50分閱讀理解提分練二限時(shí)35分鐘Ⅰ.閱讀理解A (2020·濟(jì)南高三月考)ClarapackedherthingsatthePatentOfficeandwenttoherboss.“It’sbeenapleasureworkingwithyou,butI’mquittingmyjob.”Sheturnedandleft.“Whatareyoudoinghomesoearly?”askedhersisterSally.“TheCivilWaristakingitstollontheUnionsoldiers.Ineedtohelpthem.”Sallychewedherlipsandlookedaroundtheroom.“I’mgoingwithyou.”ThetwovolunteeredattheWashingtonHospital.Afterseveralmonths,Clarabecameunsettled.“Sally,thisisn’tenough.Ineedtohelpthesoldiersinthefieldandonthefrontlines.I’mleavinginthemorning.”Sally’sbrowsroseintoherforehead.“Clara!Youcan’t.It’stoodangerous.”“Thefrontlinesoldierswhoneedhelpareingreaterdanger.”Claragotdonationswhereshecouldandusedherownsavingstobuysupplies.Shetraveledfrombattletobattlewiththreearmywagons.Shealsoorganizedmentogivefirstaid,carrywater,andpreparefoodforthewounded.Aftermanymonthsofbattlefieldafterbattlefield,ClaratoldherfriendRachel,“Ifinallyreceivedofficialpermissiontobringsuppliestobattlefields.ThewoundedsoldiersaresoappreciativeofallIdo,they’venamedmethe‘AngeloftheBattlefield.’”“That’swonderful,”saidRachel,“Youcertainlydeservetherecognition.You’reoneofthebravestwomenIknow.”AftertheCivilWarended,ClarawenttoEuropetorestherbodyandmind.Somanyyearsofhelpingsoldiersandtheirfamilieshadwornherdown.WhilevisitingSwitzerland,ClaralearnedoftheInternationalRedCross.ItsmissiontohelpwarvictimsaroundtheworldarousedClara’sinterestandexcitement.Italsosparkedanidea.Whenshereturnedhome,ClaraworkedtoestablishanAmericanRedCross.SheevenmetwithPresidentHayestodiscussit.Finally,onMay21,1881,theAmericanRedCrosswasformed.Amonthlater,Clarawaselectedpresidentoftheorganization.

【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了ClaraBarton是一名勇敢的女性,她在內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時(shí)幫助受傷的士兵,最后還建立了美國(guó)紅十字會(huì)。1.WheredidClarafirstvolunteertohelptheUnionsoldiers?A.Switzerland.B.ThePatentOffice.C.Thefrontlines.D.TheWashingtonHospital.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中ThetwovolunteeredattheWashingtonHospital.可知,Clara一開始在WashingtonHospital幫助聯(lián)邦士兵的。2.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesClara’scharacter?A.Fearlessanddevoted.B.Generousandenergetic.C.Humorousandbrave.D.Considerateandconfident.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段Sally’sbrowsroseintoherforehead.“Clara!Youcan’t.It’stoodangerous.”和第七段“Thefrontlinesoldierswhoneedhelpareingreaterdanger.”可知Clara不顧危險(xiǎn),要前往前線幫助士兵,說(shuō)明她是個(gè)無(wú)畏的人;以及第八段可知Clara在力所能及的地方募集捐款,并用自己的積蓄購(gòu)買供給品。她帶著三輛軍用馬車從一個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)趕到另一個(gè)戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)。她還組織了一些人給傷者進(jìn)行急救、挑水和準(zhǔn)備食物。由此可推知,Clara是個(gè)有奉獻(xiàn)精神的人。3.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThesufferingbroughtbytheCivilWar.B.ThedevelopmentoftheAmericanRedCross.C.Women’scontributionstotheAmericanpeace.D.AgreatwomanwhointroducedRedCrossintotheUSA.【解析】選D。主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段可知回到家后,Clara努力建立了一個(gè)美國(guó)紅十字會(huì)。她甚至?xí)娏薍ayes總統(tǒng)討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題。最終,在1881年5月21日,美國(guó)紅十字會(huì)成立。一個(gè)月后,Clara被選為該組織的主席。結(jié)合本文主要講了Clara勇敢地幫助受傷的士兵,最后建立了美國(guó)紅十字會(huì)。由此可知,這篇文章的主要內(nèi)容是一位把紅十字會(huì)引入美國(guó)的偉大婦女?！癐’llstayforlunch,butI’mheadingbackdownassoonasthefoglifts,”IannouncedwhenIarrived.“ButIneedyoutodrivemetothegaragetopickupmycar”Caronlynsaid.“Couldweatleastdothat?”“Howfarisit?”Iasked.“Aboutthreeminutes”,shesaid,“I’lldrive—I’musedtoit.”Aftertenminutesonthemountainroad,Ilookedatheranxiously.“Ithoughtyousaidthreeminutes.”Shegrinned,“Thisisadetour(繞道).”Turningdownanarrowtrack,weparkedthecarandgotout.Wewalkedalongapaththatwasthickwitholdpineneedles.Hugeblack-greenevergreenstoweredoverus.Graduallythepeaceandsilenceoftheplacebegantofillmymind.Thenweturnedacornerandstopped—andIgaspedinamazement.Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossfoldsandvalleys,wereriversofdaffodilsinradiantbloom.Aprofusion(大量)ofcolor—fromthepalestivorytothedeepestlemontothemostvividsalmon—blazedlikeacarpetbeforeus.Itlookedasthoughthesunhadtippedoverandspilledgolddownthemountainside.Atthecentertherewasawaterfallofpurpleflowers.Hereandtherewerecoral-coloredtulips.Westernbluebirdsfrolicked(嬉戲)overtheheadsofthedaffodils,theirtawnybreastsandsapphirewingslikeaflutterofjewels.Ariotofquestionsfilledmymind.Whocreatedsuchbeauty?How?When?Asweapproachedthehomethatstoodinthecenteroftheproperty,wesawasignthatread:“AnswerstotheQuestionIKnowYouAreAsking.”Thefirstanswerwas“OneWoman—TwoHands,TwoFeet,andVeryLittleBrain”.Thesecondwas“OneataTime”.Thethirdwas“Startedin1958”.Aswedrovehome,Iwassomovedbywhatwehadseen,Icouldscarcelyspeak.“Shechangedtheworld,”Ifinallysaid,“Onebulbatatime.Shestartedalmost60yearsago,probablyjustthebeginningofanidea,butshekeptatit.”4.Thepassageismainlyabout______.

