2024年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國(guó)統(tǒng)一模擬考試英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15. B．￡9.18. C．￡9.15.答案是C。1．Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A．Hercar. B．Herkey. C．Herbag.2．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Sunny. B．Rainy. C．Windy.3．Whatwillthemandofirsttomorrow?A．Playwithapet. B．Gotoashop. C．Visitacustomer.4．Howisthemanfeeling?A．Disappointed. B．Frightened. C．Embarrassed.5．Howdidthewomangettheteaset?A．SheboughtitfromChina.B．Afriendgaveittoherasagift.C．Itwaspasseddowntoherbyherfamily.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6．Whathappenedontheroad?A．Theroadwasblocked. B．Acarknockedintoatruck. C．Theman’scarbrokedown.7．WhatdidthemandoonSunday?A．Hepickedapples. B．Hewatchedamovie. C．Hereceivedanunexpectedguest.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Howlonghasthewomanbeenworking?A．Foroneyear. B．Forninemonths. C．Forfivemonths.9．Whatdoesthewomanlikebestaboutherjob?A．Theflexibility. B．Thechallenge. C．Theenjoyment.10．Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A．Hehasgreatmanagementskills.B．Heisdreamingofchanginghiscareer.C．Hemayprefertoworkinaninternationalcompany.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11．WhenwastheEnglishmuffininvented?A．Inthe18thcentury. B．Inthe19thcentury. C．Inthe20thcentury.12．WhatdidThomasdo?A．HesoldEnglishmuffinstohotels.B．HeimportedEnglishmuffinstoBritain.C．HeintroducedEnglishmuffinsfromEnglandtoAmerica.13．WhatisthecaseofEnglishmuffinsnow?A．Theyareremovedfromrestaurantmenus.B．TheyarethesamethingsasAmericanmuffins.C．TheyaremorepopularinBritainthaninAmerica.聽第9段材料，回答第14至17題。14．WhoisCharlotte?A．Atourguide. B．Anenthusiasticaudience. C．AguestofTraveltheWorld.15．Whatbenefitcanacouchsurferenjoy?A．Findingaplacetostayforfree.B．Savingmoneyontransportation.C．Bookingdiscountedticketsonaplatform.16．WhatcountryisJessicafrom?A．Australia. B．Switzerland. C．TheUSA.17．HowdidMarianahelpCharlotte?A．Byhelpingwithawedding. B．Byofferingabedroomtoher. C．Bytakingcareofhertwinbabies.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．WhatinspiredArsh’sloveforpainting?A．Afriend’sartworks. B．Hisbirthdaygifts. C．Avisittoanursinghome.19．HowdidArshgetmoneytodocharitywork?A．Bygivingartlessons. B．Bycollectingdonations. C．Bysellinghisownpaintings.20．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Acharitycause. B．Akindboy. C．Asupportivemother.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AReadytomakeagoodchoiceforvacationdays?EnterTripadvisorPlus,amembershipthatthetravelcompanylaunched.For$99ayear,thissubscriptionservicepromisesdiscountsandspecialservicesforyou.WhenyoubooktravelthroughTripadvisorPlus,memberswillseeafullmenuofsavingsandperks（額外待遇）,witheligiblepropertiesmarkedbyaPluslogo.TripadvisorPlusmemberswillsaveanaverageof$350perstay,You’llalsoreceivea10%discountonselectexperiencesbookeddirectlythroughitswebsite.Asfortheperks,we’renotjusttalkingaboutafewchocolates.Perkscouldmeanspaservices,orevenafewmealsonthehouse.Asyou’replanningyourtrip,youcanmessagewithtravelexpertsonweekdaysbetween9a.m.and8p.m.They’llrespond,typicallywithinonebusinessday,withadviceonhotels,toprestaurants,