專題03閱讀說明文20篇

經(jīng)典基礎(chǔ)題

1.山東省棗莊市第八中學2022-2023學年高一上學期開學考試英語試題

TheChinesegovernmentendsitsone-childpolicy（政策）andallowsfamiliestohavethreechildren.The

policyismeanttobalancepopulationdevelopment,stopafallingbirthrate（出生率）andstrengthenthecountry's

laborforce（勞動力）.

China,withthelargestpopulationintheworld,startedtheone-childpolicyin1980.Butthegovernment

allowedonlyasmallnumberofcouplestohavetwochildren.Forexample,somefamiliesinthecountrysidecould

havetwochildren,ifthefirst-bornchildisagirl.In2016,theChinesegovernmentgaveothercouplesachanceto

havetwochildrenifoneofthemwasanonlychild.Becauseofagingofpopulation,in2021,itallowedfamiliesto

havethreechildren.

Tothenewestpolicy,differentfamilieshavedifferentopinions."Toomanyyoungpeopleinthecitiesareno

longerinterestedinhavingtwoorthreechildren,anofficialsaid."Peopleinthecountrysidearemoreinterested.

Attheendof2021,Chinahadapopulationofmorethan1.4billionpeople.Atotalof900millionofthem

havejobs.Butthelabormarketpopulationwilldropin30years.Thatistosay,thecountrywillbeingreatneedof

laborbytheyear2050.Withthethree-childpolicy,anincreaseinbirthscansolvethisproblem.

Boysandgirls,whatdoyouthinkofthethree-childpolicy?Doyouwanttohavenew-bornbrothersorsisters?

24.WhydoestheChinesegovernmentendtheone-childpolicy?

A.BecauseChinaneedsalargerpopulation.

B.Becauseafallingbirthratemustbestopped.

C.Becausemostfamilieswanttohaveasecondorthirdchild.

D.Becausetherewillbelessoldpeople.

25HowlongdoesChinatakefromtheone-childpolicytothethree-childpolicy?

A.20years.B.30years.C.morethan40years.D.morethan50years

26.Howdomostyoungpeopleinthecitiesreact（反應(yīng)）tothethree-childpolicy?

A.Theystronglysupportthepolicy.

B.Theydon'tthinkitisgood.

C.They'renotinterestedinitanymore.

D.Theyareinterestedinit.

27.Whatmayhappenafterwehavethe"three-child"policy?

A.Thepopulationdevelopmentwillbebalanced.

B.Thelabormarketpopulationwilldrop.

C.Therewillbemoreoldpeople.

D.Therewillbelessnewboms.

【答案】24.B25.C26.C27.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了中國政府關(guān)于計劃生育政策的改變。中國政府計劃終止獨生子女政策,

允許每個家庭生育三個孩子。一份聲明說明了政策變化的幾點原因。該政策是為了平衡人口發(fā)展，旨在阻

止出生率下降，增強勞動力。

【24題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句"Thepolicyismeanttobalancepopulationdevelopment,slopafallingbirth

rate（出生率）andstrengthenthecountry'slaborforce（勞動力）.”（該政策旨在促進人口均衡發(fā)展，阻止人口出生

率下降，增強國家勞動力。）可知，中國政府結(jié)束獨生子女政策而實施三孩政策是為了阻止人口出生率下降。

故選B項。

【25題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第'一句"China,withthelargestpopulationintheworld,startedtheone-childpolicyin

