2023學(xué)年第一學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平調(diào)研測(cè)試高二年級(jí)英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷共10頁(yè)，滿分120分。建議考試用時(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、試室號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上，并用2B鉛筆填涂答題卡上的相應(yīng)位置。因筆試不考聽力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。2.作答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目選項(xiàng)的答案信息點(diǎn)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3.非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)的相應(yīng)位置上;如需改動(dòng)，先劃掉原來(lái)的答案，然后再寫上新答案;不準(zhǔn)使用鉛筆、圓珠筆或涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔;考試結(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ARomanticSpasSpasarealwaysconsideredtobegoodforyourhealth.Whenyouplantofindonetorefreshyourself,nodoubt,thefollowingmustbethetoponyourlist.CorranResortandSpa,WalesAsyoufloatinthelarge,bluepool,headtippedbacktolookatthestar-likelightsabove,thatamazingmomentwillsinkinatthiscountrygetaway.It’samustforhistoryloverstoo,asthe16thcenturybuildingattheheartofthehotelhasbeenexpertlyrestoredandissurroundedbybeautifulscenery.ThefocusattheCorranSpaisonaromatherapy(芳香療法).PennyhillHotel,SurreyWithbothindoorandoutdoorpools,visitorshavealotofchoiceswhenitcomestotakingaswim,andtheicecaveandballroompoolwithunderwatermusickeepthingsexciting.Fromtheoutside,the19thcenturyhouselooksmorelikesomethingfromaclassicnovel.Withbeautifulsurroundinggardens,takingawalkcouldprovejustasrelaxingasthespaexperienceitself.ThenearbyMichelinstarrestaurant,Latymer,addsfinediningtoadayofromance,butbesuretobookinadvance;it’sapopularspot.SpaThemes,MachesterSpaThemesisgreatforthoseseekingaweekendfocusedonprivacy.Itisknownforitsdiversethemedspassoit’salsoidealifyou’relookingforachangefromthemoretraditionalspas.YoucouldsampletheWillyWonkaChocolate-themedspa.whichincludesachocolatechipbodytreatmentalongsideahostofsweettreats,orescapetheFebruarycoldwithParadiseBeachpackage,whichwillhaveyourelaxinginasteamroomfullofpinacoladasmell.1.WhatwouldsurpriseyouatCorranResportandSpa?A.Thebreathtakingscenery. B.The16thcenturybuilding.C.TheMichelinstarhotel. D.Thestar-likelightsabovethepool.2.WhatdoPennyhillHotelandSpaThemesshareincommon?A.Variousspas. B.Outdoorpools. C.Historicrooms. D.Finefoods.3.Inwhichpartofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Literature. B.Fitness. C.Leisure. D.Education.【答案】1.A2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹三處浪漫的礦泉療養(yǎng)地?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由CorranResortandSpa,Wales中“Asyoufloatinthelarge,bluepool,headtippedbacktolookatthestar-likelightsabove,thatamazingmomentwillsinkinatthiscountrygetaway.(當(dāng)你漂浮在藍(lán)色的大水池中，頭向后仰，看著上面星星般的燈光時(shí)，在這個(gè)鄉(xiāng)村度假勝地，這一令人驚嘆的時(shí)刻會(huì)慢慢消失。)”可知，在CorranResortandSpa，令人嘆為觀止的景色能讓游客吃驚。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由PennyhillHotel,Surrey中“Withbothindoorandoutdoorpools,visitorshavealotofchoiceswhenitcomestotakingaswim,andtheicecaveandballroompoolwithunderwatermusickeepthingsexciting.(有室內(nèi)和室外游泳池，游客在游泳方面有很多選擇，冰洞和配有水下音樂(lè)的舞廳游泳池讓人興奮不已。)”以及SpaThemes,Machester中“SpaThemesisgreatforthoseseekingaweekendfocusedonprivacy.Itisknownforitsdiversethemedspassoit’salsoidealifyou’relookingforachangefromthemoretraditionalspas.(水療主題非常適合那些尋求周末專注于隱私的人。它以其多樣化的主題水療中心而聞名，因此如果你想從更傳統(tǒng)的水療中心中有所改變，它也是理想的選擇。)”可知，這兩處都有不同的各種水療方式。