單元質(zhì)量檢測(五)(時間：100分鐘滿分：120分)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。AGoodafternoon,andweletoEngland.Wehopethatyourvisitherewillbeapleasantone.Today,Iwouldliketodrawyourattentiontoafewofourlaws.Thefirstoneisaboutdrinking.Now,youmaynotbuyalcoholinthiscountry.Ifyouareunder18yearsofage,normayyourfriendsbuyitforyou.Secondly,noise.Enjoyyourselvesbyallmeans,butpleasedon'tmakeunnecessarynoise,particularlyatnight.Weaskyoutorespectotherpeoplewhomaywishtobequiet.Thirdly,crossingtheroad.Becareful！Thetrafficmovesontheleftsideoftheroadinthiscountry.Usepedestriancrossingsanddonottakeanychanceswhencrossingtheroad.Mynextpointisaboutlitter(throwingawaywastematerialinapublicplace)．Itisanoffence(違法行為)todroplitterinthestreet.Whenyouhavesomethingtothrowaway,pleaseputitinyourpocketandtakeithome，orputitinalitterbin.Finally,asregardssomething,itisagainstthelawtobuycigarettesortobacco(煙草)ifyouareunder16yearsofage.I'dliketofinishbysayingthatifyourequireanysortofhelporassistance,youshouldcontactyourlocalpolice，whowillbepleasedtohelpyou.Now,arethereanyquestions?1．Themainpurposeofthisspeechwouldbeto________．A．preparepeopleforinternationaltravelB．declarethelawsofdifferentkindsC．giveadvicetotravelerstothecountryD．informpeopleofthepunishmentforbreakinglaws2．Theunderlinedword“contact”inthe7thparagraphmeans“________”．A．keepintouchwithB．joinC．reportD．getintouchwith3．Fromthespeechwelearnthat________．A．inthiscountry,ifyouareunder18yearsofage,youmaynotbuyalcohol,butyourfriendcanbuyitforyouB．youmaynotbuycigarettesortobaccounlessyouareabove16yearsofageC．becausethetrafficmovesontheleftsideoftheroad，youmustusepedestriancrossingswhencrossingtheroadD．youcan'tmakenoiseexceptatnightBEveniftreescannotwalk,theyarestillonthemove.InpartsoftheArctic,entireforestsaremovingnorthward.AcrosstheArctic,temperaturesarerisingfasterthananywhereelseintheworld.Asthathappens,thetreelinethatmarkswhereforestsstopandthetreelesstundra(凍原)startshasbeenshiftingnorthward.Treesgrowingalongthetreelinemustprotectthemselvesfromthecoldwind.Todothis,_plantstendtogrowhorizontal(水平的)brancheslowtotheground.Theenergyittakesfortreestogrowthiswaymeanstheydon'thaveenoughenergytomakeseeds.ButasEarth'sclimatehasbeenwarming,treesnolongerhavetojustgrowhorizontally.Manycaninsteadgrowuptowardthesky.Thistakeslessenergy.Andwithallthatleftoverenergy,thesetreeshavestartedproducingmoreseeds.Thishappensespeciallyinplaceswherewhitespruce(白云杉)grows.Whitespruce,whichisaNorthAmericantree,isquiteabletoproducealotofseeds,whichcanmovelongdistancesinthewind.Whenwind-blownseedsenduponthetundrabeyondthetreeline,theyeventuallycansprout(發(fā)芽)newtrees.Thisexplainshowaforestcanmove.Ofcourse,theprocesswouldworkonlyifthetundrawerewarmenough.Butinrecentyears,thewholeplanethasbeenwarming.Newtreeswillprovidesheltersforsomesnow.Keepingthesun'sraysfrommakingthewhitesurfacedisappear.Instead,thetreesabsorbthesun'sheat.Thiswarmsthesurroundingair.Theextrawarmthencouragesevenmoretreestoproduceseeds.Thatfurtherboostsaforest'sabilitytoexpand.Inaddition,moretreeswilltrapmoresnow,preventingmuchofitfrombeingblownaway.Snowcantrapheatinthesoilbelow,whichencouragestreestogrow.Therecentriseoftemperatureshashelpedmoretreesgrowpastthetreeline.Peopleworryaboutimpactsontheanimalsthatdependonfrozenconditionsforfoodandshelter.4．