preposition

介詞河南省商城縣觀廟一中穆正東1/47介詞是一個(gè)用來表示詞與詞,詞與句之間關(guān)系詞。在句中不能單獨(dú)作句子成份。介詞后面普通有名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞其它詞類，短語或從句作它賓語。介詞含義2/47什么是介詞？它作用是什么？1.Lookat

me.()2.Hegoestoschoolby

bike.()3.Heisinterestedin

drawing.()4.Thebookisonthedesk.()代詞名詞

動(dòng)名詞介詞:通慣用在_________、_______、_______

之前，表示某個(gè)人、事物/東西、事件與另一個(gè)之間_________。名詞代詞名詞動(dòng)名詞關(guān)系3/47介詞主要分類：1.atthecinema,inthehospital__________2.Writewithapen,gobybus___________3.insummer,onSeptemper1st___________4.bytheway,atlast,intheend___________地點(diǎn)介詞方式介詞時(shí)間介詞固定搭配4/47一.地點(diǎn)介詞1.atthevillage,athome,atthecornerofthestreet..______________________2.inShanghai,inthecountry,inAsia,intheworld,

inspace…

_______________________3.inthebox,onthechair,underthedesk,nexttoKate,ontherightofLucy,infrontofthehouse,behindthedoor…_________________________表示小地方用at表示大地方用in表示不一樣地方用詳細(xì)不一樣介詞5/47填上正確地點(diǎn)介詞：1.在廣州_______Guangzhou2.在電影院_______thecinema3.在湖邊_______thelake4.在海里_______thesea5.樹上蘋果apples______thetree6.書上小鳥birds______thetree7.在天空上______thesky8.在教室外_________theclassroom9.在農(nóng)場上________thefarm10.在街道上________thestreetinatbyinonininoutsideonin6/47二.方式介詞1.writewith

apen,cutwithaknife,lockwithalock…____________________2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths…____________________3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,

inthreelanguage…_____________________4.inaloudvoice,inalowvoice…___________________5.inthisway,bythismeans…___________________使用工具用介詞with使用器官用介詞with使用語言用介詞in使用聲音用介詞in使用方法用介詞in或by7/476.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar…(onfoot)byland陸路，bysea水路，byair空運(yùn)

_________________

但：onthebike,onthebus,onthetrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar,inink…7.①Shanghailies___theeastofChina.()②Japanlies_____theeastofChina.()③Hubeilies_____thenorthofHunan.()8.inareadcoat,thegirlinyellow,theboyinwhite…__________________9.lieinbed,afterawhile,inthesun（在陽光下）

underthesun（天下，世界上；到底，終究）使用交通工具用byintoon在中國內(nèi)部在中國外部兩地接壤表示穿衣服用in固定搭配()8/47三.時(shí)間介詞1.atsixo’clock,atnoon,atthattime,athalfpastthree,atmid-night…________________2.onSunday,onNewYear’sDay,onMarch21st,

onmybirthday…_________________3.inthreedays,inaweek,inamonth,inMay,in1998…_____________________4.inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening_____________________

但：onthemorningofMay1st5.atnight=_________night6.intheday=inthe________表示點(diǎn)鐘或詳細(xì)一點(diǎn)時(shí)間用at表示在某一天用on表示大于一天時(shí)間用in在早上/下午/黃昏用inintheday-time9/47later單獨(dú)使用可用未來時(shí)或過去時(shí)態(tài)Theotherswilljoinuslater。lateron以后，再過些時(shí)候7.詳細(xì)時(shí)間用不一樣介詞:在放假期間_____theholiday在圣誕節(jié)期間____Christmas三天之后threedays______（普通過去時(shí)）

____threedays（普通過去時(shí)）

____threedays（普通未來時(shí)）duringlateratafterin注意10/47四、其它介詞:…

,表示數(shù)量oftwokilosoffish作為assuchas關(guān)于about,onabookonIndia目標(biāo),原因,對于for

Shehurriedhomeforherhomework像….

like…Sheislikehermother.離…off

Lucyfelloffherbikeandhurtherleftleg.11/47五、習(xí)慣搭配：1)介詞與名詞:intheend. bytheway.duringtheday. forthefirsttimeintime atthebeginningofinahurry onshowtoone’ssurprise indanger12/472).名詞與介詞:thekeyto… aletterfor…aticketfor….avisitto….thedifferencebetween….and…3).動(dòng)詞與介詞：talkaboutworryaboutlookafter laughatarriveat/inhearfromoperateon apologizetoagreewith gothrough13/474）形容詞與介詞：

begoodat beexcitedat bedifferentfrom bereadyfor belatefor besorryfor beinterestedin becarefulof beproudof befullof bekeenon beharmfulto bekindto bepleasedwith beangrywith bebusywith

