外研版

必修二Unit3OntheMoveUsinglanguage(to-infinitiveasattributiveandadverbialofresult)Everyoneseemedtobeexcitedwiththeopeningceremonyof2022BeijingWinterOlympics.每個(gè)人似乎都對(duì)2022北京冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的開(kāi)幕式感到很激動(dòng)。PeoplelookedexcitedtowatchBeijingWinterOlympics.TheWinterOlympicswasthebiggestthingtocareforinthosedays.

觀看北京冬奧會(huì)的人們看起來(lái)很興奮。北京冬奧會(huì)成了這些天最關(guān)注的事?！芭e辦2022年冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)是我們國(guó)家巨大的榮幸?！瘪杭?，奧運(yùn)會(huì)志愿者,在2021年1月5日說(shuō),“我很榮幸能成為北京冬季奧運(yùn)會(huì)的志愿者”?！癟ohostthe2022WinterOlympicsisagreathonorforourcountry.”QinChunjia,anOlympicsvolunteersaidinJanuray15,2021,“IfeelhonoredtobeavolunteerofBeijingWinterOlympics.”Towinthecompetition,thecompetitorshavetopracticeharddayandnight.為了贏得比賽，運(yùn)動(dòng)員們不得不沒(méi)日沒(méi)夜地練習(xí)。GuAilingdecidedtocompeteinBeijingWinterOlympicsseveralyearsagoandworkhardtogetwellpreparedforit.Ultimately,Shegot

FreestyleSkiingWorldChampionshipandmade

historyasthefirst-everfemaletowin2goldand1silvermedals.谷愛(ài)凌幾年前決定參加北京冬奧會(huì)比賽,并為此努力準(zhǔn)備。最終，她在自由式滑雪世界杯奪冠并以兩金一銀第一位女性創(chuàng)作了歷史。

SuYimingwishedhimselftogetanothergoldmedalinsnowboardingforhis18thbirthday.Whathewantedtosaytoteenagersistotrybesttomaketheirdreamscometrue.蘇翊鳴希望他自己為他的18歲生日再獲一枚滑雪金牌。他想要對(duì)青少年說(shuō)的是盡最大的努力實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。

PeoplewereamazedtowatchJinBoyancompeteinMen'sSingleFigureSkatingCompetition.

人們驚奇地觀看金博洋的男子單人花樣滑冰比賽。to-infinitiveasattributiveandadverbialofresult

Lookatthesentencesfromthereadingpassageandanswerthequestions.1Whatisthefunctionof“toplay”insentence（a）?Isitusedtogivedescriptionorshowresult?“Toplay”servesasattributiveinsentence（a）.Itisusedtogivedescription.2Whatisthefunctionof“toattract”insentence（b）?Isitusedtogivedescriptionorshowresult?“Toattract”servesasadverbialofresultinsentence（b）.Itisusedtoshowresult.a

Thatfootballissuchasimplegametoplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.b

Itisfunenoughtoattractmillionsofpeople.c

Thatfootballissuchasimplegamethatpeopleplayisperhapsthebasisofitspopularity.d

Itissofunthatitattractsmillionsofpeople.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.

3

Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?Thefirstgroupofsentencesusesto-infinitiveasattributiveandadverbialofresult，whilethesecondgroupusesattributiveandadverbialclauses.4Whydoestheauthorchoosetousesentences（a）and（b）inthereadingpassage? Becauseusingto-infinitivemakessentencesmoreconcise.Summary不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要放在被修飾的詞語(yǔ)后面。Isthisthebestwaytohelphim?不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí),與被修飾的詞語(yǔ)在邏輯上存在主謂關(guān)系/動(dòng)賓關(guān)系/同位關(guān)系/狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系等。to-infinitiveasattributive不定式作定語(yǔ)用法例句邏輯關(guān)系主謂關(guān)系(被修飾的名詞或代詞實(shí)際上是不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)。)Weneedsomeone

tohelpwiththework.我們需要有人來(lái)幫忙做這工作。動(dòng)賓關(guān)系(被修飾的名詞或代詞是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)。)Canyougivemesomething

