蓮塘一中20192020學(xué)年上學(xué)期高二11月檢測(英語)一、聽力選擇題(本大題共20小題，共15.0分)1.聽材料，回答問題。Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.BuysomepaintB.BuyanewcarC.Buyhercar2.聽材料，回答問題。Whydoesthewomanwanttostayoutside?A.It'swarmoutsideB.It'ssmokyinsideC.It'snoisyinside3.聽材料，回答問題。WhatdoesthemansayabouttheSmiths’decision?A.ItisunwiseB.ItisagoodmoveC.Itissuggestedbytheirchildren4.聽材料，回答問題。Whatistheweatherlikeinthewoman’scity?A.WarmandsunnyinsummerB.AlwayscoldandwindyC.Changeable5.聽材料，回答問題。Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.IndianfoodB.Alecture.C.CustomsinIndia聽材料，回答下列題。6.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Shedoesinterviews.B.Shetrainsemployees.C.Sheorganizestraining.7.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheworksinatrainingschool.B.Sheisdoingastressfuljob.C.Shewillreceivetraining.聽材料，回答下列題。8.Whydoesthewomantalktotheman?A.Helosthisstudentvisa.B.Hefailedtosignupfortwoclasses.C.Hehasmissedtoomanyclasses.9.Whatistheworstresultoftheman’sbehaviour?A.He’llbesentbackhome.B.He’llhavetorestarthiscourse.C.He’llnotgraduateasscheduled.聽材料，回答下列題。10.Whatkindofpersondothespeakerswant？A.AfilmactorB.Asportstar.C.Afashionmodel11.Howdoesthewomanwantthepersontobelike?A.FashionableB.HealthyC.Attractive12.WhatdothespeakerswantPaulKellytodo?A.Playaroleintheadvertisement.B.Findasuperstarfortheadvertisement.C.PersuadeMariaSharapovatodothemercial.聽材料，回答下列題。13.Whatisthewomandoing?A.InterviewingthemanB.IntroducingnewchocolatetothemanC.Talkingthemanintobuyingchocolate14.Whathappenstothemanwhenhehasnothingtodo?A.HegetsgreatlydepressedB.HeeatsnothingallthedayC.Heeatsmorechocolatebiscuits15.Whydoesthemansometimeseatlesschocolate?A.TocontrolhisweightB.TosavehismoneyC.Tobelessaddict16.Whatdoesthemandecidetodo?A.DosomeexerciseB.TakeupanotheraddictionC.Stopeatingchocolate聽材料，回答下列題。17.Whoarethelisteners?A.StudentsandteachersintheschoolB.VisitorsfromthenearbyvillagesC.Parentsoftheschool'sstudents18.Whenwastheschoolestablished?A.In1899B.In1918C.In198319.Whyisthespeakerproud?A.Theschoolispoweredbywindenergy.B.Theschoolprovidesthevillageswithvegetables.C.Theschool'spowerissuppliedbythevillagesintheformofcoal.20Whatdoweknowabouttheschoo1?A.Itisopentothepubliceveryday.B.Itpaysmuchattentiontotheenvironment.C.Itprovideslunchesanddinnersforthepupils.二、閱讀理解(本大題共20小題，共10.0分)ANoticeforTouriststoBeijingExpo2019The2019BeijingHorticulturalExpo(園博會(huì))fromApril29toOctober7isanopportunityforinternationaldiscovery,whereculturalelementsofdifferentplacesinChinaareondisplay,aswellasgardensandbuildingsabouteachcountry’swonderfulcultureandhistory.Hereisanoticeforwhoeverplanstoe.QuickEntrybyShowingIDCardsTomakesureyourquickandorderlyentryintotheExpoSite,pleasewaitinlinesandgetyourIDcardreadyforprecheck,ticketcheckandsecurityinspectionbeforeentering.Duringtheticketcheck,thosewhoholddiscountedticketsmustprovidethematerialsaboutdiscount.SafeTourtotheExpoConsideringyourpersonalsafety,pleasedon’ttakeanythingthatmaydisturbothervisitorsortheorderoftheExpoSite,suchaspets,kites,andspeakers.Exceptforwheelchairsfortheelderlyandthedisabledandstrollers(嬰兒推車)forchildren,novehicles(機(jī)動(dòng)車輛)areallowedtoentertheExpoSite.TakingActiontoProtecttheEnvironmentTocreateagreen,beautifulenvironmentforyourselfandothers,pleasefollowthetravelrules,protectpublicbuildings,keepenvironmentcleanandcareplantsgrowingintheExpoSite.Behaviorssuchasclimbingordestroyingstructuresandexhibitsarenotpermitted.OrderlyTravelbyLimitingtheNumberForthesafetyofvisitors,sometimesstaffmembersmaylimitthenumberoftouristsintosomegardensandbuildingsintheeventofovercrowding.Thankyouforyourunderstanding.EnjoyingServiceandHavingFunTouristservicecentersintheExpoSiteprovideservicesincludinginformationinquiry(查詢),storageofpersonalbelongings,wheelchairandstrollerrenting,lostfoundservice,andsearchformissingpersons.WehopeyouhaveagoodtimeattheExpo.Youcancalltheservicehotlineat861086484017forinquiry,suggestionorplaint.Thanksforyourattention.1.WhichofthefollowingisallowedtoentertheExpoSite?A.Wheelchairs. B.Dogs. C.Trucks. D.Cars.2.WhichserviceisNOTprovidedbythetouristservicecentersintheExpoSite?A.Strollerrenting. B.Informationinquiry.C.Sellingthesouvenirs. D.Lostfoundservice.3.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Visitorscanbuyticketsonline. B.Thenumberofthetouristsisnotlimited.C.Whoeverclimbsthestructurewillgetfined. D.VisitorsshouldshowIDcardbeforeentering.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，是通知類文章。主要介紹了2019年北京世博會(huì)游客的須知內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Exceptforwheelchairsfortheelderlyandthedisabledandstrollersforchildren,novehiclesareallowedtoentertheExpoSite.可知，除老人、殘疾人輪椅和兒童推車外，其他車輛不得進(jìn)入園區(qū)。輪椅可以進(jìn)入，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中TouristservicecentersintheExpoSiteprovideservicesincludinginformationinquiry,storageofpersonalbelongings,wheelchairandstrollerrenting,lostfoundservice,andsearchformissingpersons.可知，世博園區(qū)的旅游服務(wù)中心提供的服務(wù)包括信息查詢、個(gè)人物品的存放、輪椅和嬰兒車的租賃、失物招領(lǐng)和失蹤者的搜尋等，但不出售紀(jì)念品（sellingthesouvenirs）。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中pleasewaitinlinesandgetyourIDcardreadyforprecheck,ticketcheckandsecurityinspectionbeforeentering.可知，進(jìn)入世博會(huì)前需排隊(duì)等候，并準(zhǔn)備好身份證，以便在入場前進(jìn)行預(yù)檢、檢票和安全檢查。所以游客要在進(jìn)入園區(qū)前出示身份證。故選D。BThefirstdayofschoolourprofessorchallengedustogettoknowsomeonewedidn’talreadyknow.Iturnedroundtofindawrinkled,littleoldladylookingatmewithasmilethatlitupherentirebeing.Shesaid,“Hi,handsome.MynameisRose.I’meightysevenyearsold.CanIgiveyouahug?”Ilaughedandenthusiasticallyresponded,“Ofcourseyoumay!”andshegavemeagiantsqueeze.Webecameinstantfriends.Everydayforthenextthreemonths,wewouldleaveclasstogetherandtalknonstop.Overthecourseoftheyear,Rosebecameacampusiconandsheeasilymadefriendswherevershewent.AttheendofthesemesterweinvitedRosetospeakatourfootballbanquet.Afterbeingintroduced,sheclearedherthroatandbegan.“Wedonotstopplayingbecauseweareold,wegrowoldbecausewestopplaying.Thereareonlyfoursecretstostayingyoung,beinghappyandachievingsuccess.Youhavetolaughandfindhumoreveryday.You’vegottohaveadream.Whenyouloseyourdreams,youwilldie.Wehavesomanypeoplewalkingaroundwhoaredeadanddon’tevenknowit!Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup.Ifyouarenineteenyearsoldandlieinbedforonefullyearanddon’tdooneproductivething,youwillturntwentyyearsold.IfIameightysevenyearsoldandstayinbedforayearandneverdoanything.Iwillturneightyeight.Theelderlyusuallydon’thaveregretsforwhatwedidbutratherforthingswedidnotdo.Theonlypeoplewhofeardeatharethosewithregrets.”Sheconcludedherspeechbycourageouslysinging“TheRose”.Shechallengedeachofustostudythelyricsandlivethemoutinourdailylives.Rosetaughtusbyexamplethatitisnevertoolatetorealizeourdreams.4.