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高考英語(yǔ)短文改錯(cuò)考點(diǎn)解析-非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞
一、考點(diǎn)規(guī)律分析
短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的考查主要涉及不定式符號(hào)to的有無(wú),介詞后該使用動(dòng)詞的什
么形式(用動(dòng)名詞),并列結(jié)構(gòu)中幾個(gè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否一致,動(dòng)詞用作主語(yǔ)時(shí)用何種形式(可
用動(dòng)名詞或不定式,但不能用動(dòng)詞原形)等。
二、真題單句歸納
(1)DavidandIwantedgoofftofindhelpbutBillinsistedonstayingnear
thecar.(wanted后加to,因?yàn)閣ant后要接不定式)(全國(guó)卷)
(2),??ratherthangointotheforestandgettinglost,(getting改get,
因?yàn)間et與其前的go并列)(全國(guó)卷)
(3)Davidpointedtoapathwhichhethoughtwouldprobablyleadingtoavillage,
(leading改為lead,因?yàn)槠淝坝兄鷦?dòng)詞would)(全國(guó)卷)
(4)IwentbacktogetDavidandhelpedhimtostoodup.(stood改為stand,
因?yàn)閠ostandup在此為不定式結(jié)構(gòu))(全國(guó)卷)
(5)CharlesandLindaMasondoallofthesethingsaswellasclimbedbuilding,
(climbed改為climb/climbing,弟將aswellas視為連詞,則將climbed改為climb,
因?yàn)樗c其前的do并列;若將aswellas視為介詞,則climbing,因?yàn)榻樵~后動(dòng)詞用
動(dòng)名詞)(全國(guó)卷)
(6)Modernpeopleknowmoreabouthealth,havebetterfood,andtolivein
clearersurroundings.(去掉live前的to,因?yàn)閘ive與其前的know,have并列)
(全國(guó)卷)
(7)TheWorldHealthOrganizationandotherorganizationsareworking
improvehealthallovertheworld.(improve前加to,toimprove…為表目的的不
定式短語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)
(8),??youpaythecostofsendapostcard,thelibrarianwi11writetoyou.
(send改為sending,因?yàn)榻樵~后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)
(9),?,andletyoutoknowwhenthebookyouwanthasreturned(去掉know前
的to,因?yàn)槠淝坝袆?dòng)詞let)(全國(guó)卷)
(10)Iwanttothankyouagainforhavemeinyourhomeforthesummerholidays,
(have改為having,因?yàn)榻樵~后接動(dòng)名訶作賓語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)
(11)Ihadalwayswantedreturntothevillageaftermovingaway,(return
前加to,因?yàn)閣ant后要接不定式)(全國(guó)卷)
(12)Itwasverykindofthemtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddroveme
totheirhome,(drove改為drive,因?yàn)閐rive與其前的tomeet并列,此處的drive
為省略to的不定式)(全國(guó)卷)
(13)Ilookforwardtohearfromyousoon.(hear改為hearing,因?yàn)槠淝暗?/p>
to是介詞)(全國(guó)卷)
(14)Playfootballnotonlymakesusgrowuptallandstrongbutalsogives
usasenseoffairplayandteamspirit.(第一個(gè)play改為playing,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞原形
不能用作主語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)
(15)Iwasoftenalittletiredafteraday'sworkandwatchTVdemandsvery
littleeffort.(watch改為watching,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞原形不能用作主語(yǔ))(全國(guó)卷)
(16)IMlikeverymuchcomebutIhaveanexaminationonMondaymorning,
(come前加to,因?yàn)閣ouldlike后接不定式)(北京春季卷)
(17)I41spendthewholeweekendreadingandprepareforit.(prepare改
為preparing,因?yàn)樗c其前的reading并列,與其前所用的動(dòng)詞spend有關(guān))(北京
春季卷)
(18)Butthenthereisalwaysmoremysterieslookinto,(look前力口to,止匕
處為不定式作后置定語(yǔ))(北京春季卷)
(19)Afterlearnthebasicsofthesubject,nothingelseseemedverypractical
tome.(learn改為learning,因?yàn)榻樵~后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(北京春季卷)
(20)Myparentslovemedearlyofcourseandwilldoalltheycanmakesure
thatIgetagoodeducation,(make前加to,因?yàn)閠omake…在此用作目的狀語(yǔ),注
意句型doallonecantodosth)(全國(guó)卷)
(21)Hedidnotwantsharethingswithotherpeople,(want后加to,因?yàn)?/p>
want后要接不定式)(北京春季卷)
(22)Thatis,agameoftennismakinghimverybusy,(making改為made,
