20192020高二（上）廈門一中開學考試第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ASUPPORTWORKERDoyouhavetheabilitytocareforothers?Canyouunderstandhowolderpeoplefeel?Areyouagoodmunicator?Doyouhavegoodlisteningskills?Canyouworkweekends?IfyouhaveansweredYEStotheabove,wewouldliketohearfromyou:☆Startingrateof￡8.56perhour☆Freeuniform☆ExcellenttrainingCareers@goldencareWOWEEMAGAZINEWritersWantedWoweeMagazineislookingforwritersforitswebsite.Payisbasedonthenumberofpeoplewhoreadyourarticles.Youmayalsoreceivefreeticketstoeventsandfreeproductstotest.Thisisagreatopportunitytogetvaluableworkexperience.Wewantpeoplewhoare:chattyinterestingpassionateskilledContactusatinfo@wowee.CALLINGALLMODELSThinkyoucouldbeamodel?Ifso,we'dliketomeetyou!Workingasasuccessfulfashionmodelisn'teasybutitisveryexcitingandcouldbeagreatopportunity.Girlsshouldbeover16withaminimumheightof172cmandboysshouldhaveaminimumheightof182cm.Ifyouareunder16anddonotyethavetherequiredheight，wewouldstillbeinterestedinmeetingyou，butyoumustbringaparent.Info@topmodelagency.ukWORKFORCOFFEEBEANSJoinBritain'snumberonecafeatCoffeeBeans,whereeverycafehasthesameaims:tocreatefamilyliketeamsandtogiveexcellentcustomerservice.Manydifferentkindsofpeopleeandworkwithus,sostartyourcareeratCoffeeBeanstoday:☆Choosethehoursyouwork☆Getmanagementexperience☆ShareyourloveofcoffeeJoinusasaTeamMember,AssistantManagerofCafeManager,dependingonyourskillsandexperience.Emailusatjobs@coffeebeans.co.uk.1.Whichaddressshouldyouemailatifyouwanttobeasupportworker？A.careers@goldencare B.info@woweeC.info@topmodelagency.uk D.jobs@coffeebeans.co.uk2.AwriterworkingforWoweeMagazinecan______.A.bringaparentB.getafreeuniformC.chooseworkinghoursD.receivefreeticketstoevents3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthejobsfromthejobpostings？A.Themodelopportunityisonlymeantforadults.B.Thereisnoneedtobetrainedasasupportworker.C.EmployeesatCoffeeBeanshavefewmanagementopportunities.D.ApplicantstoWoweeMagazineshouldbesociableandenthusiastic.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應用文，是四則工作招聘告示?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一則廣告的標題SUPPORTWORKER和郵箱Careers@goldencare可知要選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告中的.Youmayalsoreceivefreeticketstoeventsandfreeproductstotest.可知為WoweeMagazine工作的作家可能還會得到一些活動的免費入場券，故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二則廣告中的Wewantpeoplewhoare:chattyinterestingpassionateskilled可知WoweeMagazine想招健談的，有趣的，熱情的并且有技能的人。一個人健談說明其擅長交際。所以申請WoweeMagazine工作的必須是善于交際，對工作熱情的人，故選D項?！军c睛】做細節(jié)理解題時，抓住文段中的事實和細節(jié)是做好該題型的關鍵，也是做好其它類型問題的基礎。該題型幾乎都可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關的信息，或是其變體。做這類題一般采用尋讀法，即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題和選項有關的詞語或句子，再對相關部分進行分析對比，找出答案。比如本文第1.2小題通過題目找到原文相關的句子就直接能夠選出答案。BIt’smonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci’smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.Butthismonknowledgeturnsoutwrong.Anewstudyfindsthatthewomaninthepaintingisactuallylookingoutatananglethat’s15.4degreesofftotheobserver’srightwelloutsideoftherangethatpeoplenormallybelievewhentheythinksomeoneislookingrightatthem.Inotherwords,saidthestudyauthor,Horstmann,“She’snotlookingatyou.