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeRose?A.Ambitiousandstrict. B.Positiveandoptimistic.C.Regretfulandcourageous. D.Confidentandkindhearted.5.Rosewasinvitedtospeakatthefootballbanquetprobablybecause________.A.shewasabigfootballfan B.shewasawelleducatedprofessorC.shewasanoutstandingstudent D.shewasaninspiringfigure6.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimply?A.Ifyouregretnothing,youwon’tfeardeath.B.Ifyoufeardeath,youwillregretsomething.C.Peopleregretsomethingwhentheyfacedeath.D.Peoplediewithregretsbecauseofwhattheyhavedone.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Mybestfriend B.DreaminheartC.Secretstosuccess D.Acceptingchallenges【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章記敘了作者學(xué)校一位87歲的老太太Rose，是校園的偶像，無論她去哪里，她都很容易交到朋友。文章記敘了她在一次足球宴會(huì)上發(fā)言，她以身作則說明了內(nèi)心有夢想的重要性?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段中Rose的講話“Wedonotstopplayingbecauseweareold,wegrowoldbecausewestopplaying.Thereareonlyfoursecretstostayingyoung,beinghappyandachievingsuccess.Youhavetolaughandfindhumoreveryday.You’vegottohaveadream.Whenyouloseyourdreams,youwilldie.Wehavesomanypeoplewalkingaroundwhoaredeadanddon’tevenknowit!Thereisahugedifferencebetweengrowingolderandgrowingup.（“我們不會(huì)因?yàn)槟昀隙Ｖ雇嫠＃覀儠?huì)因?yàn)橥Ｖ雇嫠６兝?。保持年輕、快樂和成功只有四個(gè)秘訣。你每天都要笑，每天都要找到幽默。你必須有一個(gè)夢想。當(dāng)你失去你的夢想，你會(huì)死。我們周圍有那么多人死了卻不知道!變老和長大之間有很大的區(qū)別。”）可推知Rose是一個(gè)積極樂觀的人。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段Sheconcludedherspeechbycourageouslysinging“TheRose”.Shechallengedeachofustostudythelyricsandlivethemoutinourdailylives.Rosetaughtusbyexamplethatitisnevertoolatetorealizeourdreams.（她勇敢地唱著《玫瑰》結(jié)束了演講。她向我們每個(gè)人提出挑戰(zhàn)，讓我們學(xué)習(xí)歌詞，并在日常生活中實(shí)踐它們。Rose以身作則告訴我們，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太遲。）可推知Rose被邀請?jiān)谧闱蜓鐣?huì)上發(fā)言，可能是因?yàn)樗且粋€(gè)鼓舞人心的人物。故選D?！?題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文Theelderlyusuallydon’thaveregretsforwhatwedid,butratherforthingswedidnotdo.（老年人通常不會(huì)對我們所做的事感到后悔，而是對我們沒有做的事感到后悔。）可推知?jiǎng)澗€句子的意思為“如果你什么都不后悔，你就不會(huì)害怕死亡?！惫蔬xA?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中Shechallengedeachofustostudythelyricsandlivethemoutinourdailylives.Rosetaughtusbyexamplethatitisnevertoolatetorealizeourdreams.（她向我們每個(gè)人提出挑戰(zhàn)，讓我們學(xué)習(xí)歌詞，并在日常生活中實(shí)踐它們。Rose以身作則告訴我們，實(shí)現(xiàn)夢想永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)太遲。）以及第六段中You’vegottohaveadream.Whenyouloseyourdreams,youwilldie.（你必須有一個(gè)夢想。當(dāng)你失去你的夢想，你會(huì)死。）結(jié)合文章主要內(nèi)容為Rose以身作則告訴我們，內(nèi)心有夢想的重要性?？芍狟選項(xiàng)符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。CHaveyoueverheardsomeonesay,“youtotallylooklikeyou’reaJessica”orsomethingsimilar?Peopleseemtothinkthattheyknowwhatkindofpersona“Jessica”ora“Michael”lookslike.Whyisthis?AccordingtoastudypublishedintheJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.ResearchersattheHebrewUniversityofJerusalem,Israel,collectedthousandsofphotosofpeople’sfaces.Theylabeledeachphotowithfournames.Then,theyaskedvolunteerstoguesswhichofthefournameswascorrect.Thevolunteerswereabletoguesstherightname38percentofthetime.Itseemsthatcertaincharacteristicsoffacesgivethemcluesaboutsomeone’sname,Reader’sDigestreported.However,thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.Thismayshowthataperson’sappearanceisaffectedbytheirnameonlyiftheyuseitoften.Thiskindoffacenamematchinghappens“becauseofaprocessofselffulfillingprophecy(自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言),aswebeewhatotherpeopleexpectustobee.”RuthMayofromtheuniversitytoldsciencenewswebsiteEurekAlert.Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.Forexample,peopletendtothinkthatmennamedBobshouldhaverounderfacesbecausetheworditselflooksround.PeoplemaythinkthatwomennamedRosearebeautiful.Theyexpectthemtobe“delicate”and“feminine(女性的)”,justliketheflowertheyarenamedfor.8.Whatwasthepurposeofthestudy?A.Tofindouttoday’smostpopularEnglishnames.B.Tolearnhownamesinfluencepersonality.C.Tofindoutwhethernamesrelatetotheirlooks.D.Toshowhowmen’snamesaredifferentfromwomen’s.9.Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?A.Volunteersfounditeasiertoguessnicknamescorrectly.B.Namesmayhavedifferentassociationsindifferentcultures.C.Volunteerscouldguessthecharacteristicsofthosepeople.D.Thepeopleinthephotosandvolunteerswerefromthesamecountry.10.AccordingtoRuthMayo,whydosomepeoplelookliketheirnames?A.Theytendtobeewhatothersexpectthemtobee.B.Theywanttopleaseeveryonearoundthem.C.Theydon’twanttobedifferentfromothers.D.Theyliketocopyfamouspeoplewhosharethesamename.11.Whatpointdoesthelastparagraphwanttoexplain?A.Earlierstudiesaboutstereotypesarelimited.B.Stereotypesaboutnamescanbringgoodresults.C.Stereotypesaboutnamescanaffectpeople’slooks.D.It’snotalwaysbadtobeinfluencedbytheexpectationsofothers.【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。人們傾向于把人的名字和外表聯(lián)系起來，甚至可以根據(jù)長相來猜測一個(gè)人的名字。先前的研究已經(jīng)表明，性別和種族刻板印象可以影響一個(gè)人的外表。研究人員認(rèn)為，對名字的刻板印象也會(huì)影響人們的長相。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段提到，人們經(jīng)常會(huì)聽到別人說“你今天長得好像Jessica?！辈⑻岢隽讼鄳?yīng)的疑問。因此做實(shí)驗(yàn)研究以確定是否名字與長相有關(guān)。故選C。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段提到“humanstendtoassociatepeople’snameswiththeirappearance,andcanevenguesssomeone’snamebasedonhowtheylook.”人們傾向于將人的名字和外表聯(lián)系起來，甚至?xí)ㄟ^別人的長相來猜測名字。在第五段提到“thisonlyworkedwhenthevolunteerslookedatnamesfromtheirownculture.Inaddition,thevolunteerswerenotasgoodatguessingtherealnamesofpeoplewhousednicknamesmoreoftenthantheirrealnames.”但這只在同種文化的人們之間才適用，而且在猜測別人的昵稱時(shí)結(jié)果并不明顯。說明在不同的文化中名字有著不同的聯(lián)系，故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第六段提到長相和姓名的關(guān)聯(lián)度是因?yàn)椤皊elffulfillingprophecy”，即人們會(huì)長成別人希望他長成的樣子，故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。文章最后一段提到“Earlierstudieshaveshownthatgenderandracestereotypes(刻板印象)canaffectaperson’sappearance.”早期的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，性別及種族的刻板印象會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的外表，同時(shí)在第二句提到“Theresearchersbelievetherearealsosimilarstereotypesaboutnames.”研究者也發(fā)現(xiàn)在姓名中也會(huì)有刻板印象的現(xiàn)象。對名字的刻板印象會(huì)影響人們的長相。故選C。DSummertimeisoftenfilledwithoutdoorpartiesandfoodtrucks,meaningyou’respendingmoretimestandingupandeating.Butifyouwanttoactuallyenjoyyourmeal,researcherssayyou’rebetterofffindingaseat.AnewstudypublishedintheJournalofConsumerResearchfindspostureimpactstasteperception(感知),withfoodtastingbetterwhenyou’resittingdown.DpayanBiswas,professorofmarketingattheUniversityofSouthFlorida,foundthatholdingastandingpostureforevenafewminutesleadstophysicalstress,Researchersthenprovidedparticipantsclassicbitesizedcakesbakedatalocalrestaurantthatweretestedandwidelyconsideredpleasanttasting.Thosewhoweresittingdownratedthemtobemostdelicious.However,whenthebakerchangedtherecipeandmadethetasteunpleasantbyaddinganextracupofsalt,theresultswereopposite.Participantsstandingupdidn’tnoticethecakestastingsaltiertothatextent,andactuallyratedthemtohavearelativelymorefavorabletasteperceptionthanthosewhosampledthemwhilesittingdown.