高中英語必修第一冊Unit4Friendsforever知識點梳理重點單詞forever[f?r?ev?(r)]adv.永遠；【口】長久地foreverandever永遠，永久（尤用于故事中）Friendsforeverfamiliar[f??m?li?r]adj.熟悉的[反]unfamiliar不熟悉的be/getfamiliar________熟悉，與…熟悉起來sb.befamiliarwithsth.通曉某事物，熟悉某事物（主動意味）sth.befamiliar_______sb.被某人熟知（被動意味）WhenI’mawayinplacesnew,withnofamiliarfacesinview.adventure[?d?vent??r]n.歷險（經(jīng)歷）;奇遇adventurer/?d?vent??r?(r)/n.冒險者;冒險家adventurous/?d?vent??r?s/adj.有冒險精神的，喜歡冒險的；大膽創(chuàng)新的Itgivesmepleasuretothinkofyou,andtheadventureswe’vebeenthrough.prefer[pr??f??r] v.更喜歡preferable/?prefr?bl/adj.較適合的;更可取的preferably/'pref(?)r?bli/adv.最好是preference/?prefr?ns/n.偏愛;愛好；優(yōu)惠，優(yōu)先（權）preferdoingtodoing=prefertodo…ratherthando…=wouldratherHowdoyouprefertomakefriends?losetrackof不了解…的情況，不了解…的動態(tài)trackn.跑道；軌道v.跟蹤，追蹤__________trackof與…保持聯(lián)系；了解…的動態(tài)beontrack步入正軌track________追蹤到，追查到Howwouldyoufeelifmovingtoanewtownmeantlosingtrackofyourfriends?deliver[d??l?v?r]v.遞送，傳送；發(fā)表delivery/d??l?v?ri/n.遞送deliversth.tosb.把某物運送給某人deliveraspeech/lecture發(fā)表演講Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered?thanksto歸功于…；多虧…（通常做狀語，多指好的方面）Thankstoadvancesintechnology,howwemakefriendsandmunicatewiththemhaschangedsignificantly.advance[?d?vɑ?ns]n.進步，進展；提前；前進v.前進，推進（尤指士兵）；（使）進展；提前adj.預先的；事先的advancement/?d?vɑ?nsm?nt/n.進步，進展advanced/?d?vɑ?nst/adj.先進的；高級的_____advance提前，預先advancedtechnology先進的技術Theheavyluggagewassentinadvance.significantly[s?ɡ?n?f?k?ntli]adv.重大地，顯著地significant/s?ɡ?n?f?k?nt/adj.重大的；有效的；有意義的significance/s?ɡ?n?f?k?ns/n.重要性，意義insignificant/??ns?ɡ?n?f?k?nt/adj.微不足道的;無足輕重的attachsignificance______重視…socialmedia社交媒體Socialmediatoolsletusseewhatourfriendsareuptoandmaintainfriendshipswithoutmissingabeat.maintian[me?n?te?n]v.保持，維持maintenance/?me?nt?n?ns/n.維護;保養(yǎng);維持;(依法應負擔的)生活費;撫養(yǎng)費maintainabalance保持平衡digital[?d?d??tl]adj.數(shù)字的，數(shù)碼的digitize/?d?d??ta?z/v.(使信息)數(shù)字化Thedigitalagealsoenablesustofindpeoplewhoshareourinterests,suchascollectingmodelcarsorplayinganunusualinstrument.enable[??ne?b?l]v.使可能，使發(fā)生enablesb.todosth.使某人能夠做某事unusual[?n?ju??u?l]adj.異常的，不平常的usualadj.通常的，慣常的_______usual照例，像往常一樣tend[tend]v.易于做某事，往往會發(fā)生某事tendency/?tend?nsi/n.傾向;趨勢tendtodo易于做某事，往往做某事There’satendency(forsb./sth.)to(do)sth.（某人）有做某事的傾向。Onsocialmediasites,peopletendtopostonlygoodthingsthatmakethemappearhappyandfriendly.criminal[?kr?m?n?l]n.[C]罪犯；adj.犯罪的；刑事的crime/kra?m/n.[U](泛指)犯罪活動；[C]罪行；[C]（單數(shù)，非正式）不道德的行為；罪過mitacrime犯罪Ayoungpersoncouldbeold;awomancouldbeaman;wecouldevenbesharingourinformationwithcriminals.throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater不分良莠一起拋棄Butthisdoesn'tmeanweshouldthrowthebabyoutwiththebathwater.acquire[??kwa??r]v.