A.asuccessfulgardenerB.aninspiringgardeninglessonC.aworthwhiletravellingexperienceD.unexpectedcountrysidescenery【解析】選C。主旨大意題。文章主要講述了作者和女兒在野外遇到了大片的水仙花,并對(duì)作者觸動(dòng)很大,由此可知,這是一次很有價(jià)值的經(jīng)歷。5.Theauthorgaspedinamazementbecause______.

A.theroadtwistedandturnedalongthemountainB.thefogcrowningthemountainliftedeventuallyC.theownerofthefieldcametoanswerherquestionsD.thevaststretchofdaffodilfieldtookherbreathaway【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第十一段的Fromthetopofthemountain,slopingforseveralacresacrossfoldsandvalleys,wereriversofdaffodilsinradiantbloom.可知,作者驚奇的是看到從山頂上,綿延幾英畝的坡地,穿過(guò)山巒和山谷,水仙花如河流般燦爛地綻放著。6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthestory?A.Thebeautifuldaffodilfieldwasallalongtheroad.B.Theauthorandherdaughterplannedthejourneywell.C.Theownerofthefieldspentalotoftimeworkinginthefield.D.Theauthorplannedtoworkinthedaffodilfieldthenextday.【解析】選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的倒數(shù)第五段的內(nèi)容,尤其是Startedin1958.可推斷出,這片田地的主人付出了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的工作和努力才種出了這片花海。C

LastJuly,AngelaPeters,36,rolledherwheelchairintoanailsalonlocatedattheWalmartshoppingcenterinBurton,Michigan,withtheideaofpaintinghernails.ButPeters,whohascerebralpalsy(腦癱),wasturnedaway.Thesalon(whichisnotownedbyWalmart),shesays,toldherthattheywereafraiditwouldbetoodifficulttoproperlydothejobgiventhatherhandsshook.WhatwasmeanttobeadayofbeautyblissforPeterswasnowadisappointment.WatchingtheinteractionfromafewfeetawaywasaWalmartcashierabouttogoonherbreak.EbonyHarris,40,recognizedPetersasaWalmartregular.NowwhatsherecognizedinPeterswasakindredspirit.“She’sjustlikeyou,me,mydaughter,anybody,”HarristoldABCNews,“Shewantstolookpretty.Sowhycan’tshe?”