“Thisfindingsuggeststhatparentsmightbeabletomakeunpleasanttasting,healthyfoodsseemmoredelicioustoreluctant(不情愿的)childrenbyhavingthemeatstandingup(vs.sittingdown).Alsoitmightbebeneficialtomaintainastandingposturewhenconsumingmedicalproductsthathaveunpleasanttastes.”Inaddition,theteamtestedposture’simpactontemperatureperception.Participantswereprovidedcupsofhotcoffee.Thosestandingupreporteditnotbeingasintenseasthosewhoweresittingdown.However,theydranklessthanthosesitting,suggestingphysicalstresssuppressesappetite.Eatingwhilestandingcanalsohelpwithlongtermweightlossgoals.Specifically,eatingwhilestanding(vs.sitting)leadstoloweramountofconsumption.12.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Summeristhebestseasontoenjoytastyfood.B.Yourpostureinfluenceyourfoodperception.C.Youhadbetterstandupwheneatingfood.D.Sittingdownhelpsyouenjoyyourfood.13.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“muting”underlinedinparagraph2?A.encouraging B.approvingC.discouraging D.disapproving14.Accordingtothepassage,howmanyexperimentswereconductedbyDipayanBiswasandhisteam?A.1. B.2.C.3. D.4.15.Astandingpositionwhileeatingisespeciallybeneficialtothoseexcept________.A.agirlwhowantstokeepslimB.acouplewhoareenjoyingtheirdinnerC.achildwhoisunwillingtotakebitterpillsD.amumwhosechildrenrefusetoeattastelessfood【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。發(fā)表在《消費(fèi)者研究》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，姿勢會(huì)影響味覺，當(dāng)你坐著的時(shí)候，食物的味道會(huì)更好。站立姿勢哪怕只有幾分鐘，也會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體壓力，削弱味覺?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句AnewstudypublishedintheJournalofConsumerResearchfindspostureimpactstasteperception,withfoodtastingbetterwhenyou’resittingdown.（發(fā)表在《消費(fèi)者研究》雜志上的一項(xiàng)新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，姿勢會(huì)影響味覺，當(dāng)你坐著的時(shí)候，食物的味道會(huì)更好。）以及文章主要內(nèi)容可知主要圍繞你的姿勢會(huì)影響你對食物的感知。故選B。【13題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)下文Theforceofgravitypushesbloodtothelowerpartsofthebody,causingthehearttoworkhardertopumpbloodbackuptothetopofthebody,acceleratingheartrate.（重力將血液推到身體下部，導(dǎo)致心臟更加努力地工作，將血液泵回身體上部，加速心率。）可知保持站立姿勢哪怕只有幾分鐘，也會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體壓力，這會(huì)削弱味覺。故可推測劃線單詞意思為“減弱；阻止”。故選C?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Biswasconfirmedhisassumptionbyhaving350participantsratethetasteofapitachip.Thosewhowerestandinggaveitalessfavorableratingthanthosewhoweresittinginachair.（Biswas讓350名參與者對皮塔餅的味道打分，證實(shí)了他的假設(shè)。站著的人對它的評價(jià)不如坐在椅子上的人好。）為第一次試驗(yàn)；根據(jù)第三段第一句Researchersthenprovidedparticipantsclassicbitesizedcakesbakedatalocalrestaurantthatweretestedandwidelyconsideredpleasanttasting.（然后，研究人員為參與者提供了在當(dāng)?shù)匾患也蛷d烘焙的經(jīng)典一口大小的蛋糕，這些蛋糕經(jīng)過了測試，被普遍認(rèn)為味道不錯(cuò)。）為第二次試驗(yàn)；以及最后一段第一句Inaddition,theteamtestedposture’simpactontemperatureperception.（此外，研究小組還測試了姿勢對溫度感知的影響。）為第三次試驗(yàn)。故可知Dipayanbisis和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)做了三次試驗(yàn)。故選C。