獲得，得到ShehasacquiredagoodknowledgeofEnglish.goods[ɡ?dz]n.商品AsAristotlesaid,noonewouldchoosetolivewithoutfriends,evenifhehadallotherve[pru?v]v.證明，證實proven/?pru?vn/adj.被證實的，經(jīng)驗證的It’sprovedthat…已經(jīng)證實…provesb./sth.(tobe)+n./adj.證明某人/某物…Toprovethatmakingfriendswaseasierinthepast.illustrate[??l?stre?t]v.（舉例）說明，闡明illustration/??l??stre??n/n.圖解;圖示illustratorn.插圖畫家illustrate..._________...用......來說明......Toillustratehowitisbettertomakefriendsonline.inspiring[?n?spa??r??]adj.鼓舞人心的，啟發(fā)靈感的inspire/?n?spa??(r)/v.激勵;鼓舞;激發(fā)；給…創(chuàng)作靈感inspiration/??nsp??re??n/n.[U]靈感;[C]啟發(fā)靈感的人(或事物);[C]鼓舞人心的人(或事物)inspired/?n?spa??d/adj.受到啟發(fā)的，受到鼓舞的inspiresb.todosth.激勵某人做某事Lucyisasmartgirl,herideasarealwaysinspiring.pour[p??r]v.灌，注，倒pouring/?p??r??/adj.（雨）傾盆的，滂沱的pour...______...向......倒入/投入......Pouritintoapotandmixitwithfivegramsofsmiles.pack[pk]n.? 小盒，小包;v.（把…）打包packof一包…pack_________把…打包；收拾行李onepackofsimilarinterestsfort[?k?mf?t] n.安慰，慰藉fortable/?k?mft?bl/adj.舒服的;舒適的unfortableadj.不舒服的fortably/?k?mft?bli/adv.舒服地,舒適地forting/?k?mf?t??/adj.令人安慰的，解憂的disfortn.不舒服，不安;v.使不舒服，使不安infort舒適地；放松地oneglassoffortpatience[?pe???ns] n.耐心patient/?pe??nt/n.病人;adj.有耐心的impatient/?m?pe??nt/adj.沒有耐心的impatience/?m?pe???ns/n.不耐煩patientlyadv.耐心地withpatience耐心地bepatientwithsb.對某人有耐心twodropsofpatiencepassion[?p??n]n.強烈的情感，激情passionate/?p???n?t/adj.熱情的，狂熱的；熱愛的；酷愛的passionless/?p??nl?s/adj.冷漠的haveapassion________...酷愛......withpassion激動地onebagofpassiongenerosity[?d?en??r?s?ti]n.慷慨，大方generous/?d?en?r?s/adj.慷慨的;大方的generously/?d??n?r?sli/adv.慷慨地；大方地begenerous________sth.在某方面大方，不吝嗇某物onepieceofgenerosityhumour[?hju?m?r] n.幽默感humorous/?hju?m?r?s/adj.幽默的humourless/?hju?m?l?s/adj.一本正經(jīng)的_______ofhumour幽默感...andasliceofhumourquality[?kw?l?ti] n.素質，品德qualifyvt.取得資格，使合格qualifiedadj.有資格的；能勝任的qualificationn.資格；資歷qualityoflife生活質量beofpoor/good/highquality質量差/好/上乘thequalityofbeingfunnyandunderstandingfunnysituationsanxious[???k??s] adj.焦慮的，不安的anxiety/???za??ti/n.焦慮;渴望anxiously/'??k??sli/adv.焦慮地，急切地beanxioustodosth.渴望做某事beanxiousthat…渴望；非常希望…...________anxiety焦慮地theabilitytowaitwithoutbeinganxiousorangrydistance[?d?st?ns]v.使與……保持距離，撇清和……的關系；n.距離;間距;(兩人關系的)疏遠distant/?d?st?nt/adj.遙遠的;久遠的；冷淡的，疏遠的______thedistance在遠處Whenyoumakeasuggestion,uselessdirectlanguagethanyouwouldtomakeastatementorgiveanorder.Thismakesitcleartotheotherpersonthatyouaregivingthemachoice.Forexample,youcanbeginwithexpressionssuchasWhydon’twe…?Howabout…?Oruseapasttensetodistanceyourselffromthesuggestion:Iwaswonderingwhether…postpone[p??st?p??n]v.使（事件、行動等）延期，推遲postpone_________sth.推遲做某事AndyandClarathoughtaboutpostponingtheirtrip.ordinary[???d?n?ri]adj.