2024年06月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題(第1套)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaythatbeginswiththesentence“Thereisagrowingawarenessoftheimportanceofdigitalliteracyandskillsintoday’sworld.”Youcanmakecomments,citeexamplesoruseyourpersonalexperiencestodevelopyouressay.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.Youshouldcopythesentencegiveninquotesatthebeginningofyouressay.PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)Directions:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithelinethroughthecentreQuestionstoarebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.AReplytothemanslastproposalwithinashorttimeB)Signtheagreementifonesmallchangeismadetoit.C)Makeasponsorshipdealforherclientatthemeeting.D)Givethemansomegoodnewsregardingthecontract.2.A)Theyarebecomingimpatient.C)Theyareusedtomakingalterations.B)Theyareafraidtimeisrunningout.D)Theyareconcernedaboutthedetails.3.A)Topreventgeographicaldiscrimination.C)Toavoidanyconflictofinterest.B)Totapthefoodandbeveragemarket.D)Toreduceunfaircompetition.A)Itisapotentialmarketforfoodandbeverage.C)Itisanegligiblemarketforhiscompany.B)Itisveryattractiveforrealestatedevelopers.D)Itisverydifferentfromothermarkets.Questionstoarebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.ATheyarethrilledbyarareastronomicphenomenonB)Theyarecelebratingabigeventonmountaintops.C)Theyareenthusiasticaboutbigscience-relatedstories.DTheyarejoinedbyastronomersallacrossNorthAmerica.illbethemostformidableofitskindinoveracenturyB)ItwillcomeclosesttoEarthinmorethanonehundredyears.CItwilleclipsemanyothersucheventsinhumanhistory.D)ItwillbeseenmostclearlyfromDenver’smountaintops.BStars.D)AnordinaryflyingfessionalequipmentB)Climbtothenearbyheights.C)Fixtheireyesduenorth.D)Makeuseofphoneapps.BDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.stoarebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard9.A)Whetherconsumersshouldbewarnedagainstultra-processedfoods.B)Whetherthereissufficientscientificconsensusondietaryguidelines.C)Whetherguidelinescanformthebasisfornutritionadvicetoconsumers.D)Whetherfoodscientistswillagreeontheconceptofultra-processedfoods.ABythelaborcostforthefinalproducts.C)Bytheextentofchemicalalteration.B)Bythedegreeofindustrialprocessing.D)Bytheconventionofclassification.AIncreasedconsumersexpensesC)People’smisunderstandingofnutrition.B)Greaterriskofchronicdiseases.D)Children’sdislikeforunprocessedfoods.Questionstoarebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.ATheybegintothinkofthebenefitsofconstraints.B)Theytrytoseeksolutionsfromcreativepeople.C)Theytryhardtomaximizetheirmentalenergy.D)Theybegintoseetheworldinadifferentway.AItischaracteristicofallcreativepeople.B)Itisessentialtopushingsocietyforward.C)Itisacreativeperson’sresponsetolimitation.D)Itisanimpetustosocio-economicdevelopment.AScarcityorabundanceofresourceshaslittleimpactonpeople’screativity.B)Innovativepeoplearenotconstrainedinconnectingunrelatedconcepts.C)Peoplehavenoincentivetouseavailableresourcesinnewways.D)Creativepeopletendtoconsumemoreavailableresources.AItiskeytoacompany’ssurvival.B)Itshapesandfocusesproblems.C)Itisessentialtomeetingchallenges.D)Itthrivesbestwhenconstrained.