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thisfindingsuggeststhatparentsmightbeabletomakeunpleasanttasting,healthyfoodsseemmoredelicioustoreluctantchildrenbyhavingthemeatstandingup(vs.sittingdown).Alsoitmightbebeneficialtomaintainastandingposturewhenconsumingmedicalproductsthathaveunpleasanttastes.”（這一發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，父母讓孩子站著(而不是坐著)吃東西，可能會(huì)讓他們覺得不喜歡吃的健康食品更美味。此外，在食用味道不佳的醫(yī)療產(chǎn)品時(shí)，保持站立的姿勢也可能是有益的。”）可知站姿對不愿吃苦藥的孩子和不愿吃無味食物的母親是有益的，故排除C、D選項(xiàng)；以及最后一段最后一句Specifically,eatingwhilestanding(vs.sitting)leadstoloweramountofconsumption.（具體地說，站著(相對于坐著)吃東西會(huì)減少消耗。）可知站姿對于想要減肥的女性有益，故排除A選項(xiàng)。而對B選項(xiàng)“一對夫婦正在享受他們的晚餐”并沒有益處。故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】詞義猜測題是高考閱讀理解中常考題型之一，可以大致分為①定義猜詞，可以根據(jù)定義信息和舉例猜測詞義。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②邏輯猜詞可以根據(jù)同義詞、反義詞、因果關(guān)系詞等猜測詞義，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜詞與這些提示詞前/后面部分的含義一樣、相反或是前因后果。③語法猜詞，可以根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法，再結(jié)合上下文進(jìn)行猜詞。④語境猜詞，猜測詞義離不開上下文語境，通過上下文提供的情景和線索進(jìn)行合理的分析，同時(shí)還要關(guān)注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜詞即找出人稱代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞等所指代的內(nèi)容，做題時(shí)要注意指代詞的位置，以便于判斷，然后用所找的指代內(nèi)容替換劃線代詞，核實(shí)其邏輯、意義、位置等是否一致，最后比較所找部分與選項(xiàng)，確定意思最接近的選項(xiàng)。如第二小題，根據(jù)下文Theforceofgravitypushesbloodtothelowerpartsofthebody,causingthehearttoworkhardertopumpbloodbackuptothetopofthebody,acceleratingheartrate.（重力將血液推到身體下部，導(dǎo)致心臟更加努力地工作，將血液泵回身體上部，加速心率。）可知保持站立姿勢哪怕只有幾分鐘，也會(huì)導(dǎo)致身體壓力，這會(huì)削弱味覺。故可推測劃線單詞意思為“減弱；阻止”。故選C。E根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Colorpermeates(滲透)allaspectsofourlives．Itshapeshowwesensetheworld，andbenefitsourhealthandmind．___16___．colorhasasignificantimpactonourlives．Forstarters，itcanmakeuslessviolent.Beingforted—andconfidentWhenyouneedsomefortingandconfidence，orangeiswhatyouneed.“Itbinestheenergyofredandthehappinessofyellow，”saidSaraPetitt，ascientistattheFashionInstituteofTechnology．Hecalledorangethehappiestcolor，anddescribeditas“redbroughtnearertohumanitybyyellow．”___17___．Thatisthepoweroforange．RemovingfearMosthumanculturesdislikethecolorofblack．Expertsarguethatweneedblacktomakeourwardrobesradiatesophisticationbutalsotoovereourfears．“Inthedark，ourvisualsensevanishes．___18___．Werelyonourvisualsystemtohelpprotectusfromharm，”saidAntony，apsychologyprofessor．Butblackisnotasdarkaswethink．FrenchartistRenoircalledblackthequeenofallcolors．Thecolorofyourbody—andloveRedisourcolor．Ourbodiesproduce2millionredbloodcellseverysinglesecond．Weneedthecolorredbecauseithasapowerfuleffectonourbrains．Scientificstudieshavefoundthatthecolormakesusstronger，morealert，morepetitive．___19___，manyofusgetredinthefacefromincreasedbloodflow．Redcanalsomakeusappearmoreattractivetooneanother，whichiswhyredlipstickisonbillionsoflips．KeepingyouhealthyandcalmOureyescandetectlightbetweenwavelengthsof400and700nanometers，arangeknownasthevisiblespectrum(光波)．Inthemiddleofthespectrumresidesgreen．___20___．Thecolorgreenalsokeepsuscalm，whichisoneofthereasonswhythereissomuchofgreeninmanyhospitals．A.ColordirectlyinfluencesthesoulB.EventhoughwehavenotrealizeditC.WeallhavedifferentrelationshipswithcolorsD.Whenweareshy，angryandexcitedE.WeareunabletodetectwhoorwhatisaroundusF.ThiswavelengthiswhereoursenseisatitsbestandkeepsusfitG.Imaginethereliefyoufeelsoakinginthebeautyofadramaticsunset【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.D20.F【解析】【分析】本文為介紹說明文。