2022級普通高中學科素養(yǎng)水平監(jiān)測試卷英語（試卷滿分：150分考試時間：120分鐘）注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后你將有兩分鐘的時間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthemangohome?A.Bybike.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.2.Whathappenedtothewoman'sson?A.Hehurthisarm.B.Hehadaheadache.C.Hegotpainsinhisfingers.3.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Dohishomework.B.WatchTV.C.Playfootball.4.WhatisMary'sphonenumber?A.97756431.B.86727151.C.86727115.5.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Aputer.B.Acupoftea.C.Abook.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhatwillthewomandoforAlbert'sbirthday?A.Decoratehisroom.B.Organizeaparty.C.Prepareabigdinner.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantobring?A.Juice.B.Acake.C.Fruit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aninterview.B.AnEnglishclass.C.Apieceofhomework.9.WhatdidMr.Graytalkalotabout?A.ThemethodsoflearningEnglish.B.Thecultureofsomecountries.C.Therulesintheclassroom.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whathasthemandecidedtodoforhisholiday?A.Goclimbing.B.Gohiking.C.Gocamping.11.Howlongwillthemanbeaway?A.Sevendays.B.Sixdays.C.Fivedays.12.Whatisthewoman'sopinionabouthikingandclimbing?A.Fun.B.Tiring.C.Relaxing.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atschool.C.Atarestaurant.14.Whodoesthegirlusuallytalktowhensheisupset?A.Herfriends.B.Herparents.C.Herteachers.15.Wherewouldthegirltalkwithherfriend?A.Inashoppingcentre.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inacafe.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthegirldo?A.Studyhard.B.Shopwithherfriends.C.Getintouchwithherfriendsoften.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whyisthespeakerusuallyhungrybylunchtime?A.Shedoesn'teatbiscuitsatwork.B.Sheonlyhasadrinkforbreakfast.C.Sheworksveryhard.18.Whendoesthespeakerendherlunchbreak?A.Atabout1:15.B.Atabout2:00.C.Atabout2:15.19.Whatdoesthespeakerdrinkforlunch?A.Tea.B.Coffee.C.Water.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofherlife?A.Stressful.B.Enjoyable.C.Unhealthy.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑。ASaveyourannualleaveandexplorebeautifultownsandplaceswithdaytripslessthantwohoursfromLondon,offeringachangeofscenery,deliciousfoodandagoodwalk.Youcanheadintoworkthenextdayfeelingrefreshed.MargateTheoldwillrememberMargateasasomewhatmockedholidaylocation,avintage(復古的)styleamusementparkwithrides.However,theyoungarenowmovinghereindrovesastheytakeadvantageoftheexcellenttransportlinksandtheworkingopportunities.AnotherdrawistheTurnerContemporaryartgalleryopenedin2011tocelebrateartistJMWTurner,andhisconnectiontoMargate.Thegalleryisfreetoenterandhasspectacularviews.TheNewForestAtover200squaremiles,theNewForestisaprotectednationalparkdottedwithsmalltowns.Therearemanytrailstowalkorcycle,whichareworthplanninginadvance.isausefulresourceasithaswalkingandcycleroutessplitintofamily,dogfriendlyandthosethattakeinpubsorvillages.BrightonThereissomethingforeveryoneinBrighton:traditionalfishandchips,veganandrestaurants,theRoyalPavilionandshops—bothvintageandcontemporary—sellingclothing,jewellery,chocolateandrecords.AnyofthesmallcoffeeshopswouldbeagreatfirststopbeforeheadingtotheverypinkBooksforAmnestyshop.TheCotswoldsWiththeinstantlyrecognisablepaleyellowstonecottagesandseeminglyunendingsupplyofpubs,thetownsandvillagesthatprisetheCotswoldsarewellworthavisit.SpendthemorningwalkingaroundChippingNorton,amarkettownwithshopsandtheatres.BesuretopopintoJafféandNeale,thebookshopandcafethathasbeenopensince2006.1.WhatattractstheyoungergenerationinMargate?A.Itsamusementpark. B.Theprotectednationalpark.C.TheTurnerContemporaryartgallery. D.Itsconvenienttransportationandworkingchances.2.Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttowalkwithyourdog?A.Brighton. B.TheNewForest. C.Margate. D.TheCotswolds.3.WhatdoBrightonandTheCotswoldshaveinmon?A.Lifestyle. B.Traditionalfood. C.Coffeehouses. D.Ancientcottages.BInasmallteashoplocatedinBisalpur,UttarPradesh,onecanspotuniquefurniturelikestools(凳子)andtablesmadeofbricksandrecycledplastic.Otherthancustomers,touristswhoetovisitthenearbyJawaiDamoftenstopbyheretohandplasticwasteovertotheshopkeeper.RunbyKanaRamMewada,theshopnotonlysellsteaandsnacks,butalsoleadsacampaigntoreducetheuseofsingleuseplasticinthevillage.AccordingtoareportoftheCentralPollutionControlBoard(CPCB)in2019—2020,3.5millionmetrictons(公噸)ofplasticwasteisannuallygeneratedinIndia,andwillremaininlandfills(垃圾填埋場)fortheupinghundredsofyears.KanawasdeeplydisturbedafterreadingthatreportontheInternetandbeganthinkingaboutwaystoraisethevillagers’awarenessandmakehisvillagefreeofplastic.Hestartedacampaignbycollectingplasticwastefromhisownshopandroadside.Whenevercustomerscame,heexplainedthecampaign.Inordertoattractmorepeople,hestartedgivingsomethinginreturnforthewastetheybrought.Sometimes,hepurchasedafewthingsmadeofrecycledwastetoshowthevillagersandtoldthemtheywerecreatedfromtheirplasticwastecontribution.Healsomadedecorativeitemsoutofthewasteandplacedthemaroundtheshop.Asaresult,peoplefromthevillagebecamecuriousabouthiscampaign.Eventouristsbeganparticipatingintheexchange.Andtoday,theforest,riversandpublicspacesthatwereoncefilledwithplasticwastearecleanerthanbefore.Hehopesthathecanalsohelptheneighboringvillagesrecycleplasticwasteandmakethewholeareaplasticfree.“Whenanordinarypersonlikemedecidedtostartacause,itwasinspiringthatawholevillagestoodbymeandsupportedme.Wecanallbeetorchbearers(啟蒙者)forabettertomorrow.Whatwehavetodoistakeastepforward,”hesaid.4.WhatledKanatostartthecampaign?A.Anonlinereport. B.Tourists’behavior.C.Customers’advice. D.Hisvisittolandfills.5.WhydidKanaplaceplasticdecorationsaroundhisshop?A.Togetmorepeopletojoinhiscampaign. B.Toteachshoppershowtomakethem.C.Tomakehisshopmuchmorebeautiful. D.Toadvertisethegoodsinhisshop.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKana?A.Considerateandproud. B.Ambitiousandgenerous.C.Responsibleandcreative. D.Determinedandhumorous.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ashopkeeper’spathtosuccess. B.AhistorictouristspotinBisalpur.C.Auniquewayofturningwasteintoart. D.Ashopkeeper’scampaignforplasticrecycling.CDespitethefactthatburgers,chipsandfriesareknownassomeofthemostunhealthyfoodwecaneat,theyarestillthemostpopularfood.Thereareafewreasonsbehindthat.First,junkfoodisgenerallyeasytogetandtakewithyou.Thisconvenienceisamajordrawformany,especiallypeoplewhoarealwaysonthego.RestaurantslikeMcDonald’sandKFCcanbefoundoutsidemanyschoolsandworkplaces,providingmealsinunderaminute.Secondly,junkfoodcontainsalotofaddedsugarandfat.Thiskindoffoodcausesourbraintosendoutcertainchemicals,whichproducethefeelingofrelaxation,pleasureandenjoyment.That’swhysuchfoodiscalled“fortfood”.Thirdlyourancestorsdidn’thavesucheasyaccesstothehugevarietyoffoodweeacrosseveryday.Theydidn’thavetheconvenienceofhavingfoodaseasilyaswedo.Sotheymadeitahabittoeatasmuchastheycouldtosurviveandprotectthemselvesfromthehardnaturalconditions.Thecavementality(心理)ispasseddowntous,whichmakesusbelievethatwecanneverhaveenoughfoodthatishighinsugarandfat,nomatterhowcrazilyweeat.Besides,whenwearetooworriedandtiredtorelax,ourbodyproducescortisol(皮質(zhì)醇),whichincreasesthesugarcontentintheblood,soitcanbeusedasenergytoaidinfatandcarbohydratemetabolism(碳水化合物代謝).Additionally,itisalsofoundtoincreasehunger.That’sthereasonwhywhenwe’rethinkingaboutunpleasantthings,wepreferfoodsthatarehighinsugar,fatandcarbohydrate,thatistosayunhealthyfood.8.WhyareMcDonald’sandKFCmentioned?A.Toshowtheytakeupthebestsite. B.Toshowtheyprovidegoodservice.C.Toshowtheyarefamousfortheirtaste. D.Toshowtheymakejunkfoodeasytoget.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph4?A.Weneedallkindsoffood. B.Ourancestorslivedahardlife.C.Weareborntoeatmorethanweneed. D.Itisdifficultforustochangeourhabits.10.Whatisacauseoftheincreaseofsugarcontentinourbody?A.Toomuchstress. B.Awishforfood.CAfastmetabolicrate. D.Nothavingenoughenergy.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howharmfuljunkfoodis. B.Whyfastfoodissodelicious.C.Howwecandevelopahealthylifestyle. D.Whyweloveunhealthyfoodsomuch.DOneofthethingsthatmakehumansmammals(哺乳動物)isthatwe’rewarmblooded—ourbodieshavehighmetabolism(新陳代謝)thatmaintainsourinternaltemperatureindependentofthesurroundings,unlikecoldbloodedanimalsthathavetolieinthesunforheat.Amongmodernanimals,onlymammalsandbirdsarewarmbloodedandourabilitytokeepourselveswarmhasenabledustosurviveinicyweatherandmakelongmigrations.Butit’sbeenamysteryexactlywhenmammalsevolvedtheirhighmetabolism.Inanewstudy,scientistspointtoanunlikelysourcefordeterminingwhenancientmammalancestorsbecamewarmblooded.Theearsofalllivingcreaturesthathavebackbonescontaintinycanals(管道)filledwithfluidthathelpsusbalance.Therunniness(流動性)ofthatfluidchangesbasedontemperature,andourinnerearshaveevolveddifferentsizessothatthefluidcanflowcorrectly.Coldbloodedanimals’earfluidiscoolerandthicker,soitneedswiderspacestotravelthrough,whilewarmbloodedanimalshaverunnierearfluid,soourcanalsaredifferent.“Canalsweregenerallyusedtopredictthemovementoffossilorganisms.However,bycarefullylookingattheirbiomechanics(生物力學),wefiguredthatwecouldalsousethemtoinferbodytemperature,”saysRomainDavid,oneofthestudy’sleadauthors.“Thisisbecause,likehoney,thefluidinsidecanalsgetsrunnierwhentemperatureincreases,impactingfunction.Therefore,duringthetransitiontoendothermy(溫血性),physicaladaptationwasrequiredtokeepbestperformances,andwecouldtrackearcanalsinmammalancestors.”Totracktheseevolutionarychanges,theresearchersparedthesizesoftheinnerearcanalsofover300animals,including243livingspeciesand64extinctones.Theyfoundthatmammalancestorsdidn’tdevelopthekindsofinnerearstructuresidealforwarmbloodedanimalsuntil233millionyearsago.Theoriginofmammalianendothermyisoneofthegreatmysteriestobesolved.Manydifferentapproacheshavebeenusedtotrytopredictwhenitfirstevolved,buttheyhaveoftengivenunclearorconflictingresults.Thismethodshowsrealpromisebecauseithasbeenconfirmedusingaverylargenumberofmodernspecies.12.Whichofthefollowingmightbethekeytomammals’longmigrations?A.Thelargebodysize. B.Therichfoodresources.C.Thewarmbloodedness. D.Theadaptabilitytosurroundings.