Module5TheGreatSportsPersonality關(guān)鍵單詞1.performvt.

做；執(zhí)行；推行;演出；演奏;正式進行；實施（某事）vi.

演出；表現(xiàn)；（機器）運轉(zhuǎn)Sheperformedperfectlyonthepiano.她鋼琴演奏十分出眾。Thesealsperformedwellatcircus.在馬戲團里，海豹演出得十分精彩。Ourteamperformedwellinthematchyesterday.我們隊在昨天比賽中表現(xiàn)得很出眾。慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：performone’spromise推行諾言performatask執(zhí)行任務(wù)第1頁performanexperiment/operation做試驗/手術(shù)performaceremony舉行儀式聯(lián)想拓展performancen.演出；推行；表現(xiàn)performern.演出者；推行者giveaperformance演出putonaperformance演出Theywillgiveaperformance/putonperformancesatthetheatre.他們將在那家劇院演出。TheThousand-handedGoddessofMercyisgenerallyconsideredagreatperformance.《千手觀音》被普遍認(rèn)為是一個很好節(jié)目。第2頁2.advantagen.優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)點。反義詞為disadvantage,意為“劣勢”。①n.［C］優(yōu)勢；優(yōu)點Ithasmoreadvantagesthandisadvantages.此事利多弊少。It’sanadvantageifyouknowhowtotype.假如你會打字，對你將有利。②n.［U］好處，益處(=benefit,profit)HegainedmuchadvantagefromhisvisittoLondon.他從倫敦之行中獲益匪淺。Therewillbenoadvantageinwaitinganylonger.再等下去，一點好處也沒有。慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：takeadvantageof利用……；坑騙；占……廉價have/gain/winanadvantageover對……占有優(yōu)勢；比某人強；占上風(fēng)第3頁toone’sadvantage=totheadvantageofsb.對某人有利beatadisadvantage處于不利地位havetheadvantageof有……優(yōu)點；較……有利Shetookadvantageofthechildren’sabsencetotidytheirrooms.她趁孩子們不在時收拾了他們房間。Inthefirsthalf,wehadtheadvantageovertheopposingteam.前半場，我們比對方占優(yōu)勢。It’llbetoyouradvantagetostudyabroad.到國外學(xué)習(xí)對你有利。Youhavetheadvantageofme,I’mafraid.您認(rèn)識我，我還不認(rèn)識您，失敬得很。(客套話)第4頁3.guaranteevt.擔(dān)保，確保，允諾n.確保；確保書；確保人；抵押物慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：guaranteesb.sth.=guaranteesth.tosb.向某人確保某事guaranteethat...確?！璯uaranteetodosth.確保做某事standguaranteeforsb.替某人擔(dān)保guaranteesb./sth.against/from確?！皇?免遭……guaranteefund確保金underguarantee在保修期內(nèi)Healtheducationisthefundamentalwaytoresistillnessandguaranteepeople’shealth.健康教育是抵抗疾病，確保人們健康根本路徑。Iguaranteetopayoffhisdebt.=IguaranteethatI’llpayoffhisdebt.我確保還清他債。第5頁Noschool,collegeoragencycanguaranteethatastudentwillfindsuitablework.沒有任何學(xué)校，學(xué)院或中介企業(yè)確保學(xué)生能夠找到適當(dāng)工作。Wealthisnotalwaysaguaranteeofhappiness.財富不一定是幸福確保。Icanoffermyhouseasaguarantee.我能夠拿我房子作抵押。4.scorev.

得分，贏得n.

得分，成績；二十；痕跡Ourteamwonbyascoreof5to2.我們隊以五比二獲勝。Myscoreonthetestwas95.我這次考試分?jǐn)?shù)是95分。Thereisabadscoreonthetable.桌子上有一道深深劃痕。Therewerethreescoreofvisitorswaitingoutside.有60位來訪者在外等候。第6頁慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：scoreasuccess/victory/win取得成功/勝利/獲勝scoreoffsb.使……丟臉；使啞口無言scoresth.out/through劃線刪去onthatscore關(guān)于那一點；為了這一點scoresof許多，大量（后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）聯(lián)想拓展score-board計分牌score-card計分卡scorern.

