20222023學(xué)年度(下)階段性考試(三)高2021級(jí)英語(yǔ)(考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthethirdfloor.2.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutgivingaspeech?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Excited.3.WhatdothespeakersplantodofirstonFriday?A.GettheiPadrepaired.B.Gotothelaundry.C.PickupMum.4.Whyisthewomanupset?A.Shelostherwallet.B.Shemissedhertrain.C.Shespenttoomuchtimeontheticket.5.Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?A.Lookingforkids.B.Watchingamovie.C.Waitingforaperson.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng),并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘。聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whyisthewomanattheconference?A.ToprovideInternetservice.B.Todosomeresearch.C.Torepresentherpany.7.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.MeetRobert.B.Readanarticle.C.Introduceafriend.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatsportdoesthemandomostoften?A.Volleyball.B.Swimming.C.Running.9.Whatjobdoesthemanmostprobablyapplyfor?A.Afitnesstrainer.B.Abasketballcoach.C.Alifeguard.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whichroomwillthemanuse?A.TheVillageHall.B.TheMainHall.C.TheCharltonRoom.11.Howwillthedepositbepaid?A.Bycheque.B.Incash.C.Bycreditcard.12.Whatisnotincludedinthecharge?A.Usingtheparkingspace.B.Usingtheputer.C.Usingthekitchen.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.WhereisthetownofSwanton?A.Ontheseaside.B.Intheforest.C.Onahill.14.Whatdoesthemanlikebestaboutlivinginthetown?A.Thewildlife.B.Themountains.C.Theharbor.15.Whatdoesthemansayaboutentertainment?A.Amusicfestivaltakesplaceinthetown.B.Afootballclubhasdonewellthisyear.C.Anartscenterhasrecentlyopened.16.Whichplacewasopenedlastmonth?A.Theshoppingcenter.B.Theairport.C.Theuniversity.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydoesthespeakerstronglyremendtheskiprogram?A.Becauseofqualifiedinstructors.B.Becauseofvariouslessons.C.Becauseofspecialprices.18.WhatwillSimontalkabout?A.Skiingsafety.B.Skiingskills.C.Skiinghistory.19.Whodirectedthedocumentary?A.JamieKurt.B.AndyFisher.C.HarryTyson.20.WhatcanweknowaboutJohnsons’talk?A.Itisaimedatadvancedskiers.B.Itexploresnewdestinations.C.ItistitledSolution.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AAgeisjustanumber.Is80thenew40?ManfredSteinerHedidn’treallyneedanotherPh.D.degreeashealreadyhadtwo.Hewastrainedasadoctor,andhadbeenaprofessorofmedicine.Butafterheretired,herealizedhefinallyhadtimetodosomethinghe’dalwayswantedtodostudyphysics.InSeptember,2021,at89,heearnedhisphysicsPh.D.Heencouragesyoungpeoplewhohaveadreamto“followthatdream”enthusiastically.M.J.EberhartInearlyNovember,2021,at83,hebecametheoldestpersontohikethefullAppalachianTrail(AT).The3,530kilometerhikingtrailisn’teasy,evenforyoungerpeople.Forthelastfewmilesofthishike,hewasjoinedbyDaleSanders,whosetthesamerecordwhenhehikedtheATat82.JuliaHawkinsIn2021,at105,sheranthe100meterdashinjustover62seconds.Beforethatyear,therewasn’tevenacategoryforfemalerunnersovertheageof104.Butrunningisn’thermainsport—she’sbeenbikingformostofherlife.Butshetookuprunningafewyearsagoandsetherfirstworldrecordin2017.Encouragingotherstobeactiveisabigpartofwhatkeepsherrunning.HarrietteThompsonSheranherfirstmarathonat76.She’spletedher