HarrisapproachedPeters.“Doyouwantmetodoyournails?”sheasked.AsmilespreadacrossPeters’face.“Yeah!”Havingfoundatablefortwo,HarrisgentlytookPeters’handintohersandcarefullybeganpaintinghernails.“IwasalittlenervousandwasshakingbecauseIdidn’twanttomesshernailsup,”Harrisadmitted.“Itoldhershe’sablessingtoanybody,notjustme.ShemakesmelookatlifeandappreciateitmuchmorethanIhave.”WatchingitallwithamazementandadmirationwasSubwayemployeeTasiaSmith.WhatstruckhermostwastheeaseandgentlenessdisplayedbyHarrisasshepaintedPeters’nails,allthewhilechattingasiftheywereoldfriends.SmithwassotakenbythescenethatshewroteaboutitonFacebook.“Theyweresopatientwithher,”shewrote.“ThankstotheWalmartworkerformakingthisbeautifulgirl’sday!”Peters,whorunsapoetrywebsite,harborsnobitternesstowardthenailsalonthatturnedheraway.“Whenpeopledouswrong,wemustforgive,”PeterswroteonFacebook.“Ijustwanttoeducatepeoplethatthosewithdifferentchallenges,likebeinginawheelchair,canhaveourownbusinessandgetournailsdonelikeanyoneelse.”【文章大意】這是一篇記敘文。文章介紹了腦癱患者AngelaPeters想要做美甲,但卻因?yàn)樽陨淼娜毕菔沟脛e人不敢為她服務(wù)。沃爾瑪?shù)囊晃粏T工看到這件事后主動(dòng)為她做了美甲。一名地鐵員工將此事寫在了自己的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上,Peters也在自己的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上寫到不同的人,哪怕坐在輪椅上,也能有自己的事業(yè),也能像別人一樣做漂亮的指甲。8.WhywasPetersdeclinedwhenshewantedtohavehernailspainted?A.Sheinsistedonsittinginawheelchair.B.Shewasnotaregularcustomerofthesalon.C.Herhandsshookinvoluntarilyduetodisability.D.Therewasnoneedforhertohavenailspainted.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段提到“ButPeters,whohascerebralpalsy,wasturnedaway.Thesalon(whichisnotownedbyWalmart),shesays,toldherthattheywereafraiditwouldbetoodifficulttoproperlydothejobgiventhatherhandsshook.”當(dāng)Peters想去做美甲的時(shí)候卻被拒絕了,因?yàn)槊兰咨除埨锏姆?wù)員告訴她因?yàn)樗氖謺?huì)抖,所以給她做美甲是一件非常困難的事情。9.Itcanbeinferredfrom“akindredspirit”inParagraph2that______.

A.PeterswasinhighspiritsjustlikeothersaroundherB.PeterswasapproachedwithspecialattentionandcareC.PeterswasmoretolerantofthedenialthannormalpeopleD.Peterswasnodifferentfromthepeoplearoundher【解析】選D。詞義猜測(cè)題。第二段中提到“She’sjustlikeyou,me,mydaughter,anybody”沃爾瑪?shù)膯T工Harris覺(jué)得Peters就像是你,我,也像是她的女兒,就跟平常人沒(méi)有任何不一樣的地方?！窘馕觥窟xB。推理判斷題。最后一段第二句提到“Whenpeopledouswrong,wemustforgive”當(dāng)人們對(duì)我們做了不好的事時(shí),我們要原諒他們。即原諒那些曾經(jīng)傷害過(guò)我們的人,我們就會(huì)更享受我們的生活。由此判斷Peters想要過(guò)一種更包容的生活,并且享受生活。D

Geneticmodification(基因修飾)datesbacktoancienttimes,whenhumansinfluencedgeneticsbyselectivelybreedingorganisms(培育生物)accordingtoanarticlebyGabrielRangel,apublichealthscientistatHarvardUniversity.Whenrepeatedoverseveralgenerations,thisprocessleadstogreatchangesintheorganisms.Theearliestknowngeneticallymodifiedplantiswheat.ThisvaluablecropisthoughttohaveoriginatedintheMiddleEastandnorthernAfricaintheareaknownastheFertileCrescent,accordingtoa2015articlepublishedinthe