andcan’t-missexperiences.ThefirstyearofyoursubscriptionalsoincludesHertzFiveStarelitestatus,whichoffersbenefitssuchascarrentalupgradesandpriorityserviceswhileyou’rehittingtheroad.Rightnow,themembers-onlyperksapplyto100,000hotelsand400,000experiencesworldwideandtheselocationsarebasedonwhereAmericanstravelmost.Whileweplantoaddpropertiesinthefuture,ifyou’redreamingofmoreoff-the-beaten-pathdestinations,youmightnotgetthemostoutofyourmembership.You’llreceiveafullrefundofyour$99-a-yearfeeifyoucancelyoursubscriptionwithinthefirst90days.However,youcangetthatrefundonlyifyouhaven’talreadybookedahotelorexperiencethroughyourmembership.Also,keepinmindthatyoursubscriptionwillbeautomaticallyrenewedeachyear.21．WhatadvantagecanaTripadvisorPlusmemberprobablytake?A．Discountonselectexperiences. B．Freemealsforthewholetrip.C．Priorityinfive-starhotels. D．Expertadviceonoff-the-beaten-pathdestinations.22．Whoaretheintendedreadersofthetext?A．TravelerstoAmerica. B．Americansplanningforatrip.C．Propertyrunnersseekingtoattractguests. D．Americantravelagenciespromotingroutes.23．WhatdoesthelastparagraphremindreadersabouttheTripadvisorPlussubscription?A．Itisfreeofchargeforthefirstyear. B．Itcanbecancelledunconditionally.C．Itwillbeautomaticallyrenewedannually. D．Itshouldbeconfirmedwithin90days.BItwasaninnocentlittledetail,backedbycenturiesofscience,inachemistrybookabouttea,somethingAmericanauthorMichelleFranclneveranticipatedwouldcauseastiramongtheBritish.Inhernewbook,Steeped:TheChemistryofTea,Franclanalyzedcaffeinelevelsandstudiedthemoleculesthatgiveteaitsgoodsmell.Sheuncoveredthelittle-knownpresenceinteaofotherchemicals,includingfluorideandaluminum.Andshealsomentionedacarefulstudyofan8th-centuryChinesearticlethatcalledforsalttobeaddedtotheboilingwater.“Thesodiumions（鈉離子）inthesaltblockoursenseofbitterness,”saysFrancl,achemistryprofessoratBrynMawrCollegeinPennsylvania.“Soifyouputatinybitofsaltin—notenoughtotaste—youmakethecupofteaorcoffeesmootherandlessbitter.”Therecipeforaperfectcupoftea,shewroteinherbook,includesalittlesalt.Andforteawithmilk,Franclrecommendswarmingthemilkfirst,sothatitdoesn’tcurdle（凝結(jié)）whenithitsthehotwater.Soundsharmless,right?ButanyonewithBritishfriendsandlovedones—orwho’sspentmorethanfiveminutesintheUnitedKingdom—willknowthatrecipeamountstoblasphemy.WithinhoursofthepublicationofFrancl’sbook,facepalmemojis（捂臉表情）wereappearingacrosstheBritishIsles.“Hotmilkandsalt!?Whoisthisperson?”radiohostToniMcDonaldshoutedonhisprogram.“Thisscientistsupposesthattheonlywaytohaveadecentcupofteaiswithalittlesalt?That’sfoolish!”anotherradiohost,VicMinett,said.Torespondtothesecomplaints,theU.S.Embassy’spublicaffairsofficer,RodneyFordtoldthepress,“WewanttosaytothegoodpeopleoftheU.K.thattheunthinkableideaofaddingsalttoBritain’snationaldrinkisnotofficialUnitedStatespolicy—andneverwillbe.”24．WhyistheChinesearticlementionedinparagraph2?A．TotelluswhereFranclgotheridea.B．Toproveteamakingenjoysatime-honoredhistory.C．TointroducethesocialbackgroundofFrancl’sbook.D．Toexplainhowtea-makingwasbroughttoBritainfromChina.25．Whatcanreducethebittertasteintheteaaccordingtothetext?A．Salt. B．Boilingwater. C．Curdledmilk. D．Anunknownchemical.