Unit5Whataretheshirtsmadeof?

(Period3)SectionA(GrammarFocus-4c)Talkaboutwhatthethingsaremadeof/fromandwheretheyweremade.A:Whatistheringmadeof?B:It’smadeofsilver.A:Andwherewasitmade?B:ItwasmadeinThailand.Talkaboutwhatthethingsaremadeof/fromandwheretheyweremade.A:Whatisthemodelplanemadeof?B:It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.A:WhereisteaproducedinChina?B:It’sproducedinmanydifferentareas.PairworkA:Thisringlookspretty.Isitmadeofsilver?B:Yes,anditwasmadeinThailand.A:Whataretheshirtsmadeof?B:Theyaremadeofcotton.A:Whereweretheymade?B:TheyweremadeintheUS.bossGermanysurfacematerialtrafficpostmancapglove老板；上司德國(guó)表面；表層材料；原料交通；路上行駛的車(chē)輛郵遞員（尤指有帽舌的）帽子（分手指的）手套n.

n.n.n.n.n.n.FindoutsomesentenceswithpassivevoiceinSectionA.如何使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型談?wù)撐锲返脑牧霞爱a(chǎn)地？NowreadGrammarFocusloudly.GrammarFocusAreyourshirtsmadeofcotton?Yes,theyare.AndtheyweremadeintheUS.What’sthemodelplanemadeof?It’smadeofusedwoodandglass.WhereisteaproducedinChina?It’sproduced

inmanydifferentareas.Howisteaproduced?Teaplantsaregrownonthesidesofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,theyarepickedbyhandandthenaresentforprocessing.ActiveVoice:PeoplegrowteainHangzhou.PassiveVoice:Teaisgrown(bypeople)inHangzhou.Canyoufindtherule?Observeanddiscussthesentencesingroups.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1．概述

英語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)——主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（ActiveVoice）和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（PassiveVoice）。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)的形式為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“be動(dòng)詞+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”，其中be動(dòng)詞有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)manypeople是speak動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者）

Englishisspokenbymanypeople.

（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)作speak的承受者）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)2．句式肯定式主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞(+by…).否定式主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+not+過(guò)去分詞(+by…).疑問(wèn)式Am/Is/Are+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(+by…)?Howisteaproduced?特殊疑問(wèn)詞+am/is/are+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞(+by…)?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)3．用法用法示例表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作Iamoftenaskedthequestionbymypupils.我經(jīng)常被我的學(xué)生問(wèn)起這個(gè)問(wèn)題。表示近期正在發(fā)生的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作Thesedayspeoplearemovedbyabravesoldier.這些日子人們都被一個(gè)勇敢的戰(zhàn)士感動(dòng)著。描述某種常態(tài)化的被動(dòng)的客觀事實(shí)Thespaceshipismainlycontrolledbycomputers.宇宙飛船主要是由計(jì)算機(jī)控制的。強(qiáng)調(diào)目前存在的針對(duì)行為主體人的被限制性動(dòng)作Youaren’tallowedtotakephotos.不允許你拍照。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)4．主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法第一步：將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)；第二步：將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)改為“be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)；第三步：將主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)改為介詞by的賓語(yǔ)，放在謂語(yǔ)之后（有時(shí)可省略）。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):They(主語(yǔ))

grow(謂語(yǔ))

teaplants(賓語(yǔ))inthesouth-eastofChina.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài):Teaplants(主語(yǔ))

aregrown(謂語(yǔ))

bytheminthesouth-eastofChina.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)提醒主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，在make、hear、see、watch和notice等詞后跟省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中to不可省略。e.g.McDulloftenmakeshisclassmateslaugh.

麥兜經(jīng)常讓他的同學(xué)們大笑。

→HisclassmatesareoftenmadetolaughbyMcDull.

同學(xué)們經(jīng)常被麥兜逗笑。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)典例1．Teenagershavetobe18yearsoldbeforethey______todriveacar.A．a(chǎn)reallowedB．a(chǎn)llowedC．willbeallowedD．a(chǎn)llow點(diǎn)撥可用語(yǔ)法判斷法解答本題。句意：青少年必須在18歲之后才被允許開(kāi)車(chē)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處表示“被動(dòng)”，且表示一般事實(shí)。因此，正確答案是A。A一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)典例2．—Whyareyouleavingyourjob?—Ican’tstanditanylonger.I______always______toworkovertime.A．a(chǎn)m;askingB．a(chǎn)m;askedC．was;askingD．was;asked點(diǎn)撥可用語(yǔ)法判斷法解答本題。句意為“你為什么要辭職”“我再也受不了了，我總是被要求加班”。asksb.todosth.“要求某人做某事”，這里sb.作主語(yǔ)，是ask的承受者，因此用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。由always可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。因此，正確答案是B。BCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.4a1．Childrenunder18_____________(notallow)towatchthisshowwithouttheirparents.2．We________(pay)bythebossonthelastFridayofeachmonth.3．A:Whatlanguage_________(speak)inGermany?B:MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.4．Mostoftheearth’ssurface__________(cover)bywater.5．Theclassroom__________(clean)bythestudentseveryday.aren’tallowedarepaidisspokeniscoverediscleanedRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.4b1．Farmersplanttheteaonthesidesofmountains.________________________________________________________2．Thisshopusesthebestmaterialstomakedresses.________________________________________________________3．Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents.________________________________________________________4．Thepostmanbringslettersandpostcardstopeople’shomes.________________________________________________________5．Ourfamilydoesnotusethissilverplateveryoften.________________________________________________________Theteaisplantedonthesidesofmountainsbyfarmers.Thebestmaterialsareusedtomakedressesbythisshop.

Lettersandpostcardsarebroughttopeople’shomesbythepostman.Manytrafficaccidentsarecausedbycarelessdriving.Thissilverplateisn’tusedveryoftenbyourfamily.Askfiveclassmatesaboutsomethingtheyarewearingorhaveintheirschoolbags.Thelistofwordsbelowmayhelpyou.4cpenciljacketsweaterT-shirtshoescapglovesringA:What’syourpencilmadeof?B:It’smadeofwood.A:Wherewasitmade?B:ItwasmadeinShanghai.PairworkWhat’syourjacketmadeof?It’smadeof…Wherewasitmade?Itwasmadein...PairworkWhatareyourshoesmadeof?Theyaremadeof…Whereweretheymade?Theyweremadein...1．WhatlanguageisspokeninGermany?在德國(guó)人們說(shuō)什么語(yǔ)言？Germany名詞，意為“德國(guó)”。.JudylivesinGermanywithherparentsnow.朱迪現(xiàn)在和父母住在德國(guó)。German的不同詞性及含義：拓展德國(guó)（人）的德語(yǔ)；德國(guó)人Germanadj.n.German“德國(guó)人”的復(fù)數(shù)是Germans。注意2．Carelessdrivingcausesmanytrafficaccidents.粗心駕駛導(dǎo)致很多交通事故。

（1）careless形容詞，意為“粗心的”，其反義詞為careful，意為“小心

的；細(xì)致的”。

.WangMingisaverycarelessboy.Healwaysmakescarlessmistakes.

王明是個(gè)很粗心的男孩，他總是犯粗心的錯(cuò)誤。以-less結(jié)尾的形容詞：拓展hopeless無(wú)望的；homeless無(wú)家可歸的；sleepless無(wú)眠的；useless無(wú)用的“名詞+-less”構(gòu)成的形容詞表示否定意義。提醒2．Carelessdrivingca