Unit4ProtectingourheritagesitesⅠ.閱讀理解ABackin2024:Oneday,Iwasschedulingappointmentsintheoffice;thenext,Ibrokemylegandhadtostayinbed.Overtime,IgrewsickofvideoconferencingandTVmarathons,andstartedsearchingforsomethingnewtofillthelongandrestlessdays.Aheadlineonawebsitecaughtmyeye:“ThisWeavingLoom(織布機(jī))SavedMeWhenAllMyPreviousHobbiesDisappeared”.Thiswastheuniversespeakingtome.Iimmediatelyboughtallthethingsrecommended—asmallloom,afewcolorsofthreads(線)andaweavingbook.Myfirstweavinglooked...notgreat.Iskippedthebookandfree-styledapink-and-whiteclothtohangonmyapartmentdoor.ItstartedoffOK;Istrungtheloomsuccessfullyandfiguredouthowtoslidethethreadedneedleoverandunderthebackboneofthecloth.Then,mistakeaftermistake,Ipulledthethreadwaytootight,makingthesidescurvein.Therewerelotsofgaps,whereIcouldseethewhitethreadsunderneaththecoloredones.Icouldn’tmakethelongfringe(穗)atthebottom.Inafitoffrustration,Ileftitamess.Humbledbymypride,Iopenedtheweavingbook.Ilearnedhowtogetmyedgesstraightandmyendsneat.Ifiguredouthowtosewbacksontocloths,stuffthemwithcottonandmakecolorfulpillowstodisplayonmysofa.SoonIstartedmakingsomeformyfamiliesandfriends.Ievensavedupmoneytobuya4-by-4-footloom,whereIworkedonbiggerobjects.Iwasofficiallytakenwithit.Actually,I’veneverbeengoodatanythingthatrequireshand-eye-braincooperation.Butweaving,somehow,feelsdifferent.Itrequiresthesamestepsrepeatedoveragainandencouragesyoutoloseyourselfintheprocess.EverytimeIpickupmyloom,mybrainquietsdown;asmyneedleslipsbetweenthreads,Igroundmyself.I’veneverlovedahobbylikethis.1.Whydidtheauthorbuyaloom?A.Topassthetime.B.Totryoutanidea.C.Toescapefromwork.D.Toreplacemarathons.2.Whatdidtheauthorthinkofherfirstweaving?A.Boring. B.Pleasing.C.Disappointing. D.Encouraging.3.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thevalueoftheweavingbook.B.Theadviceforweavingbeginners.C.Theattitudetowardspreviousmistakes.D.Theprocessofgrowingloveforweaving.4.Whatdoestheauthorseemtoloveaboutweaving?A.Itisameanstomakealiving.B.Itisacraftwithcalmingquality.C.Itisawaytokeeptraditionsalive.D.Itisapracticeforhumanconnection.BHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldbebetterorganizedormoresociable?Ormoreinventiveandoriginal?Perhapsyou’reaconstantworrier,andyou’dprefertobealittlemorecarefree?Ifanyofthesethoughtsringtrue,youarenotalone.Manysurveysshowthatatleasttwo-thirdsofpeoplewouldliketochangetheirpersonality.Inthepast,suchdesiresappearedtobeimpossible.Ourpersonalitieswerethoughttobeformedinchildhoodandtoremainfixedthroughoutlives.Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymould(塑造)theircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.ThatiswhatpsychologyprofessorNathanHudsonandhiscolleagueshaveshownwithstudies.Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraits(特點(diǎn))thatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.Knownasthe“bigfive”,theyare:extraversion—howoutgoingandsociableyouare;conscientiousness—howorganizedanddisciplinedyouare;agreeableness—howconcernedyouarewithsocialharmony;neuroticism—hownervousandsensitiveyouare;andopennesstoexperience—howimaginativeandcuriousyouare.People’sscoresforthebigfivecanpredictimportantoutcomes.Peoplewhoscorehighlyonconscientiousness,forexample,getbettergradesatschoolandearnmore.Thosewhoscorehighlyonneuroticism,meanwhile,aremoresensitivetostress.Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteato-dolistbeforegoingtobed.Aneuroticpersonmightbegivenexercisestoimproveemotionalregulation,suchaswritingdownfeelingswhentheyarehardtocontrol.Theaimisforthethinkingpatternsandbehaviourstheymaketobecomehabitual.Andtheevidencesofarsuggestsitworkswell.Similarresultscouldbeseeninalaterexperiment,whichusedasmartphoneapptocoachparticipantsintheirdesiredbigfivetraits.AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.Personalityremainsfixedinlife.B.Personalitychangeispossible.C.Personalitykeepschangingwithage.D.Personalityvariesfrompersontoperson.6.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theaimoftheresearch.B.Themethodoftheresearch.C.Thefocusoftheresearch.D.Theimportanceoftheresearch.7.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheresearch?A.Favourable. B.Doubtful.C.Disapproving. D.Indifferent.8.Whichofthefollowingsayingscanwelearnfromthestudy?A.Characterdeterminesdestiny.B.Custommakesallthingseasy.C.Habitdeterminescharacter.D.Afoxmaygrowgray,butnevergood.Ⅱ.完形填空GailRodgersisprovingthatyoudon’thavetobeyoungtomakeapositiveimpactonyourcommunity.AcrosstheUnitedStates,poolshavebeencuttingback1orclosingentirelyduetoashortageoflifeguards.WhenthatalmosthappenedatMontgomeryTowneCondominiums,66-year-oldGail2up.