1980.”（中國是世界人口第一大國，從1980年開始實施獨生子女政策。）可知，獨生子女政策在1980年開始

實施；根據(jù)第二段的最后一句"Becauseofagingofpopulation,in2021,itallowedfamiliestohavethree

children.”（面臨人口老齡化壓力，中國政府于2021年開放三孩政策。）可知，獨生子女政策1980年開始實施，

三孩政策從2021年開始實施。所以從獨生子女政策到三孩政策，前后歷經(jīng)四十多年。故選C項。

【26題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的第二句"'Toomanyyoungpeopleinthecitiesarenolongerinterestedinhavingtwoor

threechildren,'anofficialsaid."（“城市的年輕人有非常多都對生二孩或三孩不再感興趣?！币晃还賳T表示。）可

知，城市年輕人大多對三孩政策不再感興趣。故選C項。

【27題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句"Thepolicyismeanttobalancepopulationdevelopment,stopafallingbirth

rate（出生率）andstrengthenthecountry%laborforce（勞動力）（該政策旨在促進人口均衡發(fā)展，阻止人口出生

率下降，增強國家勞動力。）以及第四段的第四、istosay,thecountrywillbeingreatneedoflaborby

theyear2050.Withthethree-childpolicy,anincreaseinbirthscansolvethisproblem."（也就是說，到2050年，

中國勞動力將極度緊缺。如果實施三孩政策，就能促進人口出生率增長，從而有助于解決這個問題。）可知，

實施三孩政策能夠有利于促進人口均衡發(fā)展。故選A項。

2.遼寧省沈陽市市級重點高中聯(lián)合體2022_2023學年高一上學期期中檢測英語試卷

ElementsofLatinhavemadetheirwayintomanyWeaterncountries.Datavaries,butasmuchas70%of

wordsinEnglishhaveaLatinorGreekroot.

Bylearningmoreabouttheserootsandhowtheycombinetocreatewords,youwillhaveanadvantagein

understandingnewwords,evenifyou'veneverseenthembefore.

Thegreatthingisthatifsnothardtolearntheserootsandrecognisethepatterns.You'renotlearningthe

wholelanguagewithitsgrammaranddifficultpoints.Youjustneedtomemorisesomepartsofthevocabularythat

youoftenseeinEnglish.

Sohowdowordrootswork?

Everywordhasaroot.Thispartcontainsthekeytoaword'smeaning.Taketheword"happy“forexample.

Thiswordonlycontainstheroot,whichmeans“hillofjoy”.There'snothingmoretothemeaningofthewordin

thisform.

Somewords,however,haveextraparts.Wecalltheseaffixes,includingprefixes,thepartattachedbeforethe

root,andsuffixes,thepartattachedbehindtheroot.Basedontheadditionalmeaningoftheprefixesandsuffixes,

themeaningofthefinalwordwillbeshapedtomeansomethingnew.

Taketheword“autobiography“forexample.Therootis"bio”,meaninglife.Youmayhavenoticedthatmany

wordswith"bio"havesomethingtodowithlifeorlivingbeings—biology,biography,andsoon.Whenthesuffixes

“graph”,meaningtowrite,isaddedtoit,itmeansastoryaboutsomeone'sorsomething'slife."Auto"meansby

oneself.Altogether,an"autobiography“isastoryaboutaperson'slife,writtenbythepersonhimselforherself.

Inaword,abettergraspofwordrootscanmakeyouunderstandtheEnglishlanguagebetter,andwillhelpyou

withyourvocabularyrecognitionandmemoryskills.

12.What'sneededtoundenstandnewwordswithroots?

A.AgoodunderstandingofLatinorGreek.B.Afullunderstandingofgrammar.

C.Theabilitytorecognisedifferentpartsofwords.D.TheabilitytospeakvariousWesternlanguages.

13.Whatdoweknowabouttheroot?

A.Itcan'tformawordbyitself.B.Itisanecessarypartofaword.

C.Itisofgreaterimportancethanaffixes.D.Ithasnoimpactonaword'smeaning.

14.Whatisthemeaningof“biochemistry”?

A.Thesciencethatisrelatedtolivingthings.

B.Apersonwhodoesresearchaboutchemistry.

C.Apersonwhodoesresearchaboutlivingthings.

D.Thestudyofchemicalreactionsrelatedtolivingthings.

15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthepassage?