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“blasphemy”inparagraph5mean?A．Embarrassment. B．Unbalance. C．Disrespect. D．Desperation.27．WhatdidFrancl’sbookcauseinBritain?A．Teacraze. B．Heateddiscussion. C．Policychange. D．Publicanger.CTheVoynichmanuscript（手稿）isa234bookfilledwithwritinginastrangelanguagenowcalledVoynichese.Italsofeaturesmanystrangedrawingsofunknownplants,peopleandcharts.Basedontheimagesalone,itseemstohavesomethingtodowithmedicine.Thelanguageinthemanuscriptappearsnowhereelseandhasbecomeoneofthegreatestlinguisticriddlesofourday,Sinceitsdiscovery,ithasattractedresearchers,beencalledahoax（騙局）,andbeenthesubjectofahugenumberofarticles.Bycarbondatingthemanuscript,researchersareprettyconfidentthatitwasconstructedintheearly1400s.Andthroughthemagicoflinguisticanalysis,mostpeopleagreethatthemanuscriptisnotahoax.Or,ifitis,it’savery,verycomplexhoax.Apaperpublishedin2016bycomputerscientistGregKondrakandhisstudentBradleyHauergainedalotofattention.TheirtheorywasbasedontheideathatVoynichesewasmadewithasubstitutioncipher（替代密碼）.Thatmeansitwaswritteninareallanguage,andtheneachofthelettersinthatlanguagewasreplacedbyaspecificVoynicheseletter.Thisiswherethecomputingpowercomesin.ByhavingacomputercomparethetextoftheVoynichmanuscriptto380languages,KondrakandHauerranthesubstitutioncipherthroughasmanylanguagesaspossibleanddeterminedifthetextwouldmakesense.Intheend,theyfiguredoutthattheoriginallanguagewasHebrew,andtheyeventranslatedsomeofthetext.Thereareafewproblemswiththeirresults,though:theycomparedthemanuscripttomodernHebrew,not15th-centuryHebrew;theyhadtomake“spellingcorrections”forittomakesense;and,possiblymostegregious（過分的）ofall,theygottheirresultsusingatranslatingapp.Despitealltheinnovationsincode-breakingoverthelastcentury,theVoynichmanuscriptstillrejectsouradvances.IfVoynicheseisindeedeversolved,artificialintelligencecouldverylikelyplayarole.28．WhatcanbeanagreedpointabouttheVoynichmanuscript?A．It’samedicalbook. B．Ithasmagicpower.C．Itwasmadeinthe1400s. D．Ittellsthestoryofacomplexhoax.29．WhatdoesKondrakbelieve?A．Voynichesewasanendangeredlanguage. B．Voynichesewillbereplacedsoon.C．Voynichesewasmadebysomebody. D．Voynichesewillattractmoreattention.30．WhatcanbeinferredaboutKondrak’sresearch?A．Itssampleswereinsufficient. B．Itfailedtogetthetexttomakesense.C．Itdidn’tdeterminetheoriginallanguage. D．Itsconclusionwasnotconvincingenough.31．Whatdoestheauthorexpressinthelastparagraph?A．Doubt. B．Expectation. C．Determination. D．Concern.DAnimalshavedevelopedacircadianclock—aninternalbodyclockthatrunsin24-hourcycles.Itisregulatedbycues（提示）fromtheirenvironment.Buttheymaysufferfroma“jetlag（時(shí)差反應(yīng)）”whenthecuesanimalsareexposedtodonotmatchtheonesoftheirnaturalenvironment.KristineGandia,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofStirlinginScotland,andateamofobserverssetouttounderstandhowthe“jetlag”oflivinginlatitudes（緯度）thatanimalswerenotusedtocanaffectthem.Giantpandaswerechosenasthefocusforthestudypartlybecausetheylivehighlyseasonallives.”“Giantpandasareverygoodanimalstofocuson,”Gandiasaid.