15marathon.At91,she’stheoldestwomanevertopeteintheSujaRock‘n’RollSanDiegoMarathonandthesecondoldestmarathonrunnerinU.S.history.Shefinishedtheracein7hours,7minutes,and42seconds,breakingtheU.S.recordforthefastesttimeinheragegroup.1.WhatwasspecialaboutSteinerbeforehisretirement?A.Hewasoccupiedwithwork. B.Hedidn’tlikemedicineatall.C.Hetaughthimselfphysics. D.Hereceived3doctor’sdegrees.2.Whosettheworldrecordtwice?A.HarrietteThompson. B.ManfredSteiner.C.M.J.Eberhart. D.JuliaHawkins.3.Whatdothelistedpeoplehaveinmon?A.Theyareallsportslovers. B.Theyhavebeenstayingactive.C.Theymisseddreamswhenyoung. D.Theyhopetoinspiretheyoung.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四位仍然保持活躍的老人。在高齡階段，他們創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)個(gè)奇跡。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ManfredSteiner部分中“Hedidn’treallyneedanotherPh.D.degreeashealreadyhadtwo.Hewastrainedasadoctor,andhadbeenaprofessorofmedicine.Butafterheretired,herealizedhefinallyhadtimetodosomethinghe’dalwayswantedtodostudyphysics.(他其實(shí)并不需要另一個(gè)博士學(xué)位，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)有兩個(gè)了。他受過(guò)醫(yī)生的訓(xùn)練，曾是一名醫(yī)學(xué)教授。但退休后，他意識(shí)到自己終于有時(shí)間做自己一直想做的事情——研究物理)”可知，Steiner在退休前非常忙碌。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)JuliaHawkins部分中“Beforethatyear,therewasn’tevenacategoryforfemalerunnersovertheageof104.(在那一年之前，甚至沒有一個(gè)針對(duì)104歲以上女性跑步者的類別)”以及“Butshetookuprunningafewyearsagoandsetherfirstworldrecordin2017.(但她幾年前開始跑步，并在2017年創(chuàng)下了她的第一項(xiàng)世界紀(jì)錄)”可知，JuliaHawkins兩次創(chuàng)造了世界紀(jì)錄。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Ageisjustanumber.Is80thenew40?(年齡只是一個(gè)數(shù)字。80歲難道不是新的40歲嗎？)”結(jié)合四位老人的故事，可以看出他們始終不服老，充滿了活力。在高齡階段，他們創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)個(gè)奇跡?？芍@些人的共同之處是他們一直保持活躍。故選B。BHowardSchultzwasn’tthefirstpersontobecarriedawaybythepleasantsmellofawellroastedcoffeebean.ButtheStarbucksCoffeeCo.leaderwasundoubtedlythefirsttoturnthatdreamintoabilliondollarretailbusiness.Schultz’sadventurestartedin1981whenhetraveledfromNewYorktoSeattletocheckoutapopularcoffeebeanstorecalled“Starbucks”.IthadbeenbuyingmanyoftheHammarplastSwedishdripcoffeemakers(滴濾式煮咖啡壺)hewasselling.Therewasthatgreatsmell,sure,butwhatcausedhimtofallinlovewiththebusinesswasthecaretheStarbucksownersputintochoosingandroastingthebeans.Hewasalsoimpressedwiththeowners’devotiontoeducatingthepublicaboutthewondersofthecoffee.IttookSchultzayeartoconvincetheStarbucksownerstohirehim.Whentheyfinallymadehimdirectorofmarketingandoperationsin1982,hehadanotheridea.ThisoneoccurredinItaly,whenSchultznoticedthecoffeebarsthatexistedonalmosteveryblock.Helearnedthattheynotonlyservedexcellentespressos(蒸餾咖啡),theyalsoservedasmeetingplacesorpublicsquares,andtherewere200,000oftheminthecountry.ButwhenhecamebacktoSeattle,theStarbucksownersresistedSchultz’splanstoservecoffeeinthestores,sayingtherestaurantbusinesswaspetitive,anditwascostlytohirewaiters.Afterall,economicbenefitsweretheirprimarymotivator.Frustrated,Schultzquitandstartedhisowncoffeebarbusinessin1985,named“IIGiornale”.Itwassuccessful,andtwoyearslater,theoriginalStarbucksmanagementsolditsStarbucksretailunittoSchultzfor$3.8million.Asthepanybegantoexpandrapidlyinthe1990s,Schultzalwayssaidthatthemaingoalwas“toserveagreatcupofcoffee”.Askedaboutthesecretofhissuccess,Schultztoldustheprinciples:“Don’tbethreatenedbypeoplesmarterthanyou.promiseanythingbutyourcorevalues.”4.WhatcausedSchultztojointheStarbucks?A.Thepleasantsmellofitscoffeebean. B.Hisstrongdesiretoimprovehimself.C.Theowners’impressiveworkattitude. D.Hiseagernesstosellmorecoffeemakers.5.