記分員；得分運動員Therearescoresofstudentsontheplayground.操場上有許多學(xué)生。注意：threescoreof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示“60個……”，而threescoreofthe+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示“……中60個”。Threescoreofstudentswereplayingontheplayground.60個學(xué)生在操場上玩耍。Threescoreofthestudentswereplayingontheplayground.那些學(xué)生中60人在操場上玩耍。第7頁5.protestv.&n.抗議，聲辯Sheprotestedthatshehadneverseentheaccusedmanbefore.她堅持說她以前從來沒見過這一被指控男子。Loudprotestswereheardwhenthedecisionwasannounced.這項決定一經(jīng)宣告，抗議之聲不絕于耳。慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：protestabout/at/againststh.反對某事物，對某事物提出異議underprotest（經(jīng)抗議后）心有不甘地Sheprotestedstronglyatbeingcalledasnob.她極力反對他人說她勢利眼。Theyareholdingarallytoprotestagainstthegovernment’sdefencepolicy.他們正舉行集會抗議政府防務(wù)政策。聯(lián)想拓展protestationn.主張，斷言protestern.

抗議者，反對者第8頁6.declarev.公告，宣告，申明慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：declaresth.宣告；申明declareagainst/for申明反對/贊成declaresth./sb.(tobe)斷言/宣告某事/人為……declarethat...宣告/公布……Doyouhaveanythingtodeclareforcustoms?你有任何物品要向海關(guān)申報嗎？Thegovernmenthasdeclaredastateofemergency.政府已經(jīng)宣告進入緊急狀態(tài)。Allthepeopledeclaredagainstthewar.全部人都申明反對戰(zhàn)爭。Thejudgedeclaredhimtobeinnocent/thathewasinnocent.法官宣告他無罪。Shedeclaredthatshedidn’twanttoseehimagain.她宣稱再也不愿見到他了。第9頁聯(lián)想拓展declarationn.宣告，公布declaredadj.

公開宣稱declaredlyadv.

公然地易混辨析announce/declareannounce指正式“公布；宣告”，側(cè)重預(yù)告人們關(guān)心或感興趣事情，尤指新聞。

declare指正式向公眾宣告，側(cè)重指“當(dāng)眾發(fā)表”或“鄭重地宣告、聲稱、申明（戰(zhàn)爭、和平、判決、意見等）”。Everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition.當(dāng)他宣告競賽獲勝者時，大家都靜了下來。ThegovernmentannounceditsneweconomicpoliciestothepubliconTV.政府經(jīng)過電視向公眾宣告了新經(jīng)濟政策。BritaindeclaredwaronGermanyon3rdSeptember,1939.英國于1939年9月3日對德國正式宣戰(zhàn)。Thechairmandeclaredthemeetingclosed.主席宣告會議結(jié)束。第10頁7.choicen.選擇慣用結(jié)構(gòu)：makeachoice/choices做出選擇atone’sownchoice出于自己選擇bychoice任意地；隨意地havenochoicebuttodosth./thereisnochoicebuttodosth.除……之外別無選擇（相當(dāng)于havenothingtodobutdosth./donothingbutdosth.)Hisunclemadeachoicetosettleinthecountryside.他叔叔決定在鄉(xiāng)下定居。Hehadnochoicebuttogohome.他除了回家別無選擇。Choosingusisnotyouronlychoicebutcertainlyisyourcorrectchoice!選擇我們不是你唯一選擇,但一定是你正確選擇！第11頁聯(lián)想拓展choice動詞形式為choose,其常見使用方法：chooseas/tobe...選擇……作為……choosebetween/fromsth.從……中選擇choosesb.sth.=choosesth.forsb.為某人挑選某物Theychoosehimastheirleader.他們選他當(dāng)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。Whowaschosen(tobe/as)theking?誰被選做國王？Youcanchoosethreequestionsfromthefiveontheexampaper.試卷上共有五個問題，請選三個作答。Theychosetoresignratherthanworkforthenewmanager.他們寧可辭職也不愿為那個新上任經(jīng)理效力。第12頁重點短語8.togetherwith和;加之;連同Hesentmesomeflowerstogetherwithaloveletter.他送我一些花，還附帶一封情書。He,togetherwithhisparentsgoestoparkeverySunday.他和父母每個星期天都去公園。聯(lián)想拓展當(dāng)主語后面跟有togetherwith引導(dǎo)短語時，謂語動詞形式要與前一個主語保持一致。類似詞和短語還有：with,alongwith,aswellas,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,inadditionto等。Henry，ratherthanJaneandJohn,isresponsiblefortheloss.損失責(zé)任應(yīng)該由亨利而不是由簡和約翰來負(fù)擔(dān)。Theteacherwithtwostudentswasatthemeeting.那位老師還有兩個學(xué)生參加了會議。第13頁9.ontheincrease正在增加Ourdemandforthisproductissteadilyontheincrease.我們對該產(chǎn)品需求正穩(wěn)步地增加。Thetechnicalcooperationandculturalexchangebetweenthetwocountriesareontheincrease.技術(shù)合作和文化交流在兩國之間正在增加。10.upto①(數(shù)目上)一直到;多達Hisincomeisupto2,000yuanamonth.他收入每個月元。②(時間上)到;一直到Helivesinthecountryuptonow.他一直住在鄉(xiāng)下。③從事;忙于;計劃著—Whatisheuptonow?——他在搗什么鬼？—He’suptonogood.——他不懷好意

