2022屆重慶實驗外國語中學高三上學期開學考試英語試題考前須知：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將準考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。第一卷選擇題局部第一局部聽力〔共兩節(jié)，總分值20分〕做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)〔共5小題；每題1分，總分值5分〕聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來答復有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15答案是C。1.WhydidthewomangotoMallorca?A.ToteachSpanish.B.Tolookforajob.C.Toseeafriend.2.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Takehimtohospital.B.Gotoaclasswithhim.C.Submitareportforhim.3.Whowilllookafterthechildren?A.Jennifer.B.Suzy.C.Marie.4.Whatarethespeakersgoingtodo?A.Drivehome.B.Goshopping.C.Eatout.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtofryfish.B.Howtomakecoffee.C.Howtoremoveabadsmell.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分〕聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最正確選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，答復第6、7題。6.WhendoesGomezwatchafootballgameonTV?A.Whenhefailstogetaticket.B.Whenthestadiumiscrowded.C.Whenhisfriendsaretoobusy.7.HowmuchdidGomezpayforthefootballgamelasttime?A.$20.B.$25.C.$50.聽第7段材料，答復第8至10題。8.WhatdidAlexdointheafternoon?A.Hehadawalk.B.Hewenthunting.C.Heplantedtrees.9.WhatdidAlexbringback?A.Flowers.B.Leaves.C.Books.10.WhatwasBobdoingwhenAlexsawhim?A.Fishing.B.Takingpictures.C.Swimming.聽第8段材料，答復第11至13題。11.WhatdidDaviddoonhismostrecentholiday?A.Hehadaboattrip.B.Hetookaballoonflight.C.Heclimbedamountain.12.WhatisonDavid’slist?A.Giftsheneededtobuy.B.Thingshewishedtodo.C.Dateshehadtoremember.13WheredoesthewomansuggestDavidgoforhisnextholiday?A.Australia.B.California.C.TheAmazon.聽第9段材料，答復第14至17題。14.WhydidSarahmakethephonecall?A.Toaskafavor.B.Topassonamessage.C.Tomakeanappointment.15.WhereisSarahnow?A.InBrighton.B.Atherhome.C.AttheSheltonHotel.16.WhattimeisMichaelleavinghisplacetomorrowmorning?A.At7:40.B.At8:00.C.At8:20.17.WhatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenJohnandSarah?A.Neighbors.B.Fellowworkers.C.Husbandandwife.聽第10段材料，答復第18至20題。18.Whatdomostpeoplethinkisveryimportantinspokencommunication?A.Pronunciation.B.Vocabulary.C.Grammar.19.Whyshouldyoulistentoexpertsaccordingtothespeaker?A.Todevelopyourreadingfluency.B.Toimproveyournote-takingskills.C.Tofindoutyourmispronunciations.20Whatisthespeaker’slastsuggestion?A.Spelloutthedifficultwords.B.Checkthewordsinadictionary.C.Practicereadingthewordsaloud.第二局部閱讀理解〔共兩節(jié)，總分值50分〕第一節(jié)〔共15小題；每題2.5分，總分值37.5分〕閱讀以下短文，從每題所給的A，B，C和D四個選項中，選出最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AManyofthemoststrikingbeastsontheplanetcomeinonlytwocolors:blackandwhite.Thesehigh-contrastmarkingsrepresentsomeofthenature'smostdiverseevolutionarychoices.Forsomeanimals,black-and-whitecoloringisawaytowarnoffnaturalenemies.Forothers,tokeepinsectsaway.Forstillothers,itcreatesaclevercover.Spendsometimeexploringwhatsciencehasdiscoveredabouttheseanimals’appearances,andyouwillseethatbasicblackandwhiteisn'tsobasicafterall.Skunk(臭鼬)Dependingonthespecies,blackskunksmaywearwhitespotsthatactasacoverorwhitestripesthatsignalenemiestowatchoutfortheirsmellyspray.GiantPandaRecentinsightsintopandacoloringhavecomefromstudyingeachbodypartseparately.Blackearsindicatefierceness,anddistincteyepatchesaidinindividualrecognition.Thepandainwhitebodyhidesitagainstsnow,whileitsdarklimbskeepitfrombeingspottedinforests,acompromisedevelopedfromitspoorbamboodiet:Bamboodoesn’tletpandasbuildupenoughfattohibernate,forcingthemtospendwintersinthesnow.BadgerEvenwhenabadgerisinitscave,itsfacialstripescanbeseen,Zoologistssaythewarningcolorationhelpsthesmallanimalpreventnaturalenemies.Blackbuck(male)Inbrightsun,thebuck’swhitestomachreducestheeffectoftheshadowcastbyhisback,allowinghimtoappearonecolorandtwodimensional—especiallyhidingfromnaturalenemiesinhisownshadow.1.Whichanimalscanusetheircolortowarnoffnaturalenemies?A.SkunkandBadger. B.GiantpandaandZebra.C.BadgerandBlackbuck. D.ZebraandBlackbuck.2.Whitebodyanddarklimbshelpthegiantpandato________.A.showfierceness B.storefat C.recognizeindividuals D.takecover3.Inwhichsectionofamagazinewillthispassageappear?A.SocialLife. B.NutritiousDiets. C.AnimalFacts. D.FashionTrend.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四種只有黑白兩種顏色的動物的知識?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Skunk(臭鼬)Dependingonthespecies,blackskunksmaywearwhitespotsthatactasacoverorwhitestripesthatsignalenemiestowatchoutfortheirsmellyspray.(臭鼬根據(jù)種類的不同，黑色臭鼬身上可能會有白色斑點作為掩護，也可能會有白色條紋，提醒敵人注意它們散發(fā)的臭味)〞以及倒數(shù)第二段“BadgerEvenwhenabadgerisinitscave,itsfacialstripescanbeseen,Zoologistssaythewarningcolorationhelpsthesmallanimalpreventnaturalenemies.(獾即使獾在洞穴里，也能看到它臉上的條紋。動物學家說，這種警示色有助于小動物抵御天敵)〞可知，臭鼬和獾可以用自己的顏色來警告天敵。應選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“GiantPandaThepandainwhitebodyhidesitagainstsnow,whileitsdarklimbskeepitfrombeingspottedinforests,acompromisedevelopedfromitspoorbamboodiet:Bamboodoesn’tletpandasbuildupenoughfattohibernate,forcingthemtospendwintersinthesnow.(大熊貓白色的身體可以讓熊貓在雪地里躲藏起來，而黑色的四肢可以讓它在森林里不被發(fā)現(xiàn)，這是由于熊貓吃的竹子少而形成的折衷：竹子不能讓熊貓積累足夠的脂肪來冬眠，迫使它們在雪地里過冬)〞可知，白色的身體和黑色的四肢幫助大熊貓尋找掩護。應選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyofthemoststrikingbeastsontheplanetcomeinonlytwocolors:blackandwhite.Thesehigh-contrastmarkingsrepresentsomeofthenature'smostdiverseevolutionarychoices.Forsomeanimals,black-and-whitecoloringisawaytowarnoffnaturalenemies.Forothers,tokeepinsectsaway.Forstillothers,itcreatesaclevercover.Spendsometimeexploringwhatsciencehasdiscoveredabouttheseanimals’appearances,andyouwillseethatbasicblackandwhiteisn'tsobasicafterall.(地球上許多最引人注目的動物只有兩種顏色：黑色和白色。這些高比照度的標記代表了自然界最多樣化的進化選擇。對于一些動物來說，黑白兩色是一種警告天敵的方式。對其他動物來說，是為了驅走昆蟲。對于另外一些動物來說，這是一個巧妙的掩護。花些時間探索科學對這些動物外表的發(fā)現(xiàn)，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)根本的黑白不是那么簡單)〞結合文章主要介紹了四種只有黑白兩種顏色的動物的知識?？赏浦?，文章可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的“動物知識〞版面。應選C。BWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline(座機)?Thesedaysyou’dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn’townamobilephone.Infact,plentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter(29%)relyonlyontheirsmartphones,accordingtoasurvey.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdadmitthatit’snotreallynecessaryandthey’rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor—only58percentofGenerationYs(peopleborninorafter1980)stilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomers(peoplebornbetween1946and1964)who’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn’ttheonlyfactor;I’dsayit’salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXers(peoplebornbetween1965and1980)withyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone(usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit).Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?4.Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers. B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions. D.Theircomplexdesign.5.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames. B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones. D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.6.Accordingtoparagraph4,whatisthemainreasonforAustralianfamiliestokeeptheirlandline?A.Users'age. B.Convenience. C.Householddecoration. D.Mobility.7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?A.Itremainsafamilynecessity. B.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.C.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses. D.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了澳大利亞使用固定的情況，并且表達了固定是非必需品的觀點?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thesedaysyou'dbehardpressedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn'townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.(現(xiàn)在你很難在澳大利亞找到15歲以上的沒有的人。事實上，很多年幼的孩子口袋里都有。幾乎每個人都可以隨時隨地撥打和接聽)〞可知，本段主要說明在澳大利亞廣受歡送。應選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“84percentofBabyBoomerswho'veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.(84%的嬰兒潮時期出生的人可能50年來都有相同的家庭號碼)〞以及第五段“Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents(也就是說，老實說，唯一打過我們家的人是嬰兒潮一代的父母)〞可推知，嬰兒潮時代的人一直用固定。應選C。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor—only58percentofGenerationYs(peopleborninorafter1980)stilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomers(peoplebornbetween1946and1964)who’veperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.(超過一半的澳大利亞家庭仍然選擇使用家里的。年齡是一個自然的因素——只有58%的Y一代〔出生于1980年或之后〕仍然使用固定，相比之下，84%的嬰兒潮一代〔出生于1946年至1964年〕可能使用相同的家庭長達50年)〞可知，澳大利亞家庭保存座機的主要原因是用戶的年齡大了。應選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?(你有多喜歡你的座機？它們還要多久才能走上煤氣路燈和早晨送牛奶的道路？)〞可推知，本段使用類比的方式，使用煤氣路燈以及早晨送牛奶已經(jīng)被淘汰的例子，側面說明了固定總有一天會被淘汰。應選D。CWhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.Millionsofwaterfowl(水禽)werekilledatthehandsofmarkethuntersandahandfulofoverlyambitioussportsmen.Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.In1934,withthepassageoftheMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act),anincreasinglyconcernednationtookfirmactiontostopthedestructionofmigratory(遷徙的)waterfowlandthewetlandssovitaltotheirsurvival.UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.TheveryfirstFederalDuckStampwasdesignedbyJ.N.“Ding〞Darling,apoliticalcartoonistfromDesMoines,Iowa,whoatthattimewasapAbout98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.Since1934,betterthanhalfabilliondollarshasgoneintothatFundtopurchasemorethan5millionacresofhabitat.LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.8.WhatwasacauseofthewaterfowlpopulationdeclineinNorthAmerica?A.Lossofwetlands. B.Popularityofwatersports.C.Pollutionofrivers. D.Arrivalofotherwildanimals.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“decimate〞meaninthefirstparagraph?A.Acquire. B.Export.C.Destroy. D.Distribute.10.WhatisadirectresultoftheActpassedin1934?A.Thestamppricehasgonedown.B.Themigratorybirdshaveflownaway.C.Thehuntershavestoppedhunting.D.Thegovernmenthascollectedmoney.11.What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsMigratoryBirdHuntingStampAct(Act)?A.Negative. B.Positive.C.Indifferent. D.Unknown.