A.SecretofUnderstandingNewWordsB.Latin'sWayintoWesternLanguages

C.AmazingPowerofAffixesD.HintsonLanguageExams

【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了英語詞根在英語單詞學習中的重要作用。

【12題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Thegreatthingisthatit'snothardtoleamtheserootsandrecognisethepatterns.You're

notlearningthewholelanguagewithitsgrammaranddifficultpoints.Youjustneedtomemorisesomepartsofthe

vocabularythatyouoftenseeinEnglish.（最棒的是，學習這些詞根和識別模式并不難。你不是在學習整個語言

的語法和難點。你只需要記住你經(jīng)常在英語中看到的一些詞匯）“可知，用詞根理解生詞需要擁有識別單詞不

同部分的能力，故選C。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Everywordhasaroot（每個詞都有詞根）”可知，詞根是構(gòu)成一個單詞必不可少的一

部分，故選B。

【14題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第七段"Youmayhavenoticedthatmanywordswith"bio"havesomethingtodowithlifeor

livingbeings（你可能已經(jīng)注意到，許多帶有“生物'’的訶與生命或生物有關(guān)）”以及“chemistry（化學廠推知，

“biochemistry”的意思應(yīng)當同時含有生物和化學的意思，故選D。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Bylearningmoreabouttheserootsandhowtheycombinetocreatewords,youwill

haveanadvantageinunderstandingnewwords,evenifyou'veneverseenthembefore.（通過更多土也了解這些詞根

以及它們?nèi)绾谓M合來創(chuàng)造單詞，你將在理解新詞方面擁有優(yōu)勢，即使你以前從未見過它們）“以及結(jié)合下文內(nèi)

容可知，全文主要講述如何通過詞根來更有效地學習新詞匯。A項”理解新單詞的秘訣”可以作為文章的最佳

標題。故選A。

3,貴州省北京師范大學貴安新區(qū)附屬學校2021-2022學年高一下學期期中考試英語試題

Teenagerswhostarttheschooldayreallyearlyarelikelytoweighslightlymorethanthosewhostartlater.

Thafsthefindingofanewstudyofnearly30,000Canadiansbetweentheagesof10and18.

Gettingtoolittlesleepcanputkidsatriskforanumberofproblems.Sleepyteensaremorelikelytobe

overweight,tohavetroubleconcentratingandtostruggleinschool.GenevieveGariepy,whoworksatMcGill

UniversityinMontreal,Canada,wantedtoknowhowearlierschoolstarttimesnightbeconnectedwithweight.

*'OverweightinteenagersisabigprobleminNorthAmerica,nshesays.Thenumberofoverweightkidshas

grownoverthepast30years.AboutoneinthreeAmericanandCanadianteensarenowoverweight.Kidswhodon't

sleepenoughmaybeathigherrisk.SoGariepydecidedtofocusontheimpactofschoolstarttimes.

Herteamcollectedstarttimesfor362Canadianschools.Thentheyaskedstudentsatthoseschoolstogive

theirheightandweight.Inall,theycollecteddatafromnearly30,00010-to18-year-olds.Among6th-to

lOth-graders,thosewhostartedschoolearlierwerelikelytobeslightlyheavierfortheirheight.Every10-minute

delayinschoolstarttimewasconnected,onaverage,withaslightlylowerweightamongstudentswhowerethe

samesex,ageandheight.However,thedifferenceisslight.Healthyeatingandgettingenoughexercisewillplaya

biggerroleinkeepingahealthyweight.

Becausethestudycomparedkidswhoalreadystartedschoolatdifferenttimesofdayit*snotclearthat

changingschoolstarttimewouldhelpheavierkidsloseweight.Toknowforsure,researcherswouldwantto

comparethesamekidsbeforeandafterchangingtoalaterschoolstarttime.

Still,thestudyisagoodstart,saysCoraColletteBruener,adoctoratSeattleChildren'sHospitalin

Washington.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingpileofevidencethatlaterschoolstarttimesmightbebetterforteen

health,shesays.

9.Whatisthefindingofthenewstudy?

A.Moreandmoreteensaregrowingoverweight.

