語法填空2023高考系列人與自然：動物保護(hù)Bytheendofthelesson,youwillbeableto:getabetterunderstandingofgrammar-fillingtypeofquestion;figureoutthecorrectprocedureofcrackingoutthequestion;thoroughlygooverthebasicgrammaticalpoints;befamiliarwiththetopicsconcerningtraditionalChineseculture.TeachingObjectivesEngagePart1StudyPart2STEP1：總覽全文，從有到無高考真題：2019年全國I卷（高考真題）ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61._____theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62._______(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods63.______trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64.___________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut65.________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66.______(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67.______(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare68._______(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69.____nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70.____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.體裁：說明文話題：動物保護(hù)主題語境：人與自然文章大意：介紹北極熊的生存現(xiàn)狀三好學(xué)生之動詞——謂語：時態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunavut65.____________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,…65havereported考查時態(tài)。由時間狀語inrecentyears，確定用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)havereported。注STEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身主70…,threearedeclining,six70.____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.are主注考查時態(tài)與主謂一致。根據(jù)threearedeclining，此處數(shù)詞six作主語，代指前文“polarbearsubpopulations”，用一般現(xiàn)在時，謂語用are。謂謂賓三好學(xué)生之動詞——非謂語64考查非謂語。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語。注STEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身67Scientistshaverespondedby67.________(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,…注考查非謂語。由介詞by可知，此處用動名詞主動形式noting。notingtoperform謂謂主主謂Modernmethods63.of/for

trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64.

__________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.65考查名詞。根據(jù)其前不定冠詞和其后的同位語從句可知，空格處為名詞形式，故填belief。注belief…,leadingtoa66._____(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.常見動詞轉(zhuǎn)化清單v.?n.believe

?beliefrelieve?reliefprove

?proofencourage

?encouragementjudge?judg(e)mentargue

?argumentattract

?attractioncreate?creationproduce

?productioninvite

?invitationcompete?competitionadd

?addition三好學(xué)生之動詞——詞性轉(zhuǎn)化STEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身常見動詞轉(zhuǎn)化清單v.?n.imagine

?relax?satisfy

?pronounce

?recognize?describe?solve?discuss?tense?expand

?decide?permit

?admit?compare?explain?explanationcomplain?complaintimagination

relaxation

description

recognition

pronunciationsatisfaction

tension

discussion

permission

admission

expansion

decision

solution

一般：do/does/did/(will/begoingto)do進(jìn)行：be(am/is/are/was/were)doing完成：have/has/haddone一般：be(am/is/are/was/were)done進(jìn)行：be(am/is/are/was/were)beingdone完成：have/has/hadbeendone主動、同時發(fā)生：doing被動、先后發(fā)生：done目的：todo時態(tài)被動語態(tài)非謂語動詞小結(jié)動詞名詞：-tion/sion,etc.口訣：明星一時語明（名）星（形）一（主謂一致）時（時態(tài)）語（語態(tài)）詞性轉(zhuǎn)化形容詞：-tive,-ed,etc.三好學(xué)生之名詞——復(fù)數(shù)、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換改編P1S1some修飾可數(shù)名詞，用復(fù)數(shù)。注ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebigland

(mass)asfarsouthasNewfoundland.STEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身masses改編P1S3...however,biologists

(calculation)thatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.calculate注主語biologists后缺謂語，故用calculation的動詞形式。主謂三好學(xué)生之名詞——詞性轉(zhuǎn)化常見名詞轉(zhuǎn)化清單n.?a.tradition

?music?centre

?culture

?risk

?health

?fog

?foggyfur?furryhumor

?poison?fame

?adventure

?ambition

?caution

?gold

?wood?woodentraditional

musicalhealthyriskycultural

centralhumorouspoisonous

cautiousambitiousadventurousfamousgoldenSTEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身常見名詞轉(zhuǎn)化清單n.?a.self