【答案】8.A9.C10.D11.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了美國聯(lián)邦鴨郵票的誕生背景、具體內(nèi)容和影響。由于之前不恰當?shù)拈_展導致了美國水禽驟減，因此美國發(fā)行了聯(lián)邦鴨郵票，狩獵者只有購置了該郵票才能狩獵，而郵票的局部收入進入到了用于購置水禽棲息地的基金，從而保護了水禽?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段末尾內(nèi)容“Millionsofacresofwetlandsweredriedtofeedandhousetheever-increasingpopulations,greatlyreducingwaterfowlhabitat.(數(shù)百萬英畝的濕地干涸，為不斷增長的人口提供食物和住房，大大減少了水禽的棲息地)〞可知，由于濕地的干涸減少，水禽失去了棲息地，這是水禽數(shù)量減少的一個原因。應選A項?！?題詳解】詞義猜想題。分析劃線單詞句可知，句中“Unfortunately〞意為“不幸的是〞，表達與前文之間的轉折比照關系。根據(jù)前文“NativeAmericanshadtakencareofthesepreciousnaturalresourceswisely.(美洲原住民明智地保護了這些珍貴的自然資源)〞可知，美洲原住民保護了資源，因此“Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlerswhofollowedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.〞應是表達相反含義，即，探險家和外來定居者破壞了這些資源。因此可推知，“decimate〞應是“破壞；毀壞〞含義。應選C項。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容“UnderthisAct,allwaterfowlhunters16yearsofageandovermustannuallypurchaseandcarryaFederalDuckStamp.(根據(jù)這項法案，所有16歲及以上的水禽獵人必須每年購置并攜帶聯(lián)邦鴨章)〞可知，法案要求水禽獵人需要購置并攜帶一枚聯(lián)邦鴨郵票，且結合第三段內(nèi)容“About98centsofeveryduckstampdollargoesdirectlyintotheMigratoryBirdConservationFundtopurchasewetlandsandwildlifehabitatforinclusionintotheNationalWildlifeRefugeSystem—afactthatensuresthislandwillbeprotectedandavailableforallgenerationstocome.(每一美元的鴨郵票中，約有98美分將直接進入留鳥保護基金，用于購置濕地和野生動物棲息地，將其納入國家野生動物保護區(qū)系統(tǒng)——這一事實確保了這片土地將受到保護，并供子孫后代使用)〞可知，由水禽獵人購置聯(lián)邦鴨郵票而得來的錢中的大局部直接進入留鳥保護基金，用于購置濕地和野生動物棲息地，將其納入國家野生動物保護區(qū)系統(tǒng)。由此可知，通過1934年的法案，美國政府發(fā)行聯(lián)邦鴨郵票，其直接后果是政府獲得了大量資金。應選D項?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章末尾段末句內(nèi)容“LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalledoneofthemostsuccessfulconservationprogramseverinitiated.(難怪聯(lián)邦鴨郵票方案被稱為有史以來最成功的保護方案之一)〞可知，作者用褒義詞短語“oneofthemostsuccessful〞來描述該法案，由此可推知，作者對其抱有積極樂觀的正面態(tài)度。應選B項。DWhoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.Let'sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewanttogobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhapsthisisnotasurprise.It'ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub—women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosaythatmembersoftheirgender(性別)are“really,reallysmart.〞Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief:Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.〞Canourplanetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowtheanswer:absolutelynot.Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力),andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochangetheworld.〞12.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?A.They'reunfair. B.They'reconservative.CThey'reobjective. D.They'restrict.13.WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs14.Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?A.Improvedglobalcommunication.B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.D.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.GeniusesThinkAlike B.GeniusTakesManyFormsC.GeniusandIntelligence D.GeniusandLuck【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章由問題“誰是天才？〞引入，論述了世人對天才的狹隘定義，提出事實上“天才〞有很多種形式，不要讓思維限制了我們的“天才〞能力?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Itissaidthathistoryiswrittenbyvictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsforadmissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeopleofadifferentcolororbelief-theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.