B.Healthydietsandenoughexercisehelpreduceweight.

C.Teenswhostartschoolearlierarealittleoverweight.

D.Teenswhostartschoolearlierdonotperformwell.

10.Tokeepahealthyweight,teenagersneed.

A.muchsleepB.earlierschoolstarttime

C.lesssleepD.abalanceddietandenoughexercise

11.HowdidGariepy'steamgettheirfindings?

A.Byrecordingtheteens'weight.

B.Bycheckingtheteens*physicalhealth.

C.Bycomparingdifferentsetsofdata.

D.Bymeasuringtheteens1height.

12.WhatdoesCoraColletteBruenerthinkofthestudy?

A.Ithasinspiringvalue.B.Itlacksfurthersupport.

C.ItneedsimprovingD.Itiswelldesigned.

【答案】9.C10.D11.C12.A

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇說明文。新的研究表明每天較早上學的青少年可能比晚上學的青少年的體重多一些。

上學時間晚一些可能對青少年的健康更好，因此作者呼吁學校領(lǐng)導更改學校的作息時間表。

【9題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Teenagerswhostarttheschoolearlyarelikelytoweighslightlymorethanthosewho

startlater.That,sthefindingofanewstudyofnearly30,000Canadiansbetweentheagesof10and18.”（每天較早

上學的青少年可能比晚上學的青少年的體重多一些，這是對近30,000名10至18歲的加拿大人進行研究得

出的結(jié)果。）即新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了每天較早上學的青少年可能有些超重。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Healthyeatingandgettingenoughexercisewillplayabiggerroleinkeepinga

healthyweight.（健康的飲食和足夠的鍛煉將在保持健康體重方面發(fā)揮更大的作用。）”可知，為了保持健康的

體重，青少年需要均衡的飲食和足夠的鍛煉。故選D。

[11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Among6th-tolOth-graders,thosewhostartedschoolearlierwerelikelytobe

slightlyheavierfortheirheight.Every1O-minutedelayinschoolstarttimewasconnected,onaverage,witha

lightlylowerweightamongstudentswhowerethesamesex,ageandheight.”（在6年級至10年級的學生中,較

早入學的人相對于他們的身高而言可能體重稍重一些。平均而言，在同性別，年齡和身高的學生中，平均

每延遲10分鐘的上學時間，體重就會輕一點。）因此可知，Gariepy的團隊是通過比較不同的幾組數(shù)據(jù)來得

出結(jié)論的。故選C。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Still,thestudyisagoodstart,saysCoraColletteBruener,adoctoratSeattle

Children'sHospitalinWashington.Thefindingsaddtoagrowingpileofevidencethatlaterschoolstarttimemight

bebetterforteenhealth,shesays.”（華盛頓西雅圖兒童醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生CoraColletteBruener表示，這項研究是一個

良好的開端。這些發(fā)現(xiàn)使越來越多的證據(jù)表明晚一些的上學時間可能對青少年的健康更好。）因此Cora

ColletteBruener認為這項研究具有啟發(fā)性的價值。故選A。

4.四川省涼山州寧南中學2022-2023學年高一上學期第一次月考英語試題

Thesunissetting,brighteningyourkids'facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachforyourphoneforthis

perfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here'sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnottheperfectwaytokeep

memoryasyouthink.

Takingtoomanypicturescouldactuallyharmthebrain'sabilitytokeepmemories,saysElizabethLoftus,a

psychologyprofessorattheUniversityofCalifornia,Irvine.Sowegetthephotobutkindoflosethememory.

Photography“outsources“memories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeofftheresponsibilityof

rememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe'resodistracted（分散注意力的）bytheprocessthatwemiss

themomentaltogether.

Thefirstexplanationisthelossofmemory.Peopleknowthattheircameraisrecordingthatmoment,sothey

don'ttrytoremember.Similarly,ifyouwritedownsomeone'sphonenumber,you'relesslikelytorememberit

offhandbecauseyourbraintellsyouthere'sjustnoneed.That'sallwellandgood-untilthatpieceofpapergoes

missing.

