2022年北外高翻同傳試卷

I.Aradicalchangeinmentalitiesisunderwaybothinthepublicsector,whichhasnowbeenforcedtoadmitthatitsownmeansofactionarc

insufficienttomeettheirdevelopmenttargets,andtheprivatesector,whichisbecomingawareofitscapacitytocontributetothedeveloping

countries5emergenceontheworldstageintheroleoffuturepartnersinlocalandglobalmarkets.

Dialoguecanbeestablishedwithintheframeworkofanalreadyincreasingnumberofforums,aswellasinprojectformulation.Thepresenceof

othercivilsocietyactorsandsupportfromtheinternationalorganizations-asmuchinthethinkinganddebateasintheactionsundertaken-are

crucialfactorsorenablingpeopletomakesenseofthenewprospectsforcooperation.

Thenewtwenty-firstcenturyworldorderdemandsthatdecision-makingbeopeneduptodialoguewithnewactors.Civilsociety'sinnovative

energyhasalreadyproducedagoodnumberofimportantinitiativesandproposalsinmanyareas.Andthebusinessworldofferseconomic

resourcesandknow-howthatcangreatlycontributetodevelopmentstrategydeploymentandthepromotionofculturaldiversity.Thesearethe

reasonsbehindtheUnitedNationsSecretary-GeneraF'sdecisiontolaunchthe—GlobalCompactlprogramme,whichoutlinesabasiccodeof

ethicsforprivatesectorpartnership.UNESCOintendstoestablishculturalpatronageagreementswithbusinessesaimed,interalia,at

supportingtheinitiativesofcountriesintheSouth.

2.Economistshavelongbeenanaturalconstituencyinfavorofgrowth.Sinceeventherichestcountryhaslimitedresources,thecentral

economicproblemischoice:Shallwefundtaxcutsfortherichorinvestmentininfrastructureandresearchanddevelopment,warinIraqor

assistancefbrthepoorindevelopingcountriesandourown?Byprovidingmoretotalresources,growthshould,intheory,makethesechoices

lesspainful.

TheUnitedStates,however,haspowerfullydemonstratedthatwhilegrowthincreasessupply,italsoraisesaspirations.Choicesthatrich

countrieshavetomakethusseemtobenoeasierthanthoseconfrontingpoorcountries,eventhoughthetradeoffsaremoreheart-wrenchingin

thecaseofthepoor.Brazil,forexample,mustchoosewhethertouseitslimitedhealthbudgettopayfull-marketpriceforAIDSdrugs;some

AIDSvictimsmayliveasaresult,butpeopleinneedofotherhealthcarewilldie,becausemoneythatcouldhavebeenspentontheirneedsis

simplynotthere.Moregrowth-providedresources,inthisinstance,meanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.

Still,growthhashaditscritics.Thereisawell-developedpopulistantigrowthliteratureconcernedwith,amongotherthings,theimpactof

growthontheenvironmentandonpoverty.

Historically,economistshavequestionedwhether,atleastintheearlystagesofdevelopment,growthisaccompaniedbysocietalgoodssuchas

greaterequalityandabetterenvironment.NobelPrize-winningeconomistSimonKuznetsargued,basedonexperienceslargelybeforeWorld

WarII,thatthereisanincreaseininequalityintheearlystagesofdevelopment.ArthurLewis,anotherNobeleconomist,wentfurther:greater

inequality,heargued,isnecessarytogeneratethesavingsthatgrowthrequires.Alatergenerationofeconomistshaspositedtheexistenceofan

environmentalKuznetscurve:theearlystagesofgrowthcauseenvironmentaldegradation,notenvironmentalhealth.

Kuznetsandhisdescendantsheldouttheprospectthateventuallygrowthwouldbringmoresocialjustice(greaterequality,lesspoverty)anda

betterenvironment.Butthereisnothinginevitableaboutthis-whichmeansthatevenifithasbeentrueinthepast,itmaynotbeinthefuture.

InequalitydidseemtofallintheUnitedStatesaftertheGreatDepression,butinthelast30yearsithasincreasedenormously.Manyformsof

pollutionhavegonedownasrichercountrieshaveturnedtheirmindtoair-qualityissues,butgreenhousegasemissions-withallthedangers

theypresentfbrglobalwarming-havecontinuedtoincreasewitheconomicgrowth,especiallyintheUnitedStates.

