PAGE十Unit4ReadingandThinkingⅠ.單詞拼法1.Onceuponatimetheyweredriventothenorthernfrontier(邊疆).

2.Thedrivermanagedtoescapefromthevehicle(車輛)andshoutedforhelp.3.Therewasnothingyetforthesatellite(衛(wèi)星)camerastopickup.4.Asweallknow,theearthisinorbit(軌道)aroundthesun.5.Theyoungpeopleshouldmakeagreatercontributiontomankind(人類).6.Ifyoulosethesedata(資料),I’llneverforgiveyou.7.Sovietrocketshavelaunched(放射)moresatellitesintoorbitinthepastfewyears.

8.Hewaswithoutquestiononeofthegiants(偉人)ofJapaneseliterature.9.Thereisanongoing(進(jìn)行中的)discussionwithinthepartyaboutthis.

10.TheUnitedStatesmaysoonhaveamannedspacecraft(航天器)onMars.

Ⅱ.選詞填空succeedin,onboard,findout,lookupat,believein,inthehopeof,gowrong,carryon1.Therecanbenodoubtthatyouwillsucceedinyourscientificresearch.

2.Theyneedtointerviewsomepeopleandfindoutiftheyliketheirjobs.

3.Ashipwasleavingtheharborandwesawthepeopleonboardwaving.

4.Youlookupattheskyandifit’sclear,itisagooddayandyou’rehappy.

5.Someofhissupportershavestoppedbelievinginhim.

6.Whenthingsgowrongatwork,ourhealthcansuffer.

7.Pleasecarryonwhatyouweresaying.

8.TheymovedtoLiegeinthehopeofgettingbettertreatment.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Thesecondthingtodoisthatweshouldgetalongwellwithothersandlearntorespecteachother.

要做的其次件事是我們應(yīng)當(dāng)與其他人和諧地相處并學(xué)會(huì)相互敬重。2.Wearrivedearlyatthetheatresoastositinthefrontseats.我們?cè)缭鐏淼絼≡?以便占到前排座位。

3.Thisisbecauseitrequireseachmemberoftheteamtothinkdifferently.

這是因?yàn)樗笮〗M內(nèi)的每個(gè)成員的想法都不同。4.Nextmonth,whenyouwillspendyourholidaysinyourtown,iscoming.

下個(gè)月即將來臨,屆時(shí)你們將在家鄉(xiāng)度暑假。5.Theteacherwastellingastory,surroundedbyseverallovelykids.

