PAGEPAGE1中式英語之鑒《對(duì)外宣傳中的英語質(zhì)量亟待提高》望文生義，不符合英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣的翻譯，即所謂Chinglish：舉例：膠水glue不準(zhǔn)拍照Nophotography當(dāng)心碰頭Mindyourhead拳頭產(chǎn)品fistproduct/keyproduct黃金地段hitarea看世界（電視欄目）opentotheworld不符合國際上通用慣例的翻譯，主要指一些常用的專門術(shù)語：舉例：外向型產(chǎn)業(yè)export-orientedindustry保稅區(qū)bondedarea小商品博覽會(huì)smallcommodityfair/InternaionalCommoditiesFair漢語中某些地道的簡略語英譯后令人難以理解：舉例：五講四美fivestressesandfourpointsofbeauty三通threeexchanges(ofmail,trade,airandshippingservices)意思譯走樣的翻譯：舉例：進(jìn)出口商品結(jié)構(gòu)structureofimportsandexports;commoditycompositionofimportsandexports;patternofimportandexportmerchandise;lineupsofimportsandexports;機(jī)場班車airportshuttle空調(diào)公共汽車anair-conditionedbus（海南島）天涯海角UltimaThule，只顧詞語的字面意思，而不顧其特殊含義的翻譯：舉例：仲裁員休息室Refereeslounge旅游熱點(diǎn)travelhotspots摸著石頭過河movesteadily;lookbeforeyouleap;超值享受invaluableenjoyment人文奧運(yùn)HumanityOlympics科技奧運(yùn)ScientificOlympics在不了解中外文化差異情況下的文化移植：舉例：以外貿(mào)企業(yè)為龍頭以漢語拼音權(quán)充翻譯：舉例：止咳川貝枇杷露ChuanbeiBipaCoughsyrup上海皮鞋Shanghaileathershoes說話的語氣或口氣不當(dāng)，影響對(duì)外宣傳效果：舉例：旅客登記時(shí)，須憑足以證明本人身份的有效證件，并說明住宿原因。旅客必須遵守賓館飯店的規(guī)章制度，服從工作人員的管理，愛護(hù)飯店的公共財(cái)物?！瓕?duì)違反上述規(guī)定的旅客，飯店有權(quán)責(zé)成改正。譯文：Guestsarerequestedtoshowtheirownvalidpaperstoprovetheiridentitiesandtotellthereasonforlodgingwhentheycheckinatthehotel.Everyguesthastheobligationtoabidebytherulesandregulationsofthehotel,cooperatewiththepersonnelincarryingouttheirdutiesandtakegoodcareofthepropertyinthehotel.Theauthorityofthehotelhastherighttoreasonwithanyonewhohasviolatedtheregulationsmentionedabove.……參考譯文：Pleasehelpustospeedupyourcheck-inbypresentingyourID.Ourguestsarekindlyexpectedtoheedtherulesandregulations.Yourcooperationwillbeappreciatedinmakingourserviceseffective.……標(biāo)記語：勿動(dòng)展品Notouch,please.閑人免進(jìn)NoAccessforUnauthorizedPersons/NoAdmittanceexceptonBusinee問訊處adversoary失物招領(lǐng)處LostandFound男更衣室malefitroom鱷魚傷人，嚴(yán)禁游泳。保持車距，小心撞車。Keepdistance,don’tkissme軍事要地，閑人免進(jìn)。車輛到此，停車?yán)U費(fèi)。Nomoney,noparking標(biāo)語及廣告語：1．“本店所備飲食，使你回味無窮?！盢oAdulteryAllowed不得有任何摻雜LearnfromCivilizedTourists!/SalutetoCivilizedTourists!向文明游客致敬!歡迎參加英語角活動(dòng)！WelcometoEnglishCorner!不得弄虛作假！Nocheating!我們的事業(yè)一定勝利！Wewillsucceedintheend!我們改革開放的步子要邁得更大一些。熱烈歡迎國內(nèi)外佳賓參加貿(mào)易洽談會(huì)！Iextendmywarmestwelcometoourhonourableguestsathomeandbroadtothisconsultation.歡迎國內(nèi)外佳賓光臨本市！I’mverygladtohavetheattendanceofthedistinguishedguestsfromhomeandabroadtocomehere結(jié)合漢語文化中特有的并經(jīng)常見諸媒體的事物談?wù)劮g過程中文化因素的處理方法直譯扶貧helpingthepoor/povertyrelief/help-the-poor反腐倡廉tocombatcorruptionandbuildacleangovernment假冒偽劣商品fakeandinferiorgoods/counterfeitandshoddygoods打假tocrackdownoncounterfeitgoods公章officialseal意譯八七扶貧攻堅(jiān)計(jì)劃theplantoassist80millionpeopleinhavingsufficientfoodandclothingwithinsevenyears投機(jī)倒把toengageinspeculationandprofiteering/playthemarket計(jì)劃生育familyplanning;birthcontrol西氣東送工程West-Eastgastransmissionproject辭職下海toresignandgoinforbusiness搖頭丸Ecstasy/dancingoutreach/anarcotic/(MDMAdrug)紅白喜事(wearredorwhite,thatis,at)weddingsandfunerals“包二奶”tokeepawomanotherthanone’swifeashissexualpartnerillegally直譯+意譯傳銷pyramid-selling/directsales高考universityentranceexamination紅頭文件officialdocumentP.S.