3.中國是歐亞地區(qū)重要的國家。中國的進(jìn)展離不開世界，更離不開歐亞地區(qū)。同樣，世界的進(jìn)展、歐亞地區(qū)的進(jìn)展也離不開中國。中

國的進(jìn)展給世界各國尤其是歐亞地區(qū)國家?guī)碇匾獧C(jī)遇。中國穩(wěn)定和諧的政治社會環(huán)境、豐富優(yōu)秀的勞動力資源和潛力巨大的市場，

為與世界各國尤其是歐亞地區(qū)國家開展互利互惠的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作供給了抱負(fù)的場所。我們快活地看到，通過這些年的不懈努力，中國的中

西部地區(qū)和東北等老工業(yè)基地有了長足進(jìn)步，呈現(xiàn)奇特的進(jìn)展前景。我們歡送歐亞地區(qū)國家樂觀參與中國西部大開發(fā)和東北老工業(yè)基

地振興，增加中國與歐亞地區(qū)各國互利合作的生氣與活力。歐亞地區(qū)國家與中國有傳統(tǒng)友情，經(jīng)濟(jì)互補(bǔ)性強(qiáng)，中國政府將鼓舞、支持

中國企業(yè)與歐亞地區(qū)進(jìn)展貿(mào)易、投資辦廠，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同進(jìn)展。

4.中國公司想制造世界品牌，外國公司想增加在中國的銷量，這些都正轉(zhuǎn)變著中國的設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國制造商意識到，假設(shè)他們想在本

國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必需設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國公司也開頭明白，從前海外公司常把任憑什么地方

設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品拿到中國來賣，而現(xiàn)在，中國消費(fèi)者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣簡潔滿足了。

盡管全球大量的電子產(chǎn)品和鞋等都是中國制造，但這些產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計(jì)都是在歐美或日本完成的。中國公司制造自己品牌的產(chǎn)品時，通常

是仿照國外。但如今不同了，他們都想開創(chuàng)自己的品牌。隨著中國公司在設(shè)計(jì)上的改進(jìn)，跨國公司意識到，他們的產(chǎn)品需要特地針對

中國消費(fèi)者的品嘗進(jìn)展量身定做了。這些使中國設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)開頭富強(qiáng)起來。中國公司開頭建立設(shè)計(jì)中心或雇人幫他們打造自己的品牌。成百

上千的設(shè)計(jì)參謀公司在上海、北京和廣州涌現(xiàn)。國外年輕設(shè)計(jì)師也開頭擁入中國，想在這個全球最有活力的消費(fèi)市場上一試身手?，F(xiàn)在，

中國約有400所學(xué)院供給設(shè)計(jì)課程，每年有1萬名畢業(yè)生。一些中國設(shè)計(jì)師獲得國際大獎，很多人開頭到米蘭、東京、紐約等地工作。

設(shè)計(jì)成為中國最熱門的專業(yè)之一，甚至己滲入到社會生活中。

漢英口譯分類詞匯（02）-外經(jīng)貿(mào)類詞匯

澳嚴(yán)密經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系協(xié)定ANZCERTA：

AustraliaNewZealandCloserEconomic

RelationsTradeAgreement

擺脫亞洲金融危機(jī)的影響shakeoffthe

impactofthefinancialcrisis

幫助人才脫穎而出helpexcellenttalents

findwaytodistinction

備件spareparts

部長級會議ministerialmeeting

實(shí)行樂觀財政政策proactivefiscalpolicy

出口創(chuàng)匯型/外向型產(chǎn).業(yè)export-oriented

industry

垂直兼并verticalmerger

倒?fàn)攑rofiteer

抵免offset

東盟自由貿(mào)易區(qū)AFTA：ASEANFree

TradeArea

東南亞國家聯(lián)盟ASEAN：Associationof

South-EastAsianNations

對夕卜工程承包foreignprojectcontracting

反傾銷措施anti-dumpingmeasures

against.......