WhatisthemaincauseofthetreesintheArcticmovingnorthward?A．Theshrinkingofnortherntundra.B．Therisingtemperature.C．Thefierceandcoldwind.D．Theabundantresourcesinthenorth.5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2mean?A．Toproducemoreseeds.B．Tomovenorthward.C．Torespondtotheclimatechange.D．Toprotectthemselvesfromthecoldwind.6．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Newtreescantrapthesnow,whichmaymakethesoilcolder.B．Thetrappedsnowpreventsnewtreesfromproducingmoreseeds.C．Newtreescanmakethesurroundingairwarmer.D．Newtreescanbringmorefoodandshelterforlocalanimals.7．Thepassageismostprobablytakenfrom________．A．a(chǎn)sciencereportB．a(chǎn)healthreportC．a(chǎn)fashionmagazineD．a(chǎn)children'smagazineCLastweekIvisitedmyfriendPeterinthenewhomewhereheliveswithhiswifeanddaughter.Peterusedtospendhisholidaystravellingtheworld,visitingthepyramidsinEgyptorscubadiving(潛水)intheCaribbean.Nowadayshepreferstospendhisholidaysandweekendsmakinghishouselookmorebeautiful.LikehundredsofthousandsofotherBritishpeople,hehasdiscoveredthejoyofDIY(DoItYourself),whichmeansifthereareanythingsthatneedfixingaroundthehouse,hewilltrytodothejobhimself.Asheshowedmethenewkitchenheputtogetherbyhimselfandthenewlypaintedwalls,IaskedPeterwherehegothisinspiration(靈感)from.HetoldmethathisfavoritesourceofideaswasaDIYprogramonTV.ThisgotmethinkingaboutthegreatpopularityofDIYprogramsintheUK.Eachmajorchannelhasatleastonehomeorgardenimprovingshowandthere'sevenasatellitechannelpletelyaboutthesubject.IguessitisnotreallysurprisingthatDIYprogramsaresopopular.TwomonsayingsinBritain—“anEnglishman'shomeishiscastle”and“there'snoplacelikehome”—showhowimportantourhousesaretous.Withthepresenteconomicdownturn,manypeoplecan'taffordtobuyabiggerhousesotheyarelookingathowtheycanmaketheirhousebetterwithoutspendingalotofmoney.DIYistheperfectchoice.Butbecareful!Ireadareportthatsaidover230，000peoplewereinjuredwhiledoinghomeimprovementsintheUKinjustoneyear,including41，000whofelloffladders(梯子)and5，800whowereseriouslyhurtbyhammers.SoIwon'tbegoingdowntothehardwarestore.8．HowdidPeterspendhisholidayinthepast?A．Visitinghisfriends.B．Diving.C．Travellingaroundtheworld.D．Makinghishousebeautiful.9．WhichmightNOTbeshowninaDIYprogramonTV?A．Scubadiving.B．Agardenimprovingfeature.C．Homeimprovements.D．Fixingthingsinkitchens10．WhichisNOTthereasonwhyDIYispopularamongBritishpeople?A．TheyenjoyDIY.B．Theywanttomaketheirhousesbetterthemselves.C．Theycanimprovetheirhouseswithoutspendingmuchmoney.D．TheywanttobeonTV.11．Attheendofthearticlethewriterwantsustoremember________．A．nottogotothehardwarestoreB．tobecarefulnottogethurtwhiledoingDIYC．tokeepwatchingDIYonTVwhiledrinkinganicecupofteaD．