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSchultz’spersonality?A.mittedandgenerous. B.Sociableandhelpful.C.Motivatedandconsiderate. D.Determinedandcreative.6.WhydidtheStarbucksownersrefusetoservecoffeeinthestores?A.ManycoffeebarshadexistedinSeattle.B.Peoplepreferredtastingcoffeeathome.C.Workforcewasinsufficientinthemarket.D.Theytriedtoavoidhighcostoflaborforce.7.WhatdoesSchultzthinkcontributestohissuccess?A.Learningfromsmarterpeople. B.Stickingtohisowncorevalues.C.Keepinghisbusinessasecret. D.Rememberingasetofprinciples.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了霍華德·舒爾茨帶領(lǐng)星巴克咖啡公司走向成功的故事?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Therewasthatgreatsmell,sure,butwhatcausedhimtofallinlovewiththebusinesswasthecaretheStarbucksownersputintochoosingandroastingthebeans.Hewasalsoimpressedwiththeowners’devotiontoeducatingthepublicaboutthewondersofthecoffee.(當(dāng)然，咖啡的味道很好聞，但讓他愛上這個(gè)行業(yè)的是星巴克老板在選擇和烘焙咖啡豆時(shí)所付出的細(xì)心。他還對(duì)店主致力于向公眾宣傳這種咖啡的神奇之處印象深刻)”及第四段中的“IttookSchultzayeartoconvincetheStarbucksownerstohirehim.(舒爾茨花了一年時(shí)間說(shuō)服星巴克老板雇用他)”可推知，老板令人印象深刻的工作態(tài)度促使舒爾茨加入了星巴克。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“ButwhenhecamebacktoSeattle,theStarbucksownersresistedSchultz’splanstoservecoffeeinthestores,sayingtherestaurantbusinesswaspetitive,anditwascostlytohirewaiters.Afterall,economicbenefitsweretheirprimarymotivator.Frustrated,Schultzquitandstartedhisowncoffeebarbusinessin1985,named“IIGiornale”.Itwassuccessful,andtwoyearslater,theoriginalStarbucksmanagementsolditsStarbucksretailunittoSchultzfor$3.8million.(但當(dāng)他回到西雅圖時(shí)，星巴克的老板們反對(duì)舒爾茨在店內(nèi)提供咖啡的計(jì)劃，稱餐飲業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，而且雇傭服務(wù)員的成本很高。畢竟，經(jīng)濟(jì)利益是他們的主要?jiǎng)恿??；倚膯蕷獾氖鏍柎霓o去了工作，并于1985年創(chuàng)辦了自己的咖啡館，取名為“IIGiornale”。這是成功的，兩年后，最初的星巴克管理層以380萬(wàn)美元的價(jià)格將星巴克零售部門出售給舒爾茨)”可推知，舒爾茨的成功源于他的創(chuàng)新和堅(jiān)持，所以堅(jiān)定和創(chuàng)新是對(duì)舒爾茨性格的最佳描述。故選D。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“ButwhenhecamebacktoSeattle,theStarbucksownersresistedSchultz’splanstoservecoffeeinthestores,sayingtherestaurantbusinesswaspetitive,anditwascostlytohirewaiters.Afterall,economicbenefitsweretheirprimarymotivator.(但當(dāng)他回到西雅圖時(shí)，星巴克的老板們反對(duì)舒爾茨在店內(nèi)提供咖啡的計(jì)劃，稱餐飲業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈，而且雇傭服務(wù)員的成本很高。畢竟，經(jīng)濟(jì)利益是他們的主要?jiǎng)恿?”可知，星巴克的老板拒絕在店里供應(yīng)咖啡，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)噲D避免高昂的勞動(dòng)力成本。故選D。【7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Askedaboutthesecretofhissuccess,Schultztoldustheprinciples:“Don’tbethreatenedbypeoplesmarterthanyou.promiseanythingbutyourcorevalues.”(當(dāng)被問(wèn)及他成功的秘訣時(shí)，舒爾茨告訴我們：“不要被比你聰明的人威脅。除了你的核心價(jià)值觀，什么都可以妥協(xié)?！?”可知，舒爾茨認(rèn)為，堅(jiān)持自己的核心價(jià)值觀是他成功的原因。故選B。