“Thisissomewhatironic,becausetheentirephenomenonofaperson’sgaze(凝視)inaphotographorpaintingseemingtofollowthevieweriscalledthe“MonaLisaeffect”.Thateffectisabsolutelyreal,Horstmannsaid.Ifapersonisillustratedorphotographedlookingstraightahead,evenpeopleviewingtheportraitfromananglewillfeeltheyarebeinglookedat.Aslongastheangleoftheperson’sgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,theMonaLisaeffectoccurs.Thisisimportantforhumaninteractionwithonscreencharacters.Ifyouwantsomeoneofftotherightsideofaroomtofeelthatapersononscreenislookingathimorher,youdon’tcutthegazeofthecharactertothatsidesurprisingly,doingsowouldmakeanobserverfeellikethecharacterisn’tlookingatanyoneintheroomatall.Instead,youkeepthegazestraightahead.Horstmannandhiscoauthorwerestudyingthiseffectforitsapplicationinthecreationofartificialintelligenceavatars(虛擬頭像)whenHorstmanntookalonglookatthe“MonaLisa”andrealizedshewasn’tlookingathim.Tomakesureitwasn’tjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe“MonaLisa”onaputerscreen.Theysetarulerbetweentheviewerandthescreenandaskedtheparticipantstonotewhichnumberontherulerintersected(和……相交)MonaLisa’sgaze.TocalculatetheangleofMonaLisa’sgazeasshelookedattheviewer,theymovedtherulerfartherfromorclosertothescreenduringthestudy.Consistently,theresearchersfound,participantsjudgedthatthewomaninthe“MonaLisa”portraitwasnotlookingstraightatthem,butslightlyofftotheirright.Sowhydopeoplerepeatthebeliefthathereyesseemtofollowtheviewer?Horstmannisn’tsure.It’spossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.Ormaybethepeoplewhofirstcoinedtheterm“MonaLisaeffect”justthoughtitwasacoolname.4.Itisgenerallybelievedthatthewomaninthepainting“MonaLisa”___________.A.attractstheviewerstolookbackB.seemsmysteriousbecauseofhereyesC.fixeshereyesonthebackoftheviewersD.looksattheviewerswherevertheystand5.WhatgazerangeinapaintingwillcausetheMonaLisaeffect?A. B. C. D.6.Theexperimentinvolving24peoplewasconductedto______.A.confirmHorstmann’sbeliefB.createartificialintelligenceavatarsC.calculatetheangleofMonaLisa’sgazeD.explainhowtheMonaLisaeffectcanbeapplied7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Horstmannthinksit’scooltocointheterm“MonaLisaeffect”.B.TheMonaLisaeffectcontributestothecreationofartificialintelligence.C.FeelingbeinggazedatbyMonaLisamaybecausedbythedesireforattention.D.Thepositionoftherulerintheexperimentwillinfluencetheviewers’judgement.【答案】4.D5.B6.A7.C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章講述了人們通常認為《蒙娜麗莎》畫像中的女性無論站在房間的哪個角落，似乎娜麗莎總像是在注視著畫外人，。但事實證明，這種常識是錯誤的。為什么人們總是認為她的眼睛會跟著觀眾走呢？Horstmann并不確定。有可能是人們有被注視的欲望，所以他們認為蒙娜麗莎在注視他們，這就是“蒙娜麗莎效應”?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中It’smonknowledgethatthewomaninLeonardodaVinci’smostfamouspaintingseemstolookbackatobservers,followingthemwithhereyesnomatterwheretheystandintheroom.眾所周知，列奧納多?達?芬奇(LeonardodaVinci)最著名的畫作中的女人，無論站在房間的哪個角落，似乎娜麗莎總像是在注視著畫外人，用她的眼睛跟隨他們。可知，人們普遍認為，無論站在哪里，畫作《蒙娜麗莎》中的女人都會看著畫外人。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Aslongastheangleoftheperson’sgazeisnomorethanabout5degreesofftoeitherside,theMonaLisaeffectoccurs.只要人的視線與兩邊的夾角不超過5度，就會出現(xiàn)蒙娜麗莎效應。故選B項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中Tomakesureitwasn’tjusthim,theresearchersasked24peopletoviewimagesofthe“MonaLisa”onaputerscreen.