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Spasarealwaysconsideredtobegoodforyourhealth.Whenyouplantofindonetorefreshyourself,nodoubt,thefollowingmustbethetoponyourlist.(spa總是被認(rèn)為對(duì)你的健康有益。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，當(dāng)你計(jì)劃找一個(gè)來(lái)提神的時(shí)候，以下一定是你清單上的首要內(nèi)容。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介紹三處浪漫的礦泉療養(yǎng)地。所以應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙“休閑”類版塊。故選C項(xiàng)。BLikemanygreatideas,Mikestartedsmall.In2014,afriendinspiredhimtoperformanactofkindnessasasocialmediachallenge.Mikedecidedtochoosethe79-year-oldseniornamedJennifer,whonotonlydroppedoffbakedgoodsfortheneighborsbutalsovolunteeredatthehomelessshelter.ToknowJenniferbetter,Mikeaskedtospendadaywithher.“Itwasthefirsttimethatsomeonehadmadeadayabouther,”saysthe30-year-old.TheirsharedexperiencegotMikethinking:howmanyotherseniorsmightbenefitfromthatkindofattention?Atthetime,Cara,astudentintheircommunity,wasequallyinterestedinthisquestion,andthepaircameupwithaplan:theywouldfindlocalseniorswithlong-timedreamsandworktofulfillthosewishes.Theyevensettledonanamefortheirnewcharity:WeAreYoung,orWAYforshort.Ithassincedeliveredon38dreams—rangingfromahelicoptertriptowatchingafootballgame.Seniorscannominate(提名)themselvesorbenominatedbysomeoneelse.Melanienominatedherpartner,78-year-oldVictor,togorockhounding-ahobbyhe’dgivenupwhenhebecamephysicallydifficult.TheteamatWAYborrowedaboatsotheycouldreachthebeachandenjoythedaythere.“Ifyoulosethesenseofpurposethathavingapassioncangiveyou,yourself-confidencegoesdown,”saysMike.“Now,Victorhasretrievedsomeofhisself-confidence.Wewanttoshowthatanythingispossiblewiththesupportofothers.”Whiletheirorganizationoperatesonlyintheirneighborhood,MikeandCarahavetheirowndreams.EachWAYwishisrecorded,andthat’spurposeful—thepairwantpeoplewatchingtobeencouragedtofulfillawishforaseniorintheirowncommunity.“Wewanttocreateanationwidemovementthatshiftshowweview,valueandsupportseniors,”saysMike.“Thatistheimpactwe’retryingtocreate.”4.WhydidMikechooseJennifertoperformactsofkindness?A.Shelivedaloneandcouldhardlycook. B.Shehaddifficultyinusingsocialmedia.C.Shewasalwaysfriendlytotheneighbors. D.Shewassenttothehomelessshelterrecently.5.WhichofthefollowingcitizenswouldprobablybenefitfromWAY?A.Acharitymemberplanningtocollectbirthdaywishes.B.Anelderlyhopingtorevisithisbirthplaceforalongtime.C.AseniorhighstudentlookingforwardtoatriptoEngland.D.Acaretakerinthenursinghomeexpectingabunchofflowers.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“retrieved”inparagraph6probablymean?A.regained B.reserved C.remembered D.resolved7.Whatisthepair’spurposeofrecordingtheWAYwishes?A.Tokeeptrackofthewholeprocess. B.Toinspiremoreviewerstotakeaction.C.Toinvitemoreelderlytoparticipatein. D.Togiveencouragementtothoseinneed.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了慈善組織WAY致力于幫助老年人實(shí)現(xiàn)心愿?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Mikedecidedtochoosethe79-year-oldseniornamedJennifer,whonotonlydroppedoffbakedgoodsfortheneighborsbutalsovolunteeredatthehomelessshelter.(邁克決定選擇79歲的老人詹妮弗，她不僅給鄰居們送烘焙食品，還在無(wú)家可歸者收容所做志愿者。)”可知，邁克選擇詹妮弗去做善事是因?yàn)樗龑?duì)鄰居總是很友好。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Atthetime,Cara,astudentintheircommunity,wasequallyinterestedinthisquestion,andthepaircameupwithaplan:theywouldfindlocalseniorswithlong-timedreamsandworktofulfillthosewishes.(當(dāng)時(shí)，他們社區(qū)的學(xué)生卡拉對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題同樣感興趣，于是兩人想出了一個(gè)計(jì)劃：他們會(huì)找到當(dāng)?shù)赜虚L(zhǎng)期夢(mèng)想的老年人，并努力實(shí)現(xiàn)這些愿望。)”可知，B選項(xiàng)“一位老人長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)一直希望重游他的出生地?！笨赡軙?huì)從WAY中受益。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Ifyoulosethesenseofpurposethathavingapassioncangiveyou,yourself-confidencegoesdown(如果你失去了激情帶給你的目標(biāo)感，你的自信就會(huì)下降)”以及后文“Wewanttoshowthatanythingispossiblewiththesupportofothers.(我們想表明，在他人的支持下，一切皆有可能。)”可知，維克多在他人的支持下，恢復(fù)了一些自信。故劃線詞意思是“恢復(fù)”。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“EachWAYwishisrecorded,andthat’spurposeful—thepairwantpeoplewatchingtobeencouragedtofulfillawishforaseniorintheirowncommunity.(每一個(gè)愿望都被記錄下來(lái)，這是有目的的——兩人希望觀看的人被鼓勵(lì)為他們自己社區(qū)的老年人實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)愿望。)”可推知，兩人記錄WAY愿望的目的是激勵(lì)更多的觀眾采取行動(dòng)。故選B。CGrowinguponafarminVirginiaduringracialsegregation(種族隔離),Westkneweducationwouldbehermeansofescape.Butshedidn’tknowherquietworkwouldchangelivesaroundtheworld.GladysWestknewfromayoungagethatshedidn’twanttobeafarmer.Butthemathematician,bornin1930inacounty,stillhadtohelpharvestcropsonherfamily’ssmallfarm.Thehardworkstartedbeforedaybreakandlastedwellintotheblisteringheatoftheafternoon.Shehatedthedirtbut,whilesheworked,shekepthermindonthebuildingbehindthetreesattheendofthefarm.Itwasherschool,andeventhensheknewitwouldbehertickettofreedom.“IwasgonnagetaneducationandIwasgoingtogetoutofthere.Iwasn’tgoingtobestuckthereallmylife,”West,89,saysfirmly.GladysWestbeganhercareerasamathematicianin1956inalabwheretherewereonlythreeotherblackemployeeswhenshejoined.Shewaswidelyadmiredforherabilitytosolvecomplexmathematicalproblemsbyhand.Sheeventuallywentontoprogramcomputerstosolvetheequations(等式)forher.HerfirstmajorprojectwastodeterminethemovementsofNeptuneandPlutoinrelationtoeachother.In1978,GladysbecametheProjectManagerofSeaSat,ansurveillance(監(jiān)控)satellitedesignedtoprovidedataonoceanographicfeaturesandconditions.Theprojectwasamongthefirsttoshowthatsatellitescanbeusedtoobserveoceanographicdata.Byprogrammingacomputertoaccountfortides,gravity,andotherfactors,Gladysandherteamcreatedaprogramtopreciselycalculatetheorbitofsatellites.Herworkonthisprojectmadeitpossibletodevelopageoid,whichisamodeloftheshapeoftheEarth.ThemodelanditslaterupdatesledtoherdevelopingtheGPSsystem,whichcanmakeaccuratecalculationsinanylocationonEarth.Finallyin2018,throughhertirelessefforts,GladysWestreceivedformalrecognitionforherworkontheGPS.HernamealsogotfeaturedontheBBC’s100Womenof2018,whichhonoredinspiringwomenfromaroundtheglobe.8.Whatcanwelearninparagraph2?A.Gladysbecameamathematicianwhenworkingasafarmer.B.Gladyshadtoraiseherfamilybyworkinghardonthefarm.C.Gladyswaseagertogetoutofthepoorsituationforfreedom.D.Gladyscouldnotpayforschooleducationwhenshewasyoung.9.WhatdirectlycontributedtothedevelopmentoftheGPSsystem?A.Theorbitofthesatellites. B.Themovementsoftheplanets.C.Anequation. D.ThemodelofEarthshape.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribeGladysWest?A.Helpfulandeasygoing. B.Determinedandcompetent.C.Devotedandconsiderate. D.Optimisticandthankful.11.Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.HowtoEscapefromPovertyB.HowtoBecomeaMathematicianC.GladysWest:theHiddenFigureWhoHelpedInventedGPSD.GladysWest:AGirlWhoStruggledtoRealizeHerDreams【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹黑人女?dāng)?shù)學(xué)家GladysWest以及她對(duì)GPS系統(tǒng)的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Itwasherschool,andeventhensheknewitwouldbehertickettofreedom.