14/475）.動(dòng)介詞組與動(dòng)副詞組動(dòng)介：goovergetondependonoperateoncallonjoininarrivein動(dòng)副thinkoverturnonputontakeoffseeoffgetinhandin15/476）輕易犯錯(cuò)地方：Weshallbeverybusywith(in)June.Henrywaswaitingfor(at)thebusstop.Iamusedtowork(working)hardWearelookingforwardtosee(seeing)you.16/47六、易混同介詞辨析1、after/in皆可表示時(shí)間在……之后，其區(qū)分為：

after①.表示“在某點(diǎn)時(shí)間之后”，用于未來時(shí)。如：

We’llgooutforawalkaftersupper.

②.表示“一段時(shí)間之后”，用于過去時(shí)。如：

Mymothercamehomeafterhalfanhour.

in表示“一段時(shí)間之后”，用于未來時(shí)。如：

We’llgotoschoolintwoweeks.17/472、between/among1)between

多指二者之間。如：What'sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?2)among

指三者或三者以上同類事物之間，在或籠統(tǒng)一群人或一些物之中，表示“在……中間，在……之中”。如：Theyoungpeoplelivedandworkedamongtheworkers.

注意：我們能夠說betweenyouandme，但不能說betweenyouandI，因?yàn)閎etween是介詞。3)between還能夠用來指三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上人或物每兩個(gè)之間。三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上名詞用and連接，前面用between，而不用among。如：Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthethreeofthem.Switzerlandlies_______France,Ger-many,AustriaandItaly.between18/473、besides/exceptWehaveseenthecrocodilebesidesLiFang（除……之外，還有）全部計(jì)算在內(nèi)WeareallChineseexceptTominourclass.（除……之外，不計(jì)算在內(nèi)）—Allthestudentsinourclasswenttothecinema___Kangkang,why?—Becausehehadabadcold.A．ExceptB．besidesC．BesideD．without19/47【解析】except“除……之外”，排除……在外意思；besides“除……之外”，包含……在內(nèi)；beside“在…旁邊”；without“沒有”。依據(jù)題意可知用except，故選A。1.

Weallpassedtheexam

Jenny(Jennypassedtoo)./Jenny(Jennydidn’tpass).2.Icandowait.3.WearehereMary.besidesexceptnothing

butallbut20/47over表示與某物不接觸“正上方”，under與其相對，表示“正下方”。Theskyisoverourheads.天空在我們頭頂上。Thecatisunderthetable.那只貓?jiān)谧雷拥紫隆bove表示“在……上方”，“高于”；below與其相對，表示“在…下面”，“低于”。Thetemperaturewillstayabovezerointhedaytime，butatnightitwillfallbelowzeroagain.白天氣溫將保持在零度以上，但在晚上又將降到零度以下。on指兩個(gè)物體表面接觸，一個(gè)在另一上面。Theyputsomeflowersontheteacher’sdesk.他們把一些花放在講桌上。4、over,above,on21/47cross作動(dòng)詞用，“穿過，越過”意思。主要表示在物體表面上橫穿。如橫過馬路、過橋、過河等，與goacross同義。比如：Becarefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.過馬路時(shí)要小心。Cross(Goacross)thebridge,andyouwillseeabigbuiding.過這座橋你就會(huì)看到一棟大樓。cross作名詞用是“十字架，十字形飾物”意思。across是介詞，有“橫跨，橫穿，穿越”之意。across與go/walk等動(dòng)詞連用表示“穿過，越過，橫穿”意思。與cross基本同義，也是表示從物體表面經(jīng)過。比如：Goacrosstheroad,youwillfindthepostofficeonyourleft.橫過這條公路，你會(huì)發(fā)覺郵局就在你左邊。5、cross，across,through22/47through是介詞，“在...之中，透過”意思，常與go,walk等動(dòng)詞連用，表示“穿越，橫穿”等意思。主要表示從物體內(nèi)部穿過。如穿過森林、隧洞等。

比如：Thetwofriendswerewalkingthroughtheforest.這兩個(gè)朋友正沿著森林走。

Thesunlightcomesthroughtheglass.陽光透過玻璃。

1.Wemust________theroadverycarefully.2.Beforegoing_________theroad,youshouldlookleftfirstandthenright.3.Itrytogetintotheroom________thewindowbecauseIcan’topenthedoor.4.Theydrove_______thestreetquickly,butthepolicecaughtthematlast.5.It’sdangeroustoswim________theriver.6.Go_________thebridgeandyouwillseethestation.crossacrossacrossacrossacrossthrough23/47infrontof