為了確保不僅僅是他，研究人員讓24個人在電腦屏幕上觀看“蒙娜麗莎”的圖像?？芍?，為了證實霍斯曼的看法，對24個人進行了調查。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題題。根據(jù)最后一段中It’spossible,hesaid,thatpeoplehavethedesiretobelookedat,sotheythinkthewomanislookingstraightatthem.他說，人們有被注視的欲望是可能的，所以他們認為女人在注視他們。可知，蒙娜麗莎被注視的感覺可能是由于對注意力的渴望引起的。故選C項。CArainydaycanbeachancetorecharge.Whileyourelaxedonthesofawithamovie,theraindropsfallingonyourwindowsmightonedayprovidethepowerforyourTV.Thisistheideabehindaninventionthatharvestsenergyfromwater.Thetechnologyisbasedonthetriboelectric(摩擦電的)effect.AnengineerattheUniversityofHawaii,DavidMaknewthatit’spossibletogenerateelectricitybyrubbingtwothingstogether.So,hethought,“Whydon’tweusewater?”Adropofwaterslidingacrossasurfacecoatedwithtwodifferentmaterialswouldgenerateenoughfrictiontocreateanelectricalcharge.Byplacingmetalwiresthatthedropofwatertouchedasitmoved,itshouldbepossibletoharvestelectricity,hereasoned.Itworked.Infact,theresearcherslitup15LEDbulbswithasinglemovingwaterdrop.Thisisnotthefirsttimethatscientistshavegotelectricityfromwatergeneratedfriction(摩擦).Earlierexperiments,though,harvestedthechargeproducedinasurfacebyaslidingdropofwater.There,thesurfacehadactedasanelectrode(電極).Thisisdifferent.Theenergyoffrictionisbeingharvestedfromthewateritself.“Itturnsout,”Masays,“thechargeinthewaterdropiswaymorethanthechargeproducedintheotherelectrode.”Infact,histeam’smodelgeneratedalmost100timesmorepowerthanpreviousexperimentsfromasingledropofwater.“Thetechnologycouldsomedaypowerphones,sensorsorothersmallelectronics,”saysChristopherOshman,anengineerattheColoradoSchoolofMines.“Thisworkisasteptowardharvestingtheenergyofmovingobjectsallaroundus,includingourselves,topowertheelectronicappliancesweuseeveryday,”hesays.Mahasshownthatthetechnologycanworkinalab,Oshmansays.Next,theColoradoresearcherwouldliketoseeittriedonalargerscale,suchasonanumbrella.8.Howdidtheauthorintroducethetopicofthetext?A.Bytellingastory.B.Byraisingaquestion.C.Bygivinganexample.D.Byimaginingasituation.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.Thewire. B.Thedropofwater.C.Thesurface. D.Theelectricity.10.WhatisuniqueaboutMa’stechniqueparedwithearlierexperiments?A.Thewateritselfactsasanelectrode.BItisbasedonthetriboelectriceffect.C.Itproduceselectricityfromwatermadefriction.D.Itusesasurfacecoatedwithtwodifferentmaterials.11.WhatdoesOshmansayaboutMa’stechnology?A.Ithasapromisingfuture.B.Itwilldowellonanumbrella.C.Itworkswellintherealworld.D.Itwillreplacebatteriessomeday.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.A【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了夏威夷大學的工程師DavidMa認為摩擦兩件東西來發(fā)電是可能的。事實上，研究人員用一顆移動的水滴點亮了15個LED燈泡。這項技術有一天可以為、傳感器或其他小型電子產(chǎn)品提供動力?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。第一段的Arainydaycanbeachancetorecharge.Whileyourelaxedonthesofawithamovie,theraindropsfallingonyourwindowsmightonedayprovidethepowerforyourTV.Thisistheideabehindaninventionthatharvestsenergyfromwater.意思是雨天可能是一個充電的機會。當你在沙發(fā)上看電影放松時，落在窗戶上的雨滴也許有一天會為你的電視提供能量。這就是一項從水中獲取能量的發(fā)明背后的理念。由此可知，作者通過想象一個情景，引出文章的主題，故選D?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。上文Byplacingmetalwiresthatthedropofwatertouchedasitmoved說通過放置金屬絲，水滴在移動時接觸到金屬絲。