‘IwasgonnagetaneducationandIwasgoingtogetoutofthere.Iwasn’tgoingtobestuckthereallmylife,’West,89,saysfirmly.(這是她的學(xué)校，即使在那時(shí)，她也知道這將是她獲得自由的門票?！乙邮芙逃?，我要離開那里。我不會(huì)一輩子都被困在那里，’89歲的West堅(jiān)定地說(shuō)。)”可知，Gladys渴望擺脫困境，獲得自由。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Herworkonthisprojectmadeitpossibletodevelopageoid,whichisamodeloftheshapeoftheEarth.ThemodelanditslaterupdatesledtoherdevelopingtheGPSsystem,whichcanmakeaccuratecalculationsinanylocationonEarth.(她在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上的工作使開發(fā)大地水準(zhǔn)面成為可能，這是地球形狀的模型。該模型及其后來(lái)的更新使她開發(fā)了GPS系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)可以在地球上的任何位置進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的計(jì)算。)”可知，地球形狀模型直接促進(jìn)了全球定位系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Itwasherschool,andeventhensheknewitwouldbehertickettofreedom.‘IwasgonnagetaneducationandIwasgoingtogetoutofthere.Iwasn’tgoingtobestuckthereallmylife,’West,89,saysfirmly.(這是她的學(xué)校，即使在那時(shí)，她也知道這將是她獲得自由的門票?！乙邮芙逃?，我要離開那里。我不會(huì)一輩子都被困在那里，’89歲的West堅(jiān)定地說(shuō)。)”以及文章最后一段“Finallyin2018,throughhertirelessefforts,GladysWestreceivedformalrecognitionforherworkontheGPS.HernamealsogotfeaturedontheBBC’s100Womenof2018,whichhonoredinspiringwomenfromaroundtheglobe.(終于在2018年，通過(guò)不懈的努力，GladysWest在全球定位系統(tǒng)方面的工作獲得了正式認(rèn)可。她的名字也出現(xiàn)在英國(guó)廣播公司的‘2018年100位女性’節(jié)目中，該節(jié)目向來(lái)自全球的鼓舞人心的女性致敬。)”可知，GladysWest是一位意志堅(jiān)定且能力強(qiáng)的人。故選B項(xiàng)。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章最后一段“Finallyin2018,throughhertirelessefforts,GladysWestreceivedformalrecognitionforherworkontheGPS.HernamealsogotfeaturedontheBBC’s100Womenof2018,whichhonoredinspiringwomenfromaroundtheglobe.(終于在2018年，通過(guò)不懈的努力，GladysWest在全球定位系統(tǒng)方面的工作獲得了正式認(rèn)可。她的名字也出現(xiàn)在英國(guó)廣播公司的‘2018年100位女性’節(jié)目中，該節(jié)目向來(lái)自全球的鼓舞人心的女性致敬。)”以及上文可知，文章主要介紹黑人女?dāng)?shù)學(xué)家GladysWest以及她對(duì)GPS系統(tǒng)的貢獻(xiàn)，所以C項(xiàng)GladysWest:theHiddenFigureWhoHelpedInventedGPS(GladysWest：幫助發(fā)明GPS的隱藏人物)符合文意。故選C項(xiàng)。DDoyouspeakaChinesedialectinyourdailylife?WhileMandariniswidelyspokenbypeopleacrossChina,somelocaldialectsareindangerofdyingout.Tosavethem,theMinistryofEducationandtheStateLanguageCommissionlaunchedtheChineseLanguageResourcesProtectionProjectCLRPPyearsago.Thisproject,whichsurveyedthelanguageresourcesof1,712locationsincluding103withendangeredChinesedialects,hashelpedChinasuccessfullybuildthelargestlanguageresourcelibraryintheworld.Theonlinelibrarynotonlymeetstheneedsofprofessionalresearchersbutalsoenablesthepublictoaccessover5.6millionaudiofilesandover5millionvideofilesfortheirdialectlearning.Whenitcomestothereason,Dr.Zhang,chiefexpertonCLRPP,onceexpressedhisconcernsinanarticle.“Foraboutoveradecade,inWudialectareas,childrenaged6to15canunderstandbuthardlyspeakthedialect.Youngpeopleabove15yearsoldsometimesspeakit,butnotfluently,Zhangsaid.“Ifthiscontinues,dialectswilldisappearinafewdecades.Whenlocaldialectsdisappear,wherewillournostalgic(懷舊的)feelingsfindtheirhome?”AsChinaisavastcountrywithawidevarietyofdialects,nationaleffortshavebeenmadetoestablishalanguageresourcelibrary.