?fool?centre

?culture

?harm

?hope

?afford

?favor?access

?sense?fame

?adventure

?ambition

?caution

?abandon

?balance?三好學(xué)生之名詞——詞性轉(zhuǎn)化selfish

foolishhopefulharmfulcultural

centralaccessiblesensible

cautiousambitiousadventurousfamousabandonedSTEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身affordablefavorablebalanced三好學(xué)生之名詞——詞性轉(zhuǎn)化STEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身常見名詞轉(zhuǎn)化清單n.?a.act

?affect?create?imagine?Europe?Asia?afford?affordablefavor?favorableface

?society?benefit?finance?history?economy

?system?energy?energeticactive

affectiveAsianEuropeanimaginative

creativefacialsocial

historiceconomicbeneficialsystematicfinancial三好學(xué)生之形容詞——最高級、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化68考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)其后than可知，為形容詞的比較級。注…,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare68.______(high)thantheyactuallyare.higherSTEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身62Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62._______(poor)studied…poorly注考查副詞。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處用副詞poorly修飾謂語動詞hasbeenstudied，意為“研究很少”。故填poorly。謂主a.?adv.careful

?useful?lazy

?lucky

?simple

?gentle

?terrible

?possible?true

?whole

?energetic

?scientific

?carefullySTEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身usefully

gently

simply

luckily

lazilyterriblypossiblyscientificallyenergeticallywholly

truly三好學(xué)生之形容詞——最高級、詞性轉(zhuǎn)化名詞、形容詞小結(jié)口訣：變復(fù)變性名詞比較級（+er)、最高級（+est)詞性轉(zhuǎn)化：變副詞+ly復(fù)數(shù)：+s詞性轉(zhuǎn)化：變動詞、形容詞口訣：明復(fù)唧唧形容詞明復(fù)唧唧（名詞、副詞、比較級、最高級）高考真題：2019年全國全國I卷STEP3：四有青年，正確選擇ThepolarbearisfoundintheArcticCircleandsomebiglandmassesasfarsouthasNewfoundland.Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61._____theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62._______(poor)studied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.Modernmethods63.______trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive64.___________(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.InrecentyearssomeInuitpeopleinNunayut65.______________(report)increasesinbearsightingsaroundhumansettlements,leadingtoa66.______(believe)thatpopulationsareincreasing.Scientistshaverespondedby67.______(note)thathungrybearsmaybecongregating(聚集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯覺)thatpopulationsare68._______(high)thantheyactuallyare.Of69.____nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,six70.____(be)stable,oneisincreasing,andninelackenoughdata.謂四有青年之代詞改編P1S3固定句式Itis+adj.todosth.,It作形式主語。注

isdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62.poorly(poor)studied.It形式主語真正主語it1.指代上文2.形式主語3.形式賓語4.特殊句型人或物、環(huán)境、時間、距離、溫度（1）Itis+adj./n(apity/…)+that+sb.+(should)dosth.（2）Itis+adj.（+of/forsb.）+todosth.（3）Itistime(forsb.)todosth./Itis(high)timethatsb.didsth.（4）Itisnouse/good+doingsth.（5）Itissaid/reported/announced/(well)known…that…（6）Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.

（7）Itappears/seemstodosth./that從句.Sb.think/find/feel/madeit+n./adj.+todosth/that從句.（1）Itis+被強調(diào)部分+that/who+其它.（2）Itis/was+時間+since…從……已多久了。（3）Itis/was/willbethefirst/second/third…timethat…ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.Itwasthesecondtimethathehadseenthefilm.（4）Itisuptosb.todosth.應(yīng)由某人做某事。（5）Whenitcomesto…,當(dāng)談到/涉及……時（6）Wordhasitthat…據(jù)說/有消息說……（7）Sb.hateitwhen…某人討厭……四有青年之代詞改編P1S3固定句式Itis+adj.todosth.,It作形式主語。注

isdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen62.poorly(poor)studied.It形式主語真正主語謂賓格（作賓語）形容詞性物主代詞反身代詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱meusmyourmyselfourselves第二人稱youyouyouryouryourselfyourselves第三人稱himheritthemhisheritstheirhimselfherselfitselfthemselves代詞四有青年之冠詞69Of69.___nineteenrecognizedpolarbearsubpopulations,threearedeclining,…the考查定冠詞。特指，“在已知的19個北極熊亞種群中”，填the。注the復(fù)數(shù)特指a/an泛指可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)零冠詞泛指不可數(shù)名詞名詞冠詞the特指口訣：名詞唯粉四有青年之介詞63Modernmethods63.________trackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,…of/for固定介詞搭配：methodsof/for(doing)sth做某事的方法注與副詞搭配：ratherthan與動詞搭配：importfrom與名詞搭配：throughthetrade口訣：愛湊CP介詞代詞+名詞性質(zhì)的詞名詞固定搭配介詞與副詞搭配與動詞搭配Ving與名詞搭配四有青年之連詞Whiletheyarerarenorthof88°,thereisevidence61.____theyrangeallthewayacrosstheArctic,andasfarsouthasJamesBayinCanada.that考查同位語從句。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析，主句為therebe句型且結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格后為同位語從句，解釋說明中心詞evidence內(nèi)容，填that。注并列關(guān)系：and,both…and…轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but,however,etc.口訣：平行反轉(zhuǎn)銜接詞主同位語從句Thefactthatyouhavenotimeisknown.that[不可省略]Thequestionwhetherweshouldleavehasbeensolved.who,when等疑問詞引導(dǎo)詞先行詞Let’stalkaboutthematterwhowillgototheconference.whether[不可用if替代]同位語從句常為fact,news,information,word,idea,truth,belief,promise,hope,problem,

doubt,order,suggestion,conclusion,report,doubt,decision,opinion,theory等抽象名詞三好學(xué)生與四有青年的三步走：STEP2：三好學(xué)生，華麗變身STEP1：總覽全文，從有到無把握文章體裁、話題、主題語境和大意先做有提示詞，再做無提示詞動詞：明星一時語名詞：變復(fù)變性形容詞（副詞）：明復(fù)唧唧STEP3：四有青年，正確選擇冠詞：名詞唯粉代詞：總向前看連詞：平行反轉(zhuǎn)介詞：愛湊CPActivatePart3CanyoutellusyourShengXiaoaccordingtothepictures?十二生肖三好學(xué)生Inordertodatetheyearsmoreeasily,our____________(ancestor)

used12_____________(meaning)

animalstorepresenttheyears,whichiscalledthe“ChineseZodiac”.ChineseZodiacyearsofbirthareknownasBenMingNianinChinese,inwhichpeople________(usual)wearsomethingredforgoodluck,suchasredsocks,redunderwearandaredbracelet.Atigeristhe_______________(powerful)animalinthe12animals.名詞形容詞ancestorsmeaningfulusuallymostpowerful動詞3.1It__________(believe)thattheyearrepresentedbytheanimalaffectsone'scharacterinthesamemannerasthetwelveconstellationsadoptedbyWesternculture.3.2TheChineseZodiacisa12-yearcycle_______(label)withanimals.3.3Adragonisalarge__________(aggress)animalwithwingsandalongtail,whichcanbreatheoutfireandisalsoasymbolofawomanwhobehavesinanaggressiveand__________(frighten)way.三好學(xué)生isbelievedlabeledaggressivefrightening四有青年_______thewesterntradition,theChineseDragonisasymbolofpower,strengthandwealth.SomepeoplebelievethatsomeanimalsoftheChineseZodiacareluckierthantheothers,forinstance,____ZodiacofDragon.TheChineseZodiacisa12-yearcyclelabeledwithanimalsstartingwithaRat____endingwithaPig.Amonkeysymbolizesachild____isactiveandlikesplayingtricksonpeople.介詞冠詞連詞代詞Unliketheandwho牛刀小試：TheChineseZodiaconisassociatedsignshimselftheandhonestItthat/whi