由此可知，下文itshouldbepossibletoharvestelectricity,hereasoned.的意思是水滴應該可以獲得電力。it指的是水滴，故選B?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第四段Earlierexperiments,though,harvestedthechargeproducedinasurfacebyaslidingdropofwater.There,thesurfacehadactedasanelectrode(電極).Thisisdifferent.Theenergyoffrictionisbeingharvestedfromthewateritself.（然而，早期的實驗是通過水滴的滑動來收集表面產(chǎn)生的電荷。在那里，表面起著電極的作用。這是不同的。摩擦力是從水本身獲得的。）由此可知，與早期的實驗相比，Ma的技術的獨特之處在于水本身起著電極的作用，故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。答案定位在倒數(shù)第二段“Thetechnologycouldsomedaypowerphones,sensorsorothersmallelectronics,”saysChristopherOshman,anengineerattheColoradoSchoolofMines.“Thisworkisasteptowardharvestingtheenergyofmovingobjectsallaroundus,includingourselves,topowertheelectronicappliancesweuseeveryday,”hesays.（科羅拉多礦業(yè)學院工程師ChristopherOshman說:“這項技術有一天可以為、傳感器或其他小型電子產(chǎn)品提供動力。”他說:“這項工作向收集我們周圍移動物體的能量邁出了一步，包括我們自己，為我們每天使用的電器提供動力?！保┯纱送茢喑?，Oshman認為Ma的技術有一個光明的未來，故選A。DHaveyoueverheardofagritourismwhereyoucanexperiencefarmlife?Ifnot,Dr.CindyAyersElliottwilltellyoutherealstoryofFootPrintFarms.TheoriginalconceptofbuildingFootPrintFarmswassimple.WhenAyersElliottreturnedtoherhometownaftergraduation,shedidn’thavetolookanyfurtherthanherstate’salarminghealthstatisticstofindamission.Everywheresheturned,therewerereportsofhighbloodpressure,diabetes,obesityandheartdisease.“Theproblemwasalreadyidentified.”explainsAyersElliott.“ToomanyMississippianswereseriouslyunhealthyanditdidn’ttakeresearchtoseethat.Andmanyofthestate’sgreatesthealthchallengescoulddirectlyresultfrompoordiet.”Thesedays,FootPrintFarms,whichstartedwithafewraisedbedsofherbsandvegetables,ismakingfresh,naturallygrownfood.“Whenspeakingofthekeytomysuccess,thecoopmodelworksbecausewesharetheworkandrewards,”notesAyersElliott.“AperfectexampleistheWingfieldHighSchoolfootballteam.Toearnthemoneyforequipmentandotheritems,playersmittedtoworkingfivehoursaweekonthefarm,andbytheendofthesummertheyhadproduced1,000melonsandtheprofitsfromtheirsaleshelpedtobuyweights,Tshirts,sweatsuitsandpregamemeals.Butthelessonstheylearnedabouttherewardsofhardworkandworkingtogethertoacplishsomethingwereevenmorevaluableproductsoftheirefforts.”“It’samodelthatcaneasilybelearnedinotherplacesandI’mlookingforwardtoseeingsomeofourcurrentpartnersdojustthat―totakewhattheyhavelearnedhereandspinitoffinothermunities,”AyersElliottremarks.Sheisnowlookingforwardtodevelopinganagritourismaspecttothefarm,wherevisitorscanexperiencefarmlife,learnnewskillsandtakewiththemseedsofinspirationtheycansowintheirownmunitieswhentheyreturnhome.12.WhatmadeAyersElliottsetupFootPrintFarms?A.Theproblemsfacedbylocalfarmers. B.Herfurtherresearchintoheartdisease.C.Thefailureofhercareeraftergraduation. D.Thehealthstateofpeopleinherhometown.13.Whydoestheauthortakethefootballteamasanexample?A.Toadvocatetheconceptofindependence. B.Tostresstheimportanceofteamwork.C.Tosupporttheideaofcoopmodel. D.Toexplorethekeytosuccess.14.WhatisAyersElliot’sattitudetowardsthefutureofFootPrintFarms?A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful. C.Cautious. D.Uncaring.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Naturallygrownfoodbenefitspeople’shealth.B.AyersElliottencouragespeopletoexperiencefarm.C.FoodPrintFarmsismakingadifferenceinMississippi.D.AgritourismisbeingincreasinglypopularinAmerica.