Gailservedasalifeguard.Butthatwas50yearsago,andGailquickly3howmuchthingshavechangedsincethen.

“It’shugely4now,”Gailsaid.“Thelifeguardbackthenwouldsitinthechairandmightblowthewhistle5totellyoutostoprunningorso.Theyhadnoflotation(浮標(biāo))device—allthey6wasawhistle.Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.”

The7examneededtobecomeacertifiedlifeguardisno8.Itincludesa300-yardswimand9abrickatthebottomofapool.Still,evenknowingthese10didn’tstopGail.

“Iwentandgottheprecertification,andthenIwentthroughthefulltraining,”she11.

Gailofficiallystarted12asapart-timelifeguardonMay27.She’lllikely13moreshiftswhensummercomes,butfornow,she’sabletohavequitea14schedule.

Now,Gailhopesher15willgiveothersthecouragetheyneedtogivelifeguardingachance.

1.A.expenses B.restrictionsC.hours D.taxes2.A.pulled B.caught C.held D.stepped3.A.learned B.questioned C.recorded D.shared4.A.helpful B.successfulC.different D.important5.A.stressfully B.awkwardlyC.secretly D.occasionally6.A.owned B.obtainedC.noticed D.removed7.A.physical B.visualC.medical D.psychological8.A.limit B.point C.joke D.problem9.A.keeping B.grabbing C.breaking D.carving10.A.schedules B.measuresC.results D.requirements11.A.argued B.explained C.predicted D.shouted12.A.experiment B.trainingC.duty D.exploration13.A.handover B.putoff C.ruleout D.takeon14.A.flexible B.tight C.new D.special15.A.progress B.experience C.course D.adviceⅢ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)閱讀下面材料,依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasadreamborninfire.AndreaPetersonwas5whenshewastrappedontheledge(窗臺(tái))ofaburningbuilding.“Throwthekiddown!”saidoneofthefiremenbelow,whoseeyesarefirmandcourageous,alongwithprofessionalrescuetechniques.Seeingthis,littleAndreajumpedintolifesavingarmsandalife-longambition:Shewantedtofightfiresasherrescuersdid.Shetoldthattothemenwhohadsavedher,andtheylaughednaturallythewaygrown-upsdowhenakidsayshewantstobeanastronautorasportsstar.Butthiswasbackinatimewhenlittlegirlsweren’tevenallowedtofantasize(幻想)aboutsuchgrandgoals.“You’llbeagoodmommy,”thefirementoldher.“You’llbeagoodteacher,maybeyou’llbeanurse,butyoucanneverbeafireman.”Indeed,lifesidelinedherambitiousdream.Shewasstudyingforadegreeinaviationtechnology(航空科技)andthat’swhereshemetherhusband,Dennis.Unfortunately,Denniswasdiagnosedwithcancer.Petersonspent31yearscaringforthemansheloved,andin2007,whenDenniswasabouttoleave,hewasatpeacebutworriedabouther.“Butwhatareyougoingtodo?”“I’llbefine,”shetoldhim.At61,sheattendedacourseforemergencies.Shewentonanambulanceride-alongfromtimetotime.Itturnedouttobealife-and-deathsituation,whichremindedherofthechildhoodexperiencebackinthefire.Everytimeshesawpeoplewhowereinneedweresuccessfullyrescued,Petersonfeltthatlong-agochildhoodcalling.Sheearnedheremergencymedicaltechnicianlicenseandrespondedtofirecallswiththeambulance.ShefoundthatheryearsoftendingtoDennishadpreparedherfordealingwiththevarietyofhurtsandills.Theinsidecallingechoedincreasinglystronger.留意:1.續(xù)寫(xiě)詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;2.請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Afterayear,shesignedupforatrainingunitforfirefighters._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Finallycamethewrittenandphysicalfitnesstestday._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：Ⅰ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了作者生病之后,無(wú)意中接觸到了紡織并愛(ài)上了它,因?yàn)樗茏屪髡哽o下心來(lái)。1.B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Overtime,IgrewsickofvideoconferencingandTVmarathons,andstartedsearchingforsomethingnewtofillthelongandrestlessdays.”及其次段中的“Aheadlineonawebsitecaughtmyeye:‘ThisWeavingLoomSavedMeWhenAllMyPreviousHobbiesDisappeared.’”可知,作者買織布機(jī)是為了試驗(yàn)一個(gè)想法。2.C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Myfirstweavinglooked...notgreat.”可知,作者對(duì)自己的第一次紡織感到不滿足。3.D段落大意題。依據(jù)第五段中的“Ilearnedhowtogetmyedgesstraightandmyendsneat.”以及“SoonIstartedmakingsomeformyfamiliesandfriends.Ievensavedupmoneytobuya4-by-4-footloom,whereIworkedonbiggerobjects.”可知,第五段主要講的是作者漸漸愛(ài)上紡織的過(guò)程。4.B推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“EverytimeIpickupmyloom,mybrainquietsdown”可知,作者愛(ài)上紡織是因?yàn)檫@是一種能讓人寧?kù)o下來(lái)的手藝?！菊Z(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。最近的探討表明,通過(guò)正確的心理策略和足夠的努力,人們可以勝利地將他們的核心特征塑造成他們想要的形態(tài),從而達(dá)到變更性格的目的。5.B微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中的“Recentresearch,however,suggeststhatwiththerightpsychologicalstrategiesandenougheffort,peoplecansuccessfullymouldtheircoretraitsintotheshapetheydesire.”可知,從文中我們可以了解到性格變更是可能的。6.C段落大意題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Theresearchhascenteredonfivetraitsthatarethoughttocontainourmostfundamentalcharacteristics.”可知,其次段主要講解并描述探討的重點(diǎn)。7.A推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.”可推知,作者對(duì)探討的看法是贊成的。8.C微小環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Inthestudy,someonewhowishedtobemoreconscientiousmightbeaskedtocarefullyreadanemailbeforesendingit,ortowriteato-dolistbeforegoingtobed.”和最終一段“AsAristotlearguedmorethan2,300yearsago,webecomewhatwerepeatedlydo.”可知,我們可以從探討中學(xué)到習(xí)慣確定性格的道理。Ⅱ.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講解并描述66歲的蓋爾(Gail)在看到游泳館因?yàn)槿鄙倬壬鷨T而要縮短開(kāi)放時(shí)間或關(guān)閉時(shí)自告奮勇,重新起先做救生員的工作。1.C依據(jù)下文“duetoashortageoflifeguards”可知,因?yàn)槿鄙倬壬鷨T,所以游泳池不得不縮短開(kāi)放時(shí)間或者關(guān)閉。故選C項(xiàng)。2.D依據(jù)下文“Gailofficiallystartedasapart-timelifeguardonMay27.”和“Now,Gailhopesherwillgiveothersthecouragetheyneedtogivelifeguardingachance.”可知,在社區(qū)發(fā)生缺少救生員的狀況時(shí),66歲的蓋爾自告奮勇,又起先做救生員了。故選D項(xiàng)。