超常規(guī)發(fā)展:foresightdevelopmentstrategies直譯或意譯（由語境決定）兩條腿走路walkingontwolegs/todotworelatedthingssimultaneously/tobalancetherelationsbetweentwoaspects陰盛陽衰YinriseswhileYangdeclines/theYangforcedrecedeinfavoroftheYinforces/thefemalebeingstrongerandmorepowerful,ormorenumerousthanthemale直譯+解釋菜籃子工程“vegetablebasket”project-aprojectforestablishingproductionbasesandincreasingnon-staplefoodsupply希望工程ProjectHope,aprojecttoenlistpopularsupporttohelpchildrenofpoorfamiliesreceiveschooling開后門toopenthebackdoor-toofferadvantagestoone’sfriendsorrelationsbyunderstandmeans蹲牛棚tobekeptina“cowshed”,adetentionhouse(asapunishmentduringtheCulturalRevolution,1966-1976)一刀切tocutitevenatonestroke-tomakeitrigidlyuniform/tofindasinglesolutionormodelforsth.直譯+注釋三個(gè)代表"ThreeRepresents",namelythatthePartymustalwaysrepresentthedevelopmenttrendofChina'sadvancedproductiveforces,theorientationofChina'sadvancedcultureandthefundamentalinterestsoftheoverwhelmingmajorityoftheChinesepeople,isthecrystallizationoftheParty'scollectivewisdomandaguidingideologythePartymustfollowforalongtimetocome,Jiangsaidinhisreport.五講、四美、三熱愛fivestresses,fourpointsofbeautyofmind,andthreeaspectsoflove(stressondecorum,manners,hygiene,disciplineandmorals,beautyofmind,language,behaviorandtheenvironment,loveofthemotherland,socialismandtheCommunistParty)三講Threestresses(stressonpolitics,studyandrectitude)三通Threedirectlinks(directshipping,postalandbusinessservicesbetweenTaiwanandtheChinesemainland紅衛(wèi)兵RedGuards(massorganizationofyoungpeopleduringtheCulturalRevolution)音譯+注釋/解釋法輪功FalunGong(anevilreligiousorganizationwithLiHongzhiasitsfounderandhead)陰陽YinandYang,thetwoopposingprinciplesinnature,theformerfeminineandnegative,thelattermasculineandpositive大字報(bào)Dazibao;Bigcharacterposter衙門yamen(governmentofficeinfeudalChina)旗袍chi-pao/qipao(aclose-fittingwoman'sdresswithhighneckandslitskirt)觀音菩薩GUanyin,goddessofmercy(Avalokitesvara)借譯打白條toissue/giveanIOU禪宗Zen如來佛Tathagada音義合譯烏龍茶oolong(tea)功夫片gongfumovies綜合譯法知識(shí)青年上山下鄉(xiāng)Educatedurbanyoungpeoplegoandworkinthecountryside.(usuallyreferringtosecondaryschoolgraduateswhowereunabletopursuetheirstudiesininstitutionsofhigherlearningduringtheCulturalRevolution,1966-1976)漢譯英新詞難詞規(guī)范（直譯乎？意譯乎？）為了規(guī)范翻譯市場，提高翻譯質(zhì)量，保證我國對(duì)外宣傳工作的順利進(jìn)行，中國譯協(xié)中譯外委員會(huì)決定定期組織研討會(huì)議，對(duì)目前對(duì)外宣傳中出現(xiàn)的一些漢語新詞、疑難詞匯的英譯進(jìn)行規(guī)范。（中譯外委員會(huì)由來自外交部、中央編譯局、中國外交局、新華社、中國國際廣播電臺(tái)、中國日?qǐng)?bào)社等部門的專家學(xué)者組成）這些新詞難詞的翻譯涉及直譯/意譯以及搭配問題：外資企業(yè)foreigninvestedenterprise拳頭產(chǎn)品coreproducts下崗/分流layoff/repositionofredundantemployees三角債chaindebt基本生活費(fèi)basi