“Mostinternationallanguageprotectionprojectsareimplementedbyseparateefforts.ButinChina,it’sanationalproject,”saidZhang.Withinfiveyears,morethan350universitiesandresearchinstitutionstookpartintheproject,withover4,500professionaltechniciansandmorethan6,000languagedialectspeakersinvolved.Languageprotectionnotonlyreliesonthegovernmentandexpertsbutalsoontheinvolvementofbillionsoflanguageusers.Theprojectsupportsschoolstosetupsomeextracurricularclassessostudentscanlearndialectsandlocaloperaperformances.Currently,thesecondstageoftheprojectisunderway.Itsmaintasksincludethedeeperdevelopmentofdigitalapplications,suchasdigitalandmobiledictionariesfordialectsaswellasmultilingualtextbooks.12.WhatdoweknowaboutCLRPP?AIthasprovidedalargenumberofaudioandvideofilesforresearchers.B.Ithassavedatleast103endangeredChinesedialectsfrom1,712locations.C.Ithasplayedavitalroleinsettingupanonlinelibraryfordialectlearning.D.Ithasmadeacollectionofalltheendangereddialectsindifferentlocations.13.WhatcanweinferfromDr.Zhang’swords?A.YoungchildreninWuareacannomorespeakthedialect.B.Nativeshaveurgentdesiretosavethedialectsinthefuture.C.Thefluencyoflocaldialectsraisedmuchconcernnationwide.D.Peoplemayloseasenseofbelongingaslocaldialectsdieout.14.WhatdiffersChinawithothercountriesinlanguageprotection?A.OnlyChinahaslibrariesforprotectionoflanguageresource.B.Chinesegovernmenthasinvestedmoreonlanguageprotection.C.Chinaishometomoretypesofdialectsthanothercountriesdo.D.PeopleinChinamadejointeffortstoprotecttheirlocaldialects.15.Whichishelpfultolanguageprotection?A.Promotionoflocaloperaperformances.BMobiledictionariesforChineselearning.C.Furtherexplorationofexistingtextbooks.D.Extracurricularclassesofdigitaldevelopment.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了中國(guó)語(yǔ)言資源保護(hù)工程CLRPP在保護(hù)中國(guó)方言方面做出的重要努力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thisproject,whichsurveyedthelanguageresourcesof1,712locationsincluding103withendangeredChinesedialects,hashelpedChinasuccessfullybuildthelargestlanguageresourcelibraryintheworld.Theonlinelibrarynotonlymeetstheneedsofprofessionalresearchersbutalsoenablesthepublictoaccessover5.6millionaudiofilesandover5millionvideofilesfortheirdialectlearning.(該工程調(diào)查了1712個(gè)地區(qū)的語(yǔ)言資源，其中包括103個(gè)瀕危漢語(yǔ)方言，幫助中國(guó)成功建立了世界上最大的語(yǔ)言資源圖書館。該在線圖書館不僅滿足了專業(yè)研究人員的需求，還使公眾能夠訪問(wèn)560多萬(wàn)個(gè)音頻文件和500多萬(wàn)個(gè)視頻文件，用于方言學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，該工程幫助建立了世界上最大的語(yǔ)言資源圖書館，不僅可以滿足專業(yè)研究人員的需求，還使公眾能夠利用音頻和視頻文件學(xué)習(xí)方言。由此可推測(cè)出，它在建立用于方言學(xué)習(xí)的在線圖書館方面發(fā)揮了重要作用。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Dr.Zhang的話“Whenlocaldialectsdisappear,wherewillournostalgic(懷舊的)feelingsfindtheirhome?(當(dāng)?shù)胤椒窖韵r(shí)，我們的懷舊之情將在哪里找到歸宿？)”可知，張博士認(rèn)為方言的消失會(huì)讓人們的懷舊之情難以找到歸宿，由此可推測(cè)出，當(dāng)方言消失時(shí)，人們可能失去歸屬感。故選D?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“AsChinaisavastcountrywithawidevarietyofdialects,nationaleffortshavebeenmadetoestablishalanguageresourcelibrary.‘Mostinternationallanguageprotectionprojectsareimplementedbyseparateefforts.ButinChina,it’sanationalproject,’saidZhang.(由于中國(guó)幅員遼闊，方言種類繁多，全國(guó)都在努力建立語(yǔ)言資源庫(kù)。張說(shuō)：‘大多數(shù)國(guó)際語(yǔ)言保護(hù)項(xiàng)目都是單獨(dú)實(shí)施的。但在中國(guó)，這是一個(gè)國(guó)家項(xiàng)目?！?”可知，其他國(guó)家的語(yǔ)言保護(hù)項(xiàng)目都是單獨(dú)實(shí)施的，但中國(guó)，保護(hù)語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)國(guó)家項(xiàng)目，全國(guó)都貢獻(xiàn)了努力。由此可推測(cè)出，中國(guó)和其他國(guó)家在語(yǔ)言保護(hù)方面的不同之處在于中國(guó)人民共同努力保護(hù)方言。故選D。【15題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theprojectsupportsschoolstosetupsomeextracurricularclassessostudentscanlearndialectsandlocaloperaperformances.(該項(xiàng)目支持學(xué)校開設(shè)一些課外班，讓學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)方言和當(dāng)?shù)貞蚯硌荨?”