因?yàn)槿敝^語(yǔ),不能用非謂語(yǔ)形式,根據(jù)上下文用一般過(guò)去時(shí))(北京春季卷)
(23)Asweclimbedthemountain,wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtold
stories.(visiting改為visited,因?yàn)樗c其前的fed和其后的told并列)(全國(guó)
卷)
(24)Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports,
(go改為going,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞原形不能用作主語(yǔ)?)(安徽春季卷)
(25),,?childrenmaynotdevelopthehabitofreadandtheabilitytoenjoy
themselves.(read改為reading,因?yàn)榻樵~后要接動(dòng)名詞)(年北京春季卷)
(26)---tomakechildrentowantthingsthattheydon'treallyneed.(去掉
want前的to,因?yàn)閣ant…在此用作使役動(dòng)詞make的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ))(年北京春季卷)
(27)SoonIbegantoenjoytalktomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpress
myselfinsimpleEnglish,(talk改為talking,因?yàn)閯?dòng)詞enjoy后要接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))
(全國(guó)卷)
(28)Shakeherhead,shesaid,“Itisnagoodtimetodothat,dear.”
(Shake改為Shaking,現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨)(江蘇卷)
(29)It(slikegoingtoahugelibrarywithouthavetowalkaroundtofind
yourbooks.(have改為having,介詞后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ))(廣西卷)
(30)IamthinkingofmakingatriptoLondon,andvisittheBritishMuseum
andsomeparks.(visit改為visiting,因visit與making并列,作介詞of的賓語(yǔ))(四
川卷)
(31)Ihavesomerecordsgivingtomeasbirthdaygifts,(giving改為given,
“把某物給某人”是givesthtosb;句中records與give是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,故用過(guò)去分詞)
(32)Idreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroomandgivelessons
tolovelyboysandgirls,(give改為giving,因它與standing并列,作dreamof的
賓語(yǔ))
三、模擬單句演練
(1)Inthosedayswewereforcedworktwelvehoursaday.
(2)It'sverydifficultforaforeignerlearnChinese.
(3)Itwassillyofyoubelievewhathesaid.
(4)Hewasmadewashtheboss'scaronceaday.
(5)I'11letyoutoknowassoonasIhearfromher.
(6)Iwavedtoherbutfailedattractherattention.
(7)Ihavealreadyseenthefilmtwice.Idon'twantseeitanymore.
(8)WhatIwantknowiswhenallthishappened.
(9)Itwasclearthathewantedbealone.
(10)Mostchildrenareinterestedinlistentostories.
(11)Walkquicklyisdifficultforanoldman.
(13)Becarefulincrossthestreet.
(14)Thefilmisveryinteresting.Itisworthseetwice.
(15)Findworkisverydifficultthesedays.
(16)MostofusstudentsenjoyaskquestionsinEnglish.
(17)Look,someofmyclassmatesarepractisingspeakEnglishoverthere.
(18)Teachachildtosinganddanceisveryinteresting.
(19)LearntospeakEnglishismoredifficultthantowriteit.
(20)MyfriendJimisverygoodatmakingthingsandrepairthings.
(21)Hedecidedtogotothesouth,findagoodjobandlivingthere.
(22)Itwasverykindofyoutobuyussomemuchfruitandseeingusatthe
station.
(23)Excuseme,wouldyoutotellmethewaytothezoo?
「參考答案」
(1)work前加to,此句為forcesbtodosth的被動(dòng)形式。
(2)learn前加to,此句用的是it'sdifficultforsbtodosth句型。
(3)believe前加to,此句用的是it'ssillyofsbtodosth句型。
(4)wash前加to,makesbdosth中的do不能帶to,但若make用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),
則其后的do要帶to.
(5)去掉to,因?yàn)閘et后用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式不能帶to.
(6)attract前加to,failtodosth意為“未能做某事”。
(7)see前加to,want(想要)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式。
(8)know前加to,want(想要)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式。
(9)be前加to,want(想要)后接動(dòng)詞要用不定式。
(10)listen
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