【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了CindyAyersElliott博士出于想要改變家鄉(xiāng)人們健康狀況的初衷，成立了足印農場，介紹了農場的經(jīng)營過程以及Elliott對農場的一些看法，足印農場對密西西比河周邊的人起了積極的作用?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“TheoriginalconceptofbuildingFootPrintFarmswassimple.WhenAyersElliottreturnedtoherhometownaftergraduation,shedidn’thavetolookanyfurtherthanherstate’salarminghealthstatisticstofindamission.Everywheresheturned,therewerereportsofhighbloodpressure,diabetes,obesityandheartdisease.(建造腳印農場的最初概念很簡單。AyersElliott畢業(yè)后回到家鄉(xiāng)，她只需要看看該州令人擔憂的健康數(shù)據(jù)，就能找到使命。無論她走到哪里，都有關于高血壓、糖尿病、肥胖癥和心臟病的報道)”以及“ToomanyMississippianswereseriouslyunhealthyanditdidn’ttakeresearchtoseethat.Andmanyofthestate’sgreatesthealthchallengescoulddirectlyresultfrompoordiet.(太多密西西比人嚴重不健康，這一點無需研究就能發(fā)現(xiàn)。而該州許多最大的健康挑戰(zhàn)可能直接來自不良的飲食習慣)”可知，讓AyersElliott成立了足印農場的原因是她家鄉(xiāng)人們的健康狀況。故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“‘Whenspeakingofthekeytomysuccess,thecoopmodelworksbecausewesharetheworkandrewards,’notesAyersElliott.“AperfectexampleistheWingfieldHighSchoolfootballteam.”可知AyersElliott指出：“在談到我成功的關鍵時，合作模式之所以奏效，是因為我們可以分享工作和回報?！睖胤茽柕赂咧凶闱蜿牼褪且粋€很好的例子?？赏浦?，作者舉足球隊為例是為了支持合作模式的想法。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“‘It’samodelthatcaneasilybelearnedinotherplacesandI’mlookingforwardtoseeingsomeofourcurrentpartnersdojustthat―totakewhattheyhavelearnedhereandspinitoffinothermunities,’AyersElliottremarks.”可知AyersElliott說：“這是一個在其他地方很容易學習的模式，我期待看到我們目前的一些合作伙伴也這樣做，把他們在這里學到的東西應用到其他社區(qū)。”由此可推知，AyersElliott對足跡農場未來持樂觀態(tài)度。故選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Haveyoueverheardofagritourismwhereyoucanexperiencefarmlife?Ifnot,Dr.CindyAyersElliottwilltellyoutherealstoryofFootPrintFarms.”可知你聽說過農業(yè)旅游嗎？在那里你可以體驗農場生活。如果沒有，CindyAyersElliott博士會告訴你足印農場的真實故事。結合文章主要講述了CindyAyersElliott博士出于想要改變家鄉(xiāng)人們健康狀況的初衷，成立了足印農場，介紹了農場的經(jīng)營過程以及Elliott對農場的一些看法，足印農場對密西西比河周邊的人起了積極的作用。可知這篇文章的主旨是足印農場在密西西比州發(fā)揮著重要作用。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。“Thecalmbeforethestorm”isaveryfamiliarexpression.Itisusuallyusedtodescribeapeacefulperiodjustbeforeaverystressfulsituationoratenseargument.___16___Theynotedthatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobeecalmandthewindswoulddrop.Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?___17___AccordingtoUSwebsiteHowStuffWorks,acalmperiodoccursbecausemanystorms,tornadoesandhurricanesdrawinallthewarmanddampairfromthesurroundingarea.Asthisairrisesintothestormclouds,itcoolsandactsas“fuelforthestorm,likepetrolinacar.“Oncethestormhastakenalltheenergyitcanfromtheair,itispushedoutfromthetopofthestormcloudsandfallsbackdowntogroundlevel.___18___Soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.___19___Firstcounthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder,roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.Agoodjudgementisthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseekshelterstraightaway.However,duetotheplexityofstormsystem,calmdoesn'talwaysgofirst.So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingaingstorminyourarea.___20___A.Sciencehasgivenustheanswer.B.Thereisnodefiniteanswertothequestion.C.Weatherreportssometimescannotbetrusted.D.Britishsailorscoinedthephraseinthelatel600s.E.Astheairdeclines,itbeeswarmanddry,whichisstable.F.TheWeatherNetworkhasatipforworkingouthowfarawayastormis.G.That'sthemostreliablewaytopredictthenextdisplayofnature'stemper.【答案】16.D17.A18.E19.F20.G【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章就“暴風雨前的寧靜”這一說法做出了科學的解釋。并且說明了一種計算暴風雨距離的竅門。同時告訴讀者隨時更新天氣預報是預測下一個自然氣象最可靠的方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)下文Theynotedthatbeforecertainstormstheseaswouldseemtobeecalmandthewindswoulddrop.可知，他們注意到，在某些暴風雨來臨之前，海面似乎會變得平靜，風也會減弱。根據(jù)代詞They可推理上文為指人提出這一說法。故選D“英國水手在16世紀晚期創(chuàng)造了這個短語”切題。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文Butwhyisitoftensocalmbeforeastorm?可知，但是為什么暴風雨來臨前總是那么平靜呢?下文應就此做出回答。故A項“科學已經(jīng)給了我們答案”切題。故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文Soonceitcoversanarea,itcausesacalmperiodbeforethestorm.可知，所以一旦它覆蓋了一個區(qū)域，它就會在風暴前形成一段平靜期。下文為覆蓋，反之可推理上文應為空氣下降，故E選項“當空氣下降，它變得溫暖和干燥，這是穩(wěn)定的”。切題。故選E?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文Firstcounthowmanysecondstherearebetweenaflashoflightningandaclapofthunder,roughlythreesecondsequalonekilometer.Agoodjudgementisthatifyourcountisbelow30seconds,youshouldseekshelterstraightaway.可知，首先數(shù)一下閃電和雷聲之間有多少秒，大約三秒等于一公里。一個最佳判斷是如果你的計數(shù)低于30秒，你應該立即尋求庇護?？芍窃诮榻B一個預測暴風雨距離的方法。故F選項“氣象網(wǎng)絡有一個計算風暴距離的小竅門”切題。故選F?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文So,yourbestbetistokeepyourselfupdatedwithweatherreportsforanypredictionsregardingaingstorminyourarea.可知，你最好辦法就是隨時更新天氣預報，預測你所在地區(qū)即將來臨的暴風雨。下文應繼續(xù)就此展開說明。故G選項“這是預測下一個自然脾氣表現(xiàn)的最可靠的方法”切題。故選G。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分55分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中,選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Everymorning,littleKatemakesthedayofbusdriverJohnReed.TheMilwaukeekidisknowntowaveandjumpupanddownasReed'sbus___21___toherstop.SowhenReed’s___22___changed,heknewhehadto___23___apropergoodbyetothe4yearoldgirl,forallthesweet___24___fromtheangel.“Goodmorning,sweetie!”hegreetedthechildandhermom,Tracy.“Igotyoua___25___,Igotyouabookandthere'ssomethingelseinthereforyou,”hetoldKateashehandedherashiningbag.Thesweetmomentwasrecordedbythesecurity___26___insidethebus.“Mydaughterisveryhappy,”TracytoldInsideEditiononFriday.“That'sjusther___27___.Inthemorning,whensheseeshiming,shegetsvery___28___.Theyjust___29___afriendship.”InsideKate’scard,Reedwrote:"Ican___30___saythatoverthepastmonthsyouhavebeenmyfavoritebuspassenger.Yourhappysmileand___31___everydayGoodMorningshave___32___myeveryday.IwanttothankyouforbeingaGREATEXAMPLEforothersto___33___.”Tracywasso___34___withReed’skindnessthatshevisitedherFacebookaccountto___35___herdaughter'sspecialconnectiontothebusdriver.“EverymorningKateandItakethecitybustoschoolandwork,”shewrote.“Wetrytoalwaystakethe___36___busbecausewemadefriendswiththedriverReed.”“Sheis___37___excitedtoseehim,shealways___38___himagoodmorning,andtellshimthelatestnewsinher4yearoldlife.She___39___himaValentine,andhegaveheronetoo.Theyarebestfriends.”Tracy___40___seeingReedonhermorningmute(通勤).