課時(shí)作業(yè)(四十二)選擇性必修第四冊(cè)Unit6SpaceandbeyondⅠ.完形填空[2024·福建省高三聯(lián)合測(cè)評(píng)]Therearetwoproblemsintheworld:Garbageandpoverty.EradajereOleitathinksshemayhavea__1__forthem.It'scalledtheChipBagProject.Sheisaskinga__2__oflocalsnacklovers:Ratherthanthrowyour__3__chipbagsintothetrash,donatethem,soshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthe__4__.ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit,whereOleitaandhervolunteerhelpers__5__them.Aftertheywashthechipbags,theycutthemopen,laythem__6__，andironthemtogether.Theyusepaddingandlinersfromoldcoatstolinetheinsides.Ittakesaboutfourhoursto__7__asleepingbag,andeachtakesaround150to300chipbags,__8__whetherthey'resingle-serveorfamilysize.Theresultisasleepingbagthatis“waterproof,lightweight,andeasyto__9__.”O(jiān)leitasaid.Sinceitsstartin2024,theChipBagProjecthascollectedmorethan800，000chipbagsandcreated110sleepingbags.Sure,itwouldbe__10__toraisethemoneytobuynewsleepingbags.Butthat'sonlyhalfthegoalforOleita—whosefamily__11__totheUnitedStatesfromNigeriaadecadeagowiththehopeofattainingabetterlife—andherfellow__12__.“Wearedevotedtomakinganimpactnotonlysocially,but__13__，”shesays.And,ofcourse,there'sthesymbolismofsavingbagsthatwouldotherwiselandinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthehomeless.It'sapowerful__14__thatenvironmentalinjusticeand__15__oftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkit'stimetoshowconnectionbetweenalloftheseissues.”1．A.solution B．reasonC．preference D．gift2．A.question B．favourC．permission D．choice3．A.dirty B．cheapC．empty D．new4．A.injured B．oldC．sick D．homeless5．A.bury B．collectC．hunt D．buy6．A.flat B．heavyC．careful D．straight7．A.repair B．sewC．decorate D．design8．A.workingout B．leadingtoC．resultingin D．dependingon9．A.carryaround B．takeoutC．gooff D．putup10．A.harder B．clevererC．simpler D．slower11．A.got B．fledC．moved D．flew12．A.volunteers B．studentsC．workers D．friends13．A.economically B．personallyC．environmentally D．privately14．A.reporter B．editorC．educator D．reminder15．A.society B．povertyC．politics D．safety[答題區(qū)]1～5________6～10________11～15________Ⅱ.語法填空LakePowell,thesecondlargesthuman-madereservoir(水庫)intheUS,haslostnearly7%ofitspotentialstoragecapacitysinceit1.________(build)in1963.Inadditiontowater2.________(lose)duetoyearsofdrought,theUSGeologicalSurveyfound,LakePowell3.________(face)anaverageannuallossinstoragecapacityofabout33，270acre-feetperyearbetween1963and2024.That'senoughwater4.________(fill)theReflectingPoolontheNationalMallabout1，600times.Thecapacityofthereservoirisbecomingsmallerbecauseofsediments(沉淀物)5.________(flow)infromtheColoradoandSanJuanrivers.Thosesedimentssettleatthebottomofthereservoir6.________decreasethetotalamountofwaterthatthereservoircanhold.It'sbadnewsforaregion7.________hasalreadyfacedwatershortagesandextremewildfiresduetothedrought.LakePowellis8.________importantreservoirintheColoradoRiverBasin.BothLakePowellandnearbyLakeMead,thenation'slargestreservoir,aredryingup9.________analarmingrate.InAugust,thegovernmentdeclaredawatershortageontheColoradoRiverforthefirsttimeafterLakeMead'swaterleveldecreasedtoarecordlow,leadingtocutsinwaterconsumptionforthe10.________(state)intheSouthwestthatbeganinJanuary.[答題區(qū)]1．________2.________3.________4．________5.________6.________7．________8.________9.________10．________Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作假定你是某國際學(xué)校學(xué)生李華，你的愛爾蘭筆友Kelly對(duì)你提到的學(xué)校“多元文化日”(MulticulturalDay)活動(dòng)很感愛好。