(據(jù)說歷史是由勝利者書寫的，而那些勝利者為進入天才俱樂部設定了標準。當俱樂部以外的天才——女性或不同膚色或信仰的人——做出奉獻時，他們不會被成認并且被其他人拒絕)〞可推知，作者認為那些“勝利者〞對進入“天才俱樂部〞設置的標準是不公平的，因為女性或者不同膚色或信仰的人做出的成就是得不到成認的。應選A。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthatbelief.Aroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare“really,reallysmart.〞(更糟糕的是，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)女孩們是按照這個信念行事的。六歲左右，她們開始防止那些據(jù)說是“非常非常聰明〞的孩子參加的活動)〞可推知，女孩容易受到社會信仰的影響，認為自己在六歲左右就不適合做“聰明孩子〞做的事情。應選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we’reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.(在一個全球通訊不斷的有線世界里，我們隨時隨地都能看到天才的閃現(xiàn))〞可知，進步的全球通訊讓更多的天才被公眾所知道。應選A。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，結合文章第一段提出問題“Whoisagenius?〔誰是天才〕〞和最后一段的“Asawritersays,futuregeniusescomefromthosewith“intelligence,creativity,perseverance,andsimplegeniuses,whoareabletochangetheworld.〞(正如一位作家所說，未來的天才來自那些具有“智慧、創(chuàng)造力、毅力和那些能夠改變世界的簡單天才。〞)〞可知，天才不一定是那些有巨大奉獻的人，他們也可以是某一方面比擬突出的普通人。由此可知B項“天才有多種形式〞可以作為本文最正確標題。應選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每題2.5分，總分值12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Floodscanstrikequicklyandwithlittlewarninginmanypartsoftheworld.Survivingafloodisacombinationofpreparationandappropriateactionassoonasthedisasterbegins.____16____1.Makeafloodsurvivalplan.____17____Pickseveralmeetingspotsincaseyouneedtoleavehome,suchasafriend’shomeinasafetownorashelterinyourarea.Makesureeveryoneinthefamilyknowswheretheselocationsareandhowtogettherethroughhighground.2.Escapefloodwaters.Whenemergencyservicestellyoutoleave,listentotheirinstructions.Youmayhaveonlyashorttimetoescape,soactquickly,usingyourplannedroute.Movetohighergroundawayfromwater.Whetheryouareonfootorhavetoabandonyourcar,highergroundisyourbestoption.Ifyou’restuckathome,headfortheroofifyoucandososafely.Avoidcrossingthroughwater.Wateruptoyouranklesisenoughtobedangerous.Whenyou’reindoubtaboutthewaterdepth,don’triskit.____18____Useittomeasurethewater’sdepthandfeelforstableground.3.Follownewsandwarning.Floodinginformationcanbefoundonyourlocalnewsorweatherstation’sTVchannelorwebsite.____19____Or,listentolocalradiostationsforregularupdates.4.____20____Onthewayhome,watchoutfordamagedareas.Stayoffbridges.Thesoilunderusualrouteswillbemuddyandlessabletosupporttheweightofvehicles.Findalternateroutesoverhighgroundorwaitfortheauthoritiestoindicatewhichroadsaresafe.A.Returnhomeafteraflood.B.Protectyourhomeduringaflood.C.Ifyouhavetogothroughwater,bringastick.D.Sitdownwithyourfamilytoestablishaplanofaction.E.Youshouldtuneintomonitorchangesintheweather.F.Ifyourcargetsstuckinwater,openorbreakthewindows.G.Herearesometipstohelpyouandyourfamilysurviveaflood.【答案】16.G17.D18.C19.E20.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了四種幫助你和你的家人在洪水中生存的建議。【16題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Survivingafloodisacombinationofpreparationandappropriateactionassoonasthedisasterbegins.〔在洪水中生存是準備工作和災難一開始就采取適當行動的結合?！敞暻椅挥诘谝欢谓Y尾是為了引出下文在洪水中生存的方法。G選項“Herearesometipstohelpyouandyourfamilysurviveaflood.〔這里有一些幫助你和你的家人在洪水中生存的建議。〕〞符合題意，統(tǒng)領下文。應選G。【17題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標題“Makeafloodsurvivalplan.〔制定一個洪水求生方案。〕〞可知，下文講述的是與制定求生方案有關。D選項“Sitdownwithyourfamilytoestablishaplanofaction.