CChatGPTisanewAIsystemthatsoundssohumaninconversationsthatitcouldhostitsownradioprograms.Readingbetweenitsinstantlygenerated,perfectlygrammaticallines,peopleseedifferentvisionsofthefuture.Withoutdoubt,ChatGPTisimpressive.SomeparetheemergenceofChatGPTtotheimpactoftheiPhone,butthatdoesn’tdoitjustice.ChatGPT,aswellasthegenerativeAIthatwillfollowandoutsmartit,ismoredisruptive.Andyet,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheendoftheworldisuponus.Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.Takethecreativeact,writinginparticular,asanexample.Ifyouwantitto,theAIpoweredchatbotalwaysproducessomethingbecauseithasthewholeworldofonlinedatatodrawfrom.Butunlikeus,itlackstheconsciousness.Thinkingishard,criticalthinkingevenharder,andChatGPTisn’tgoodateither.Itjustrestateswhathasalreadybeensaid;itisonebigrecyclingmachine.ThereisanotherobviouslimitationofChatGPT.PhilosopherHarryFrankfurtonceclaimed:thedifferencebetweenabullshitter(胡說(shuō)八道的人)andaliaristhattheliarknowswhatthetruthisbutdecidestotaketheoppositedirection;abullshitter,however,hasnoregardforthetruthatall.TheAIscholarGaryMarcusappliesthisdistinctiontoChatGPT.Hebelievesthatwehavereachedacriticalpointwhen“thepriceofbullshitreacheszeroandpeoplewhowanttospreadmisinformation,eitherpoliticallyorjusttomakeaprofit,startdoingthatplentifully”.Unfortunately,ChatGPTwillreproducemisinformationfromanyofitsinputsources—itisnotanintelligentsystemthattriestobalanceorweightdifferentperspectives.Inthissense,everythingthatChatGPTwritesisbullshit.ThisiswhythesocalledAIQiscritical.ItisactuallyanextensionandameasurementofourhumanIQ:ouroverallknowledgeofAItools,ourmasteryofclues,andourethicalawareness.ChatGPTisgoingtochangeeverythingandnothing.Creativity,imaginationandethics—thesewillallremainuniquehumandomains.ItistheAI’sverylimitationsthatwillmakeusappreciateourown.8.WhatcanwelearnaboutChatGPT?A.Ithelpsgenerateanartificialvoice.B.Itprovidesinstructionsonwritingskills.C.Itgeneratesnaturallanguageresponses.D.Itoffersaserviceforlanguagelearning.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disruptive”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Evil. B.parable. C.Profitable. D.Revolutionary.10.WhydoestheauthorconsiderChatGPTasabullshitgenerator?A.Itmakesupliesconstantly.B.Itcan’ttellrightfromwrong.C.Itoftenmakesunfairjudgement.D.Italwaystakesaneutralstandpoint.11.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChatGPTMakesUsHumanB.ChatGPTIsCausingPanicNowC.ChatGPT:TreatItLikeaToy,NotaToolD.ChatGPT:WhyItIsBoundtoGenerateBullshit【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了ChatGPT作為一種新型人工智能系統(tǒng)，雖然它有令人印象深刻的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，但它缺少人類不可替代的品質(zhì)，正是人工智能的這些局限性才讓我們欣賞自我?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“ChatGPTisanewAIsystemthatsoundssohumaninconversationsthatitcouldhostitsownradioprograms.(ChatGPT是一個(gè)新的人工智能系統(tǒng)，在對(duì)話中聽起來(lái)很像人，它可以主持自己的廣播節(jié)目)”可知，ChatGPT在對(duì)話中聽起來(lái)很像人。由此推知，它能夠用非常自然的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行回答。故選C?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面一句“SomeparetheemergenceofChatGPTtotheimpactoftheiPhone,butthatdoesn’tdoitjustice.(有人將ChatGPT的出現(xiàn)比作iPhone的影響，但這并不公正)”和劃線詞后面的“Andyet,thatdoesn’tnecessarilymeantheendoftheworldisuponus.Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.(然而，這并不一定意味著世界末日即將來(lái)臨。相反，我認(rèn)為，ChatGPT可能會(huì)讓我們更加意識(shí)到我們不可替代的人類品質(zhì))”可知，ChatGPT的出現(xiàn)所帶來(lái)的影響比iPhone更大，它更加disruptive，這并不意味著世界毀滅，而是會(huì)讓人類意識(shí)到自身不可替代的品質(zhì)。