請(qǐng)回信告知他關(guān)于該活動(dòng)的相關(guān)信息。內(nèi)容包括：1．活動(dòng)時(shí)間；2．活動(dòng)目的和內(nèi)容。留意：1．寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。DearKelly，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，LiHuaⅣ.讀后續(xù)寫[2024·浙江省紹興市一模]Ms.JohnsonwillneverforgetChelsea,awoundedsoul.OvertheyearsChelseahadalwaysstruggled,bothacademicallyandwithself-confidence.Additionally,hermotherhaddiedafteraheroicbattlewithaterminalillnesswhenChelseawasafifthgrader.Asshebeganhersixthgrade,Chelseawasstillhurting.Ms.Johnsonworriedaboutherwithgoodreason.Eachfall,Ms.Johnsontakesthestudentsforafive-dayadventureatWolfRidge,anenvironmentallearningcenterinthewoodsofNorthernMinnesotaoverlookingLakeSuperior.Theweekisfilledwithlearning,teambuilding,andovercomingseeminglyimpossiblechallenges.TheygoinOctober,andtheturningleavesoftreescometosymbolizethechangeshappeningtothestudentsovertheweek.ThestepsandgrowthstudentsmakeatWolfRidgebecomeametaphorMs.Johnsonusesthroughouttheyearasherstudentsfacechallengesintheclassroom.ThemostdifficultactivityistheHighAdventureRopesCourse,whichstretchesfromtowertotowerhighamongestthetreetopsfortyfeetabovetheground.Ms.JohnsonknewthisexperiencewouldbeparticularlydifficultforChelsea.Whenitwastimeforhertofastentheharness(平安帶),Chelseawasalreadytrembling.Theharnessoffersphysicalprotection,butnotmuchmentalcomfortwhennothingbutaslipperyboardoranunsteadywireisbetweenyourfeetandthegroundfarbelow.ChelseasteppedhesitantlyontotheSwingingWoodBridge,andonlyaftertheinstructor'sencouragement,slowlymadeherwayacrossitsshakyboardsuptothefirsttower.Withthesupportofachaperone(監(jiān)護(hù)人)stationedthere,shebeganherwayacrosstheBurmaBridge,madeofmerelythreewiresandstraps.Hertremblingbodyaddedtoitsshaking.Fromdownbelow,hergroundpartnersshoutedupsupportively,“Comeon,Chelsea,you'redoinggreat！”Chelseafinallyreachedthesecondtowerandeventuallysteppedoutontothenextchallengeandslowlyinchedherwayacross.留意：1．續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式作答。Nowshefacedwhatformanyisthemostdifficultactivity:theSingleWire.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thefinalchallengeisazipline(滑索),whichrequiresleapingoffthelasttowerandslidingtotheground.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________課時(shí)作業(yè)(四十二)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了EradajereOleta用空的薯片袋子為無家可歸的人縫制睡袋的故事。1．答案與解析：A依據(jù)上文可知世界上有垃圾和貧困兩個(gè)主要問題。她有了對(duì)這兩個(gè)問題的解決方法。2．答案與解析：B依據(jù)下文的“不要把空的薯片袋扔進(jìn)垃圾箱，捐贈(zèng)它們”可知，她正在懇求當(dāng)?shù)氐牧闶硱酆谜咧С帧?．答案與解析：C依據(jù)下文“soshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsfor...”可知她要為無家可歸的人做睡袋，所以只須要空的薯片袋。且下文“Chipeatersdropofftheiremptybags...”也是提示。4．答案與解析：D依據(jù)常識(shí)可知，無家可歸的人沒有家，才須要睡袋睡覺。且最終一段的“usingthemtohelpthehomeless”也是提示。5．答案與解析：B上文提到“ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit”讓吃薯片的人把這些袋子放在這兩個(gè)地方，可知是為了在那里收集它們。6．答案與解析：A依據(jù)下文的“ironthemtogether”可知最終要熨燙在一起，所以要先把它們放平整，才能熨燙在一起。7．答案與解析：B依據(jù)下文“eachtakesaround150to300chipbags”可知要用150到300個(gè)薯片袋制作睡袋，所以要對(duì)打算好的材料進(jìn)行縫制。8．答案與解析：D上文提到每個(gè)睡袋大約須要用150到300個(gè)薯片袋，可知，用多少個(gè)取決于它們是單用款的還是家庭款的。固定短語dependon(取決于)。9．答案與解析：A句意：其結(jié)果是一個(gè)“防水、輕巧、易于攜帶”的睡袋。A.carryaround隨身攜帶；B.takeout拿出；C.gooff離開；D.putup搭起。因?yàn)槭菫闊o家可歸的人制作的睡袋，所以要能夠易于攜帶。10．答案與解析：C此處是指與回收薯片袋制作睡袋相比，攢錢買新的袋子更簡(jiǎn)潔一些。11．答案與解析：C依據(jù)上文“ChipeatersdropofftheiremptybagsattwolocationsinDetroit”可知現(xiàn)在她在美國，所以此處是指十年前從尼日利亞搬家到美國。12．答案與解析：A依據(jù)上文可知她在美國始終是和志愿者們一起在做這項(xiàng)事業(yè)，所以她和志愿者同伴們都希望做這樣事業(yè)以獲得更好的生活。