防偽標(biāo)志anti-fakelabel

放松銀根easemonetarypolicy

非配額產(chǎn)品quota-freeproducts

非生產(chǎn)性投資investmenlin

non-productiveprojects

風(fēng)險治理/評估riskmanagement/

assessment

風(fēng)險基金venturecapital

風(fēng)險預(yù)備金loanlossprovision/provisions

ofrisk

崗位培訓(xùn)on?the-jobtraining

港元的聯(lián)系匯率制thelinkagesystem

betweentheUSdollarandtheHKdollar

搞活國有大中型企業(yè)revitalizelargeand

medium-sizedstateownedenterprises

工程工程engineeringproject

工業(yè)增加值industrialaddedvalue

公正合理equitableandrational

固定資產(chǎn)投資investmentinthefixed

assets

廣開就業(yè)門路increaseemployment

opportunities;createjobsineverypossible

way;openupmorechannelsofemployment

規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)scaleeconomy/economiesof

scale

國合企業(yè)（即國有合作社）state-owned

cooperatives

國際清算inlernationalsettlement

國際收支平衡balanceofinternational

payments/balanceofpayment

國際收支不平衡disequilibriumofbalance

ofpayment

國家補(bǔ)貼publicsubsidies

國家鼓舞工程projectslistedasencouraged

bythestate

國家科技創(chuàng)體系StaleScientificand

TechnologicalInnovationSystem

國家現(xiàn)匯結(jié)存stateforeignexchange

reserves

合理引導(dǎo)消費(fèi)guiderationalconsumption

橫向兼^horizontalmerger

壞帳、呆帳、死帳badaccount/dead

account/uncollectibleaccount/baddebt/bad

loan

貨幣市場moneymarket

機(jī)構(gòu)臃腫overstaffingin(government)

organizations

機(jī)構(gòu)重置organizationaloverlapping

技工貿(mào)結(jié)合的科技型企業(yè)scientificand

technologicalenterprisesthatintegrate

scientificandtechnological

developmentwithindustrialandtrade

development

季節(jié)性調(diào)價seasonalpriceadjustments

既成事實(shí)established/accomplishedfacts

減免債務(wù)reduceandcanceldebts

建材buildingmaterials

進(jìn)口環(huán)節(jié)稅importlinkagetax

經(jīng)常工程currentaccount

經(jīng)常性的財政收入regularrevenues

競價投標(biāo)competitivebidding

就業(yè)前培訓(xùn)pre-jobtraining

控股公司holdingcompany

垃圾融資junkfinancing

勞動密集性企業(yè)labor-intensiveenterprises

勞務(wù)合作laborservicecooperation

累計(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)順差143.4美元accumulatively

realizingtradesurplus

利改稅substitutionoftaxpaymentfor

profitdelivery

流淌人口floatingpopulation

龍頭產(chǎn)品lagshipproduct

亂集資、亂攤派、亂收費(fèi)unwarranted

poolingoffunds,arbitraryrequisitionof

donationsandexactionoffeesfrom

enterprises/unauthorizedpoolingoffunds,

compulsorydonationsandrandomlevieson

enterprises

慢性蕭條chronicdepression

農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)合作ATC：Agricultural

TechnicalCooperation

盤活存量資產(chǎn)revitalizestockassets

酉已件accessories

皮包公司flying-by-nightcompany;bogus

company

公平互利、講求實(shí)效、形式多樣、共同進(jìn)

展的方針pursuingpracticalresults,

adoptingvariouswaysandseekingcommon

development/theprincipleofequality,

mutualbenefit,efficiency,diversity

andmutualdevelopment

瓶頸制約"bottleneckrestrictions

企業(yè)的自我約束機(jī)制self-regulating

mechanismofenterprises

企業(yè)技術(shù)改造technologicalupdatingof

enterprises

企業(yè)虧損補(bǔ)貼subsidiestocoverenterprise

losses

企業(yè)所得稅corporateincometax

千年問題、千年蟲millenniumbug

搶得先機(jī)takethepreemptiveopportunities

清理、修訂screenandmodify

求同存異overcomedifferencesandseek

commonground

商住和公益設(shè)施建設(shè)commercial,

residentialandpublicutilityconstruction

申報制度reportingsystem;income

declarationsystem

實(shí)行股份制enforcestockholdingsystem

實(shí)行國民待遇grantthenationaltreatment

to,treatforeigninvestorsasqualstothe

Chinesecounterparts

市場準(zhǔn)人的行政治理措施AAMA

AdministrativeAspectsofMarketAccess

適銷對路的產(chǎn)品readilymarketable

products

雙重軌制iwo-tiersystem/double-track

system

水利waterconservation

全部制形式formsofownership

貪圖安逸cravecomfortandpleasure

通貨緊縮deflation

通貨膨脹inflation

同步增長increaseinthesamepace

外援方式modalityofforeignaid

無氟冰箱freon-freerefrigerator

無紙交易paperlesstransaction

現(xiàn)代企業(yè)制度modemcorporatesystem

消費(fèi)膨脹inflatedconsumption

協(xié)議投標(biāo)negotiatedbidding

信息化informationize

形成統(tǒng)一、開放和競爭有序的市場

establishanunified,openmarketwith

orderlycompetition

亞歐會議ASEM：Asia-EuropeMeeting

亞太法定計(jì)量論壇APLMF：AsiaPacific

LegalMetrologyForum

亞太工商詢問理事會ABAC：APEC

BusinessAdvisoryCouncil

亞太計(jì)量程序APMP：AsiaPacific

MetrologyProgram

亞太經(jīng)合組織部長級會議AMM：APEC

MinisterialMeeting

亞太經(jīng)合組織經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人會議AELM：

APECEconomicLeadersMeeting

亞太經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織APEC：Asia-Pacific

EconomicCooperation

亞太能源爭辯中心APERC：AsiaPacific

EnergyResearchCenter

亞太商業(yè)論壇ABF：APECBusiness

Forum

亞太商業(yè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)APB-Net：Asia-Pacific