普通的，平常的，通常的Inhisstories,heoftenfocusedontheeverydaylifeofordinarypeopleinNewYorkCityatthattime.fortune[?f??t?u?n]n.大筆的錢，巨款；(影響人生的)機會，運氣misfortunen.不幸；災難fortunate/?f??t??n?t/adj.幸運的fortunately/?f??t??n?tli/adv.幸運地unfortunatelyadv.不幸地makea/one’sfortune___________befortunatetodosth有幸能做某事ThenextmorningIwastostartfortheWesttomakemyfortune.drag[dr?ɡ]v.拖，拉dragin把…拉進去；硬把(某人)拉扯進(某事)Youcouldn’thavedraggedJimmyoutofNewYear;hethoughtitwastheonlyplaceonearth.oughtto應該，應當oughttodosth.應該做某事oughtnot/oughtn’ttodosth.不應該做某事oughtto(should)havedonesth.本該做某事而未做Wefiguredthatintwentyyearseachofusoughttohaveourdestinyworkedoutandourfortunesmade,whatevertheyweregoingtobe.correspond[?k?r??sp?nd]v.通信;一致;相應correspondence/?k?r??sp?nd?ns/n.通信；一致；相當corresponding/?k?r??sp?nd??/adj.相應的；相當?shù)腸orrespondent/?k?r??sp?nd?nt/n.記者；通訊員；通信者correspondwithsb.與……通信correspondwith/tosth.和某事物相一致；符合correspondto類似于；相當于“Well,yes,foratimewecorresponded,”saidtheother.turnup（意外地或終于）出現(xiàn)（vi.）；調(diào)大，開大（熱度，音量等）（vt.)；到來，來到Icameathousandmilestostandinthisdoortonight,andit’sworthitifmyoldpartnerturnsup.appointed[??p??nt?d]adj.約定的，指定的appoint/??p??nt/v.任命;委任;[正式]約定(時間、地點)appointment/??p??ntm?nt/n.約會；約定；任命;委任appointsbtodosth.委派某人做某事makeanappointment預約Bob,Iwasattheappointedplaceontime.strike[stra?k]v.劃（火柴）；突然想到；撞；攻擊n.攻擊；罷工beonstrike在罷工sth.occursto/strikes/hitssb./Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that…某人突然想到…WhenyoustruckthematchtolightyourcigarIsawitwasthefaceofthemanwantedinChicago.plain[ple?n]adj.樸素的；明白的；直率的；[口]完全的，相貌平平的（委婉說法）n.平原inplainEnglish/language用簡單的英語/語言SomehowIcouldn'tdoitmyself,soIwentaroundandgotaplainclothesmantodothejob.scene[si?n]n.場景；一場（戲?。?；現(xiàn)場；景象；情景thesceneoftheaccident/crime事故/犯罪現(xiàn)場onthescene在場，出現(xiàn)，到場（多表示演講或舞臺表演時的出場）atthescene在現(xiàn)場（多表示事故現(xiàn)場或兇案現(xiàn)場）Scene1:BobdiningwithJimmyat“BigJoe”Brady’stwentyyearsago.ashamed[???e?md]adj.感到不好意思的，難為情的shamen.羞恥;羞愧;令人惋惜的事;讓人遺憾的事shamefuladj.可恥的;丟臉的shamelessadj.無恥的beashamedof對…感到羞愧或難為情Itisashamethat…真遺憾……toone’sshame令某人感到慚愧的是Whatashame！真可惜！真遺憾！“Washeashamedofhavingafriendlikeme?”Boblongedforananswer?location[l???ke???n]n.地點，位置；定位locate/l???ke?t/v.找出…的準確位置;把…安置在(或建造于);創(chuàng)辦于(某地)belocatedin/on位于…，坐落在…Settings:time,locationanddescriptionsoftheenvironmentorsurroundingshelpyourreaderspicturethescene.Forexample,Thestreetwaslonganddark,andtherewasnoonearound...surroundings[s??ra?nd??z]n.周圍的事物，環(huán)境surrounding/s??ra?nd??/adj.周圍的;附近的（用于n.前）surround/s??ra?nd/v.圍繞;環(huán)繞surround…with…用…包圍…besurroundedby/with用…包圍/環(huán)繞personality[?p??s?n??l?ti]n.個性；名人；品質，個性personaladj.個人的，私人的personallyadv.