nottoclimbladdersorusehammersDWhatareyougoingtodoifyouareinaburninghouse?Howwillyouescape?Doyouknowhowtosaveyourself?Pleasereadthefollowingpassage.Escapingfromafireisaseriousmatter.Knowingwhattododuringafirecansaveyourlife.Itisimportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuseandshowthemtoeveryoneinthefamily,suchasstairways(樓梯)andfireescapes,butnotlifts.Fromthelowerfloorsofthebuildings,escapingthroughwindowsispossible.Learnthebestwayofleavingthroughwindowswiththeleastchanceofseriousinjury(傷害).Thesecondfloorwindowisusuallynotveryhighfromtheground.Anaverage(平均高度的)person,hangingbythefinger-tips(手指尖)willhaveadropofaboutsixfeettotheground.Itisabouttheheightofanaverageman.Ofcourse,itissafertojumpashortwaythantostayinaburningbuilding.Windowsarealsousefulwhenyouarewaitingforhelp.Besuretokeepthedoorclosed.Orsmokeandfiremaybedrawnintotheroom.Keepyourheadlowatthewindowtobesureyougetfreshairratherthansmokethatmayhaveleaked(泄露)intotheroom.Onasecondorthirdfloor,thebestwindowsforescapearethosewhichopenontoaroof(屋頂).Fromtheroofapersoncandroptothegroundmoresafely.Droppingontohardgroundmightendininjury.Bushes(灌木叢)andgrasscanhelptobreakafall.12．Itisimportantto________.A．putoutthefireintheburninghouseB．knowthewaystoescapethefireC．jumpoffaburninghouseD．keepthedoorclosed13．Itispossibletoescapethroughthewindows________.A．iftherearesomebushesonthegroundB．ifyouarestrongenoughC．ifyouliveonalowerfloorD．ifyouhavealongrope14．WhichofthefollowingescapingwayisNOTright?A．Youcanescapethoughstairways.B．Youcanchoosefireescapes.C．Escapefromthewindowsthatopenontoaroof.D．Usealifttoedownatonce.15．Openthewindowsothatyoucan________ifthebuildingisonfire.A．getfreshairB．callforhelpC．easilyjumpoffD．beseenfirstⅡ.任務(wù)型閱讀(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whatisthesecretofwritingagoodletter?Herearetwomainones.Don'ttrytobefancy.Don'ttrytoimpressyourreader.YouwillbesuccessfullyifyoufollowthesesixCs.Clear.16.________Makethemeasytounderstand.Talkasifthereaderisrighttherewithyou.Correct.17.________Don'tguess,evenforspelling.Refertoyourdictionary.Ifyouneedto,checkareferencebook,too.plete(完整的).Don'tscatter(分散)yourpoints.18.________Thisisgoodorganization,too.Concise(簡潔的)．Makeeachpointasclearlyandbrieflyasyoucan.Conversational.Thisisreallythesecretofgoodwriting.19.________Suchaletterhasanatural,friendlytone(語調(diào))andletsyouethroughnaturally.Considerate(體貼的)．Thinkofthereaders'pointofviewasyouwrite.Writeaboutwhatyoubelievethereaderneedsorwantstoknow.Trytobehelpful.20.______A．Just“talk”totheperson.B．Thiswillbuildgoodfeelingtowardyou.C．Useshort,directsentences.D．Includelongsentencesinyourletter.E．Makesurewhatyousayiscorrect.F．Writingshouldnotbetakentooseriously.G．Finishonepointpletelybeforegoingontothenext.Ⅲ.完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Asanairportskycap(搬運工)checkedthroughacustomer,heaccidentallyknockedovertheman'sluggage.He__21__collectedthefallenbagsandmadea(n)__22__.However,thetravelergotveryangryand__23__attheskycapforhiscarelessness.Worsestill,he__24__toblametheskycap,evenasheturnedawayand__25__hisgate.Throughitall,theskycapsmiledand__26__calm.Thenextcustomerinlinesawtheincidentandfelt__27__theskycap'sself-control.“I've__28__seensuchapersonlikeyou，”hesaid.“Howdoyoukeepyour__29__whensomebodyisattackingyousobadly？”“It'seasy，”theskycapanswered.“He'sgoingtoLondon,__30__hisbagsaregoingtoTokyo.”Iwon'tremendthatweuserevenge(報復(fù))toreduce__31__.Butletmetellyouaboutsomeonewhohasfounda__32__togothroughmostofhislifenotannoyedbytheturbulence(騷亂)thataffectsmostpeople.Heisoneofthe__33__peopleI'veeverknownandhe__34__howhekeepshiscoolnomatterhowturbulentasituationbees.Hesays,“I__35__itthisway.Atrafficjamhasnopowertomakemeangry.Itjust__36__mycar.Andthat'sthewayItrytolookatmostofwhat__37__tome.”Withthatphilosophy,thisguygoesthroughlifepeacefully.Myfriendlikestosaythingslike,“A__38__customerhasnopowertomakemeangry;hejustmakesplaints(抱怨).A__39__Imadehasnopowertomakemeupset;it'sjustachancetodobetter.”He__40__howwecantrulyfindcalmnesswhenthingsareindisorder.21．