13．答案與解析：C依據(jù)上文她要解決世界的兩個(gè)問題：垃圾和貧困，其中垃圾就是環(huán)境問題，所以她的目標(biāo)是對(duì)環(huán)境也要產(chǎn)生影響。14．答案與解析：D依據(jù)上文“there'sthesymbolismofsavingbags”可知節(jié)約袋子有著象征意義，它就在于可以提示人們環(huán)境問題和貧困往往是親密相關(guān)的。15．答案與解析：B依據(jù)上文“Ithinkit'stimetoshowconnectionbetweenalloftheseissues”可知，這些問題(theseissues)就是指文章開頭提到的兩個(gè)問題：垃圾和貧困。所以說環(huán)境問題和貧困親密相關(guān)，人們要時(shí)刻關(guān)注。Ⅱ.語法填空【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要講解并描述了由于干旱，鮑威爾湖的水位不僅直線下降，它的總?cè)萘恳苍谙鳒p。1．答案與解析：wasbuilt考查謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鲋^語，依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“in1963”，可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)，空處和句子的主語it之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可知，空處應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2．答案與解析：loss考查名詞。空處在句中作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞的形式，表示抽象概念為不行數(shù)名詞。3．答案與解析：faced考查謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)?？仗幵诰渲凶髦^語，依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語between1963and2024，可知句子的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過去時(shí)。4．答案與解析：tofill考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鞣侵^語，表將來，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式的形式作定語。5．答案與解析：flowing考查非謂語動(dòng)詞?？仗幵诰渲凶鞣侵^語，和句子的邏輯主語sediments(沉淀物)之間是邏輯的主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作定語。6．答案與解析：and考查連詞。句意：這些沉積物沉積在水庫底部，削減了水庫可以容納的總水量。設(shè)空處并列句子的謂語，應(yīng)用and。7．答案與解析：which/that考查定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語從句且在句中做指物的主語，先行詞為region。8．答案與解析：an考查冠詞?？仗幒鬄槊~單數(shù)的形式，表示泛指，應(yīng)用不定冠詞，因空后的important為元音音素開頭。9．答案與解析：at考查介詞。句意：鮑威爾湖和旁邊的米德湖(美國最大的水庫)正以驚人的速度干枯。atarateof“以……的速度”。10．答案與解析：states考查名詞。空處在句中作賓語，應(yīng)用名詞的形式，依據(jù)后面的“intheSouthwest(美國西南部)”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的形式。Ⅲ.應(yīng)用文寫作參考范文：DearKelly，KnowingthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.Itisdesignedtoincreasethestudents'understandingofdifferentculturesallovertheworld.WecelebrateitonJuly1steveryyear,whenweorganizeavarietyofactivitiessuchasdanceperformances,exhibitionsandfashionshowsandsoon.Itisthroughtheseactivitiesthatwecanhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.Forexample,duringthedanceperformance,wecanenjoydancesperformedbystudentsfromdifferentcountries.Yours，LiHua【語篇解讀】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于應(yīng)用文。要求考生給愛爾蘭筆友Kelly寫回信，介紹學(xué)校的“多元文化日”活動(dòng)?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累對(duì)……有愛好：beinterestedin→haveinterestin是為了：bedesignedtodo→beintendedtodo組織：organize→arrange各種各樣的：avarietyof→various2．句式拓展簡(jiǎn)潔句變復(fù)合句原句：KnowingthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.拓展句：BecauseIknowthatyouareinterestedinMulticulturalDayofourschool,Iamwritingtointroduceittoyou.【點(diǎn)睛】【高分句型1】WecelebrateitonJuly1steveryyear,whenweorganizeavarietyofactivitiessuchasdanceperformances,exhibitionsandfashionshowsandsoon.(運(yùn)用了when引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句)【高分句型2】Itisthroughtheseactivitiesthatwecanhaveadeeperunderstandingofdifferentculturesaroundtheworld.(運(yùn)用了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itis＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋句子其它部分)Ⅳ.讀后續(xù)寫參考范文：Nowshefacedwhatformanyisthemostdifficultactivity:theSingleWire.Thinkingaboutthefactthattherewasonlyonewire,Chelseawastremblingagainandafraidtomakeonemorestep.Buthearingthecheersfromherteacheran