新牛津譯林版高中英語選修一Unit4FunwithScience

ReadingReadingforstructureIntroductionPara.1:Microorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways.ConclusionMainBodyPara.6:Para.2:Para.5:Paras.3–4:Microorganismsinfluenceourphysicalhealthaswellascognitiveandpsychologicalwell-being.____________________________________________________________________________________Theworldofmicroorganismsisfilledwithpossibilitieswaitingtobeexplored.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Microorganismscanbeusedtoimprovehumanhealth.Readingforstructure1．Whyaren'tweafraidofmicroorganismsinourbodies?A．Becausetheyarefewinnumber.B．Becausethey'renotactive.C．Becausemostofthemaretokeepushealthy.D．Becausetheirstructureissimple.2．WhichoneisWRONGaboutthesourceofmicroorganismsinthebody?A．Motherspassthemontous.B．Producedinourownbodies.C．Theimpactofforeignmicroorganismsonus.D．Allmicroorganismsstayconstantinourlives.3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthewaygutmicroorganismsadjusthuman'sbodyweight?A．Helpusconsumefood.B．Helpusdigestfood.C．Affectthewaywestorefat.D．Respondtochemicalsmakingusfeelhungryorfull.4．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Wehavedevelopedmicrobiomevaccines.B．Therearemanysecretsaboutmicroorganismswaitingtobediscovered.C．Itisimpossibleforgoodmicrobestoreplacebadones.D．Atpresent,humanbeingsknownothingaboutmicroorganisms.Post-Reading

Howdoyouunderstandthesentence“Eventhoughincrediblysmall,thesemicroorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways.”inLines4–6?Ithinkitisasmartchoicetousethewords“small”and“big”.“Small”meansthatthesemicroorganismsaresotinythattheyareinvisibletothenakedeye.And“big”meanstheyplayaveryimportantroleininfluencingusphysicallyandmentally.1.Inexpositorywriting,theauthorusuallyexplainsordescribesatheoryoranobjectfromgeneraltospecific.Discusshowtheauthororganizestheblogpost.Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorstatestheinfluenceofmicroorganismsonhumanbeingsinageneralwaybywriting

“thesemicroorganismsinfluenceourbodyandmindinbigunexpectedways”.Thisisageneralstatementofthemainidea.Inthefollowingparagraphs,theauthormakesspecificpointsaboutthegeneralstatement.

Inthethirdparagraph,theauthortalksabouthowmicroorganismsaffectus

physicallyandinthefourthparagraph,howmicroorganismsinfluenceus

cognitivelyandpsychologically

ismentioned.2.Boththefirstandsecondparagraphsoftheblogpostbeginwithaquestionandanswer.Whatisthefunctionofthiswritingtechnique?

Thefunctionofthequestionsatthestartoftheparagraphsis

tograbthereader’sinterest.

Thequestionsarefollowedimmediatelybytheanswers,sothereader’scuriosityisquicklysatisfied.Thistechnique

keepsthemengagedtocontinuereadingtofindoutmore.Theauthorusesthequotationmarkstoemphasizetheword.Byusingtherhetoricaldeviceofpersonification,theauthorvividlydescribestheinteractionsbetweenthebrainandthegut.1.HowdidDutchmanAntonievanLeeuwenhoekdiscovermicroorganismsforthefirsttimeinhumanhistory?Heobserved“l(fā)ittleanimals”swimmingandjumpinginawaterdropletwhenstudyingitunderhismicroscope.Readthepassageandanswerthequestions.2.HowdidRobertKochfindthatthereisacloserelationshipbetweenmicroorganismsanddisease?RobertKochgrewsomemicroorganismsinisolationfromalllivingthingsandtheninjectedthemintoamouse,whichdiedsoonafter.Thisconfirmedtherelationshipbetweenmicroorganismsanddisease.Collocations:1.組成，構(gòu)成2.經(jīng)歷，通過3.把...暴露于...4.和...競爭5.阻止...干...6.在...中起重要作用7.熬夜8.很可能...9.信不信由你10.在...的早期11.照顧12.利用13.導(dǎo)致，引起14.有...的能力15.除去，擺脫16.擠滿，塞滿（p.47)17.使...真相大白11.takegoodcareof12.takeadvantageof13.giveriseto14.becapableof15.getridof16.bepackedwith17.castnewlighton1.Whatorganismslivewithus,makeupabouttwopercentofanadult’sbodymass,yetareinvisibletothenakedeye?

makeup:

形成，構(gòu)成

makeup還可以表示：編造（故事、謊言等）；和好，和解；彌補(bǔ)，補(bǔ)償；整理（床鋪、房間等）；化裝，打扮e.g.Womenmakeupabout70%oftheclothesfactory’sworkers.Thetwoboysquarrelledyesterdaybutnowtheyhavemadeup.ThestorywasmadeupbyJack.Youneedn’tfeelfrightened.Vitaminpillsmakeupwhatyoulackinyourdiet.Hermothermadeupabedinheroldroom.Theactorsweremakingupwhentheyarrived.

makeit

按時(shí)到達(dá)某處，成功做成某事makeout

理解，明白makesense有道理，講得通makesenseof理解，明白

【語境應(yīng)用】用以上make短語的適當(dāng)形式完成下列句子。1)Howmanycountries__________theWTO?2)Thetrainwon’tleaveforanothertenminutes,soIthinkwecan________.3)Haveyou______________________whathewassaying?4)Doesit______________toletlittlechildrenplaywithmatches?makeupmakeit

madeout/madesenseofmakesense2.Themake-upandstateofourspecialblendofmicroorganismsaffectsusphysically,includingourimmunesystem,weightandsleeppatterns.3.Whentheimmunesystemattackthesesubstances,itoftenkillshealthybrainnervecells.他唯一存活的機(jī)會是心臟移植。_____________________________________________Hisonlychanceofsurvivalwasahearttransplant.Excuseme,sir,wouldyoupleasetellmehowIcan______moneyfrommybankaccount