UNIT3SPORTSANDFITNESSⅠ.閱讀理解AIfreducingstresshasbeenonyoursummer-to-dolist,there’sonepowerfulthingyoucanstilldobeforetheseasonends:getinthehabitoftakingawalkoutsidewithafriend.Aquickwalkinnaturewithafriendcombinesthreeofthemosteffectivestress-reducingandresilience(恢復(fù)力)buildingtechniques:physicalexercise,spendingtimeinnatureandsocialconnection.Theactivityworksbyhelpingnormalizethehormonalchangesthatresultfromlongtimestressandenhancingtheemotionalresourcesthathelpuscope.Walkingquicklyactivates(激活)thebody’sstressresponse.Andwhenthewalkisover,thestresssystemcomesbackdowntothebaseline.Regularexercisehelpsyourstressresponsebecomemoreefficient,saysJenniferHeisz,associateprofessoratMcMasterUniversity.Aslittleas10minutesofsittingorwalkinginnaturecandecreaseaperson’sheartrate,bloodpressureandcortisollevels,aswellasself-reportedstresslevels.Onepossibleexplanation,theresearcherssay,isthatspendingtimeinnaturelowerstheactivityofoursympatheticnervoussystem,whichregulatesstresshormones,andtapsintotheparasympathetic(副交感)nervoussystem,whichpromotesourcalmandrelaxationresponses.Takingthathikewithalovedonecanfurtherreducestressbyaddingtheimportantelementofsocialconnection.Talkingwithtrustedfriendshelpspeopleprocessstressfuleventsandliftsself-esteem.Socialsupporthaspositiveeffectsonthebrainandbody,scientificresearchfinds.Earlierthisyear,CassieMorenowasinarutofstressandanxiety.Shewasstartinganewjob,strugglingtomakenewfriendsduringthepandemic,andgoingthroughabreakup.StrollingalongtheHudsonRiverwithotherwomen,the26-year-oldMainenativesaysshefeltanimmediatesurgeofconfidenceandcalm.“Lookatthewater!LookattheStatueofLiberty!Howdidwegetthislucky?”shesays.1.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Toexplainarule.B.Toclarifyanargument.C.Topresentafact.D.Tointroduceatopic.2.Whatisanadvantageofspendingtimeinnature?A.Reducingbloodpressure.B.Liftingself-esteem.C.Raisingstresshormones.D.Activatingthenervoussystem.3.WhatdoesCassieMoreno’sremarkinthelastparagraphindicate?A.Shewasrefreshedwithconfidence.B.Shewasinastateofstressandanxiety.C.Shewasstrugglingthroughahardtime.D.Shewasamazedbythefantasticscenery.4.Howisthepassagedeveloped?A.Bygivingexplanations.B.Bymakingcomparisons.C.Bylistingexamples.D.Byprovingassumptions.BThePAL-VLibertyisarevolutionaryvehiclethatcantravelonbothlandandair.Itistheworld’sfirstcommercialflyingcar,anditisnowavailableforpre-order.ThePAL-VLibertyisdevelopedbyaDutchcompanycalledPAL-VInternationalB.V.,whichstandsforPersonalAirandLandVehicle.Thecompanyhasbeenworkingontheprojectsince2001,andhassuccessfullytestedtheprototypein2012.ThePAL-VLibertyisatwo-seaterhybridcarandgyroplane,whichmeansithasathree-wheeledchassisandafoldablerotorontop.Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,withthehelpofasemi-automaticsystem.Ithasatopspeedof160km/hontheroadand180km/hintheair,andcanflyupto500kmonasingletankoffuel.Itusesregulargasoline,andcanberefueledatanygasstation.ThePAL-VLibertyisexpectedtobedeliveredtocustomersin2023,alterobtainingthenecessarycertificationsfromaviationauthorities.Thecompanyclaimsthatthevehiclemeetstheexistingregulationsofbothcarsandaircrafts,andthatitissafeandeasytooperate.However,thePAL-VLibertyisnotacheapvehicle,norisitaccessibletoeveryone.Itcosts599,000euros(about4.7millionyuan)forthePioneerEdition,whichincludesflighttrainingcourses,powerheatingandpersonalizationoptions.ThereisalsoacheaperSportEdition,whichcosts299,000euros(about2.3millionyuan),butithaslessfeaturesandrequiresthebuyertopayanadditional10,000euros(about78,000yuan)forflighttraining.TodrivethePAL-VLiberty,oneneedsbothadrivinglicenseandapilotlicense.Thevehiclealsorequiresarunwayorairstriptotakeoffandland,asitcannotdosoverticallylikeahelicopter.Thecompanysaysithasreceived70ordersforthevehiclesofar,mostlyfromcustomersinEuropeandNorthAmerica.ThePAL-VLibertyisagroundbreakinginnovationthatcouldchangethefutureoftransportation,butitalsofacesmanychallengesandlimitations.