A.slowlyB．suddenlyC．quicklyD．carelessly22．A.differenceB．a(chǎn)pologyC．senseD．choice23．A.laughedB．shotC．pointedD．shouted24．A.continuedB．failedC．stoppedD．tended25．A.glaredatB．stoodbyC．headedforD．escapedfrom26．A.becameB．remainedC．feltD．made27．A.satisfiedwithB．disappointedatC．sureaboutD．surprisedat28．A.neverB．justC．a(chǎn)lwaysD．ever29．A.balanceB．promiseC．coolD．record30．A.whenB．whileC．thoughD．because31．A.painB．costC．dangerD．stress32．A.wayB．placeC．chanceD．desire33．A.bravestB．tallestC．calmestD．kindest34．A.believesB．describesC．provesD．a(chǎn)dmits35．A.putupB．lookafterC．a(chǎn)pplyforD．lookat36．A.stopsB．damagesC．hitsD．starts37．A.devotesB．happensC．belongsD．responds38．A.politeB．richC．poorD．rude39．A.callB．decisionC．mistakeD．mess40．A.doubtsB．showsC．thinksD．forgivesⅣ.語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ForRachaelandLeighBarman,thereisonlyonewishontheirChristmaslistthisyear—thattheirsickdaughterPaigeshouldsurvive/liveuntilDecember25.Fifteen-year-oldPaigesuffersfrom41.________rarebraindisease,42.________affects(影響)asfewas12peopleintheworld,andcouldkillheranyday43.________warning(警告)．Andherconditionhasgoneeven44.________(bad)inrecentmonths.HerparentsfilledthefamilyhomewithChristmasdecorations45.________September1stsoshecouldenjoytherestofherlife.Sincethen,shehas46.________(regular)openedChristmaspresentsandreceivedvisitors—butshesleepsforupto19hoursaday,herparentsknowingthateachtimeshecloseshereyes,shemayneverwakeup.Mrs.Barman47.________(describe)dealingwiththeconditionas“l(fā)ikebeingondeathrow”assheneverknewif48.________daughterwouldwakeupthenextmorning.Themothersaid:“ShealwayslovesChristmasandIgetmyheart49.________(break)whenIseehersufferinglikethis.OurbestChristmaspresentwouldbehavingPaigewithusatChristmas.Nomatter50.________sheleavestheworld,wemakesurethatsheisalwayshappy.”Ⅴ.短文改錯(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。Tomwashavingmuchtroublegetupinthemorningandwasalwayslatewithwork.Hisbosswantedtofirehimifhedidn'tstartingontime,buthewenttothedoctorforahelp.Thedoctorgavehimsomemedicineandtoldhimtotakethembeforehewenttobed.Themandoesastoldandsleptreallywell,wakeupbeforethealarmhadevengoneoff.Hehadtimeforaproperlybreakfastandwasstillthefirstreachthefactory.“Boss，”hesaid,“thatmedicinereallyworks！”“I'mpleasingtohearit，”saidhisboss,“butwherewereyouyesterday？”Ⅵ.書面表達(滿分25分)請根據(jù)提示信息，寫一篇關(guān)于“鐵絲在空氣中燃燒”的實驗報告。實驗?zāi)康模河^察鐵絲在氧氣中燃燒時發(fā)生的現(xiàn)象實驗器材：火柴棒(matchstick)；瓶子；鐵絲(ironwire)；夾子(clamp)；酒精燈(ethanollight)實驗步驟：1.用鐵絲纏住(entangle)火柴棒；2．點燃酒精燈；3．用夾子夾住鐵絲在酒精燈上點燃：4．等火柴棒燃燒完畢，迅速把鐵絲放入瓶中。實驗結(jié)果：1.劇烈燃燒，火星(sparks)四射；2．放出熱量；3．生成一種黑色固體。實驗結(jié)論：鐵絲在空氣中能夠燃燒。單元質(zhì)量檢測(五)Ⅰ.語篇解讀：文章講的主要是一些有關(guān)英國法律的問題。文章向去英國旅行的人們講解了英國的一些法律知識，以免游客在不知情的情況下，觸犯了英國的法律。1．解析：選C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Goodafternoon,andweletoEngland.Wehopethatyourvisitherewillbeapleasantone.Today,Iwouldliketodrawyourattentiontoafewofourlaws.”