3.A依據(jù)下文“‘It’shugelynow,’Gailsaid.‘Thelifeguardbackthenwouldsitinthechairandmightblowthewhistletotellyoutostoprunningorso.Theyhadnoflotationdevice—alltheywasawhistle.Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.’”可知,蓋爾了解到,現(xiàn)在做救生員和過(guò)去相比發(fā)生了很大的變更。故選A項(xiàng)。

4.C依據(jù)下文“‘Thelifeguardbackthenwouldsitinthechairandmightblowthewhistletotellyoutostoprunningorso.Theyhadnoflotationdevice—alltheywasawhistle.Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.’”可知,現(xiàn)在和以前做救生員的狀況不一樣了。故選C項(xiàng)。

5.D依據(jù)下文“Sotheywerereallymorepolicethananythingelse.”可知,警察就是會(huì)時(shí)時(shí)常地吹哨子來(lái)提示人們不要亂跑。故選D項(xiàng)。6.A依據(jù)下文“wasawhistle”可知,哨子是救生員所擁有的東西。故選A項(xiàng)。7.A依據(jù)下文“Itincludesa300-yardswimandabrickatthebottomofapool.”可知,這是做一名救生員須要進(jìn)行的身體素養(yǎng)的檢查。故選A項(xiàng)。

8.C依據(jù)下文“Itincludesa300-yardswimandabrickatthebottomofapool.Still,evenknowingthesedidn’tstopGail.”可知,做一名救生員須要進(jìn)行的體格檢查不是開(kāi)玩笑的,是須要真本領(lǐng)的。故選C項(xiàng)。

9.B依據(jù)下文“abrickatthebottomofapool”可知,因?yàn)樯w爾要做救生員,就應(yīng)當(dāng)會(huì)遇到從水里把溺水者撈起來(lái)的狀況,所以考試內(nèi)容是從水底撈起一塊磚。故選B項(xiàng)。10.D依據(jù)上文“Itincludesa300-yardswimandabrickatthebottomofapool.”可知,這些內(nèi)容都是介紹做救生員須要進(jìn)行的測(cè)試和