BusinessNetwork

亞太試驗(yàn)室認(rèn)可合作APLAC：AsiaPacific

LaboratoryAccreditationCooperation

亞太通訊與數(shù)據(jù)系統(tǒng)ACDS：APEC

CommunicationsandDatabaseSystem

亞太信息根底設(shè)施APII：Asia-Pacific

InformationInfrastructure

亞太中小企業(yè)技術(shù)溝通與培訓(xùn)中心

ACTETSME：APECCenterforTechnology

ExchangeandTrainingforSmalland

MediumEnterprises

亞洲開發(fā)銀行ADB:AsianDevelopment

Bank

以試點(diǎn)的形式實(shí)行外貿(mào)權(quán)自動登記制度

implementanautomaticregistrationsystem

offoreigntradingrightsonatrialbasis

營業(yè)稅turnovertax

在穩(wěn)固公有制主體地位的同時，促進(jìn)多種

全部制經(jīng)濟(jì)共同進(jìn)展alongsidefortifying

thestatusofthepublicownershipasthe

mainstay,itisalsoencouragedtowitness

commondevelopmentofdifferentsystems

ofownership

債轉(zhuǎn)股debt-to-equityswap

中華人民共和國保護(hù)臺灣同胞投資實(shí)施

條例ImplementationRulesoftheP.R.C.on

theProtectionofInvestmentsby

CompatriotsfromTaiwan

中介效勞組織intermediaryservice

organization

注入的生氣與活力bringnewvigorand

vitalityinto

轉(zhuǎn)化經(jīng)營機(jī)制changethemethodof

operation

資本工程capitalaccount

自2022年1月1日起實(shí)行comeinto

officialenforcementasofJanuary1,2022

自由浮動匯率freefloatingexchangerate;

variableexchangerate

自主經(jīng)營，自負(fù)盈虧responsiblefortheir

ownmanagementdecisions,profitsand

losses

走上良性進(jìn)展的軌道goingonthetrackof

soundprogress

shippingservicecompany自。務(wù)公司

genericproducts非商標(biāo)(非專利)產(chǎn)品

prudentmonetarypolicy穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策

deficitspending超前消費(fèi)

runonbanks(到銀行)擠兌

domesticsupporttoagriculture對農(nóng)業(yè)的

國內(nèi)支持

specialbonds特種債券

economyofabundance富有經(jīng)濟(jì)

Animal-basedprotein動物源性蛋白

dualpurposeexports軍民兩用品出口

dual-usegoodsandtechnology軍民兩用產(chǎn)

品和技術(shù)

NAFTANorthAmericanFreeTradeAreal匕

美自由貿(mào)易區(qū)

globalquota全球酉己額grandfather

clause祖父條款A(yù)nimaLderived

food動物源食品EVSL(Early

VoluntarySectoral

Liberalization)部門提前自愿自由化

TILF(TradeandInvestmentLiberalization

andFacilitation)貿(mào)易和投資自由化和便利

化

常見縮略：

C&F(cost&freight)本錢加運(yùn)費(fèi)價

T/T(telegraphictransfer)電匯

D/P(documentagainstpayment)付款交單

D/A(documentagainstacceptance)承兌交

單

C.O(certificateoforigin)一般原產(chǎn)地證

G.S.P.(generalizedsystemofpreferences)普

惠制

CTN/CTNS(carton/cartons)紙箱

PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、個、支等

DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元

DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打

PKG(package)一包,一捆，一扎，一件等

WT(weight)重量

G.W.(grossweight)毛重

N.W.(netweight)凈重

(customsdeclaration)報關(guān)單

EA(each)每個，各

W(with)具有

w/o(without及有

FAC(facsimile)

IMP(import)進(jìn)口

EXP(export)出口

MAX(maximum)最大的、最大限度的

MIN(minimum)最小的，最低限度

M或MED(medium)中等，中級的

M/V(merchantvessel)商船

S.S(steamship)船運(yùn)

MT或M/T(metricton)公噸

DOC(document)文件、單據(jù)