toeat?你能給我點(diǎn)吃的嗎?用法例句邏輯關(guān)系同位關(guān)系(不定式與所修飾的名詞指的是一回事。)Wehavemadeaplan

tolearnfromLeiFeng.我們制訂了一個(gè)向雷鋒學(xué)習(xí)的計(jì)劃。狀語(yǔ)關(guān)系(被修飾的名詞實(shí)際上表示動(dòng)詞不定式動(dòng)作的方式、時(shí)間等。)Ihavenotime

togothere.我沒(méi)有時(shí)間去那兒。介詞使用不定式與其所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,而該不定式為不及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其后須加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~,構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。Heisapleasantperson

toworkwith.

他是一個(gè)與其合作起來(lái)令人感到愉快的人。Havingreunitedafteralongdeparture,

thetwocertainlyhavealot

totalkabout.

兩人久別重逢,自有許多話要說(shuō)。不定式作定語(yǔ)且所修飾的名詞是time、place或way時(shí),不定式后的介詞一般要省去。Hehadnomoneyandnoplace

tolive.(省去了in)他沒(méi)有錢也沒(méi)有地方住。to-infinitiveasattributive不定式作定語(yǔ)主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)當(dāng)不定式修飾的名詞或代詞為不定式動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí),

不定式主動(dòng)形式與被動(dòng)形式的含義有所不同。Thereisnothingtodo.

沒(méi)有事情可以做。Thereisnothingtobedone.

什么也做不了。Ihavesomeclothestowash.

(自己洗)我有一些衣服要洗。Ihavesomeclothestobewashed.

(他人洗)我有一些需要洗的衣服。to-infinitiveasattributive不定式作定語(yǔ)跟不定式作定語(yǔ)的名詞ability,ambition,anxiety,decision,desire,failure,offer,permission,plan,promise,refusal,wish,chance等Heassuredusofhisabilitytosolvetheproblem.

他向我們保證他有能力解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。Sheexpressedawishtobealone.

她表示想要單獨(dú)待一會(huì)兒。to-infinitiveasadverbialofresult

不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)用法例句意義不定式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ),可以表示意料之中的或出乎意料的結(jié)果,不定式要放在句子后面。(常與learn,find,see,hear,make等動(dòng)詞連用。)Ireturnedhomethatdaytofindthateverythingwasbeingingoodorder.那天我回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)一切都那么井井有條。Afterthemeeting,theypartedcompany,never

toseeeachother.散會(huì)后,他們分道揚(yáng)鑣,從此再也沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)面。常用結(jié)構(gòu)enoughto...Shewasbraveenoughtogotherealone.她有足夠的勇氣獨(dú)自到那里去。too...to...Theyweretooexcitedtosayaword.他們太激動(dòng)了,以至于一句話也說(shuō)不出來(lái)了。so...asto...YesterdaymorningIgotupsolateastobelateforschool.昨天早晨我起得那么晚,以至于上學(xué)都遲到了。such...asto...Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelievethat.我們不是那樣的傻子,竟會(huì)相信那件事。onlyto...(常表示出乎意料的結(jié)果)Theyliftedastoneonlytodropitontheirownfeet.他們搬起石頭,卻砸了自己的腳。Therulesofthegamearesosimple.Theymakethegameeasytoplay.Theballissmallenough.Itfitsintomostsportsbags.Givemealistoftheteams.Theycanenterthecompetition.Thefootballhasadream.Hewantstoplayforatopteam.Wearrivedatthestadium.Wefoundthatthegamehadbeencanceled.Jointhesentencesusingtheto-infinitiveform.Activity2(P29)

Therulesofthegamearesimpleenoughtomakethegameeasytoplay.Theballissmallenoughtofitintomostsportsbags.Givemealistoftheteamstoenterintothecompetition.Thefootballerhasadreamtoplayforatopteam.Wearrivedatthestadiumtofindthatthegamehadbeencanceled.

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tohelpyoukeeptrackoftorecordyoursteps，speedanddistancetoenableyoutostayhands-freetobecomfortabletowearRewritetheunderlinedpartsusingtheto-infinitivefor