第14頁④勝任;適于Heiswelluptohiswork.他完全勝任這份工作。⑤……責(zé)任;輪到……It’suptometohelphimwithhisEnglish.該由我?guī)退a習(xí)英語了。11.risetoone’sfeet站起身，站起來Herosetohisfeettothankallthelisteners.他站起來感激全部聽眾。Tomroseunsteadilytohisfeettoreplytothespeechofwelcome.湯姆搖搖擺晃地站起身往返應(yīng)著歡迎辭。聯(lián)想拓展onone’sfeet站著;恢復(fù)健康struggletoone’sfeet掙扎著站起來standonone’sfeet獨立自主，自立jumptoone’sfeet跳起setfooton進入;踏上have/keepone’sfeetontheground重視實際;腳踏實地第15頁12.bethoughttobe被認(rèn)為是……；人們認(rèn)為……,后可接名詞或形容詞，也可用作bethoughttodo結(jié)構(gòu)。Heisthoughttobeanhonestman.人們認(rèn)為他是個老實人。聯(lián)想拓展Itis+過去分詞+that...相當(dāng)于sb.be+過去分詞+todoItissaidthat...聽說……Itisbelievedthat...人們相信……Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報道……Itiswell-knownthat...眾所周知……Itisgenerallyconsidered/thoughtthat...人們普遍認(rèn)為……Itwasreportedthathehadwonthegame.=Hewasreportedtohavewonthegame.據(jù)報道他贏了這場比賽。Itisthoughtthatheisanhonestman.=Heisthoughttobeanhonestman.人們認(rèn)為他是個老實人。第16頁重點句型13.Butevenifhehadwoneverythingitwaspossibletowininhissport,LiNingretiredwiththefeelingthathehadfailed.即使是已經(jīng)贏得了在自己運動項目上所能贏得一切，李寧還是帶著一個失敗感覺退了役。①Itwaspossibletowininhissport是定語從句，修飾先行詞everything。Itis+adj.+forsb.+todo...這個結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞經(jīng)常是easy,difficult,hard,important,necessary等，常與事物特征相關(guān)。Itisdifficultfortheboytoworkouttheproblem.處理這個問題對這個男孩而言極難。ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語對我們而言很主要。②從句thathehadfailed是同位語從句，深入補充說明feeling含義。Itis+adj.+ofsb.+todo...這個結(jié)構(gòu)形容詞經(jīng)常是good,kind,nice,wrong,clever,silly,(im)polite等，常與人性格特點相關(guān)。第17頁It’sverykindofyoutohelpme.你能幫我，真好。Itwasimpoliteofhimtospeaktotheteacherlikethat.對老師那樣說話，他太沒禮貌了。Itiswrongofyoutolaughatthedisabledboy.嘲笑這個殘疾男孩是不正確。14.Butitwasthissenseoffailurethatmadehimdeterminedtosucceedinhisnewlife.