5.What’sthelimitationofthePioneerEditionofthePAL-VLiberty?A.Lackofcustomizedselection.B.Failuretolandandtakeoffvertically.C.Extramoneytobepaidforflighttraining.D.Disagreementwiththeexistingtrafficrules.6.Whatcanweinferaboutfromthepassage?A.ThePAL-VLibertyhasbeenusedinourdailylife.B.Ifyouhaveapilotlicense,youcandrivethePAL-VLiberty.C.Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinashorttime.D.TheSportEditionhasmoreattractivefeaturesthanthePioneerEdition.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthePAL-VLiberty?A.Favorable. B.Skeptical.C.Objective. D.Indifferent.8.Whatisthebesttitleforthearticle?A.TheDutchInnovationB.TheFutureofTransportationC.TheHybridCarandtheGyroplaneD.TheWorld’sFirstCommercialFlyingCarⅡ.完形填空Ihavegrownupinafootball-lovingfamily.MyeldersisterStevie1withCreweAlexandraGirlsforayearortwoasaleftbackjustlikeourheroJamieCarragher.

IremembertheexactmomentwhenItoldmydadIwas2indoingwhatmybigsisterdid.Iwaswatchingthegamewithhiminthelivingroomanditjust3:“Itmakesme4thatIcan’tbeafootballer.”Heaskedwhynot,andIanswered,“BecauseI’mnotaboy.”

He5respondedbytellingmethatwomen’sfootballwas“great”andthatIcouldplayifIwantedto.“Yeah,Isupposeso,”Iresponded,“butnoone6women’sfootball.”Lookingback,IcanseeexactlywhyIfeltlikethat.

Atschool,therewasanunwrittenrulethatsportslikerugbyandfootballwereforthe7.I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTVandtheonly8athletesI’dheardofwereintheOlympics.

Today,theEnglandLionesses(英格蘭母獅隊(duì))will9ScotlandintheWorldCup,andpeopleacrosstheworldwilltunein.Althoughwomen’sfootballhas10tobeoneofFIFA’sinvestments,themajorityoffemaleplayersintoptiersareearningunderwhatanyonewouldconsiderafair11,andonly￡24millionprizemoneywasawardedtothewomen’sWorldCupvictorsin12with￡315milliontothemen’s.That’savast13.

Today,I’llbe14theLionessesandthesong“It’scominghome”willmeanmorethistimearound,becauseit’llmeantalented,skillfulfemalefootballersbeing15intomillionsofhomesandmaybe,justmaybe,alittlegirlbelievingthatshecanalsobeaLionessoneday.