Theotherisdistraction.We'redistractedbytheprocessoftakingaphoto—howweholdourphone,

composingthephoto,suchassmilingfaces,thebackgroundtoourlikingandclearimage,allofwhichusesupour

attentionthatcouldotherwisehelpusmemorize.

However,takingphotoscanbenefitmemory——whendonemindfully.Whiletakingaphotomaybedistracting,

theactofpreparationbyfocusingonvisual（視覺的）detailsaroundhassomeupsides.Whenpeopletakethetime

tozoomin（拉近鏡頭）onspecificthings,memoriesbecomestrengthened.

Anotherbenefitisthatwerecallmomentsmoreaccurately（準確的）withthephotos.Memoryhasbeen

reshapedwiththehelpofnewinformationandnewexperiences.Thus,photosorvideoshelpusrecallmomentsas

iftheyreallyhappened.

Memoriesdieawaywithoutavisualrecordbackingthemup.Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelp

rememberwhendonepurposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.

32.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?

A.Tointroducethetopic.B.Tomakeusthinkofsimilarexperience.

C.Toshowtheinterestintakingphotos.D.Tocallonreadersnottotakephotos.

33.Whydoesphotography“outsource"memories?

A.Takingphotosishelpfulforustomemorize.

B.Photosaremoredetailedthanmemories.

C.Peopledependmoreonphotostorememberthantheirbrains.

D.Manysourcesinfluencepeople'smemoriesduringphoto-taking.

34.Whatmaylikelybediscussednext?

A.Situationswhentakingphotosisbetter.B.Whendistractionismostlikelytohappen.

C.Howtostayfocusedwhiletakingphotos.D.Howtousephoto-takingtomemorizebetter.

35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.PhotographyorMemories?

B.PhotographyDoesHelptoMemories

C.TheFewerPhotosWeTake,theBetterWeWillRemember

D.RemembertheMomentandTakePhotosProperly

【答案】32.A33.C34.D35.D

【解析】

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了拍太多照片不利于人們銘記瞬間的美好，作者鼓勵人們應(yīng)有

目的有計劃地拍照。

【32題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thesunissetting,brighteningyourkids'facesastheyplayinthewaves.Youreachfor

yourphoneforthisperfectmoment.Butbeforeyoudo,here'sabitofsurprisingscience:Takingphotosisnotthe

perfectwaytokeepmemoryasyouthink.（太陽落山了，孩子們在海浪中玩耍，他們的臉變得明亮起來。為了

這個完美的時刻，你伸手去拿手機。但在你這么做之前，這里有一點令人驚訝的科學：拍照并不是你認為

的保持記憶的完美方式戶可知，本段描寫了海邊游玩的美好畫面，人們會習慣性地拿出手機拍照留念，但拍

照并不是人們所以為的保存記憶的完美方式，從而引出文章的主題。故選A。

【33題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Photography“outsources"memories.Itworksintwoways:Weeithershakeoffthe

responsibilityofrememberingmomentswhentakingpictures,orwe'resodistracted（分散注意力的）bythe

processthatwemissthemomentaltogether.（攝影“外包”的記憶。它在兩方面起作用：我們要么在拍照時擺脫了

記住時刻的責任，要么在拍照過程中分心，以至于完全錯過了那個時刻）''可推知，拍照“外包”了回憶是因為

人們太過于依賴相機而不是自己的大腦。故選C。

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句"Therefore,aphotoisanexcellenttooltohelprememberwhendone

purposefully,whichisworthexploringfurther.（lillhL照片是幫助記憶的極好工具，如果是有目的的，這是值

得進一步探索的）”可推知，接下來文章可能會探討如何照相以便能更好地記憶。故選D。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了拍太多的照片不利于人們銘記瞬間的美好，作者鼓勵人們應(yīng)

有目的有計劃地拍照。由此可推知，D項“記住當下，合理拍照”概括了文章大意，是本文的最佳標題。故選

Do

5.山東師范大學附屬中學2022-2023學年高一上學期第一次月考英語試卷

Livestreaming（直播）throughplatformssuchasAmazonLiveandTikTokisanincreasinglypopularwayto

sellgoodsonline.Itusuallylastsbetween5and10minutes,andsomeonepromotesaproduct.Viewerscanthen

readilybuyitbyjustclickingonalink.