就個人而言；親自地Characters:introducingcharactersmeansdescribingbothappearanceandpersonality.Forexample,Hewasatallmanwithcurlybrownhair.Shealwaysseemedhappyandfriendly.atmosphere[??tm?sf??r]n.氣氛，環(huán)境；魅力，精彩；大氣層；（室內(nèi)的）空氣intheatmosphere在大氣中anatmosphereof一種……的氛圍Characters’actions,ortheirbehaviours,notonlytellyourreaderswhatkindofpeopletheyare,butalsodrivetheplotforwardandcreateaparticularatmosphere.詞性轉換1.adventuren.冒險→adventurousadj.冒險的2.preferv.喜歡→preferencen.喜好3.advancev.前進，進步→advancementn.進步→advancedadj.先進的，高級的4.maintainv.維持，保持→maintenance維持，保持5.ableadj.有能力的→enablev.使能夠→abilityn.能力6.crimen.犯罪→criminaln./adj.罪犯/犯罪的7.tendv.易于做某事，趨于→tendencyn.傾向，趨勢8.acquirev.獲得→acquirementn.獲得9.provev.證明→proofn.證據(jù)10.illustratev.說明，闡明→illustrationn.說明11.inspirev.鼓舞，激勵→inspiredadj.有靈感的→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的→inspirationn.靈感，鼓舞12fortv.安慰→fortableadj.舒服的→fortablyadv.舒服地13.patientadj.耐心的→impatientadj.沒有耐心的→patientlyadv耐心地→patience耐心14.generousadj.慷慨的→generosityn.慷慨大方15.humorn.幽默→humorousadj.幽默的16.anxiousadj.焦慮的→anxietyn.焦慮17.distantadj.遙遠的→distancen.距離18.fortunen.運氣，財富→fortunateadj.幸運的→fortunatelyadv.幸運地19.appointv.任命，約定→appointedadj.指定的，事先約定好的→appointmentn.約會，約定20.locatev.位于→locationn.位置，地點21.surroundv.包圍，環(huán)繞→surroundingadj.周圍的→surroundingsn.環(huán)境22.personn.人→personaladj.個人的→personalityn.性格23.shamen.羞愧→ashamedadj.羞愧的→shamefuladj.可恥的→shamelessadj.無恥的重點詞組情緒低落feellow把...充滿...fill...with...令人愉快的光澤cheerfulglow熟悉的面孔familiarfaces給某人做某事的樂趣givesbpleasuretodo想起thinkof看起來像...，似乎像seemlike...分享相同的興趣sharethesameinterests一個社交軟件asocialapp社區(qū)活動munityactivities面對面談話talkfacetoface給彼此打telephoneeachother與…保持聯(lián)系stayintouchwith遠方的朋友farawayfriends可能的任何時候拜訪朋友visitfriendswheneverpossible意味著做meandoing失去聯(lián)系losetrackof假使…會怎樣？Whatif…?做某事的唯一方式theonlywayofdoing花費長時間takeages多虧了thanksto科技進步advancesintechnology與某人交流municatewithsb.轉變巨大changesignificantly周游世界movearoundtheworld社交媒體工具socialmediatools忙于…;在做…beupto保持友誼maintainfriendshipswifi連接awificonnection數(shù)字時代thedigitalage使某人能夠做某事enablesb.todosth.收集模型汽車collectmodelcars演奏不尋常的樂器playanunusualinstrument使…聯(lián)系connect…with…即使,盡管evenif=eventhough住在世界的另一端liveontheothersideoftheworld視情況而定Itdepends.網(wǎng)上交換個人的真實信息exchangetruepersonalinformationonline把…謹記于心keep…inmind傾向于做…,往往做...tendtodo…發(fā)布正面信息postpositiveupdates似乎高興友好appearhappyandfriendly微笑的照片smilingphotos掩蓋真正的問題hiderealproblems和罪犯分享個人信息shareinformationwithcriminals不分良莠throwthebabyoutwiththebathwater獲得朋友acquirefriends我們對朋友的渴望ourlongingforfriends保持不變remainthesame正如某人說過assbsaid選擇做choosetodo在過去inthepast網(wǎng)上交友makefriendsonline說服某人做某事persuadesb.todosth.摒棄傳統(tǒng)交友方式abandontraditionalwaysofmakingfriends聽力問題hearingproblems允許某人做某事allowsb.todosth.