.Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.Whenaskedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.2.有些過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表示被動(dòng)而重在描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有:lost(迷失的),seated(坐),hidden(隱藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉浸于),dressedin(穿著)等。Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.過(guò)去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)的區(qū)別.Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這座城市就像一個(gè)大花園。(句子的主語(yǔ)you與see之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系)2.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，這座城市就像一個(gè)大花園。(see與句子的主語(yǔ)thecity之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即表被動(dòng)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)之間與現(xiàn)在分詞是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即表主動(dòng)?？偨Y(jié)：分詞短語(yǔ)的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須跟主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如果主句的主語(yǔ)和分詞是主動(dòng)關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞，主句的主語(yǔ)和分詞是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞。課后思學(xué)區(qū)1．Thereislittletimeleft,soyou’dbetterget(dress)quickly.2．Ithinkhermothermustfeel(fort)whensheknowsaboutherson'ssafety.3．Thehorsesgot(panic)bythegunfire.4．Ourrelationshipwas(base)onmutualdependence.5．(mit)toscientificresearch,thescientistremainedsingleallhislife.6．(pare)withotherwoman,Aliceisindeedfortunate.7．Jackwasstaringoutofthewindow,(lose)inthought.8．TheGDPofthatcountrydecreasedby20%(pare)with2019.9．(see)fromthehilltop,thelakeisextremelybeautiful.10．(delay)bytraffic,Iwaslateforthemeeting.11．Children,(acpany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.12．(adopt)bythemittee,hisplanwillbeusedinmanyfieldstoimprovepeople’slife.13．(lose)inthought,Jimdidn'tnoticethatathiefslippedintotheroom.14．(determine)togetaticketfortheconcert,hedidn’tmindstandinginalongqueue.15．(dress)inredskirt,shelookscharming.16．(attract)bythebeautifulsight,Icouldn’twaittogooutsidewithmycamera.17．(surround)byagreatmanytrees,themoderntallbuildingisthenewlybuiltstadiumofourschool.18．(intend)toenrichstudents’schoollife,ourprogramfeaturesthefunofEnglish.19．(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveatanytime.20．(found)in1636,HarvardUniversityisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.21．(give)moreattention,hecouldhavegainedmoreachievements.22．(fill)withpride,

wearelookingforwardtothenextactivity.23．(occupy)withteaching,shehadnotimeforsocialactivities.24．(employ)inteaching,hehasnotimetotakecareofhisfamily,whichmakeshiswifeupset.25．(encourage)bytheteacher’swords,hewentonwithhisresearchwork.26．When(ask)whatworkexperiencemeanttohim,theyoungmansaiditwas“theexperienceofalifetime”.27．(defeat)bytheiropponent,thebasketballteamdidn’tgiveupandkeptpracticing.28．Once(destroy),braincellsdonotregenerate(再生).29．(affect)bythedrought,thericeproductionhasdecreasedby18%inthisregion.30．Theseextinctionsincludethethirdmassextinction,(know)asthe“GreatDying”,whichkilled90%to96%ofallspecies.閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Wanderingsounds,irregularrhythmsandacarrierofgentleemotionsdefinethemusicallanguageofguqin,asevenstringinstrumentcreatedinancientChina.TheearliestpieceofguqininChina,31(discover)inHubeiprovincein2016,datesbacktotheZhouDynasty.Thebodyofaguqinismadeoflacquered(上漆的)woodandthestringsoftwistedsilk.Unlikeitsseeminglysimpleappearance,makingaguqinis32(extreme)demanding.Anoutstandingpiececantakeanywherefromtwotoseveraldecades33(create).Itisaresultofartandtime.Thetoneofaguqinisquiet,lightand34(distance).Vibrations(琴弦振動(dòng))areusedtoproduceaflowingandlingering(持續(xù)的)quality,35abundantemptynotesinbetween.Asthelistenerfil