表示“在某人或某物前面”，在某個(gè)范圍以外；inthefrontof

表示“在……前部”，在某個(gè)范圍以內(nèi)比如：Therearesometalltreesinfrontofthebuilding.在樓前有一些高樹。Theteacherissittinginthefrontoftheclassroom.老師坐在教室前面

6、infrontof,inthefrontof24/47oninoverontoundertoacrossthrough

infrontofbehindbesidenearatintofrominthemiddleof25/477、above\over\on\below\underbelowunderBecareful,thereisaheavybox______yourhead.Thesunis_____themountainintheeast.Therearesomestamps_______thedesk.Thepositionhepointedtowas_______thesealevel.Thelittlemouseis_____thetable,soitisnoteasytofindit.overaboveonabove\belowunder26/47表示“延續(xù)一段時(shí)間”時(shí)，可用“for＋時(shí)間段”或“since＋過去時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，常與含延續(xù)動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)連用。

—Howlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity?

你在這座城市待了多久了？

—Fortenyears.十年。

MrSmithhaslivedheresince1998.

史密斯先生自從1998年就住在這。8、since,for27/47表示"在……上"時(shí)，不是都用"on"，有時(shí)須用in。在樹上inthetree

用于指樹上鳥、人等。onthetree用于指生長在樹上葉子、果實(shí)。在墻上inthewall鑲嵌在墻內(nèi)，指窗戶、門、釘子等。onthewall在墻表面之上，指地圖、畫像等。在報(bào)紙上inthenewspaper用于指報(bào)上內(nèi)容。onthenewspaper用于指放在報(bào)紙上東西，如眼鏡等。9、in,on28/47bemadeof

＋從成品上看得出材料bemadefrom＋從成品上看不出原料bemadein＋產(chǎn)地bemadeby＋制造者bemadeupof由…組成，由…組成bemadeinto被制成…ItissaidthatthiskindofclothismadeofsilkanditismadeinChina.聽說這種布料是由絲綢制成而且由中國制造。Thiswineismadefromgrapes.這酒是葡萄釀。ThismachineismadebyUncleWang.這機(jī)器是王伯伯制造。Thearticleismadeupoffourparts.這篇文章有四部分組成。Flour（面粉）canbemadeintobread.10、bemadeof、bemadefrom、bemadein、bemadeby、bemadeupof、bemadeinto29/47beusedfordoingsth.=beusedtodosth.意為“被用來做……”。介詞for表示用途，后接名詞或動(dòng)詞-ing形式。

beusedby

意為“被…使用”，介詞by后面接動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者(賓語)。

beusedas

意為“被用作……”，介詞as表示“作為”，

beusedtodoingsth.意為“習(xí)慣于做……”，to是介詞。

Thestampisusedforsendingletters.郵票是用來郵信。

Englishiswidelyusedbytravellersandbusinesspeopleallovertheworld.英語被全世界旅行者和商人廣泛使用。

Englishisusedasthesecondlanguageinmanycountries.

英語在許多國家被看成第二語言。

Iamusedtogettingupearlyeverymorning.我習(xí)慣早晨早起。11、beusedfordoingsth、beusedtodosth、beusedby、beusedas、beusedtodoingsth.30/4712、其它混同詞組inthewall（在墻表面）

onthewall（在墻內(nèi)部）goondoingsthgoontodosthgoonwithsth接著做同一件事繼續(xù)做不一樣事接著做相同事31/47befamiliarwithsb./sth.（人）熟悉某人/某物befamiliartosb.…（物）為某人所熟悉bestrictwithsb.對某人嚴(yán)格要求bestrictinsth.嚴(yán)格對待某事intheair在空中ontheair播出shoutto呼叫，向…喊shoutat對…吼，責(zé)罵intheend＝atlast＝finally最終bytheendof到…末止attheendof在…結(jié)束時(shí)，在…末端，32/47beknowntosb.為某人所知

beknownas作為…而知名，被叫作…beknownfor因…而知名bebusywithsth.忙于某事bebusydoingsth.忙著做某事aheadoftime提前，超前

sometime某時(shí)

sometime某段時(shí)間，某一時(shí)期

sometimes=attimes有時(shí)