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutwarmbloodedanimalsparedtocoldbloodedones?A.Theyhavemuchbiggerbackbones.B.Theirinnerearcanalsarerelativelynarrow.C.Theyaremuchmoresensitivetooutsidesounds.D.Theirearfluidseldomchangeswithtemperature.14.WhatdoRomainDavid’swordsinparagraph3mainlytellus?A.Theoriesontheevolutionofmammalancestors.B.Thereasonforstudyingtheinnerearsofmammals.C.Theimportanceofphysicaladaptationtomammals.D.Possiblewaystopredictthemovementoffossilorganisms.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothenewmethodoftrackingevolutionarychanges?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoBeLessEmotionalBeingoverlyemotionalmaymeanreactingtofeelingslikeanger,sadnessandfearquicklyinsteadoflettingallofyourintelligenceweighin.Chancesare,ifyoufeeloverlyemotionalyouarerelatingtoyouremotionsinawaythatisn'talwaysconstructive.___16___Identifyemotions.It'simportanttoknowwhatyoufeelsoyoucanadequatelyaddresseachemotionappropriately.___17___Ifyoufeelanger,forinstance,youmaystarttonoticeyourbreathingquickening,yourmusclestensing,oryourskinfeelingflushed.Ifyou'rehappy,youmaynoticesmilingorfeelingsoflightnessinyourbody.___18___Theycanhelpcalmyoudownwhenyou'reexperiencingoverwhelmingemotions.Ifyou'refeelingoverwhelmedbyemotionalintensity,pausetofocusonyourbreathing.Breathingtechniquescanhelpyoumanageyouremotionsmoreeffectivelyandhelpyouhandleintenseemotionsbetter.Youmaynoticethatasyouexperienceintenseemotions,theybringyoufurtherfromexperiencingyourselfandyourbody.Monitoryourexpectations.Sometimes,thewayyoufeelmaybeinfluencedbyhowyouexpecttofeel.___19___Ifyounoticeyourselfplacingexpectationsonhowyou“should”feel,holdoffonmakingthatjudgmentuntilyou'vepletedthesituation.Or,youmayconsiderwhichsituationsyouwanttoenterintobeforehand.Adjustyourroutinestoreducestress.Thinkaboutwhateventstriggeryourstrongemotions,andtrytoeitheravoidthemorcontrolyourresponse.Forinstance,ifyoutendtogetanxiousbecauseyouoftenrunlateforwork,adjustyourmorningroutinesoyouarenotrushing.___20___A.Copewithyouremotions.B.Practicebreathingtechniques.C.However,it'simportanttolearntoregulateyouremotions.D.Ifyoufeelanxious,youmaynoticeyouburnalotofemotionalenergyworrying.E.Starttoreflectonhowyourbodyfeelswhenyounoticeanemotioningthrough.F.Ifthereisagroupofpeoplethatbringoutlotsofunpleasantemotions,decreaseyourtimewiththem.G.Forinstance,ifyouexpectthatwatchingamoviemaymakeyousad,youmayendupfeelingsad.第三部分：語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Inelementaryschool,myfathertoldme,“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyou'lldowhenyougrowup;thekeyisthatitwillmakeyoupleased.___21___isthewholepointoflife.Itneeds___22___andeffort.Yourmotherlovestohelppeople___23___,soshebecameanurse.Ilovereadingandpoetry,soIbecameapoet.Webothfindhappinessindailyhardwork.”AfewyearslaterwhenIwasinjuniorhigh,myheadteacher___24___withmeafterschoolbecauseIwasn’t___25___.Shementionedsomesuccessfulpeopleinhistoryduringtheconversation.Thensheaskedwhatmy___26___was.ItoldherthatIjustwantedtobehappy.She___27___foramomentandthensheagreedwithme.WhenIwasayounggirl,theletterthatmygrandmawrotetomehadalineabout“___28___happinessinhardwork”,whichismymottothatstillresonates(產(chǎn)生共鳴)withmetoday.Ifindsomepeopleattachtothe___29___thatlifeshouldbeeasierthanitis.