“Thoughmynewdriverisperfectlynice,he’snoJohnReed,"shesaid.21.A.movesaround B.pullsup C.tracksdown D.showsup22.A.service B.road C.offer D.route23.A.deliver B.send C.leave D.wave24.A.rides B.smiles C.memories D.words25.A.bag B.gift C.parcel D.card26.A.guard B.camera C.door D.system27.A.way B.habit C.spirit D.look28.A.moved B.amused C.excited D.relaxed29.A.increased B.recovered C.created D.developed30.A.eventually B.honestly C.directly D.proudly31A.warm B.formal C.modest D.natural32.A.honored B.hatched C.brightened D.inspired33.A.observe B.repeat C.follow D.appreciate34.A.satisfied B.filled C.presented D.impressed35.A.announce B.explain C.expose D.discuss36.A.safe B.right C.old D.same37.A.morethan B.anythingbut C.still D.even38.A.tells B.wishes C.awards D.shows39.A.promised B.printed C.wrote D.signed40.A.continues B.keeps C.considers D.misses【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.C34.D35.B36.D37.A38.B39.C40.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了Tracy四歲的女兒Kate和她們每日乘坐的巴士司機Reed成了好朋友。由于Reed的行車路線改變，Reed不得不與Kate道別，并送給她一些禮物。Tracy想念早上上班路上見到JohnReed的情景。【21題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當Reed的車停在她的站點時，這個孩子會揮手，跳上跳下。A.movesaround走來走去；B.pullsup停下；C.tracksdown追捕；D.showsup露面，根據(jù)toherstop.可知這里意思是當Reed的車停在她的站點時，這個孩子會揮手，跳上跳下。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：當Reed的行車路線不得不改變時，他向小女孩告別。A.service服務；B.road公路；C.offer提供；D.route路線，根據(jù)“Thoughmynewdriverisperfectlynice,he’snoJohnReed,"shesaid.可知Reed的行車路線改變。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：他知道他不得不向這個四歲的小女孩遞送一個合適的道別，因為這個天使給了他所有美好的回憶。A.deliver遞送；B.send發(fā)送；C.leave離開；D.wave揮手示意，故選A。【24題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：他知道他不得不向這個四歲的小女孩遞送一個合適的道別，因為這個天使給了他所有美好的回憶。A.rides乘坐；B.smiles微笑；C.memories記憶；D.words言語，故選C。【25題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：我給你一張卡片。A.bag書包；B.gift禮物；C.parcel包裹；D.card卡片，根據(jù)InsideKate’scard可知這里意思是我給你一張卡片。故選D。【26題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：車里的安全攝影儀記錄下了這一溫馨的時刻。A.guard守衛(wèi)；B.camera攝影儀；C.door門；D.system系統(tǒng)，根據(jù)Thesweetmomentwasrecorded可知自然是車里的安全攝影儀記錄下了這一切。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。句意：.那是她自己的方式。A.way方式；B.habit習慣；C.spirit精神；D.look樣子，根據(jù)Inthemorning,whensheseeshiming,shegetsvery___8___可知這里意思是那是她自己的方式。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：早上，當她看到他來的時候，她非常興奮。A.moved感動的；B.amused被逗樂的；C.excited興奮的；D.relaxed放松的，根據(jù)TheMilwaukeekidisknowntowaveandjumpupanddownasReed'sbusto__1___herstop.可知早上，當她看到他來的時候，她非常興奮。故選C。【29題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：他們剛剛發(fā)展了友誼。A.increased增長；B.recovered恢復；C.created創(chuàng)造；D.developed發(fā)展，故選D?！?0題詳解】考查副詞辨析。句意：我可以真誠地說，在過去的幾個月里，你一直是我最喜歡的公交車乘客。A.eventually最后；B.honestly真誠地；C.directly直接地；D.proudly傲慢地，故選B?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：你幸福的微笑和每日的溫暖的“早上好”照亮了我的每一天。A.warm溫暖的；B.formal正式的；C.modest謙虛的；D.natural自然的，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：你幸福的微笑和每日的溫暖的“早上好”照亮了我的每一天。A.honored尊敬；B.hatched孵化；C.brightened照亮；D.inspired鼓舞，故選C?！?3題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：我要感謝你為別人樹立了一個追隨的好榜樣。A.observe觀察；B.repeat重復；C.follow追隨；D.appreciate欣賞，故選C?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：Tracy非常受感動。