可知，開設(shè)課外班促進(jìn)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)?shù)貞蚯硌萦兄谡Z(yǔ)言保護(hù)。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Criticalthinkingcanbedescribedasdisciplinedthinkingthatisclear,rational,open-minded,andinformedbyevidence.Whilethatseemstodescribetheabilityofmanyprofessionals,someleadersinorganizationstodayhaveastrongfeelingthatthisabilityisfading.___16___Beacontinuouslearner.Learnershaveanaturalsenseofcuriosityabouttheworldandtheirprofession.Theyreadandtalktopeople.___17___Thiscancomefromreading,talkingtosubjectmatterexperts,listeningtolecturesonline,orattendingconferences.Themoretheyknow,themoreevidencetheyhavetoconsiderwhenmakingadecision.Maketherightdecisionforthemajority.Criticalthinkersputtheiregosasideandthinkaboutwhatisbestfortheoverallorganization.___18___However,theirgoalisseekingtounderstandandthenmakingaclearandrationaldecisionthatisbestforthemajority.Listenandconsiderunconventionalopinions.___19___Theydon’tlikethephrase“thatisthewaywehavealwaysdoneit.”Theyalsoseethatcollaborationwiththeirteam,theirprofession,andsometimestheircompetitorswillbringaboutthebestsolutions,andtheyareOKwiththat.___20___Criticalthinkersdevelopaskillforexplainingtootherswhytheycametoaspecificconclusion.Otherscanfollowtheirreasoningandcanunderstandtheirthinking.Theyarewillingtochangetheirviewswhentheyareprovidedwithmoreinformationthatallowsgreaterunderstanding.A.Analyzeoneself.B.Avoidmisunderstanding.C.Maybethatisnotthebestsolutionfortheindividual.D.Basically,theyeducatethemselveswithoutbeingtoldto.E.Criticalthinkershaveatendencytoseekoutnewsolutionstooldproblems.F.Criticalthinkerswillavoidthetrapoftoomuchinformationfordecision-making.G.Herearestrategiesthatwillhelpyouandyourteamgrowcriticalthinkingskills.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要講述了培養(yǎng)批判性思考技能的方法?！?6題詳解】前文“Whilethatseemstodescribetheabilityofmanyprofessionals,someleadersinorganizationstodayhaveastrongfeelingthatthisabilityisfading.(雖然這似乎描述了許多專業(yè)人士的能力，但今天組織中的一些領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人強(qiáng)烈感覺(jué)到這種能力正在消退。)”講述了批判性思考的能力正在衰退，再結(jié)合下文分段講述的建議可知，空處應(yīng)用承上啟下，指出接下來(lái)有幫助培養(yǎng)批判性思考技能的策略，G項(xiàng)“以下策略將幫助你和你的團(tuán)隊(duì)培養(yǎng)批判性思維技能?！狈项}意。故選G?！?7題詳解】本段首句“Beacontinuouslearner.(做一個(gè)不斷學(xué)習(xí)的人。)”是主旨句，本段主要講述的是要不斷學(xué)習(xí)。空處應(yīng)和學(xué)習(xí)有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)“基本上，他們不用吩咐就會(huì)自我教育?！狈项}意，下文中的This指代空處的內(nèi)容。故選D?！?8題詳解】前文“Criticalthinkersputtheiregosasideandthinkaboutwhatisbestfortheoverallorganization.(批判性思考者把自我放在一邊，思考什么對(duì)整個(gè)組織最有利。)”講述了進(jìn)行批判性思考的人會(huì)把注意集中在整個(gè)組織上，而不是個(gè)人上，后文“However,theirgoalisseekingtounderstandandthenmakingaclearandrationaldecisionthatisbestforthemajority.(然而，他們的目標(biāo)是尋求理解，然后做出對(duì)大多數(shù)人最有利的清晰合理的決定。)”中的However表明空處與后文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，后文講述了他們的目標(biāo)是做出對(duì)大多數(shù)人最有利的決定，由此可知，空處應(yīng)講述對(duì)整個(gè)組織最有利的事情對(duì)個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)不是最好的，C項(xiàng)“也許這對(duì)個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)不是最好的解決方案?！狈项}意。故選C。【19題詳解】空前的“Listenandconsiderunconventionalopinions.(傾聽并考慮非傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)。)”是本段主旨句，建議要傾聽并考慮非傳統(tǒng)觀點(diǎn)，所以空處應(yīng)講述的是進(jìn)行批判性思考的人會(huì)尋找新的方法，E項(xiàng)“批判性思考者傾向于為舊問(wèn)題尋找新的解決方案。”符合題意。故選E?！?0題詳解】空處是本段主旨句，且應(yīng)用祈使句。