語法精講③表語從句表語從句是在復(fù)合句中作表語的名詞性從句，放在連系動(dòng)詞之后，句子的一般結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語＋連系動(dòng)詞＋表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的連系動(dòng)詞有be，look，remain，seem等。1．由連詞that,whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句。(1)that在引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)無實(shí)義，而whether有實(shí)義，意為“是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語常常是抽象名詞，如problem,result,chance,suggestion,question,reason等。表語從句對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行說明、說明等。?Theresultoftheinventionofthesteamenginewasthathumanpowerwasreplacedbymechanicalpower.蒸汽機(jī)獨(dú)創(chuàng)的結(jié)果是機(jī)械力代替了人力。?Themainquestioniswhetheryouwantyourarmsinsideoroutsidethesleepingbag.主要的問題是你想要你的手臂在睡袋的里面還是外面。(2)由連接代詞what,which,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。?AsJohnLennononcesaid,lifeiswhathappenstoyouwhileyouarebusymakingotherplans.正如約翰·列儂曾經(jīng)說的，生活就是當(dāng)你忙于制訂其他支配時(shí)發(fā)生的事情。?Theproblemwaswhocoulddothework.問題是誰能做這項(xiàng)工作。(3)由連接副詞when,where,how,why等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。?Theproblemiswhenwecangetapayrise.問題是什么時(shí)候我們可以獲得加薪。(4)由連接詞because,asif/though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句。?Fromspace,theearthlooksblue.Thisisbecauseabout71%ofitssurfaceiscoveredbywater.從太空看，地球是藍(lán)色的。這是因?yàn)榈厍虮砻娲蠹s71%的面積是被水覆蓋的。?It'sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.這似乎是大腦在疼惜它最重要的記憶。即學(xué)即練1單句語法填空①—Whatamess!Youaresocareless!—I'msosorry.Iam________thetightschedulehasmademe.②Pleaseputthemedicineonthetopoftheshelf.It's________ourchildrencan'treachit.③Thelasttimewehadgreatfunwas________wewerevisitingtheWaterPark.④Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremain________shewasandwaitforhermother.⑤Ashipintheharbourissafe,butthat'snot________shipsarebuiltfor.⑥Actually,girlscanbe________theywanttobejustlikeboys,whetheritisapilot,anastronaut,oramanager.2．表語從句中須要留意的問題(1)表語從句屬于名詞性從句，要用陳述語序。?TheproblemiswhowecangettotaketheplaceofJim.問題是我們能找誰去代替吉姆。(2)一般不行以用if引導(dǎo)，要用whether引導(dǎo)表語從句。?Thequestioniswhetherwewillhaveoursportsmeetingnextweek.問題是我們下周是否會(huì)舉辦運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。(3)表語從句中的虛擬語氣問題①asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句常常置于連系動(dòng)詞be,look,seem,sound,become等后面。asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句的內(nèi)容假如有明顯的依據(jù)，很有可能發(fā)生，就用陳述語氣；假如表述的內(nèi)容與事實(shí)不符，就用虛擬語氣。虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成為：比較主從句的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，假如從句的動(dòng)作表示一種狀態(tài)或者和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，就用一般過去時(shí)表示虛擬(be動(dòng)詞的過去式統(tǒng)一用were)；假如從句的動(dòng)作明顯發(fā)生在主句的動(dòng)作之前，就用過去完成時(shí)表示虛擬。?Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.烏云密布，看起來似乎要下雨。(有明顯的依據(jù)，用陳述語氣)?Youwillfeelasifyouwereathomehere.在這兒你會(huì)感覺似乎是在自己家一樣。(不符合實(shí)際，并且表示一種狀態(tài)，用一般過去時(shí)表示虛擬)?Localpeoplesaidafterthestormitwasasiftherehadbeenanuclearexplosion.當(dāng)?shù)厝苏f風(fēng)暴過后似乎發(fā)生了核爆炸一樣。(與事實(shí)不符，并且明顯發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前，用過去完成時(shí)表示虛擬)②當(dāng)主句的主語為表示要求、建議、囑咐(suggestion,request,order,requirement)等的名詞時(shí)，表語從句須要用虛擬語氣，即謂語用shoulddo，其中should可以省略。?Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)givehimahand.我的建議是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)幫他一把。即學(xué)即練2單句語法填空/完成句子①Theteacher'srequirementisthatwe________(recite)thepassagein20minutes.