“Theyareverypopularinzoosandtherearealotthathavecamerassowecanseehowtheirbehaviorchangesacrossdifferentlatitudes.Thesecamerasenabledustomonitorthegiantpandas’behavioracrossa24-hourperiod.”Gandiaexplainedthatthelatitudinalrangeforgiantpandasisbetween26and42degreesnorth.Matchinglatitudescouldalsobeconsideredbetween26and42degreessouth,asthesemirrorthetemperatureandlightingconditions.Theteammonitored11giantpandasinsixdifferentzoos.Somezooswerewithintheanimals’naturallatitudesbutinothercountriesandtheotherswereoutsidethatrange.Gandiaexplained,“Werecordedgiantpandabehavior,tryingtoaccountforbehaviorsthatarepositive,neutral（中性的）andnegativeindicatorsforwelfare.So,thiswouldincludebehaviorslikeplayandgroomingaspositivebehaviors,drinkinganddefecatingasneutralmaintenancebehaviors,andseveralabnormalbehaviorsasnegativebehaviors,withpacingbeingthemostcommon.”Thoselivinginzoosoutsideoftheirhomelatitudewerefoundtobelessactiveanddisplaymorenegativebehaviors.“Giantpandaslivinginzooscouldbesufferingfroma‘jetlag’iftheirbodyclocksdon’tmatchtheirenvironments,”Gandiasaid.32．WhatdoesGandiaandherteam’sstudyfocuson?A．Animalbehavior. B．Animalbodyclock. C．Animalpopularity. D．Animaldistribution.33．Whatisareasonwhypandaswerechosenforthestudy?A．Widelatitudeoftheirnaturalhabitat. B．Theirstrongadaptability.C．Theexistingfindingsaboutthem. D．Theconvenienceofobservation.34．Howwasthestudycarriedout?A．Byanalyzingreasons. B．Bycomparingrecordings.C．Byconductinginterviews. D．Bylistingexamples.35．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．Will“JetLag”BeAbletoBeAvoided?B．CouldAnimalsSufferfroma“JetLag”?C．IsPandaaProperSubjecttoStudy“JetLag”?D．DoesSeasonHaveAnythingtoDowith“JetLag”?第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Formostpeople,travelingthroughthemountainsorsamplingFrenchcuisineisararetreat.36Ifyouintendtobecomeatravelwriter,hereishowyoucangetonyourprofessionaladventure.Learntobeadescriptivewriter.Peoplecometotravelwritingfromallwalksoflife,andpublicationstendtobeconcernedwithyourabilitytodeliveragreatpieceoveranyadvanceddegree.It’simportanttolearnskillstodescribeplacessothatyourreaderscanfeelasiftheywerepersonallyonthescene.37Immersereaderswithyourdescriptivewriting.Readerswantyoutotakethemonajourneywithyou.38Whatyouneedtodoisevoke（喚起）thefivesensesusingdescriptivewritingtechniques.Theuseofsimileandexpressivelanguagebringsthepiecetolifeandmakesthereadersfeellikethey’retravelingalongwithyou.Cherry-pickthedetailsthatwilltellthebeststory.39Tomakeastrongerpiece,youneedtofocusontherightstoriesanddetails,whichmeansknowingwhattoaddandwhatyoucanleaveout.Identifyingwhat’smostimportantandmostinterestingtoyouraudiencemakesformoreabsorbingwriting.40Youmightbeaskedtowriteaboutatopicyouaren’tfamiliarwithoryoumightneedtolearnmoreaboutaplace’shistoryorbackgroundtogiveyourpiecegreatercontext.Doingresearchinadvancewillallowyoutocreateanaccurateandwell-informedstory.Travelwritingallowsyoutosatisfyyourstrongdesirefortravelandmakealivingofit.Itisalsoawaytoconnectpeopleacrossculturesandgreatdistancesandbuildanappreciationfortheuniquenessanddiversityaroundus.A．Preparationiskey.B．Youdon’tnecessarilypayfortheirtrip.C．Makealivingbyworkingasatravelwriter.D．Adescriptivepieceshouldleaveoutthedetails.E．Fortravelwriters,itmightjustbeanotherdayonthejob.F．Toachievethis,youmightaswelltakeatravelwritingcourse.G．