根據(jù)后文中的“Criticalthinkersdevelopaskillforexplainingtootherswhytheycametoaspecificconclusion.Otherscanfollowtheirreasoningandcanunderstandtheirthinking.(批判性思考者培養(yǎng)了向他人解釋他們?yōu)槭裁磿?huì)得出特定結(jié)論的技能。其他人可以遵循他們的推理，理解他們的想法。)”可知，本段主要講述了批判性思考者會(huì)向他人解析自己推理的過(guò)程，讓別人理解自己，所以A項(xiàng)“分析自己?！狈项}意。故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Thesnowstormsweptacrossmycity,withbitingwindpiercing(劃破)thesilenceoftheemptystreet.Iwasanurseintheemergencyroom.Itwasa(n)___21___quietdayonNewYear’sEve.Quiet,thatis,___22___thenurseswhowerestandingaroundthenurses’station___23___abouthavingtoworkatsuchaspecialtime.Iwashavingacupofhotteainthenurse’sstationwhenanadmittingclerkcameandtoldmeIhadfivepatientswaitingtobeevaluated.SoIwentstraightoutandcalledthefirstname.Fivebodies___24___atmytriagedesk(分診臺(tái)),apalelittlewomanandfoursmallchildreninsomewhat___25___clothing.“Areyouallsick?”Iasked___26___.“Yes,”shesaidweakly.“Okay,”Ireplied,unconvinced,“Who’sfirst?”O(jiān)nebyonetheysatdown,andIaskedtheusualquestions.Whenitcametodescriptionsoftheirpresentingproblems,thingsgotalittle___27___.Somethingwaswrongwiththepicture.WhenIexplainedthatitmightbealittlewhilebeforethedoctorcouldseethem,themotherresponded,“___28___.It’swarminhere.”Sheturnedand,withasmile,guidedherchildrenintothewaitingroom.Icheckedtheregistration.Noaddress.Iwentbacktothenurse’sstationandmentionedwehada___29___familyinthewaitingroom.Theteamwentintoaction.Weprepareda___30___forourspecialguests.Weputtogethercandies,fruitsandotherthingsavailablefromdifferentdepartments.___31___inandout,ourteammadegreateffortstomakeapartyto___32___thefamilywhojustwantedtobewarmonNewYear’sEve.Whenthepartyended,asthefamilywalkedtothedoortoleave,themothercamerunningback,gavemea___33___andwhispered,“Thanksforyour___34___today.”Assheranback,theyallwavedonemoretimebeforethedoorclosed.Insidethenursestation,therestoodagroupofnurseswithtearsintheireyes.Muchaswedidwhenthere’samedical___35___,thiswasaspecialoneonNewYear’sEve.21.A.commonly B.unusually C.annoyingly D.peacefully22.A.exceptfor B.togetherwith C.dueto D.ratherthan23.A.arranging B.arguing C.complaining D.inquiring24.A.turnedaround B.turnedup C.turnedout D.turnedover25.A.clean B.wornout C.colorful D.funny26.A.sympathetically B.anxiously C.doubtfully D.softly27.A.obvious B.unclear C.depressing D.severe28.A.Thankyou B.Hurryup C.Takeyourtime D.Holdon29.A.homeless B.hopeless C.aimless D.careless30.A.room B.meeting C.blanket D.feast31.A.Passing B.Rushing C.Calling D.Breaking32.A.comfort B.welcome C.reward D.know33.A.hand B.gift C.hug D.note34.A.reaction B.donation C.treatment D.kindness35.A.operation B.emergency C.supply D.team【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B25.B26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.B33.C34.D35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹作者在醫(yī)院陪伴無(wú)家可歸的一家五口過(guò)除夕的故事?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：除夕那天異常安靜。A.commonly通常地；B.unusually異常地；C.annoyingly令人惱火地；D.peacefully和平地。由上文“theemptystreet”以及下文“NewYear’sEve”可知，今天過(guò)節(jié)，醫(yī)院里并不忙，所以是“異常地”安靜。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查介詞詞組辨析。句意：安靜，的確是，除了那些站在護(hù)士站周圍抱怨在這樣一個(gè)特殊的時(shí)間不得不工作的護(hù)士。A.exceptfor除了；B.togetherwith與...一起；C.dueto由于；D.ratherthan而不是。由下文“thenurseswhowerestandingaroundthenurses’station”可知，這里指“除了”護(hù)士值班，就沒(méi)有什么病人，所以很安靜。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：安靜，的確是，除了那些站在護(hù)士站周圍抱怨在這樣一個(gè)特殊的時(shí)間不得不工作的護(hù)士。A.arranging安排；B.arguing爭(zhēng)論；C.complaining 抱怨；D.inquiring詢問(wèn)。