1.A.talkedB.trainedC.lived D.stood2.A.tough B.richC.interested D.concerned3.A.shoutedout B.broughtupC.cameout D.showedup4.A.sad B.surprisedC.scared D.satisfied5.A.eventually B.completelyC.immediately D.temporarily6.A.plays B.knowsC.likes D.watches7.A.students B.girlsC.teachers D.boys8.A.foreign B.femaleC.young D.top9.A.takeon B.putonC.pickup D.holdup10.A.turnedon B.turnedoutC.turnedover D.turneddown11.A.deal B.chargeC.share D.wage12.A.comparison B.lineC.cooperation D.competition13.A.change B.differenceC.choice D.disaster14.A.cheeringon B.agreeingonC.relyingon D.actingon15.A.delivered B.transportedC.broadcast D.permittedⅢ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Thefourmountainclimberswerestillbreathingheavilyastheylookedoutintothedistance.Theviewsfromthetopofthemountainwerebreathtaking.Inalldirections,valleys,forestsandothermountainswerelaidoutbeforethem.Theycouldevenseethesmallwoodenhousesofthevillagewheretheyhadspentthenightandtheroutetheyhadtakentoreachthetopofthissmallbutdangerousmountain.Laughingloudly,theyweresurprisedattheircourageinclimbingsuchasteepandrockymountainslope.Filledwithanenormoussenseofachievement,thefouryoungclimberspattedeachotherontheback.Astheotherthreecontinuedtoenjoytheviews,Jason,theleaderofthegroup,staredatthehorizonwithatroubledlookonhisface.“Whatisit,Jason?”Sofia,theyoungestofthegroup,asked.“Thosedarkcloudsinthedistancemeanaheavystormisfastontheway,”Jasonreplied.Herememberedthevillagershadwarnedhimoftheunpredictableweatherconditionsontopofthemountainandthataterriblestormcouldappearfromnowhere.“Butit’ssowarmandsunnyhere.Idon’tthinkthestormiscomingthisway,”Sofiasaid,moreinhopethanexpectation.However,Jasonfearedtheworstandknewonlytoowellwhatwouldhappenifthestormcaughtthemintheopen.Headdressedthegroupinacalmbutserioustone,“Ifthestormhitsus,thetemperaturewillfalldramatically.Therainandmistwillmakeitdifficultforustoseewherewearegoingandwecouldeasilygetlostorfalloffacliff.Thewindwilltakeourstrength,soweneedtogetmovingfast.”Thefourmountainclimberspackeduptheirfacilitiesandimmediatelystartedbackdownthemountain.Unfortunately,despitetheirbestefforts,thestormwasuponthemsoonerthanexpected.Thewindscreamedintheirears,thedrivingrainstung(刺痛)theireyesandthemistmadeitimpossibleforthemtoseeclearly.注意:1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150個(gè)左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Withitgettingdark,Jasondecidedthatitwasjusttoodangeroustocontinue.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finally,thestormshowedsignsofstoppingandtheclimbersdecidedtocontinuetheirwaydownthemountain.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了在大自然中快速行走有益于身心健康。1.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Aquickwalkinnaturewithafriendcombinesthreeofthemosteffectivestress-reducingandresiliencebuildingtechniques:physicalexercise,spendingtimeinnatureandsocialconnection.”可知,此處是要回答上文的問(wèn)題,可推斷出,此處要闡釋上文提出的觀點(diǎn)。2.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的“Aslittleas10minutesofsittingorwalkinginnaturecandecreaseaperson’sheartrate,bloodpressureandcortisollevels,aswellasself-reportedstresslevels.”可知,在大自然中能降低血壓水平,故選A項(xiàng)。3.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“StrollingalongtheHudsonRiverwithotherwomen,the26-year-oldMainenativesaysshefeltanimmediatesurgeofconfidenceandcalm.”可推斷出,CassieMoreno感到信心十足,精神抖擻。4.A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Ifreducingstress...outsidewithafriend.”,第二段的“Aquickwalkinnature...andsocialconnection.”,第四段的“Aslittleas10minutes...aswellasself-reportedstresslevels.”以及倒數(shù)第二段的“StrollingalongtheHudsonRiverwithotherwomen,the26-year-oldMainenativesaysshefeltanimmediatesurgeofconfidenceandcalm.”可知,本文在開(kāi)頭提出概念,后續(xù)段落對(duì)這一概念進(jìn)行解釋,使用了解釋概念的方式,故選A項(xiàng)。【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章介紹了PAL-VLiberty是一種革命性的交通工具,可以在陸地和空中行駛,這是世界上第一輛商用飛行汽車(chē),目前已可預(yù)訂。5.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“TodrivethePAL-VLiberty,oneneedsbothadrivinglicenseandapilotlicense.Thevehiclealsorequiresarunwayorairstriptotakeoffandland,asitcannotdosoverticallylikeahelicopter.”可知,先鋒版的PAL-VLiberty的限制是不能垂直降落和起飛。6.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,withthehelpofasemi-automaticsystem.”可知,PAL-VLiberty可以在短時(shí)間內(nèi)在駕駛和飛行模式之間切換。7.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Itcanswitchbetweendrivingmodeandflyingmodeinabout10minutes,...canberefueledatanygasstation.”以及第三段中“However,thePAL-VLibertyisnotacheapvehicle,norisit...forflighttraining.”可知,作者只是客觀地描述了PAL-VLiberty的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),包括它的時(shí)速以及價(jià)格。8.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“ThePAL-VLibertyisarevolutionaryvehiclethatcantravelon...whichstandsforPersonalAirandLandVehicle.”以及后文可知,本文主要介紹了PAL-VLiberty的性能和價(jià)格,所以D項(xiàng)“TheWorld’sFirstCommercialFlyingCar(世界上第一輛商用飛行汽車(chē))”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇睆男釔?ài)足球,但是因?yàn)榕栽谧闱虮荣愔性庥龅牟还酱龆械綒怵H。如今英格蘭母獅隊(duì)將在世界杯上迎戰(zhàn)蘇格蘭隊(duì),全世界的人們都將收看比賽,這讓“我”感到振奮,也堅(jiān)定了想要從事足球運(yùn)動(dòng)的決心。1.B根據(jù)“withCreweAlexandraGirlsforayearortwoasaleftback”可知,此處是指在克魯亞歷山德拉女孩隊(duì)作為左后衛(wèi)訓(xùn)練了一兩年。故選B項(xiàng)。2.C根據(jù)下文“bytellingmethatwomen’sfootballwas‘great’andthatIcouldplayifIwantedto”可知,此處是指“我”對(duì)姐姐做的事情感興趣。故選C項(xiàng)。3.C根據(jù)“ItmakesmethatIcan’tbeafootballer.”可知,此處是指“我”表態(tài)。故選C項(xiàng)。