由此推知，這里是說(shuō)ChatGPT更具革命性，與revolutionary意思最接近。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Unfortunately,ChatGPTwillreproducemisinformationfromanyofitsinputsources—itisnotanintelligentsystemthattriestobalanceorweightdifferentperspectives.Inthissense,everythingthatChatGPTwritesisbullshit.(不幸的是，ChatGPT將從其任何輸入來(lái)源復(fù)制錯(cuò)誤信息——它不是一個(gè)試圖平衡或權(quán)衡不同觀點(diǎn)的智能系統(tǒng)。從這個(gè)意義上說(shuō)，ChatGPT所寫的一切都是胡說(shuō)八道)”可知，ChatGPT只是復(fù)制各種來(lái)源的錯(cuò)誤信息，而不會(huì)思考其中觀點(diǎn)的正誤，所以它是一個(gè)胡說(shuō)八道生成器。由此推知，ChatGPT不能辨別是非。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，第二段中的最后一句“Onthecontrary,ChatGPT,Iwouldargue,mightservetomakeusmoreawareofourirreplaceablehumanqualities.(相反，我認(rèn)為，ChatGPT可能會(huì)讓我們更加意識(shí)到我們不可替代的人類品質(zhì))”承上啟下，引出接下來(lái)作者談?wù)摰腃hatGPT所具有的局限性，并根據(jù)最后一段中的“ItistheAI’sverylimitationsthatwillmakeusappreciateourown.(正是人工智能的局限性讓我們欣賞自己)”可知，這里對(duì)上文進(jìn)行總結(jié)，講述了人工智能的局限性讓我們能夠更好地意識(shí)到我們所具有的人性特點(diǎn)。由此可知，本文主要的論點(diǎn)是：ChatGPT讓我們意識(shí)到我們?nèi)祟惿砩喜豢商娲娜诵蕴攸c(diǎn)，A項(xiàng)“ChatGPT讓我們彰顯人性”最適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選A。DCockatoos(鳳頭鸚鵡)canbinemultipletoolstopleteaplextask,anachievementscientistspreviouslythoughtonlychimpanzeesandhumanscoulddo,anewstudyreveals.InarecentstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,researchersshowedthatcockatooscouldusetoolsasaset,andcanevencarrythetoolsaroundwiththemwhenthesituationcallsforit.Inthefirstexperiment,thebirdshadtoobtainseedsinaboxfrombehindaclearmembrane(薄膜)byusingashort,pointysticktobreakopenthebarrier,beforefishingouttheseedswithalongplasticstraw(吸管).Sevenoutofthe10cockatoosinthestudysuccessfullyextractedtheseeds,andtwoofthosesevenpletedthetaskwithin35secondsontheirfirstattempt,whichastonishedresearchers.Next,researchersconductedthesecondexperimentusingseparateboxeswithandwithoutamembrane.“Thecockatooshadtoactaccordingtotheproblem;sometimesthetoolset(成套工具)wasneeded,andsometimesonlyonetoolwasenough,”saidstudyleadauthorAntonioOsunaMascaro,anevolutionarybiologistattheUniversityofVeterinaryMedicineViennainAustria.Allofthecockatooswereabletorecognizewhenasingletoolwassufficient.Finally,theteamwantedtofindoutifthecockatooscouldtransporttheirtoolsetwiththem.Theyputthecockatoosthroughaseriesofincreasinglychallengingtrialstoreachtheboxes:firsttheyhadtoclimbashortladderwhilecarryingtheirtools;thentheyhadtoflywiththem.Justlikebefore,onlysomeoftheboxeshadamembranebarrier,sothebirdshadtodecidewhethertheproblemrequiredthemtodecideinadvancetotransportoneofthetoolsorbothofthem.Mostofthecockatoosjammedthestickinsidethestrawandcarrieditasasingleitemintheirmouthsonanasneededbasis,furtherindicatingthattheyknewaheadoftimewhentwotoolswererequired.12.Whatdidcockatoosdointhefirstexperiment?A.Theyusedthesticktobreakopenthemembrane.B.Theyusedtheplasticstrawtogetfishoutofthebox.C.Theyknewhowtogetseedsbylearningfromeachother.D.Mostofthemsurprisedresearcherswiththeirrapidspeed.13Whatcanweknowaboutcockatoosaccordingtotheresearch?A.Cockatoosaretheonlyknownnonhumanstouseatoolkit.B.Cockatoosdon’tusethestrawwhenthemembraneisn’tintheway.C.Cockatoosknowaplasticstrawissufficientifthereisn’tamembrane.D.Cockatoosrarelyknowinadvancewhentheyshouldcarryatoolset.14.