文章指出顏色滲透到我們生活的方方面面，它塑造了我們感知世界的方式，并有益于我們的健康和心智。【16題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文“Colorpermeates(滲透)allaspectsofourlives．Itshapeshowwesensetheworld，andbenefitsourhealthandmind．”（顏色滲透到我們生活的方方面面它塑造了我們感知世界的方式，并有益于我們的健康和心智）可知，即使我們沒有意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)，顏色對我們的生活還是有顯著影響的。故B選項(xiàng)正確?！?7題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文“Itbinestheenergyofredandthehappinessofyellow”（它結(jié)合了紅色的能量和黃色的幸福）“Hecalledorangethehappiestcolor”（他把橙色稱為最幸福的顏色）可知，G項(xiàng)對“浸在美麗的夕陽下的享受”符合此處語境。故G選項(xiàng)正確。【18題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文“Inthedark，ourvisualsensevanishes”（在黑暗中，我們的視覺就消失了）可知，E項(xiàng)“我們無法察覺我們周圍的人或事”符合此處語境。故E選項(xiàng)正確。【19題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文“Weneedthecolorredbecauseithasapowerfuleffectonourbrains…thecolormakesusstronger，morealert，morepetitive”（我們需要紅色，因?yàn)樗鼘ξ覀兊拇竽X有一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的影響……這種顏色會(huì)使我們變得更加強(qiáng)大、更加清醒、更有競爭力）可知，此處指“當(dāng)我們害羞、憤怒和興奮時(shí)，我們中的許多人會(huì)因?yàn)檠髁吭黾佣樇t”。故D選項(xiàng)正確。【20題詳解】考查上下文和句意理解。根據(jù)上文對wavelengths（波長）和spectrum（光波）的描述可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“這種波長是我們的感覺處于最佳狀態(tài)的波長，它使我們保持健康”符合此處語境。故F選項(xiàng)正確。【點(diǎn)睛】七選五題型要求考生從整體上把握文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)容上的聯(lián)系，理解句子之間、段落之間的關(guān)系，對諸如連貫性、一致性等語段特征有較強(qiáng)的意識(shí)和熟練的把握。同時(shí)要理解上下文和選項(xiàng)句意，找準(zhǔn)文章里面的關(guān)鍵詞及選項(xiàng)中的對應(yīng)詞。如第1小題，需要讀懂上文，上文指出“顏色滲透到我們生活的方方面面它塑造了我們感知世界的方式，并有益于我們的健康和心智”，下文意為“顏色對我們的生活還是有顯著影響的”可知，設(shè)空處意為“即使你意識(shí)不到這一點(diǎn)（上文指出的顏色滲透及影響）”；第5小題，該段中的wavelengths（波長）和spectrum（光波）是關(guān)鍵詞，而選項(xiàng)F中的wavelength則是對應(yīng)詞，由此可判斷正確選項(xiàng)。三、完形填空(本大題共20小題，共1.5分)Itseemsthatthegreatdesireamongtheyoungistobepopular.Andoncetheyachieve____21____,theywanttokeepitand____22____it.Butthedesiretobepopularcan____23____youintolookingandactinglikeeveryoneelse.Youcanloseyourselfinaseaof____24____hairstylesandthinkingstyles.Iwasforcedto____25____popularitylongbeforeinatalkIhadwithmydaughter.Margyhadto____26____schoolswhenmybusyworkschedulemadeit____27____formetomovehouses.Isupposethat,foragirlinherteens,____28____anewschoolisaseasyasspendingaseasonaloneinthetropicaljungles.However,astheschoolyear____29____toanend,onestudentafteranothercametoher.Theysaidtheywouldhavelikedtobefriendssooner.ItoldMargythatIwouldhavebeenmoreconcernedifshehadbeena(n)____30____socialsuccessinhernewschool.That,tome,wouldhavebeenthe____31____thatshehadbetrayedher____32____selfinordertobeepopular.Sometimesyoungpeopletrytoforcefriendshipsintoblossombyopening____33____theirinnermostthoughtstopeopletheyhavejustmet.Suchfriendshipsaretheleastlikelyto____34____.Iknowthatithasbeeharderandharderforayoungpersontostandupagainstthepopularitywaveandto____35____hisorherownway.Thisleadstoagreat____36____fortheyoungpersonwhowantstofindhisorherown____37____.Butthebarrierisworthclimbingover.Theroadisworth____38____.Youmaywanttolistentoclassicalmusicinsteadofgoingtoaparty.Youmaywanttocollectrockswheneveryoneelseiscollectingrecords.Well,eon!Findyourself.Beyourself.Popularitywillewiththepeoplewho____39____youforwhoyouare.That’stheonlykindofpopularitythatreally____40____.21.A.permission B.popularity C.safety D.ambition22.A.improve B.create C.abandon D.express23.A.persuade B.cheat C.frighten D.force24.A.personal B.childish C.similar D.ridiculous25.A.thinkabout B.speakout