A.satisfied感到滿意的；B.filled充滿的；C.presented提出；D.impressed受感動的，根據(jù)shevisitedherFacebookaccountto__15___herdaughter'sspecialconnectiontothebusdriver.媽媽Tracy非常感動，所以在Facebook上寫下了這一溫馨的故事。故選D。【35題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：她訪問了自己的Facebook賬戶，解釋了女兒與巴士司機的特殊關系。A.announce宣布；B.explain解釋；C.expose揭露；D.discuss討論，根據(jù)“EverymorningKateandItakethecitybustoschoolandwork,”shewrote.“Wetrytoalwaystakethe___16___busbecausewemadefriendswiththedriverReed.”這是她在facebook上描述的女兒與巴士司機的特殊友情。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。句意：我們盡量總是坐同一輛公共汽車。A.safe安全的；B.right正確的；C.old年老的；D.same相同的，根據(jù)becausewemadefriendswiththedriverReed.成為朋友后，我們盡量做Reed開的一輛公交汽車。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查固定短語辨析。句意：她見到他不只是非常興奮，她總是祝他早上好，并告訴他她四歲生活中最新消息。A.morethan不只是；B.anythingbut根本不；C.still仍然；D.even甚至，故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：她見到他不只是非常興奮，她總是祝他早上好，并告訴他她四歲生活中的最新消息。A.tells告訴；B.wishes祝福；C.awards獎賞；D.shows出示，故選B。【39題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：她給他寫了一張情人節(jié)卡片，他也給了她一張。A.promised承諾；B.printed印刷；C.wrote寫；D.signed署名，故選C。【40題詳解】考查動詞辨析。句意：Tracy想念早上上班路上見到JohnReed的情景。A.continues繼續(xù)；B.keeps保留；C.considers考慮；D.misses想念，根據(jù)“Thoughmynewdriverisperfectlynice,he’snoJohnReed,"shesaid.得知Tracy想念Reed當這趟路線司機的情景。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。In2017,elevenmilliondeathsworldwide____41____(link)topeopleeatingdietshighinsugar,saltandprocessedmeat.Thosefoodswerepartly____42____(blame)forheartdisease,canceranddiabetes,anewstudyfound,___43___followedeatingtrendsin195countriesfrom1990to2017.ThefindingswerereportedinthepublicationTheLancet.Researchersconsidered15dietaryelements(因素),suchasdietslowinfruits,vegetables,wholegrains____44____milk.Theyalsolookedatdietshighinredmeat,processedmeat,andsugarsweeteneddrinks.“Poordietis____45____(responsibility)formoredeathsthananyotherriskfactorintheworld,”saidChrisMurray,______46______(direct)oftheInstituteforHealthMetrics(指標)andEvaluationattheUniversityofWashington.Thestudyfoundpeopleateonly12percentoftheremendedamountofnutsandseeds―anaverageintakeof3gramsaday.Forgoodhealth,____47____(expert)sayyoushouldeat21gramsofnutsandseedseveryday.Thestudyalsofoundthatpeopledrankmorethan10timestheremendedamountofsugarydrinks.Anotherstudy______48______(publish)inJanuarysuggested____49____“perfectdiet”forthehealthofpeopleandtheplanetwouldincludeadoublingoftheconsumptionofnuts,fruits,andvegetables.Suchadietwouldalsoinclude____50____(drop)byhalftheamountofmeatandsugarconsumed.【答案】41.werelinked42.toblame43.which44.and45.responsible46.director47.experts48.published49.a50.dropping【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講了2017年，全球有1100萬人因食用高糖、高鹽和加工的肉類而死亡。不良飲食比世界上任何其他危險因素都要導致更多的死亡。今年1月發(fā)表的另一項研究表明，為了人類和地球的健康，一份“完美的飲食”應該使堅果、水果和蔬菜的消費量增加一倍。【41題詳解】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：2017年，全球有1100萬人因食用高糖、高鹽和加工的肉類而死亡。描述發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時?！八劳觥焙汀瓣P聯(lián)”之間是被動關系，用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/weredone，主語是復數(shù)milliondeaths，所以be動詞需用were。故填werelinked。【42題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些食物在一定程度上是心臟病、癌癥和糖尿病的罪魁禍首，這項研究跟蹤了1990年至2017年195個國家的飲食趨勢。betoblame對某事應負責任的，應受責備的，固定搭配，主動表示被動。故填toblame