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.CockatoosDifferfromChimpsinUsingMultipleToolsB.CockatoosImproveIntelligencewithaSetofToolsC.CockatooscanDistinguishaSingleToolfromaToolsetD.CockatoosKnowWhentoUseaToolsettoGettheJobDone15.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Ascientificreport. B.Asciencefictionbook.C.Afablestoryaboutbirds. D.Aninstructionbooklet.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于鳳頭鸚鵡的研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鳳頭鸚鵡可以結(jié)合多種工具來(lái)完成一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，它們可以使用一套工具，甚至可以在情況需要時(shí)隨身攜帶工具?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Inthefirstexperiment,thebirdshadtoobtainseedsinaboxfrombehindaclearmembrane(薄膜)byusingashort,pointysticktobreakopenthebarrier,beforefishingouttheseedswithalongplasticstraw(吸管).(在第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，鳥類必須用一根短而尖的棍子打破透明薄膜后面的盒子，然后用一根長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的塑料吸管把種子撈出來(lái))”可知，在第一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中，鳳頭鸚鵡需要用棍子打破了薄膜。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Next,researchersconductedthesecondexperimentusingseparateboxeswithandwithoutamembrane.(接下來(lái)，研究人員使用帶膜和不帶膜的單獨(dú)盒子進(jìn)行了第二次實(shí)驗(yàn))”和“Allofthecockatooswereabletorecognizewhenasingletoolwassufficient.(所有的鳳頭鸚鵡都能識(shí)別出什么時(shí)候一個(gè)工具就足夠了)”可知，鳳頭鸚鵡知道，如果沒有薄膜，一根塑料吸管就足夠了。故選C?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Cockatoos(鳳頭鸚鵡)canbinemultipletoolstopleteaplextask,anachievementscientistspreviouslythoughtonlychimpanzeesandhumanscoulddo,anewstudyreveals.(一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示，鳳頭鸚鵡可以結(jié)合多種工具來(lái)完成一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，科學(xué)家們以前認(rèn)為只有黑猩猩和人類才能做到這一點(diǎn))”和“InarecentstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,researchersshowedthatcockatooscouldusetoolsasaset(在最近發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員表明，鳳頭鸚鵡可以使用一套工具)”可推知，文章報(bào)道了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于鳳頭鸚鵡的研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鳳頭鸚鵡可以結(jié)合多種工具來(lái)完成一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，它們可以使用一套工具。所以“CockatoosKnowWhentoUseaToolsettoGettheJobDone(鳳頭鸚鵡知道何時(shí)使用一套工具來(lái)完成工作)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“InarecentstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiology,researchersshowedthatcockatooscouldusetoolsasaset,andcanevencarrythetoolsaroundwiththemwhenthesituationcallsforit.(在最近發(fā)表在《當(dāng)代生物學(xué)》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員表明，鳳頭鸚鵡可以使用工具作為一套工具，甚至可以在情況需要時(shí)隨身攜帶工具)”可知，文章介紹了一項(xiàng)關(guān)于鳳頭鸚鵡的研究，因此它最有可能來(lái)自一份與科學(xué)研究相關(guān)的報(bào)告。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多于選項(xiàng)。Toshootasceneofpeopleeatingfood,youneedtwodifferentperspectives(角度).Torecordabusjourneytoschool,youneedthreequickcuts.Topletethisshort,morningrushhourvideoblog–or“vlog”–youneedfourpiecesofmusic.___16___Withmorethan90millionvlogsavailableonline,and2,000postedeveryhourontheYouTubevideosharingsite,CBSNewssaystheyaremainstreamwithpeoplebornafter1995.___17___MoreyoungChinesepeoplehavebeeinspiredtograbacameraandrecountthedetailsoftheirdayonSinaWeibo,BilibiliorWeChatMoments.