〔和你的家人坐下來制定一個行動方案。〕〞符合題意，應選D?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Useittomeasurethewater’sdepthandfeelforstableground.〔用它來測量水的深度，并感覺地面是否穩(wěn)定。〕〞可知，這里的it指的是棍子。C選項“Ifyouhavetogothroughwater,bringastick.〔如果你必須穿過水，帶一根棍子?！敞暦项}意，應選C。【19題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標題“Follownewsandwarning.〔關注新聞和警告?！敞暱芍?，本段講述的方法是要關注天氣預報的相關新聞報道。E選項“Youshouldtuneintomonitorchangesintheweather.〔你應該收看天氣預報?！敞暦项}意，應選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Onthewayhome,watchoutfordamagedareas.〔在回家的路上，注意受損區(qū)域。〕〞可知，本段是講述洪水過后回家要注意的點。A選項“Returnhomeafteraflood.〔洪水過后回家?！敞暦项}意，為短文的小標題。應選A。第三局部語言知識運用〔總分值30分〕第一節(jié)(共15小題；每題1分，總分值15分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最正確選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.Ouraimwastoseeifwecouldlive,insomeway,likerealParisians.Sothefirstthingwedidwas___21___afantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartmentthe___22___ofacupboard.Itwassotinythatwehadtoleaveoursuitcasesinthehallway.Theplacewasn’t___23___authentic,though.Unlikea___24___Parisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.Therewasanicekitchenanda____25____bed.Our____26____evenhadatinyliftwithafemalevoicethatsaidperfectFrench.Parisiansaredifferentfromyouandme.Theyneverlooklazyoruntidy.Assomeoneonce____27____,theyeatgreatfoodandnevergain____28____.Thefoodissodeliciousthatyoudon’tneedmuchofittobehappy.Frenchstrawberriesdonottastelikecardboard.Instead,they____29____inyourmouthlikelittleflavorbombs.That’snottheonlyreasonwhytheFrencheatlessthanus.OnourfirstmorninginParis,Iwenttothefoodmarketto_____30_____somegroceries.Iboughtahandfulofperfectlyripestrawberriesandalittlesweetmelon.MyhusbandandIagreedtheywerethebestfruitwehadevereaten.Buttheycost$18!InFrance,_____31_____oflifeismuchmoreimportantthanefficiency.Youcantellthisbycaféslife.Frenchcafésarealways_____32_____.Manycustomersarelocals.Whendothesepeople_____33_____?TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously—soseriouslythatsomelaborunionsrecently_____34_____adealwithagroupofcompanies_____35_____thenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractors(承包商)canbeoncall.21.A.rent B.purchase C.let D.visit22.A.shape B.length C.price D.size23.A.slightly B.entirely C.absolutely D.extremely24.A.regular B.popular C.normal D.famed25.A.wooden B.huge C.comfortable D.strange26.A.community B.neighborhood C.apartment D.building27.A.thought B.noted C.discussed D.debated28.A.confidence B.weight C.reputation D.trouble29.A.explode B.settle C.jog D.expand30.A.packup B.passon C.pickup D.dealwith31.A.quality B.style C.choice D.location32.A.disturbed B.surrounded C.interrupted D.crowded33.A.rest B.work C.relax D.leave34.A.struck B.ruined C.expected D.appreciated35.A.increasing B.adding C.limiting D.reducing【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.C26.D27.B28.B29.A30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者和丈夫在法國待了一段時間了解到的法國人的一些生活習慣。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一間非常昂貴的六層公寓，有碗櫥那么大。A.rent租賃；B.purchase購置；C.let讓；D.visit訪問；參觀。根據(jù)下文“afantasticallyexpensivesixth-floorapartment〞及上文“MyhusbandandIjustspentaweekinParis.〞可推知此處指租賃一個公寓。應選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：所以我們做的第一件事就是租了一間非常昂貴的六層公寓，有碗櫥那么大。A.shape形狀；B.length長度；C.price價格；D.size尺寸。根據(jù)下文“Itwassotiny〞可知此處指公寓的尺寸。應選D。