②Allshe'sworriedaboutis________heisallright.③問題是什么時(shí)候他才能到達(dá)酒店。Thequestionis________________________．④你爸爸想知道的是你跟同學(xué)們相處得怎么樣。Whatyourfatherwantstoknowis________________________．3．表語從句的常見句型表語從句的常見句型有：Thereasonisthat...；It/This/Thatisbecause...；This/Thatiswhy...;That'swhere...等。?Thereasonisthatyoudon'ttrusther.緣由是你不信任她。?Hewassenttohospital.That'sbecausehewasill.他被送到了醫(yī)院，那是因?yàn)樗×恕?Thisisbecausethedirectcurrentalwaysflowsinawireinonedirection.這是由于直流電在導(dǎo)線中總沿著一個(gè)方向流淌。?Hewasill.That'swhyhewassenttothehospital.他病了，那是他被送到醫(yī)院的緣由。?Thatiswhyheatcanmeltice,vaporizewaterandcausebodiestoexpand.那就是熱能使冰溶化、使水蒸發(fā)、使物體膨脹的緣由。?Youaresayingwearebornequalandthat'swhereIagree.你說我們生而同等，那是我同意你的地方。即學(xué)即練3單句語法填空①—Hewasbornhere.—Thatis________helikestheplacesomuch.②—DoyouthinkitiswiseforChinesemotherstotrytodoeverythingfortheirchildren?—No,that's________theyaremistaken.③Sorry,hecan'tgowithyou.Thereasonis________hehassomethingtodotomorrow.④Thereasonwhyheisabsentfromschoolis________heisill.＝Heisill.That's________heisabsentfromschool.＝Heisabsentfromschool.That's________heisill.Ⅰ.單句語法填空(填入適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞)1．Thisis________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.2．Thetroubleis________Iamanxioustofindmymicroscope,butitisnowheretobefound.3．Petershowedmethatwhatmattersis________youconveyyourownpassion.4．Whatthedoctorsreallydoubtis________theinfectiondiseasecanbebroughtundercontrol.5．Thereason________hefeltfrustratedwas________hedidn'tattainhisgoal.6．Mysuggestionis________weshouldtryourbesttomakeourdreamsbecomeareality.7．Thekeyis________Icanfindavegetableoilrichinessentialfattyacids.8．Thedoctor'sadviceis________youshouldbuildupyourstrength.9．Thequestionis________willcometohelpusovercomethedifficulty.10．—Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?—Oh,that's________makesmefeelfrustrated.11．Seethesorghuminthebags?Thatwas________wedidthismorning.12．Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe________wearenow.13．ChineseNewYearisacelebrationmarkingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.Thisis________decoratingwithplants,fruitsandflowerscarriesspecialsignificance.14．Myquestionis________informationisstoredinthelong-termmemory.15．WhatIcan'tunderstandis________thenumberofnewstudentsinourschoolhasdecreased.Ⅱ.短語填空that,why,whether,what,asif,when,where,because,which,how1．Thequestiondiscussedatthemeetingwas____________itwasworthtrying.2．Allthiswasovertwentyyearsago,butitis____________itwereonlyyesterday.3．Thetroubleis____________Ilostthekeytomyroom.4．IfI'mabitsleepy,it's____________Iwasupallnight.5．Thesearenot____________Iwant.6．Thebestmomentforthefootballstarwas____________hescoredthewinninggoal.7．Ididn'tphoneher,andthat's____________shegotangrywithme.8．Grandmapointedtothehospitalandsaid,“That's____________Iwasborn.”9．Ireadaboutitinsomebookoranother,butwhatIdon'tknowis____________bookitis.10．Thatis____________theyovercomethedifficulties.Ⅲ.用表語從句完成句子1．Thatis____________________(他拒絕接受它的緣由).2．Hisrequestis____________________(我們應(yīng)努力工作).3．Itseems____________________(似乎他對(duì)這個(gè)事故一竅不通).4．Thefact____________________(是他沒有真正地嘗試).5．Thequestion____________________(是這部電影是否值得看).6．Now____________________(看起來她相識(shí)米莉已有好多年了).7．Myadvice____________________(是你盡可能常常地練習(xí)說英語).8．Thatis____________________(我第一次遇見她的地方).9.Theproblemis____________________(誰真正適合做這份艱苦的工作).語法精講③表語從句即學(xué)即練1①what②where③when④where⑤what⑥whatever即學(xué)即練2①(should)recite②w