Weanalyzed（分析）99,451salescasesonalivestreamsellingplatformandmatchedthemwithactualsales

cases.Intermsoftime,thatisequaltoover2million30-secondtelevisionadvertisements.

Todeterminetheemotional（情緒的）expressionofthesalesperson,weusedtwodeeplearningmodels:a

facemodelandanemotionmodel.Thefacemodeldiscoversthepresenceorabsenceofafaceinaframeofavideo

stream.Theemotionmodelthendeterminestheprobabilitythatafaceisexhibitinganyofthesixbasichuman

emotions:happiness,sadness,surprise,anger,fearordisgust.Forexample,smilingsignalsahighprobabilityof

happiness,whileanoff-puttingexpressionusuallypointstowardanger.

Wewantedtoseetheeffectofemotionsexpressedatdifferenttimesinthesalescasessowecounted

probabilitiesforeachemotionforall62millionframesinourdatabase.Wethencombinedtheseprobabilitieswith

otherpossibleaspectsthatmightdrivesales—suchaspriceandproductcharacteristics—tojudgetheeffectof

emotion.

Wefoundthat,perhapsunsurprisingly,whensalespeopleshowmorenegativeemotions-suchasangerand

disgust-thevolumeofsaleswentdown.Butwealsofoundthatasimilarthinghappenedwhenthesalespeople

showhighlevelsofpositiveemotions,suchashappinessorsurprise.

Alikelyexplanation,basedonourresearch,isthatsmilingcanbedisgustingbecauseitlackstruefeelingsand

canreducetrustintheseller.Aseller'shappinessmaybetakenasasignthatthesellerisgaininginterestsatthe

customer'sexpense.

32.WhatdoesParagraph1tellaboutlivestreamingsales?

A.Itincreasesthepricesofproducts.

B.Ithelpssellerssavemoneyonad.

C.Itmakesshoppingconvenientforbuyers.

D.Itpromotesbetterbuyer-sellerrelationship.

33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ofFputting“inParagraph3probablymean?

AUneasy.B.Unpleasant.

C.Lively.D.Strange.

34.Howdocustomersfeelabouttheseller'ssmiling?

A.Theyfeelrespected.B.Theyfeelsatisfied.

C.Theyfeelcheated.D.Theyfeeltrusted.

35.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.LivestreamersSellProductsSuccessfully

B.ExpressionsInfluenceOnlineProductSales

C.Emotions:MeansofCommunication

D.Smiling:AWaytoIncreaseSales

【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在線主播賣貨時，主播面部表情對銷售情況的影響。

【32題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Itusuallylastsbetween5and10minutes,andsomeonepromotesaproduct.

Viewerscanthenreadilybuyitbyjustclickingonalink.（它通常持續(xù)5到10分鐘,有人會宣傳產(chǎn)品。觀眾只需

點擊鏈接就可以輕松購買。）”可知，在線直播銷售商品對消費者購物很方便。故選C項。

33題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Forexample,smilingsignalsahighprobabilityofhappiness（例如，微笑是幸福

的高概率信號）''和"expressionusuallypointstowardanger（表情通常指向憤怒）“可知，微笑意味著快樂的可能

性很大，而另一種表情則指向憤怒，且句中的while表對比，所以畫線詞和smiling相對應(yīng)，意思為“令人不

愉快的“。故選B項。

【34題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Alikelyexplanation,basedonourresearch,isthatsmilingcanbedisgusting

becauseitlackstruefeelingsandcanreducetrustintheseller.（根據(jù)我們的研究，一個可能的解釋是，微笑可能