“Themostimportantthingaboutvloggingistotellagoodstory.Othervisualeffectsareauxiliary(輔助的),”wroteUSvloggerCaseyNeista,whohasalmost10millionsubscribersonYouTube.ChinesevloggerWangXiaoguangisanexampleofagoodstoryteller.Inoneofhispopularvlogposts,WangtellsthestoryoftravelingtoJapan.Whilethere,hetookarideinthewrongdirectionandgotlost.Worse,heforgottobringaphonecharger.___18___Anotherkeyaspectofvlogsisthatthecontentisbasedoneverydaylife,accordingtoOuyangNana,18,ayoungChinesemusician.ShedocumentsherlifeatBerkleeCollegeofMusic.Ordinaryasvlogsare,asmanyas15millionfansshareherwowsandwoes(喜怒哀樂(lè))onadailybasis.___19___PengYixuan,anewsreporterwithChinaDaily,recordedherfirstexperienceattendingandreportingonthetwosessionsinMarchofthisyear.Witharelaxed,chattyandpersonalapproach,shepresentedtheconferences,“bringingmorewarmth”tothegrandpoliticalevent,accordingtoPeople’sDaily.Therearepopularvlogsforbeauty,gaming,fashion,foodandtravel.Vloggersarelearningnewwaystoexperiencethethrillofthem._____20_____Thenwhatareyouwaitingfor?Grabacamera!A.Theyefromallwalksoflife.B.However,hedidn’ttakethenumberofhishotel.C.VlogginghastakenChinabystormoverthepastyear.DSomeotherpopularvloggerschoosetoshowtheircareers.E.Vlogspavethewayforfutureadvertisingandsalescampaigns.F.Luckilyhewasabletoborrowmoneyfromastrangerandescapetrouble.G.Vloggershavethesetechniquesinmindastheyfilmtheirdailyactivities.【答案】16.G17.C18.F19.D20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了當(dāng)前在年輕人中非常流行的短視頻—Vlog，從明星到普通人，大家都在用短視頻記錄自己的日常生活，可以說(shuō)，全民Vlog時(shí)代已經(jīng)來(lái)臨。【16題詳解】設(shè)空句為段末句，可總結(jié)本段主旨要義。根據(jù)前文“Toshootasceneofpeopleeatingfood,youneedtwodifferentperspectives.Torecordabusjourneytoschool,youneedthreequickcuts.Topletethisshort,morningrushhourvideoblog–or“vlog”–youneedfourpiecesofmusic.”可知，在講述一些拍攝技巧。選項(xiàng)G“Vloggershavethesetechniquesinmindastheyfilmtheirdailyactivities.(視頻記錄者在記錄他們的日?；顒?dòng)時(shí)，腦海中已經(jīng)有了這些技術(shù)。)”是對(duì)以上內(nèi)容的概括總結(jié)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】設(shè)空句為段首句，為本段中心主題句。根據(jù)后文“MoreyoungChinesepeoplehavebeeinspiredtograbacameraandrecountthedetailsoftheirdayonSinaWeibo,BilibiliorWeChatMoments.”可知在講述短視頻拍攝對(duì)于中國(guó)的影響。選項(xiàng)C“VlogginghastakenChinabystormoverthepastyear.(在過(guò)去的一年里，視頻登錄在中國(guó)掀起了一場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴。)”貼合主題。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】設(shè)空句為段末句，應(yīng)是呼應(yīng)主題。根據(jù)前文內(nèi)容主要講述了他去日本旅游的“不幸經(jīng)歷”。結(jié)合核心詞“goodstoryteller(非常善于講故事的人)”可知，選項(xiàng)F“Luckilyhewasabletoborrowmoneyfromastrangerandescapetrouble.(幸運(yùn)的是，他能夠向一個(gè)陌生人借錢，避免了麻煩。)”適合作為這個(gè)故事的結(jié)局，符合語(yǔ)境需求。故選F項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空句在段首，應(yīng)是本段中心主題句。根據(jù)后文內(nèi)容主要講述了記者彭譯萱的工作經(jīng)歷—首次報(bào)道兩會(huì)，可知，選項(xiàng)D“Someotherpopularvloggerschoosetoshowtheircareers.(其他一些流行的視頻博主選擇展示他們的職業(yè)生涯。)”貼合本段主題。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)前一句內(nèi)容“Therearepopularvlogsforbeauty,gaming,fashion,foodandtravel.Vloggersarelearningnewwaystoexperiencethethrillofthem.(有很多流行的視頻博客，內(nèi)容包括美容、游戲、時(shí)尚、美食和旅游。視頻記錄者正在學(xué)習(xí)新的方式來(lái)體驗(yàn)它們帶來(lái)的刺激。)”可知，視頻博主來(lái)自各行各業(yè)。選項(xiàng)A“Theyefromallwalksoflife.(他們來(lái)自各行各業(yè)。)”