但就是這種失敗感使他決心在新生活中取得成功。此句是強調(diào)句型。強調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)形式為“It+be適當(dāng)形式+被強調(diào)成份+that/who+其它”。在該句型中,it無實際意義,且不可用this或that替換;若原句謂語用了現(xiàn)在時或未來時,則be動詞用is;若原句謂語動詞用了過去時,則be動詞用was。有時為了表示需要,也可在be前加上may/might/must等情態(tài)動詞；若被強調(diào)部分是人,引導(dǎo)詞可用who或that；若是強調(diào)其它部分,則一律用that。翻譯時常加上“正是……；就是……”等字眼,以表現(xiàn)其強調(diào)含義。第18頁ItwasthefilmHEROthatmadehimknowZhangYimou.就是電影《英雄》使他認(rèn)識了張藝謀。注意:這個句型能夠用來強調(diào)一個句子中除了謂語以外任何成份。ItwasIthat/whometJohninthestreetyesterday.（強調(diào)主語）ItwasJohnthat/whoImetinthestreetyesterday.（強調(diào)賓語）ItwasinthestreetthatImetJohnyesterday.(強調(diào)地點狀語)ItwasyesterdaythatImetJohninthestreet.(強調(diào)時間狀語)聯(lián)想拓展強調(diào)句型疑問句有：普通疑問句：Is/Wasit...that...?Wasityouthat/whometJohninthestreetyesterday?特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+普通疑問句?WhowasitthatmetJohninthestreetyesterday?注意：強調(diào)句除強調(diào)人能夠用who之外，其余都要用that。第19頁15.WheneverChineseathletesstepoutontothetrackduringtheOlympics,theywillbewearingLiNingtracksuit.

中國運動員不論何時踏上奧運會賽場，他們都將穿著李寧運動服。這是一個讓步狀語從句，whenever,whatever,however,whoever,wherever,whichever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于nomatter+when/what/how/who/where/which。Whereveryougo,I’llgowithyou.=Nomatterwhereyougo,I’llgowithyou.不論你去哪里，我都要和你一起去。Howeverhardhetries,hewon’tbeabletowinthefirstprize.=Nomatterhowhardhetries,hewon’tbeabletowinthefirstprize.不論他多么努力，他都不可能贏得第一名。注意:當(dāng)引導(dǎo)名詞從句時只能用whatever,whoever,whichever。Whoevercomeslatewillbepunished.遲到者將受罰。Neverbelievewhateverhesays.He’saliar.不要相信他說話，他是個騙子。第20頁Ⅰ.利用構(gòu)詞法，品句填詞

His_______aunttoldhimnotto_______thewoundtootightly.(age)

答案:aged;bandage第21頁

詞根

后綴名詞pass經(jīng)過agepassage__1__cart用車裝載__2__運費short短__3__不足，缺乏marry結(jié)婚marriage__4__break打破__5__破損bond結(jié)合bondage奴役bag包baggage行李lug用力拖拉__6__行李mile英里mileage英里數(shù)post郵遞__7__郵費Ⅱ.串聯(lián)擴展在橫線上填入適當(dāng)單詞第22頁答案:1.走廊，通道2.cartage3.shortage4.婚姻5.breakage6.luggage7.postage第23頁和天堂相正確有還有黃泉、往生門扉等。黃泉可能是中國宗教信仰中最早出現(xiàn)陰間往生門扉概念。以后，漢代出現(xiàn)了道教中陰曹往生門扉，佛教傳入后受其影響在道教原有惡曹地獄基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)展出了系統(tǒng)地獄體系，即十八層地獄。往生門扉概念大于地獄，陰間概念又大于往生門扉。陰間泛指亡魂所在空間，因而不局限于往生門扉，甚或可能和地上人間在空間上重合而人無法感知；地獄特指囚禁和處罰生前罪孽深重