令人厭惡，因為它缺乏真實的感情，會降低對賣家的信任）”可推知，顧客對銷售者的微笑感覺是他們感覺被

騙了。故選C項。

【35題詳解】

主旨大意題。分析全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹了在線主播賣貨時，主播面部表情對銷售情況的影響。所

以B選項“表情影響在線產(chǎn)品銷售”能概括全文內(nèi)容，適合用作文章標題。故選B項。

6,山東省威海市2021-2022學年高一下學期期末考試英語試題

Someoftheworld'sbestCoffeaarabicaisgrownonMountKenya.Thisvarietyoftheplantproducesbeans

thataretastierthanthosefromitspoorcousin,Coffeacanephora（knownasrobusta）,whichoftenendsupin

instantcoffee（速溶咖啡）.However,globalwarmingmayreducethetotalareathatismostsuitedtogrowing

arabicabeansbyabouthalfby2050.

Somefarmersaretryingtoadapttowarmingbymovinguphill.Yetthispushesthemintoareaslongusedfor

growingtea.Notonlyistherelessspacehigherup;themovestresseshowwarmingalsothreatenstoharmthetea

crop,whichsupportsabout10%ofKenya,spopulation.Warmerweatherwillpushteaitselfhigheruparea.

Kenya'sgovernment-fundedCoffeeResearchInstituteistryingtofindotherwaysofhelpingfarmersadapt,

suchasencouragingthemtoplanttreestoshadetheircoffeebushes,ortogrowhardier（適應(yīng)性更強）robusta

plants.Itisalsotryingtoplantahybrid,Arabusta,whichwouldcombinethehardinessofrobustawiththeflavour

ofarabica.Coffeesnobsmayturnuptheirnosesatit,buttheymayhavenootherchoices.

However,suchadaptationsmaybringsocialcosts.Manysmallholderfarmersareatriskofbeingpushedout

oftheindustryaltogetherbecausetheycannotaffordthemoneyneededtoprotecttheircrops.

Anotheroptionmaybeentirelynewvarieties.ResearchersinLondonarestudyingawildtypeofcoffee,

Coffeastenophylla.Itisdeliciousandcanalsotaketheheat.Butitproduceslowerharvestthanexistingvarieties

anditmaybeyearsbeforeitiswidelygrown.Withoutabreakthroughofsomesort,caffeineaddictsmayfacea

futuretoounpleasanttoimagine."Ifwedon'thavetheinnovation（創(chuàng)新）torespondtoclimatechallenges,Vern

LongofWorldCoffeeResearchsays,"we'rejustgoingtobedrinkingman-madecoffee.”

8.InwhatwayisCoffeaarabicabetterthanCoffearobusta?

A.Flavor.B.Harvest.C.Hardiness.D.Sales.

9.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"refertoinParagraph3?

A.Robusta.B.Arabica.C.Arabusta.D.Stenophylla.

10.Whatmightbetheimpactofthegovernment'spolicy?

A.Goodmoneywillbebroughtin.

B.Theareasofteacropwillbereduced.

C.Thecostofcoffee-plantingmaydrop.

D.Smallholdercoffeefarmersmaydisappear.

11.Whafsthepurposeofthistext?

A.TDgivesuggestionstocoffeefarmers.

B.Torecommendnewvarietiesofcoffee.

C.Tointroducecoffeeindustryunderthreat.

D.Tolistpossiblesolutionstoclimatechanges.