恰當(dāng)合理地總結(jié)了前文內(nèi)容，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】七選五技巧從細(xì)節(jié)邏輯上判斷—例證關(guān)系前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質(zhì)而言無(wú)非是思維上的形象（例子，類比等）和抽象（觀點(diǎn)）的辯證關(guān)系，用到的思維過(guò)程無(wú)非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點(diǎn)）和演繹推理（從觀點(diǎn)到例子）。比如本文的第5小題：Therearepopularvlogsforbeauty,gaming,fashion,foodandtravel.Vloggersarelearningnewwaystoexperiencethethrillofthem._____5_____結(jié)合前文內(nèi)容可知，前文內(nèi)容“Therearepopularvlogsforbeauty,gaming,fashion,foodandtravel.Vloggersarelearningnewwaystoexperiencethethrillofthem.”講到了有很多流行的視頻博客，內(nèi)容包括美容、游戲、時(shí)尚、美食和旅游以及視頻記錄者正在學(xué)習(xí)新的方式來(lái)體驗(yàn)它們帶來(lái)的刺激，因此可將前文內(nèi)容作為例子，第5小題要作歸納總結(jié)：微視頻來(lái)自各行各業(yè)。因此選項(xiàng)A“Theyefromallwalksoflife.(他們來(lái)自各行各業(yè)。)即為正確答案。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題：每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ItisdarknowwhenIbeginmyearlymorningwalkinthewoods.Andnowthatautumnhasmarchedintowinter,darknesspersistswellbeyondmy6a.m.starttime.Pathshavebeefamiliarafteryearsofhiking.Butrocksandtreerootshavemagicallyappearedfrompreviously____21____ground.CertainlyIhitmytoeagainstor____22____onsomeunseenbarriers.Fallenbranchesfromlastnight’sstorm____23____inwait.Layersofautumnleavescreateafalsefloorthroughwhichmytrustingfootsteps____24____.Sometimesapieceofmoondonatessome____25____tothemysterypath.Butwhenskiesaredark,thereareno____26____cluesforwhereIstep.MyveryfirstnighthikewasduringsummercamponawarmAugustnightinthewoods.Ourleader____27____brightflashlightssowewouldnotscareawaythenightcreatureswehopedtofind.“Seewithyour____28____,”theleadertoldusoverandoveragain.____29____,thatadvicetookeffect.With____30____andcourage,itdidn’ttakelongbeforeourfeetbecame____31____totheground’stextures(質(zhì)地)andirregularities.Toeslearnedto____32____forbarriersbeforetrustingfullweightonfeet.Holesanddipsinthegroundweredetectedin____33____ofpossiblefall...Butmistakes____34____happen.MyfootgetscaughtonatripandIfall.Sincethepaceis____35____,thereislittledamageexcepttopride.Once____36____,Ipausetofeelthefirmnessofearthbeneathme.Onmywayhome,asdawn____37____day,Ithinkabouthowsimilarnighthikesaretojourneysthroughlife.Thesamerulesoften____38____forboth:slowdown,concentration,“see”withnewsenses—anddon’tbe____39____.Althoughthepathisfullof____40____—hiddenbarriers,falsesurface,dampfloor—theearthissolidandfirmbeneath.Itisthenatureofnightground.Itisthenatureoflife.21.A.level B.soft C.wet D.hard22.A.step B.tour C.trip D.go23.A.stand B.hang C.stain D.lie24.A.break B.sink C.walk D.remove25.A.coldness B.light C.loneliness D.courage26.A.vacant B.typical C.visual D.conscious27.A.forbade B.shone C.removed D.collected28.A.eyes B.legs C.hands D.feet29.A.Directly B.Amazingly C.Possibly D.Luckily30.A.contribution B.appreciation C.concentration D.expectation31.A.suspicious B.cautious C.attentive D.sensitive32.A.explore B.head C.clarify D.access33.A.need B.charge C.advance D.spite34.A.never B.still C.even D.ever35.A.rapid B.heavy C.slow D.high36.A.up B.down C.out D.away37.A.makesupfor B.makeswayfor C.makesuseof D.makessenseof38.A.work B.apply C.answer D.suit39.A.disappointed B.confused C.scared D.annoyed40.A.darkness B.hopelessness C.experiences D.uncertainties【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.B26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.D32.A33.C34.B35