Journal

of

Traditional

and

Complementary

Medicine.Ancientfarmersselectivelybredwheatgrassesbeginningaround9000B.C.tocreateimprovedvarietieswithlargergrainsandhardierseeds.By800B.C.,thecultivation(培養(yǎng))ofimprovedwheathadspreadacrossEuropeandAsia.Thecontinuedselectivecultivationofwheatresultedinthethousandsofvarietiesthataregrowntoday.Cornhasalsoexperiencedsomeofgreatestgeneticchangesoverthepastfewthousandyears.Themaincropwaschangedfromaplantknownasteosinte,awildgrasswithtinyearsandonlyafewseeds.Overtime,farmersselectivelybredtheteosintegrassestocreatecornwithlargeearsburstingwithseeds.Beyondthosecrops,manyofthefruitandvegetablesweeattoday,includingbananas,applesandtomatoes,haveexperiencedseveralgenerationsofselectiveraising,accordingtoRangel.In1973,researchersalsomodifiedbacteriatobeusedasdrugs.In1982,humaninsulin(胰島素)madefromgeneticallyengineeredbacteriabecamethefirstgeneticallyengineeredhumandrugsapprovedbytheFDA.

【文章大意】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生科學(xué)家GabrielRangel的一篇文章稱,基因修飾可以追溯到古代,當(dāng)時(shí)人類通過(guò)選擇性繁殖生物體來(lái)影響基因。經(jīng)過(guò)幾代人的重復(fù),這個(gè)過(guò)程會(huì)導(dǎo)致生物體發(fā)生巨大變化。文章主要介紹了有關(guān)基因改造的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。12.Whatdoestheword“docile”inParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.Gentle.

B.Loyal.C.Smart. D.Ambitious.【解析】選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“...theaggressivecanineswerekeptinthehouseholdandbred...”及畫線詞后“...easiertogetalongwith.”可推斷好斗的犬科動(dòng)物被養(yǎng)在家里,并被培育成溫順、容易相處的動(dòng)物,由此可知畫線詞意思是“溫順的”。13.Howdidtheancientfarmerstrytoimprovewheat?A.Throughselectivecultivation.B.Byeditingitsgenesconstantly.C.Throughmixturewithteosinte.D.Byplantingitinlargenumbers.【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Ancientfarmersselectivelybredwheatgrassesbeginningaround9000B.C.tocreateimprovedvarietieswithlargergrainsandhardierseeds.可知大約從公元前9000年開始,古代農(nóng)民選擇性地培育小麥草,以創(chuàng)造出更大的谷物和更堅(jiān)韌的種子的改良品種。由此可知,

古時(shí)候的農(nóng)民是通過(guò)選擇性栽培來(lái)改良小麥的。14.Whatcanweinferaboutgeneticmodification?A.Itisrarelyseenindailylife.B.Itisquitedifficulttoaccept.C.Itishardlyinfluencedbyhumans.D.Ithasplayedaroleinmedicalfield.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中In1982,humaninsulinmadefromgeneticallyengineeredbacteriabecamethefirstgeneticallyengineeredhumandrugsapprovedbytheFDA.可知1982年,由基因工程細(xì)菌制成的人體胰島素成為第一個(gè)被FDA批準(zhǔn)的基因工程人體藥物。由此可推斷,基因改良在醫(yī)療領(lǐng)域起著一定的作用。15.Fromwhichsectionofanewspaperisthetextmostprobablytaken?A.Health. B.Lifestyle.C.Science. D.Agriculture.【解析】選C。文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段Geneticmodificationdatesbacktoancienttimes,whenhumansinfluencedgeneticsbyselectivelybreedingorganismsaccordingtoanarticlebyGabrielRangel,apublichealthscientistatHarvardUniversity.Whenrepeatedoverseveralgenerations,thisprocessleadstogreatchangesintheorganisms.可知哈佛大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生科學(xué)家GabrielRangel的一篇文章稱,基因修飾可以追溯到古代,當(dāng)時(shí)人類通過(guò)選擇性繁殖生物體來(lái)影響基因。經(jīng)過(guò)幾代人的重復(fù),這個(gè)過(guò)程會(huì)導(dǎo)致生物體發(fā)生巨大變化。結(jié)合本文主要介紹了基因修飾的相關(guān)內(nèi)容,由此可推斷,本文最有可能出自報(bào)紙的“科學(xué)”版塊。Ⅱ.七選五

Peopleoftensaythat“failureisthemotherofsuccess”.

16

Asaresult,Manalo,aprofessorofeducationalpsychologyinJapansays,“Weknowweshouldn’tgiveupwhenwefail—butinreality,wedo.”

ManaloandManu,aprofessoroflearningsciencesinSwiss,puttogether