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不過，這個地方并不完全真實。A.slightly輕微地；纖細地；B.entirely完全地；C.absolutely絕對地；D.extremely及其地。根據(jù)下文“Unlikea___4___Parisianapartment,theplumbing(水管)worked.〞及語境可知此處指這個地方與一般的巴黎公寓不同，并不完全真實。應選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：與普通的巴黎公寓不同，這里的管道還能用。A.regular有規(guī)律的；B.popular流行的；受歡送的；C.normal普通的；正常的；D.famed著名的。根據(jù)上文“Theplacewasn’t___3___authentic,though.〞及本段的內(nèi)容可知此處把這個小公寓和巴黎普通的公寓作比擬。應選C?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有一個漂亮的廚房和一張舒適的床。A.wooden木頭的；B.huge巨大的；C.comfortable舒服的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)上文“Therewasanicekitchen〞及語境可知此處指一張舒服的床。應選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的大樓里甚至有一個小電梯，里面有一個女人的聲音說著完美的法語。A.community社區(qū)；B.neighborhood街坊；C.apartment公寓；D.building建筑；大樓。根據(jù)上文“Parisianapartment〞可知此處指我們的大樓。應選D。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：正如有人曾經(jīng)指出的，他們吃的食物很好，而且從不增重。A.thought思考；B.noted記錄；指出；C.discusse討論；D.debated爭論。根據(jù)語境可知此處指有人曾經(jīng)指出〔發(fā)現(xiàn)〕他們吃的食物好，從不增重。應選B?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正如有人曾經(jīng)指出的，他們吃的食物很好，而且從不增重。A.confidence信心；B.weight體重；重量；C.reputation名聲；名譽；D.trouble麻煩。根據(jù)前文“theyeatgreatfoodandnevergain〞可知此處指增加體重。應選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，它們會像味道炸彈一樣在你嘴里爆炸。A.explode爆炸；B.settle解決；C.jog慢跑；D.expand擴張。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikelittleflavorbombs.〞可知此處指像炸彈一樣爆炸。應選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：在我們到達巴黎的第一天早上，我去菜市場買了一些雜貨。A.packup打包；B.passon傳遞；C.pickup撿起；挑選；接某人；D.dealwith處理。根據(jù)下文“somegroceries.〞及謂語與賓語語義上的合理搭配可知此處指挑選購置一些雜貨。應選C?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在法國，生活質(zhì)量比效率重要得多。A.quality品質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；B.style風格；C.choice選擇；D.location位置；地點。根據(jù)語境及上下文作者對法國生活細節(jié)的描述可知此處指生活品質(zhì)。應選A?！?2題詳解】考查過去分詞詞義辨析。句意：法國的咖啡館總是很擁擠。A.disturbed干擾；B.surrounded圍繞；C.interrupted打斷；中段；D.crowded擁擠。根據(jù)下文“Manycustomersarelocals.〞可知此處指法國的咖啡館總是很擁擠。應選D。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這些人什么時候工作?A.rest休息；B.work工作；C.relax休息；D.leave離開。根據(jù)下文“TheFrenchtaketheir35-hourworkweekseriously〞可知此處指這些經(jīng)常去咖啡館的人什么時候工作。應選B?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：法國人非常重視每周35小時的工作時間，以至于一些工會最近與一些公司達成協(xié)議，限制獨立合同工隨叫隨到的工作時間。A.struck罷工；打擊；B.ruined消滅；C.expected期望；D.appreciated欣賞；感謝。strikeadeal是一個固定短語，意為：交易；達成一致。應選A?！?5題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞詞義辨析。句意：法國人非常重視每周35小時的工作時間，以至于一些工會最近與一些公司達成協(xié)議，限制獨立合同工隨叫隨到的工作時間。A.increasing增加；B.adding增加；C.limiting限制；D.reducing減少。根據(jù)下文“thenumberofhoursthatindependentcontractors(承包商)canbeoncall.〞及動詞與賓語語義上的合理搭配可知此處指限制獨立合同工隨叫隨到的工作時間。應選C。第二卷非選擇題局部第二節(jié)(共10小題;每題1.5分,總分值15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheSilkRoadwasanancientsystemoftraderoutesthatlinkedtheEasttotheWest.Forseveralcenturies,itwasanoutstandingnetwork____36____(include)routesbothonthelandandoceans.ItstretchedfromEastAsia,SoutheastAsia,EastAfrica,WestAfrica,andSouthernEurope.TheSilkRoadwasnotgivenitsnamefornothing.Duringitstimeofuse,silkwasahighlyprofitableproductalongitsroutes.Silk,youcansay,weavedtogetherthesemanyregionsintermsofbusinessandeven____37____(culture)exchange.However,thename____38____(it)wasnotcoineduntilthe19thcenturybyFerdinandvonRichthofen.Hemadethetermduringhisseveral____39____(journey)toChinafrom1868to1872.Despite