Thoughyoumayhaverecordedmanyinterestingdetails,youcan’tincludeeverything.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Lifecanchangeintheblinkofaneye.ForBridgettePonson,oneofthose41tookplaceintheparkinglotofherworkplace,LaytonChristianAcademy.Whileshewasintheparkinglotwithher2-year-oldboyand3-year-oldgirl,acar42them.Thisleftthemotherandherkids43beneaththecar.44,thedriverwasn’tgoingveryfastwhenshehitthem.Atthatmoment,shewasblindedbythesun—thisisthesuspected45oftheaccident.However,assoonasshe46whathadhappened,shejumpedoutofthecartohelp.Plus,shewasn’ttheonlyonewhocameto47Bridgetteandherkids.Soon,ChrisCrowder,CEOoftheschool,became48oftheaccident.Without49,herallied（召集）togetheragroupofstudentstohelp.“Itwasasplitsecond,”Chrisrecalls.“IimmediatelyjustranintotheclassroombuildingbecauseIknewIhadtogetalotofpeopletoliftthiscar.Wehaveabout22050kidsandover300internationalkidsattheschool.Theyjust51meshout.Allthesekidsfromdifferentcountriesjustcame52outandlifteditup.”AwholegroupofkidscouldbeseenworkingtogethertoliftthecarenoughforMomandherkidstoget53.The2-year-oldwasflowntoPrimaryChildren’sHospitalwhilethe3-year-oldandMomweretakenbyambulancetothehospital.AlthoughBridgetteandherkidssufferedfrom54,allthreeofthemare55tomakecompleterecoveries.41．A．discoveries B．observations C．explorations D．moments42．A．a(chǎn)pproached B．hit C．delighted D．confused43．A．searching B．waiting C．trapped D．tied44．A．Thankfully B．Honestly C．Absolutely D．Obviously45．A．witness B．cause C．victim D．damage46．A．learned B．realized C．recalled D．explained47．A．a(chǎn)ccompany B．treat C．save D．welcome48．A．a(chǎn)ware B．a(chǎn)fraid C．a(chǎn)shamed D．a(chǎn)pproving49．A．doubt B．wonder C．exception D．delay50．A．domestic B．energetic C．innocent D．ordinary51．A．made B．helped C．watched D．heard52．A．calling B．looking C．running D．climbing53．A．a(chǎn)head B．close C．free D．lost54．A．stress B．injuries C．hunger D．diseases55．A．expected B．determined C．a(chǎn)dvised D．reminded第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。In2017,whenBoninowasworkingforaSpanishe-commercecompanydoingbusinessinChile,shereceivedaninvitationfromChina56(participate)inaforum（論壇）abouttheBeltandRoadInitiative.In2013,Chinaproposedthisinitiativetoimprove57(connect)betweenthecountriesalongandbeyondtheancientSilkRoadroutes.By2023,22SouthAmericancountries,includingChile,58(join)theinitiative.Atfirst,Boninowashesitantabout59tripbecauseshehadanextremely60(limit)understandingofChina.HerreferencestothecountrywereonlytheChinatownsinafewcitiesaroundtheworld.Shesaid,“ButthenIfiguredthismightbealittledifferentfromwhatIknow.Andso,61theend,Iacceptedtheinvitation.”InJune2017,BoninovisitedChinaforthreeweeks,andfound62(her)pleasantlysurprised.Sherecalled,“IwascrazyaboutChina.Itfascinatedme.”Shewassoimpressed63shefoundawaytoreturnthatsameyearandeventuallygotamaster’sdegreeinbusinessadministrationinBeijing.After64(complete)hergraduatestudies,sheworkedinChinaforawhileanddiscoveredafewnew65(opportunity),allinall,livinginthecountryfrom2017to2019.Today,BoninomanagesLosAndesBeltroadfromChile,intheexportofcherriesandplumsfromtheAndesMountainstotheChinesemarket.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（