【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了面臨威脅的咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)以及人們正在想辦法解決問題。

【8題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Someoftheworld'sbestCoffeaarabicaisgrownonMountKenya.Thisvarietyofthe

plantproducesbeansthataretastierthanthosefromitspoorcousin,Coffeacanephora（knownasrobusta）,which

oftenendsupininstantcoffee.（肯尼亞山上種植著世界上最好的Coffea。陽Aic。。這種植物生產(chǎn)的咖啡豆比它可

憐的表親咖啡Cq佬Q（被稱為成?〃sm）的咖啡豆更美味，后者通常會制成速溶咖啡）“可知，Co枇a

arabica在風味上比Co枇arobusta更好。故選A項。

【9題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Itisalsotryingtoplantahybrid,Arabusta,whichwouldcombinethehardinessof

robustawiththeflavourofarabica.Coffeesnobsmayturnuptheirnosesatit,buttheymayhavenoother

choices4它還試圖種植一種雜交品種Arabusta,這種品種將robusta的耐寒性與arabica的風味相結(jié)合。對咖

啡自命高雅的人可能會對它嗤之以鼻，但他們可能別無選擇）”可知，對咖啡自命高雅的人可能對雜交品種

勿嗤之以鼻，it指代的是故選C項。

【10題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Manysmallholderfarmersareatriskofbeingpushedoutoftheindustryaltogether

becausetheycannotaffordthemoneyneededtoprotecttheircrops.（許多小農(nóng)面臨被完全趕出該行業(yè)的風險，因

為他們負擔不起保護作物所需的資金）”可知，政府的政策可能會導致咖啡小農(nóng)負擔不起所需的資金，從該行

業(yè)消失。故選D項。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“However,globalwarmingmayreducethetotalareathatismostsuitedtogrowing

arabicabeansbyabouthalfby2050.（然而，到2050年，全球變暖可能使最適合種植arabica的總面積減少約

一半）“、第四段"Manysmallholderfarmersareatriskofbeingpushedoutoftheindustryaltogetherbecausethey

cannotaffordthemoneyneededtoprotecttheircrops.（許多小農(nóng)面臨被完全趕出該行業(yè)的風險，因為他們負擔

不起保護作物所需的資金）''以及最后一段“Butitproduceslowerharvestthanexistingvarietiesanditmaybe

yearsbeforeitiswidelygrown.（但它的收成比現(xiàn)有品種低，而且可能要過幾年才能廣泛種植）”可知，本文寫作

的目的是介紹面臨威脅的咖啡產(chǎn)業(yè)。故選C項。

7.湖北省沙市中學2022-2023學年高一上學期第一次月考英語試題

Whensomeoneasksmewhatmygoalsareforthecomingyear,Idon'tusuallyknowhowtoreply.OfcourseI,

asmostpeopledo,wanttoseeanimprovementinmygrades.Thisyear,however,I'mhopingforsomething

different.

Throughthecourseofmyschoollife,Fvegraduallydevelopedanewunderstandingoftheword

"prioritization（優(yōu)先次序）ThefirstthingIwishtogetinSenior1istheabilitytomanagemytimebetter.Til

surelybecomebusierwiththecomingsemester,andproperorganizationisimportant.Fromschoolclubsto

academiccompetitions,everythingshouldbesetupinawaythatdoesn'tinfluencemyhealth,whichleadsmeto

mysecondgoal.

Mymotherhasalwaystoldmeputmyhealthfirst,sointhefuture,Ihopetobothphysicallyandmentally

healthy.Apersoncan'tstudywithouthavingtheenergytodoso.Inordertostayenergetic,theymustputtheir

healthfirst,nomatterhowbusytheyare,orhowmuchworktheyhavetocomplete.

Andfinally,IhopethatIwon'tbediscouragedbymyfailureandnevergiveuponmydreams.IhopethatI'll

havethecouragetotrynewactivitiesandclubs.Ibelievemyfinalgoalcanapplytoeverystudentaroundtheworld.

Weshouldallrespectoneanother'slikesanddislikes,andfocusoneachother'sstrengths,notourweaknesses.

Everyoneshouldtrytotakepartinalloflife'sopportunities.

AlbertEinsteinoncesaidt6Lifeislikeridingabicycle.Tokeepyourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.^^Inmy

case,it'stheotherwayaround.Inordertokeepmoving,Imustkeepmybalance—thebalancebetweenstudiesand

activities,efficiencyandprocrastination（拖延癥），academicsandhealth,