啟發(fā)靈感的想法inspiringideas尋求某人幫助asksb.forhelp來吧，一起來ealong未能做failtodo感到沮喪feeldown把...倒進...o...使…與…混合mixsth.withsth.兩滴...twodropsof...向他人提供幫助offerhelptoothers使人感覺更好makepeoplefeelbetter根據(jù)accordingto事實上infact推遲旅行postponethetrip發(fā)表聲明makeastatement關注，聚焦于focuson平常人的日常生活theeverydaylifeofordinarypeople以…最為著名bebestknownfor出乎意料的結局surpriseendings以…為背景besetin聊天haveachat最好的伙伴thebestchum/thefinestchap發(fā)財makeone’sfortune應該oughtto找到人生出路haveourdestinyworkedout有一段時間foratime一個相當大的生意aprettybigproposition不斷地努力keephustling出現(xiàn)，露面turnup從…走出去stepoutof感到迷失和無助feellostandhelpless為…感到羞恥beashamedof渴望longfor轉過身turnaround面熟的人afamiliarlookingman在某人三十幾歲時inone’sthirties吃驚地大喊shoutinsurprise觀點pointofview相反的觀點theoppositeopinion96.舉辦一場辯論holdadebate重點句式句型公式補全佳句1．Whatif...?“如果……將會怎么樣？”Whatiftheonlywayofgettingnewsfromfarawayfriendswaswritinglettersthattookagestobedelivered?倘若從遠方朋友那里得到消息的唯一途徑是寫信，而這封信需要很長時間才會送達，這會怎樣呢？2.whatever引導讓步狀Whateverourhobbies,theInternetcanconnectuswith語從句otherswhoalsoenjoydoingthem,eveniftheyliveontheothersideoftheworld.不管我們的愛好是什么，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)都能把我們和其他有相同愛好的人聯(lián)系起來，盡管他們生活在世界的另一端。3.“make＋it＋形容詞/名詞＋that從句”結構Thismakesitcleartotheotherpersonthatyouaregivingthemachoice.這讓其他人明白你給了他們一個選擇。重點語法第一步：單元思維導圖回顧知識第二步：單元重難知識易混易錯定語從句定語從句的基本概述復合句中用來限制、描繪或說明主句中某一名詞或代詞而起定語作用的從句叫定語從句；定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞叫做先行詞；引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。按照關系詞在定語從句中所作的成分，可將關系詞分為關系代詞和關系副詞。非限制性定語從句往往是對先行詞或整個主句進行附加說明，主從句的關系并不十分密切，如果省略非限制性定語從句，主句的意義仍然完整清楚，而且主句和從句之間往往用逗號隔開。關系代詞的用法被定語從句修飾的詞叫作先行詞；連接先行詞與從句的詞叫關系詞（包括關系代詞和關系副詞）。關系詞不僅在先行詞與定語從句之間起連接作用，而且也充當定語從句中的一個成分。關系代詞除了指代主句中的先行詞外，同時還在定語從句中作主語、賓語、表語等。作賓語時可以省略；但關系代詞作介詞賓語，而且介詞提到它的前面時，關系代詞不能省略。關系代詞的用法如下表所示：關系代詞修飾的先行詞從句中所作的成分Who人主語，賓語Whom人賓語Whose人或物定語That人或物主語，賓語，表語Which物或事主語，賓語，表語，定語As人，物或事主語，賓語，表語who,whom的用法who和whom引導定語從句，二者都用于指人。who在定語從句中作主語，whom在定語從句中只作賓語。在現(xiàn)代英語中，跟特殊疑問句一樣，作賓語時可以用who代替whom。whose引導定語從句，既可指人也可指物，它表示先行詞和它所修飾的詞是所屬關系，在定語從句中作定語。Iwanttohelpthechildrenwhoseparentsdiedintheearthquake.我想幫助那些父母在地震中喪生的孩子們。Wemustrepairthedeskswhoselegsarebroken.我們必須修理斷了腿的桌子。除了用whose表所屬關系以外，在whom和which之前加of也可以表示所屬關系（即：ofwhom，ofwhich）。這時名詞需要特指，應加定冠詞，放在ofwhom,ofwhich之前或之后均可。例如：Iwanttohelpthechildrenwhoseparentsdiedintheearthquake.=Iwanttohelpthechildrenofwhomtheparentsdiedintheearthquake.=Iwanttohelpthechildrentheparentsofwhomdiedintheearthquake.3.which的用法which引導定語從句用來指物，在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語，偶爾作定語。Theriverwhichrunsthroughthecentreofthecitybringsuslotsofpleasure.穿過市中心的那條河給我們帶來了很多歡樂。（which在從句中作主語）Doyouremembertheholiday(which)wespenttogether？你記得我們一起度過的那個假期嗎？（which在從句中作賓語）Hewasnotsick,whichsom