INT(international)國際的

P/L(packinglist)裝箱單、明細(xì)表

INV(invoice)發(fā)票

PCT(percent)百分比

REF(reference)參考、查價

EMS(expressmailspecial)特快傳遞

STL.(style)式樣、款式、類型

T或LTX或TX(lelex)電傳

RMB(renminbi)人民幣

S/M(shippingmarks)裝船標(biāo)記

PR或PRC(price)價格

PUR(purchase)購置、購貨S/C

(salescontract)銷售確認(rèn)書L/C

(letterofcredit)信用證B/L

(billoflading)提單

FOB(freeonboard)離岸價

CIF(cost,insurance&freight)本錢、保險

加運(yùn)費(fèi)價

GMO(geneticallymodifiedorganism)轉(zhuǎn)基

因組織

CAGA(compoundannualgrowthaverage)

年復(fù)合增長率

口譯筆譯分類詞匯〔03)至革開放詞匯

保險業(yè)Theinsuranceindustry

保證重點(diǎn)支出Ensurefundingforpriorityareas

被兼并或擠掉annexedorforcedoutofbusiness

補(bǔ)發(fā)拖欠的養(yǎng)老金Clearuppensionpaymentsinarrears

不良貸款Non—performingloan

層層轉(zhuǎn)包和違法分保Multi-levelcontractingandillegalsubcontracting

產(chǎn)值outputvalue

城鄉(xiāng)信用社CreditCooperativeinbothurbanandruralareas

城鎮(zhèn)居民最低生活保障Aminimumstandardoflivingforcityresidents

城鎮(zhèn)職工醫(yī)療保險制度Thesystemofmedicalinsuranceforurbanworkers

抽樣調(diào)查datafromthesamplesurvey

出口信貸Exportcredit

初步建立社會主義打算商品經(jīng)濟(jì)體制。toestablishatapreliminarylevelanewsystemofsocialistplannedcommodity

economy.

貸款質(zhì)量Loanquality

貸款質(zhì)量五級分類方法Thefive-categoryassetsclassificationforbankloans

其次產(chǎn)業(yè)secondaryindustry

第三產(chǎn)業(yè)tertiaryindustry

第一產(chǎn)業(yè)primaryindustry

獨(dú)資企業(yè)whollyforeignowned/fundedenterprise

發(fā)電量electricenergyproduction

發(fā)揮市場的調(diào)整作用togiveplaytotheregulatoryroleofthemarket

進(jìn)展過快excessivegrowth

防范和化解金融風(fēng)險Takeprecautionsagainstandreducefinancialrisks

防洪工程Flood-preventionproject

非法夕卜匯交易Illegalforeignexchangetransaction

非公有成分non-publicsectors

非貿(mào)易收匯Foreignexchangeearningsthroughnontradechannels

非銀行金融機(jī)構(gòu)Non-bankfinancialinstitutions

費(fèi)改稅Transformadministrativefeesintotaxes

安排形式formsofdistribution

風(fēng)險資金riskfunds

副業(yè)sidelineproduction

改革是“社會主義制度的自我完善和自我進(jìn)展“Reformis“theself-perfectionandself-developmentofthesocialist

system.64

改革重點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移到城市thefocusofreformisshiftedtothecities

改善經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境improveeconomicenvironment

搞活企業(yè)invigorate/revitalize/rejuvenateenterprises

各盡所能，按勞/需安排fromeachaccording

呵呵高翻招生簡章大家能翻譯不呵呵

同聲傳譯是各種翻譯活動中最難作的一種翻譯。

在國際會議那種緊急環(huán)境里，譯員要能不連續(xù)地邊聽邊譯，是很不簡潔的。

要學(xué)好這樣的技能，需要具備肯定的條件，如：扎實(shí)的英、漢語言根底，英語的聽說力量要強(qiáng)，英

漢兩種語言的語音、語調(diào)要好，要思維靈敏，反響快，對國際問題興趣，學(xué)問面要廣。

所以錄用時以考生的復(fù)試成績?yōu)橹鳌?/p>

考生可依據(jù)自身狀況及專業(yè)對考生的要求，有針對性地進(jìn)展預(yù)備。

關(guān)于考試，英漢互譯筆譯試卷是由本院命題的。不考理論，只考實(shí)踐，目的是考察學(xué)生實(shí)際翻譯力

量。

根底英語試卷與英語學(xué)院其他專業(yè)一樣。

Therevisededition

Amongallcategoriesoftranslation,simultaneousinterpretationisthehardest.

Amidthetenseatmosphereofinternationalconference,itisdifficulttolistentothespeaker

andinterprethiswordssimultaneously.

Toacquiresuchskills,oneisrequiredtohavethefollowin