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questionstoarebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.ABecausetheyarelearnedC)Becausetheyhavetobeproperlypersonalized.B)Becausetheycomenaturally.D)Becausetherecanbemoreeffectivestrategies.ATheextentofdifferenceandofsimilaritybetweenthetwosides.B)Theknowledgeofthespecificexpectationtheothersideholds.C)Theimportanceofone’sgoalsandoftherelationship.D)Theapproachesoneadoptstoconflictmanagement.AThefoxC)Theshark.B)Theowl.D)Theturtle.Questionstoarebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.AHelpsavespeciesfromextinctionandboosthumanhealth.B)Understandhowplantsandanimalsperishedoverthepast.C)Helpgatherinformationpubliclyavailabletoresearchers.D)FindoutthecauseofextinctionofBritain’s66,000species.A)Itwasoncedominatedbydinosaurs.C)Itsprospectsdependonfuturehumanbehaviour.B)Ithasenteredthesixthmassextinction.D)Itsclimatechangeisaggravatedbyhumans.21.A)Itdwarfsallothereffortstoconserve,protectandrestorebiodiversityonearth.B)Itiscostlytogetstartedandrequiresthejointeffortsofthousandsofscientists.C)Itcanhelptobringbackthelargenumbersofplantsandanimalsthathavegoneextinct.D)Itisthemostexciting,mostrelevant,mosttimelyandmostinternationallyinspirational.Questionstoarebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.22.A)Culturalidentity.C)TheCopernicanrevolution.B)Socialevolution.D)Humanindividuality.23.A)Itisadelusiontobedisposedof.C)ItisamythspreadbyJohnDonne’spoem.24.A)HebelievesinCopernicanphilosophicaldoctrinesabouttheuniverse.B)HehasgainedamplescientificevidenceattheUniversityofReading.C)Hehasfoundthatourinnerselfandmaterialselfareinterconnected.D)Hecontendsmostofourbodycellscanonlyliveafewdaysorweeks.25.A)Bycomingtoseehowdisruptivesuchproblemshavegottobe.B)Byrealisingthatweallcandoourownbitinsuchendeavours.C)Bybecomingawarethatwearepartofabiggerworld.D)Bymakingjointeffortsresolutelyandpersistently.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.ReadndingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheetwithasingleanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonceIt’squiteremarkablehowdifferentgenresofmusiccansparkuniquefeelings,emotions,andmemories.Studieshaveshownthatmusiccanreducestressandanxietybeforesurgeriesandweareallattractedtowardourownuniquelifesoundtrack.Ifyou’relookingto26stress,youmightwanttogiveclassicalmusicatry.Thesoundsofclassicalmusicproduceacalmingeffectlettingpleasure-inducingdopamine(多巴胺)inthebrainthathelpscontrolattention,learningandemotionalresponses.Itcanalsoturndownthebody’sstressresponse,resultinginanoverallhappiermood.Itturnsoutapleasantmoodcanleadto28inaperson’sthinking.Althoughtherearemanygreat29ofclassicalmusiclikeBach,BeethovenandHandel,noneoftheseartists’musicseemstohavethesamehealtheffectsasMozart’sdoes.Accordingtoresearchers,listeningtoMozartcanincreasebrainwaveactivityandimproveofthebrainthatareresponsibleforhigh-levelmentalfunctions.Evenmaternity31useMozarttohelpnewbornbabiesadapttolifeoutsideofthemother’sbelly.Ithasbeenfoundthatlisteningtoclassicalmusic32reducesaperson’sbloodpressure.Researchersbelievethatthecalmingsoundsofclassicalmusicmayhelpyourheart33fromstress.Classicalmusiccanalsobeagreattooltohelppeoplewhohavetroublesleeping.Onestudyfoundthatstudentswhohadtroublesleepingsleptbetterwhiletheywerelisteningtoclassicalmusic.Whetherclassicalmusicissomethingthatyoulistentoonaregularbasisornot,itwouldn’t34totaketimeoutofyourdaytolistentomusicthatyoufind35.Youwillbesurprisedathowgooditmakesyoufeelandthepotentiallypositivechangeinyourhealth.AalleviatenhibitingKmandatoryBclarityogationcovernitiventrinsicallynificantlyDcomposersseN)soothingEhurtmajesticSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheCuriousCaseoftheTreeThatOwnsItselfA)InthecityofAthens,Georgia,thereexistsarathercuriouslocallandmark—alargewhiteoakthatisalmostuniversallystatedtoownitself.Becauseofthis,itisconsideredoneofthemostfamoustreesintheworld.Sohowdidthistreecometoownitselfandthelandaroundit?B)Sometimeinthe19thcenturyaGeorgiancalledColonelWilliamJacksonreportedlytookloveditso,theearliestdocumentedaccountofthisstoryisananonymouslywrittenfrontpagearticleintheAthensWeeklyBannerpublishedonAugustItstates,“Col.Jacksonhadwatchedthetreegrowfromhischildhood,andgrewtoloveitalmostashewouldantleavesandsturdylimbshadoftenprotectedhimfromtheheavyrainsggsofthefeatheredsingersHewatcheditsgrowth,andwhenreachingaripeoldagehesawthetreestandinginitsmagnificentproportions,hewaspainedtothinkthatafterhisdeathitwouldfallintothehandsofthosewhomightdestroyit.”CTowardsthisendJacksontransferredbymeansofadeedownershipofthetreeandalittlelandaroundittothetreeitself.Thedeedread,“W.H.Jacksonforandinconsiderationofthegreataffectionwhichhebearsthesaidtree,andhisgreatdesiretoseeitprotectedhasconveyeduntothesaidoaktreeentirepossessionofitselfandofalllandwithineightfeetofitonallsides.”Itself.However,intheearly20thcentury,thetreestartedshowingsignsofitsslowdeath,withlittlethatcouldbedoneaboutit.Fathertimecomesforusalleventually,evenouroftenlonglived,tallandleafyfellowcustodians(看管者)ofEarth.Finally,onOctober9,1942,theover30metertalland200-400yearoldtreefell,rumorhasit,asaresultofaseverewindstormand/orviahavingpreviouslydiedanditsrootsrotted.E)Aboutfouryearslater,membersoftheJuniorLadiesGardenClub(who’dtendedtothetreebeforeitsunfortunatedeath)trackeddownasmalltreegrownfromanuttakenfromtheoriginaltree.AndsoitwasthatonOctober9,1946,underthedirectionofProfessorRoyBowdenoftheCollegeofAgricultureattheUniversityofGeorgia,thislittletreewastransplantedtothelocationofitsancestor.Acoupleofmonthslater,anofficialceremonywasheldfeaturingnoneotherthantheMayorofAthens,RobertLMcWhorter,tocommemoratetheoccasion.F)ThisnewtreebecameknownasTheSonoftheTreeThatOwnsItselfanditwasassumedthat,astheoriginaltree’sheir,itnaturallyinheritedthelanditstoodon.Ofcourse,therearemanydozensofothertreesknowntoexistdescendingfromtheoriginal,aspeopletree’sotherchildrenhavepetitionedthecourtsfortheirshareoftheland,soitseemsallgood.Inanyevent,TheSonoftheTreeThatOwnsItselfstillstandstoday,thoughoftenreferredtosimplyasTheTreeThatOwnsItself.ingsusaroundtowhetherJacksoneveractuallygavelegalownershipofthetreetoitselfinthefirstplaceandwhethersuchadeedislegallybinding.H)Well,tobeginwith,itturnsoutJacksononlyspentaboutthreeyearsofhislifeinAthens,startingattheageof43from1829to1832,sortofdismissingtheideathathelovedthetreefromspendingtimeunderitasachildandwatchingitgrow,andthenworryingaboutwhatwouldhappentoitafterhedied.Further,anextensivesearchoflandownershiprecordsinAthensdoesnotseemtoindicateJacksoneverownedthelandthetreesitson.I)Hedidliveonalotoflanddirectlynexttoitforthosethreeyears,butwhetherheownedthatlandornotisn’tclear.Whateverthecase,in1832afouracreparcel,whichincludederswassoldtoUniversityprofessorMalthusAWard.Inthetransaction,WardwasrequiredtopayJacksonasumof$1,200(about$31,000today),eitherforthepropertyitselforsimplyincompensationforimprovementsJacksonhadmadeonthelot.Intheend,whetherheeverrkedatthelyneverownedthelotthetreegrewonwhichisthemostimportantbitforthetopicathand.J)AfterProfessorWardpurchasedtheland,Jacksonandhisfamilypurchaseda655acrecomeintofinancialdifficultiesandhadhislittleplantationseizedbytheClarkeCountySheriff’sofficeandauctionedofftosettlethemortgage.Thus,hadheownedsomelandinAthensitself,includingthelandthetreesaton,presumablyhewouldhavesoldittoraisefundsorotherwisehadittakenaswell.K)Andwhateverthecasethere,Jacksonwouldhaveknownpropertytaxesneededtobepaidonthedeededlandforthetreetobetrulysecureinitsfuture.Yetnoaccountorrecordindicatesanytrustorthelikewassetuptofacilitatethis.L)Ontopofallthis,thereisnohardevidencesuchadeedeverexisted,despitethefactthatdeedrecordsinAthensgobackmanydecadesbeforeJackson’sdeathin1876andthatitwassupposedtohaveexistedin1890inthearchivesaccordingtotheoriginalanonymousnewsreporterwhoclaimstohaveseenit.M)Asyoumightimaginefromallofthis,fewgivecredittothissideofthestory.Sohowdidallofthiscomeaboutthen?N)ItisspeculatedtohavebeeninventedbytheimaginationofthesaidanonymousauthorattheAthensWeeklyBannerintheaforementioned1890frontpagearticletitled“DeededtoItself”,whichbythewaycontainedseveralelementsthataremuchmoreeasilyprovedtobefalse.Astowhytheauthorwoulddothis,it’sspeculatedperhapsitwasa19thcenturyversionofaclick-baitthoughtexerciseonwhetheritwouldbelegalforsomeonetodeedsuchanon-consciouslivingthingtoitselfornot.O)Whateverthecase,thenextknowninstanceoftheTreeThatOwnsItselfbeingmentionedwasntuntil1intheCentennialEditionofthatsamepaper,theAthensWeeklyBanner.eryclearlyjustcopyingtheoriginalarticlepublishedaboutntwasinagainintheAthensWeeklyBanner,againveryclearlycopyingtheoriginalaccount,onlyslightlyreworded,thethcenturyequivalentofrepostswhentheaudiencehasforgottenabouttheoriginal.itfrombeingdestroyed.37.NoproofhasbeenfoundfromanextensivesearchthatJacksonhadeverownedthelandwheretheoaktreegrew..Whenitwasrainingheavily,Jacksonoftentookshelterunderabigtreethatissaidtoownitself.onwhichtheoaktreesat.40.ProfessorWardpaidJacksonoveronethousanddollarswhenpurchasingapieceoflandfromhim.41.Itissaidthetreethatowneditselffellinaheavywindstorm.42.Thestoryoftheoaktreeissuspectedtohavebeeninventedasathoughtexercise.43.Jackson’slittleplantationwasauctionedofftosettlehisdebtinthemid-19thcentury.44.Anofficialceremonywasheldtocelebratethetransplantingofasmalltreetowhereitsancestorhadstood.alterationsinwording.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thereareanumberoffactorsthatinfluencewhetherpeopleintervene.First,theyneedtobeabletoseeariskysituationbeginningtounfold.Second,thecompany’scultureneedstomakethemfeelsafetospeakup.Andthird,theyneedtohavethecommunicationskillstosaysomethingeffectively.daypeoplewitnessthingsonthestreetandchoosetostandidlyby.Thisisknownasthebystandereffect—themorepeoplewhowitnessanevent,thelesslikelyanyoneinthatgroupistohelpthecrowd,themorepeopleassumethatsomeoneelsewilltakecareofit—meaningnooneeffectivelyintervenesoractsinamomentofneed.Thiscrowdmentalityisstrongenoughforpeopletoevadetheirknownresponsibilities.arealsoinstanceswheresupervisorsdonotinterveneeither.itcreatestheprecedentthatthisishowthesesituationsshouldbeaddressed,thusdefiningthesafetycultureforeveryone.DespitethefactthatworkersareencouragedtointervenewhentheyobserveunsafeinnotinterveningThereisafearofpenalty,afearthatthey’llhavetodomoreworkiftheyintervene.Unsuccessfulattemptsinthepastareanotherstrongcontributingfactortowhypeopledon’tintervene—theytendtoprefertodeferthatactiontosomeoneelseforallfuturesituations.whenworkersperformataskwithouttheproperequipmentoriftheconditionsareunsafe.Competentworkersarealsorequiredtostopworkfromcontinuingwhenthere’sadanger.needabroadsetofskillstonotonlyidentifyandalleviateworkplacehazardsbutalsobuildapervisorsitsimportanttoeducateeveryonewithintheorganizationthattheyareobligedtointerveneiftheywitnessapossibleunsafeact,whetheryou’readesignatedcompetentperson,asupervisororafrontlineworker.WhatisoneofthefactorscontributingtofailureofinterventioninfaceofriskybehaviortheworkplaceA)Slacksupervisionstyle.C)Unforeseeablerisk.B)Unfavorableworkplaceculture.D)Blockedcommunication.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“diffusionofresponsibility”(Line4,Para.3)?A)Themorepeoplearearound,themoretheyneedtoworryabouttheirpersonalsafety.B)Themorepeoplewhowitnessanevent,thelesslikelyanyonewillventuretoparticipate.C)Themorepeopleidlingaroundonthestreet,themorelikelytheyneedtakingcareof.D)Themorepeoplearearound,thelesschancesomeonewillstepforwardtointervene.Whathappenswhenunsafebehaviorattheworkplaceisnotaddressedbytheleaders?A)Noonewillintervenewhentheyseesimilarbehaviors.B)Everyonewillseeitastheeasiestwaytodealwithcrisis.C)Workershavetotakeextracautionexecutingtheirduties.D)Workersarelefttotakecareoftheemergencythemselves.Whatistheultimatereasonworkerswon’tactwhentheyseeunsafeoperations?A)Preferenceofdeferringtheactiontoothers.C)Fearofbeingisolatedbycoworkers.B)Anticipationofleadershipintervention.D)Fearofhavingtodomorework.WhatiscriticaltoensuringworkplacesafetyA)Workersbetrainedtooperatetheirequipmentproperly.B)Workersexhibitingat-riskbehaviorbestrictlydisciplined.C)Supervisorscreateasafetyenvironmentfortimelyintervention.D)Supervisorsconducteffectivecommunicationwithfrontlineworkers.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.canmeandifferentthingsItusedtorefertopeopletryingtodtocapturetheneedtocombathuman-madeclimatechange.Thedistinctionbetweenthesetwostrandsofenvironmentalismisthecauseofasplitwithinthescientificcommunityaboutnuclearenergy.Ononesidearepuristswhobelievenuclearpowerisn’tworththeriskandtheexclusiveenewablesarewhenthesunisn’tshiningandthewindisn’tblowing.Nuclearenergy,beingfarcleanerthanoil,gasandcoal,isanaturaloption,especiallywherehydroelectriccapacityislimited.rgovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,isn’tanuncriticalsupporterofnuclearenergy,butsaysit’savaluableoptiontohaveifwe’reseriousaboutreachingcarbonneutrality.“Coretoallofthisisthedegreetowhichyouthinkwecanactuallymeetclimategoalswith100%renewables,”hesaid.“Ifyoudon’tbelievewecandoit,andyoucareabouttheclimate,youareforcedtothinkaboutsomethinglikenuclear.”Theachievabilityofuniversal100%renewabilityissimilarlycontentious.CitiessuchasenewableforyearsButthesecitiesoftenhavesmallpopulations,occasionallystillrelyonfossilfuelenergyandhavesignificantrenewabletheirimmediatedisposalMeanwhilecountriesthatmanagetorunoffrenewablestypicallydosothankstoextraordinaryhydroelectriccapabilities.MerkelinannouncedEnergiewendeanenergytransitionthatwouldphaseoutnuclearandcoalwhilephasinginrenewables.Windandsolarpowertryselectricityin2019.Butprogresshashaltedinrecentyears.Theinstabilityofrenewablesdoesn’tjustmeanenergyisoftennotproducedatnight,butalsothatsolarandwindcanoverwhelmthegridduringtheday,forcingutilitiestopaycustomerstousetheirelectricity.LagginggridcturestrugglestotransportthisoverabundanceofgreenenergyfromGermanysnortht