sometimes許屢次，許多倍

atatime=eachtime每次

atonetime=once曾經(jīng)33/4713、練一練

在…歲時(shí)___theageof

有時(shí)___times/sometimes

開始,在…起初___thebeginningof

此刻___the/thismoment=now

在…結(jié)尾,在…盡頭___theendof比如____example=such____

慌忙地___ahurry

到…時(shí)候____thetime=when

從…到…_____…___…

在戶外,在野外___theopenair

atatatatatforinbyfromtoinas34/47

相鄰，靠近next___遍布all_____未來___thefuture

因?yàn)?幸虧thanks___

過了一會(huì)兒_______awhile在地球上___theearth

到底、終究___earth

下課/放學(xué)/下班后______class/school/work

展出___show值日___duty

獨(dú)立,單獨(dú)all___oneself

令(某人)詫異___one’ssurprisetointoafteronafterononbytooveron35/47arrive___/___aplacefind___（發(fā)覺，找到）geton/along_____beafraid__sth.hand___(上交）hand___(分發(fā)）beangry____sb.beangry____sth.bestrict____sb.bestrict__sth.beready___befull__=befilled_____begood___=dowell____bebusy_____sth.belate___beinterested__eat___give___(放棄）grow___

inatwithupinforatforupupoutofwithwithofinatoutwithinwithin36/47

hearfrom(sb)ringup

holdon1.繼續(xù);堅(jiān)持;保持2.(打電話時(shí))等一等

hurryupstopsb.from

doingsth.knockat/ontakeofflaughattakepartinlistentothinkaboutlookafter/at/for/up/outtryontryouttakecareofturnon/offmakefriendswithwaitforpayforwakeupputon/up/offwritedownworryaboutmakeprogresswith37/471.Hisfatherisveryangry_________him

hisstudy.A.at，withB.with，atC.to，aboutD.about，to2.Paperismade_________wood.A.fromB.ofC.byD.in3.Thebasketisfull_________apples.A.withB.ofC.inD.by4.Katecan'tcome.Let'saskweiHuainstead______her.A.ofB.forC.toD.with5.Theheavyrainstoppedme___gettingtoschoolontime.A.toB.fromC.onD.forBABAB38/476.LiLida'sparentsareveryproud_________theirson.A.toB.inC.forD.of7.Thefoxlookedup_________acocksitting

thetree.A.to，inB.at,inC.for，onD.at，on8.Pleasewait_________thebusstopnearmyhome.A.forB.atC.nextD.infront9.Whereisyourbikemade_________?A.inB.fromC.ofD./10.Whentheredlightison，it'sdangeroustogo_____thestreet.A.acrossB.throughC.crossD.toDBBDA39/4711.Heisrich_____unhappy.A.orB.andC.soD.but12.Takearest______youfinishthework.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while13.Youcan'tpasstheexam,______youstudyhard.A.ifB.ofC.unlessD.and14.______ourteamtriedbest,____wefailed.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.If,andD.Though,/15.Don'tgetoff_______thebusstops.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.soDBDCC40/4716.Thereisagoodplay______TVthisevening.A.onB.byC.in17.Howfarisit____Guangzhou____Beijing?

A.from…toB.from…forC.away…to

18.Japanlies_____theeastofChina.A.toB.inC.on19.Mr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___towweeks.A.forB.afterC.in

20.A:Whattimedidyougettherethismorning?B:____eight.A.InB.AtC.On21.Weallagree_____you.Let’sstartatonce.

A.toB.forC.withAAACBC41/4722.Myauntarrivedhere____awarmspringmorning.

A.inB.atC.on23.A:Whendidyourunclearrive______China?B:HegottoGuangzhou_____themorningofthe16thofApril.A.in,onB.in,inC.at,on24.Hawaiiisfamous_____itsbeautifulbeaches.A.inB.forC.with25.Wemuststopchildrenfrom______withfire.A.playB.playedC.playingCABC42/4726.Look,Tinaiswaiting________thebusstop.

A．forB．a(chǎn)tC．inD．To

27.Whatwouldyouliketodo_____suchabadboy?

A．with

B．onC．a(chǎn)t

D．in

28.Theyoungmanwalked_____theforestandcametoabigriveratlast.

A．on

B．over

C．through

D．a(chǎn)cross

29.Thefood__mycountryisquitedifferent__thathere.

A．in;likeB．to;from

C．from;to

D．in;from

30.Taiwanisabeautifulislandandit's____theeastofFujian.

A．inB．onC．to

BACDC43/4731.—Itissaidthatanewzoowillbebuiltinourtown.

—I'm____it.Zoosareterribleforanimals.

A