4.A根據(jù)上文“Iwasindoingwhatmybigsisterdid”可知,此處是指不能成為一名足球運(yùn)動(dòng)員讓“我”很難過(guò)。故選A項(xiàng)。

5.C根據(jù)“bytellingmethatwomen’sfootballwas‘great’andthatIcouldplayifIwantedto”可知,此處是指他立即回應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。6.D根據(jù)下文“I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTV”可知,此處是指“我”覺(jué)得沒(méi)人看女足。故選D項(xiàng)。7.D根據(jù)下文“I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTV(我從來(lái)沒(méi)有在電視上看過(guò)女子足球比賽)”可知,此處是指橄欖球和足球等運(yùn)動(dòng)是男孩的事。8.B根據(jù)“I’dneverseenawomen’sfootballmatchonTV”可知,此處是指聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)的唯一的女運(yùn)動(dòng)員。9.A根據(jù)“ScotlandintheWorldCup”可知,此處是指英格蘭母獅隊(duì)將在世界杯上迎戰(zhàn)蘇格蘭隊(duì)。故選A項(xiàng)。10.B根據(jù)“women’sfootballhastobeoneofFIFA’sinvestments”可知,turnedout符合句意。故選B項(xiàng)。

11.D根據(jù)“andonly￡24millionprizemoneywasawardedtothewomen’sWorldCupvictors”可知,此處是指大多數(shù)頂級(jí)女足球員的收入都低于人們所認(rèn)為的公平工資。故選D項(xiàng)。12.A根據(jù)“only￡24millionprizemoneywasawardedtothewomen’sWorldCupvictors”和“with￡3