C.ment D.discuss26.A.leave B.change C.arrange D.apply27.A.famous B.important C.necessary D.impossible28.A.believing B.finding C.entering D.handling29.A.came B.developed C.finished D.spent30.A.academic B.slim C.political D.instant31.A.evidence B.means C.qualification D.purpose32.A.innocent B.numb C.plex D.true33.A.thoroughly B.exactly C.partly D.typically34.A.form B.last C.break D.adjust35.A.recall B.desert C.transfer D.seek36.A.choices B.lessons C.barrier D.goals37.A.motivation B.path C.hobby D.potential38.A.destroying B.following C.preparing D.noticing39.A.encourage B.sympathize C.respect D.remind40.A.varies B.differs C.does D.counts【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.B27.C28.C29.A30.D31.A32.D33.A34.B35.D36.C37.B38.B39.C40.D【解析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。主要內(nèi)容是年輕人最大愿望似乎是受歡迎，但衍生了許多負(fù)面的影響，作者從自己的角度闡述了什么才是“受歡迎”。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：年輕人的最大愿望似乎是受歡迎。一旦他們獲得了知名度，他們想要保持并提高它。A.permission允許；B.popularity流行；C.safety安全；D.ambition雄心。根據(jù)空前的tobepopular可知，此處表示當(dāng)年輕人一旦獲得了知名度，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦他們獲得了知名度，他們想要保持并提高它。A.improve改進(jìn)；B.create創(chuàng)造；C.abandon拋棄；D.express表達(dá)。根據(jù)句意可知，年輕人有了知名度之后并想保持和提高知名度，故選A?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是想要受歡迎的欲望會(huì)迫使你看起來和表現(xiàn)得像其他人一樣。A.persuade勸說；B.cheat欺騙；C.frighten使驚嚇；D.force強(qiáng)迫。根據(jù)句意和下文可知，想要受歡迎，就會(huì)迫使你和別人一樣，比如弄一個(gè)和別人相似的發(fā)型，故選D?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：你可能會(huì)在一大堆相似的發(fā)型和思維方式中迷失自己。A.personal私人的；B.childish孩子氣的；C.similar相似的；D.ridiculous可笑的。根據(jù)上文可知，想要受歡迎的欲望會(huì)迫使你和別人看起來一樣，故此處表示你會(huì)弄一個(gè)和別人相似的發(fā)型，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和詞組辨析。句意：很久以前，在我和女兒的一次談話中，我不得不考慮受歡迎程度。A.thinkabout思考；B.speakout說出；C.ment評論；D.discuss討論。根據(jù)下文可知，通過女兒在學(xué)校的一個(gè)小故事從而引發(fā)了個(gè)作者的思考，故選A?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：由于工作繁忙，我不得不搬家，瑪姬不得不轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)。A.leave離開；B.change改變；C.arrange安排；D.apply應(yīng)用。根據(jù)下文可知，作者工作繁忙要搬家，Margy不得不轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)，changeschool意為“轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)”，故選B。27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于工作繁忙，我不得不搬家，瑪姬不得不轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)。A.famous著名的；B.important重要的；C.necessary必要的；D.impossible不可能的。根據(jù)下文可知，因?yàn)樽髡吖ぷ鞣泵?，我不得不搬家，makeitnecessarytodo…意為“使做某事是必要的”，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我想，對于一個(gè)十幾歲的女孩來說，進(jìn)入一所新學(xué)校就像獨(dú)自在熱帶叢林里度過一個(gè)季節(jié)一樣簡單。A.believing相信；B.finding找到；C.entering進(jìn)入；D.handling處理。根據(jù)前文可知，作者認(rèn)為女兒入學(xué)是比較容易的，enterschool意為“入學(xué)”，故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，隨著學(xué)年的結(jié)束，一個(gè)又一個(gè)學(xué)生來找她。他們說他們本想早點(diǎn)成為朋友的。A.came來；B.developed發(fā)展；C.finished完成；D.spent花費(fèi)。根據(jù)句意可知，隨著一個(gè)學(xué)年的結(jié)束，學(xué)生們都來找她，etoanend意為“結(jié)束”，故選A?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴瑪姬，如果她在新學(xué)校里一舉成名，我會(huì)更擔(dān)心的。A.academic學(xué)術(shù)的；B.slim瘦小的；C.political政治上的；D.instant立即的。根據(jù)句意可知，作者擔(dān)心，如果女兒在學(xué)校里一舉成名，aninstantsocialsuccess意為“一舉成名”，故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對我來說，這就是她為了出名而背叛真實(shí)自我的證據(jù)。A.evidence證據(jù)；B.means方式；C.qualification資格；D.purpose目的。根據(jù)下文可知，作者認(rèn)為年輕人通過對剛認(rèn)識(shí)的人敞開心扉對自己而言是背叛自己證據(jù)，故選A?！?2