可知，文章主要是給來英國旅游的人一些法律方面的建議。故選C。2．解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“ifyourequireanysortofhelporassistance,...yourlocalpolice”可知，當需要幫助時，可以聯(lián)系當?shù)氐木剑虼?，contact是“聯(lián)系”的意思。keepintouchwith“與……保持聯(lián)系”，強調(diào)狀態(tài)；getintouchwith“與……取得聯(lián)系”，強調(diào)動作，故選D。3．解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“itisagainstthelawtobuycigarettesortobacco(煙草)ifyouareunderl6yearsofage”可知，在英國，未滿16周歲的人購買香煙是違法行為，故選B。語篇解讀：本文是一篇科研報告，主要研究了氣溫升高對北極圈植物的影響。4．解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的第二句“AcrosstheArctic,temperaturesarerisingfasterthananywhereelseintheworld.”以及本段的整體內(nèi)容可知，不斷上升的氣溫是北極圈樹木北移的主要原因，即B項正確。5．解析：選D代詞指代題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的“Treesgrowingalongthetreelinemustprotectthemselvesfromthecoldwind.”可知，畫線詞this指代的是本句中的“protectthemselvesfromthecoldwind”，即D項正確。6．解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Newtreeswillprovidesheltersforsomesnow.Keepingthesun'sraysfrommakingthewhitesurfacedisappear.Instead,thetreesabsorbthesun'sheat.Thiswarmsthesurroundingair”可推知，新樹會讓周圍的空氣更加溫暖，即C項正確。7．解析：選A文章出處題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容可推知，本文主要研究的是氣候變暖對北極圈植物的影響，故該文應(yīng)選自科研報告，即A項正確。語篇解讀：Peter假期度過方式改為DIY，從而引出英國人喜歡DIY的原因及作者警告注意安全。8．解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。由第一段第二句“Peterusedtospendhisholidaystravellingtheworld,visitingthepyramidsinEgyptorscubadiving(潛水)intheCaribbean.”可知C項正確。9．解析：選A推理判斷題。提干要求選擇不能被展示在DIY節(jié)目中，由第一段最后一句“LikehundredsofthousandsofotherBritishpeople,hehasdiscoveredthejoyofDIY(DoItYourself),whichmeansifthereareanythingsthatneedfixingaroundthehouse,hewilltrytodothejobhimself.”可知A項“潛水”符合題意。10．解析：選D推理判斷題。A項，由第一段最后一句“LikehundredsofthousandsofotherBritishpeople,hehasdiscoveredthejoyofDIY(DoItYourself)”知A項是原因，故不符合題意。B項，由第四段第二句“TwomonsayingsinBritain—‘a(chǎn)nEnglishman'shomeishiscastle’and‘there'snoplacelikehome’—showhowimportantourhousesaretous.”知B項是原因，故不符合題意。C項，由第四段第三句“Withthepresenteconomicdownturn,manypeoplecan'taffordtobuyabiggerhousesotheyarelookingathowtheycanmaketheirhousebetterwithoutspendingalotofmoney”知C項是原因，故不符合題意。D項在文中并未提及，故D項符合題意。11．解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段段意及“Butbecareful！”知B項正確。語篇解讀：本文講述在發(fā)生火災(zāi)時如何自救。人們了解一些逃生的方法是十分重要的。12．解析：選B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Itisimportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuseandshowthemtoeveryoneinthefamily”知道逃生的方法是十分重要的，所以選B項。13．解析：選C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Fromthelowerfloorsofthebuildings,escapingthroughwindowsispossible.”如果樓層比較低的話，跳樓逃生是有可行性的，所以選C項。14．解析：選D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Itisimportanttoknowthewaysyoucanuseandshowthemtoeveryoneinthefamily,suchasstairways(樓梯)andfireescapes,butnotlifts”提到不要乘電梯，所以選D項。15．解析：選A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Windowsarealsousefulwhenyouarewaitingforhelp.”及“atthewindowtobesureyougetfreshair”。所以選A項。Ⅱ.語篇解讀：這篇文章介紹了6個C原則，告訴我們?nèi)绾螌懞靡环庑拧?6．解析：選C考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。前面寫了clear，與C項的“Useshort,directsentences”相對應(yīng)，故選C。17．解析：選E考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。前面寫了correct，與E項的“Makesurewhatyousay