___30___,Ithink,regardlessofwhatyou___31___,youmustn’tneglecthardwork,becausehappinessishiddenin___32___.Sincegraduationfromcollege,Ihavebeen___33___topassingallmyknowledgetomystudents.Ifindhappinesswhenmyhardworkis___34___bytheirrespectandloveforme.Becauseofmycontributionto___35___,IwontheExcellentTeacherAwardthisyearandI'lldomoreinthefuture.21.A.Fitness B.Happiness C.Forgiveness D.Calmness22.A.confidence B.satisfaction C.experience D.enthusiasm23.A.inneed B.inpanic C.inpoor D.ingeneral24.A.joked B.dealt C.talked D.quarreled25.A.active B.attractive C.cautious D.ambitious26.A.secret B.dream C.concern D.feature27.A.thought B.cried C.laughed D.waited28.A.spreading B.defining C.imagining D.seeking29.A.suggestion B.exception C.expectation D.conclusion30.A.Otherwise B.Moreover C.However D.Therefore31.A.giveup B.pickout C.engagein D.eacross32.A.effort B.darkness C.courage D.trouble33.A.devoted B.limited C.tried D.expected34.A.determined B.inspired C.replaced D.repaid35.A.history B.education C.medicine D.literature第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）語法填空Theworldhasjustendureditshottestyearonrecord,withglobalaveragetemperatures___36___(break)historicalrecords.Thereisnodenyingthatclimatechangeisoneofthemosturgent___37___(challenge)facinghumankind.Noonecanbesafe___38___thethreatofclimatechange.China,theworld'slargestdevelopingcountryandaresponsiblemajorcountry,___39___(overe)manychallengesbytakingaseriesofmeasuressofar.Ithasplannedtopeakitscarbondioxideemissionsbefore2030andachievecarbonneutralitybefore2060.Thecountryissettoachievethehighest___40___(reduce)incarbonintensityglobally.___41___(addition),promotingcleanenergyandthelowcarbontransformationoftheeconomy___42___(be)nowagloballyacceptedmethodofaddressingclimatechange.Becauseofglobalwarming,extremeweathereventsareincreasinginfrequencyandintensity.Building___43___solidfrontlineofdisasterpreventioniscrucialfordealingwiththeeffectsofextremeweatherevents.Peopleareexpectedworktogetherto___44___(deep)internationalcooperationandmakegreatercontributionstobuildingacleanandbeautifulworldandsafeguardingtheEarth,theonlyplace____45____wecancallhome.第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.現(xiàn)代社會，短視頻日漸成為了生活的一部分，很多學生也沉迷其中。假如你是李華，上周你班就此現(xiàn)象展開了一次激烈的討論，給你的好友Eric寫信，闡述你的觀點。內(nèi)容包括：1.對此現(xiàn)象看法；2.理由。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯：短視頻shortvideoDearEric,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整短文。Withnoairconditionersandnotreesprovidingshade,theclassroomsthatfacedsouthatmychildren’smiddleschoolgottoohotduringthewarmermonthsoftheschoolyear.Iknewfrommydaysvolunteeringintheschoolthatstudentsandstaffgotoverheatedandthatitwasdifficultforthemtoconcentrate.Asalongtimemastergardener,Iknewtreescouldshadethoseclassroomwindowsandreducethetemperaturesinsidetorelativelyfortablelevels.Ifbenchesandtreeswereadded,thefrontyardwouldbetransformedintoabeautifuloutdoorclassroom,onethatwouldencourageteacherstobringtheirstudentsoutsidetolearn.AndIimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbeforourdistrict’skids,manyofwhomliveinapartmentbuildingswithoutyardsorgreenspace,toexperiencethehappinessofsittingonabenchunderaleafygreentreeduringtheirschoolday.Then,Imetwiththeschool