由下文“havingtoworkatsuchaspecialtime”可知，這里指護(hù)士“抱怨”除夕還要上班。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：五個(gè)人出現(xiàn)在我的分診臺(tái)上，一個(gè)臉色蒼白的小女人和四個(gè)穿著破舊衣服的小孩。A.turnedaround轉(zhuǎn)身；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.turnedout結(jié)果是；D.turnedover翻轉(zhuǎn)。由下文“apalelittlewomanandfoursmallchildren”可知，這里指五個(gè)人“出現(xiàn)”在分診臺(tái)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：五個(gè)人出現(xiàn)在我的分診臺(tái)上，一個(gè)臉色蒼白的小女人和四個(gè)穿著破舊衣服的小孩。A.clean干凈的；B.wornout穿舊的；C.colorful彩色的；D.funny有趣的。由上文“apalelittlewoman”以及下文“Noaddress”可知，他們無(wú)家可歸，所以孩子應(yīng)該是穿著“舊的”衣服。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“你們都病了嗎？”我懷疑地問(wèn)道。A.sympathetically同情地；B.anxiously焦急地；C.doubtfully懷疑地；D.softly柔軟地。由上文“calledthefirstname”以及“apalelittlewomanandfoursmallchildren”可知，作者這里對(duì)一家五人都生病而感覺(jué)“懷疑”不信。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)談到對(duì)他們表現(xiàn)問(wèn)題的描述時(shí)，事情變得有點(diǎn)不清楚。A.obvious明顯的；B.unclear不清楚的；C.depressing令人沮喪的；D.severe嚴(yán)峻的。由下文“Somethingwaswrongwiththepicture”可知，作者認(rèn)為當(dāng)時(shí)的狀況有問(wèn)題，所以應(yīng)該是對(duì)他們對(duì)自己病情的描述“不清楚”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：慢慢來(lái)。這里很暖和。A.Thankyou謝謝；B.Hurryup快；C.Takeyourtime慢慢來(lái)；D.Holdon等待，堅(jiān)持。由上文“itmightbealittlewhilebeforethedoctorcouldseethem”可知，這里指孩子母親應(yīng)說(shuō)道“不急，慢慢來(lái)”。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我回到護(hù)士站，提到候診室里有一個(gè)無(wú)家可歸的家庭。A.homeless無(wú)家可歸的；B.hopeless無(wú)望的；C.aimless漫無(wú)目的的；D.careless不小心的。由上文“Noaddress”可知，作者意識(shí)到他們是“無(wú)家可歸的”。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們?yōu)槲覀兊奶厥饪腿藴?zhǔn)備了一場(chǎng)盛宴。A.room房間；B.meeting會(huì)議；C.blanket毯子；D.feast盛宴。由下文“Weputtogethercandies,fruitsandotherthings”以及party可知，這里指護(hù)士們?yōu)檫@一家人準(zhǔn)備了“盛宴”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)匆匆忙忙地進(jìn)進(jìn)出出，努力組織一個(gè)聚會(huì)來(lái)歡迎這個(gè)只想在除夕夜感到溫暖的家庭。A.Passing通過(guò)；B.Rushing匆匆忙忙；C.Calling呼叫；D.Breaking打破。由下文“ourteammadegreateffortstomakeaparty”以及語(yǔ)境可知，這里指護(hù)士們“匆忙”準(zhǔn)備著。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)匆匆忙忙地進(jìn)進(jìn)出出，努力組織一個(gè)聚會(huì)來(lái)歡迎這個(gè)只想在除夕夜感到溫暖的家庭。A.comfort安慰；B.welcome歡迎；C.reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)；D.know知道。由下文“thefamilywhojustwantedtobewarmonNewYear’sEve”以及party可知，這里指護(hù)士們準(zhǔn)備聚會(huì)來(lái)“歡迎”這家人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聚會(huì)結(jié)束后，當(dāng)一家人走到門口準(zhǔn)備離開時(shí)，母親跑了回來(lái)，擁抱了我，小聲說(shuō)：“謝謝你今天的好意?！盇.hand手；B.gift禮物；C.hug擁抱；D.note筆記。由下文“Thanksforyour14”可知，這里指孩子母親感激作者，給作者一個(gè)“擁抱”。故選C項(xiàng)【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：聚會(huì)結(jié)束后，當(dāng)一家人走到門口準(zhǔn)備離開時(shí)，母親跑了回來(lái)，擁抱了我，小聲說(shuō)：“謝謝你今天的好意?！盇.reaction反應(yīng)；B.donation捐贈(zèng)；C.treatment治療；D.kindness好意，善良。由上文“Weputtogethercandies,fruitsandotherthings”以及party可知，這里指孩子母親感謝作者的“好意”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像我們?cè)卺t(yī)療緊急情況下所做的那樣，這是除夕夜的一次特殊事件。A.operation操作；B.emergency緊急情況；C.supply供應(yīng)；D.team團(tuán)隊(duì)。由上文“Iwasanurseintheemergencyroom”以及語(yǔ)境可知，作者這里指今天護(hù)士們處理的“緊急情況”是非常特殊的一次。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheCulturalLandscapeofOldTeaForestsoftheJingmaiMountaininPu’ergainedWorldHeritageSitestatusonthe45thSessionoftheWorldHeritageCommitteeofUNESCOonSunday,becomingChina’s57thentryonthatlist.___36___isalsothefirstWorldHeritageSitewith___37___themeoftea.Thelandscape___38___(create)byancestorsofBlangpeoplewhoimmigratedt