那位老師在講故事,幾個(gè)可愛的孩子圍在身邊。Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·紹興高一檢測(cè))AninternationalteamofscientistshasdiscoveredastellarblackholeinEarth’s“cosmicbackyard”containingthemassof70suns.It’sablackholethatformsafterstarsdie,collapse,andexplode.Researchershadlongbelievedthatthesizelimitwasonly20timesthemassofoursunbecauseasthesestarsdie,theylosemostoftheirmassthroughexplosionsthatforcematterandgassweptawaybystellarwinds.ThistheoryhasnowbeentoppledbyLB-1,thenewlydiscoveredblackhole.Locatedabout15,000lightyearsaway,ithasamass70timesgreaterthanoursun,accordingtoapressreleasefromtheChinese“Blackholesofsuchmassshouldnotevenexistinourgalaxy(星系),accordingtomostofthepresentmodelsofstellarevolution,”saidLiuJifeng,headoftheteamthatmadethediscovery.“LB-1istwiceasmassiveaswhatwethoughtpossible.Nowtheoristswillhavetotakeupthechallengeofexplainingitsformation.”ScientistsarenowscratchingtheirheadsathowLB-1gotsohuge.Theteamhasproposedsometheories.LB-1’ssheersizesuggeststhatit“wasnotformedfromthecollapseofonlyonestar,”thestudysaid—instead,itcouldpotentiallybetwosmallerblackholesorbitingeachother.Anotherpossibilityisthatitformedfrom“fallbacksupernova(超新星)”.Thisiswhenasupernova—thelaststageofanexplodingstar—ejects(噴射)materialduringtheexplosion,whichthenfallsbackintothesupernova,creatingablackhole.Thisfallbackformationistheoreticallypossible,butscientistshaveneverbeenabletoproveorobserveit.ThereareseveraltypesofblackholesandstellarblackholeslikeLB-1areonthesmallerside,accordingtoNASA.Supermassiveblackholesaremuchbigger—theycanbebillionsoftimesthemassofoursun.Scientistsbelievesupermassiveblackholesmayhaveconnectionwiththeformationofgalaxies,astheyoftenexistatthecenterofthemassstarstemsbutitisstillnotclearexactlyhow,orwhichformfirst.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說明文,主要是與讀者共享黑洞發(fā)覺的新進(jìn)展。1.Accordingtoscientists,whatmightaccountfortheformationofLB-1?A.Thematerialejectedintheexplosionofasupernova.B.Thesmallerblackholesmovingaroundeachother.C.Theevolutionofthesolarsystem.D.Thecollapseofacertainstar.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章的六、七段可知,LB-1不是由一顆行星的爆炸解體形成的,而是兩個(gè)小的黑洞相互環(huán)繞形成的,故選B。2.Whatdoestheword“toppled”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Confirmed.B.Strengthened.C.Overturned. D.Refused.【解析】選C。詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)前文可知,這是原先有關(guān)黑洞的理論,依據(jù)上下文可知,LB-1是一個(gè)新的黑洞,與原先探討人員認(rèn)為的不同,故前文所講解并描述的黑洞理論將會(huì)被推翻、否認(rèn),從而可以揣測(cè)toppled為“推翻”之意。故選C。3.Whatisthepurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toinformreadersofthebasicknowledgeaboutblackholes.B.Tosharetherecentdevelopmentoftheblackholediscovery.C.Toshowtheimportanceofdiscoveringblackholesforscience.D.Toreportachievementsscientistshavemadeinblackholetheory.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。閱讀全文可知,文章主要圍繞黑洞新發(fā)覺綻開,依據(jù)內(nèi)容(包括黑洞如何形成、黑洞的大小等)可知,作者寫這篇文章是為了與讀者共享黑洞發(fā)覺的新進(jìn)展,故B選項(xiàng)為正確答案。4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TheLatestDiscoveryofGalaxiesB.ProposedTheoriesofBlackHolesC.ThePossibleFormationoftheBlackHolesD.BiggestStellar-massBlackHoleDiscovered【解析】選D。主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章圍繞的“黑洞新發(fā)覺”以及下文可知新發(fā)覺的黑洞的質(zhì)量是超級(jí)大的,原先理論認(rèn)為黑洞的質(zhì)量大約只有太陽(yáng)的20倍,可知最新發(fā)覺的黑洞的質(zhì)量是最大的,故選D。BSatellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample,theinformationforweatherforecastsissentbysatellite.SomesatelliteshavecameraswhichtakephotographsoftheEarthtoshowhowcloudsaremoving.Satellitesarealsousedtoconnectourinternationalphonecalls.ComputerconnectionsoftheWorldWideWebandtheInternetalsousesatellites.ManyofourTVprogrammescometousthroughsatellites.Airplanepilotsalsosometimesuseasatellitetohelpthemfindtheirexactlocation.Weusesatellitestosendtelevisionpicturesfromonepartoftheworldtoanother.Theyareusually35,880kilometresabovetheequator(赤道).Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.Thisisbecauseitismovingaroundtheworldat11,000kilometresanhour—exactlythesamespeedthattheearthrotates(轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)).AsatellitemustorbittheEarthwithitsantennae(天線)facingtheearth.Sometimes,itmovesawayfromitsorbit,sotherearelittlerocketsonitwhichareusedtoputthesatellitebackintherightposition.Thisusuallyhappensabouteveryfiveorsixdays.Spaceisnotempty!Everyweek,moreandmoresatellitesaresentintospacetoorbittheEarth.Asatelliteusuallyworksforabout10～12years.SatelliteswhicharebrokenaresometimesrepairedbyastronautsorsometimesbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.Often,veryoldorbrokensatellitesareleftinspacetoorbittheEarthforaverylongtime.Thisisveryseriousbecausesomesatellitesusenuclearpowerandtheycancrashintoeachother.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普說明文。文章對(duì)各種衛(wèi)星的用途、衛(wèi)星工作的狀態(tài)以及人們對(duì)已損壞衛(wèi)星的處理方法進(jìn)行了說明說明。5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdonebysatellitesaccordingtothepassage?A.Sendinginformationforweatherforecasts.B.TakingphotographsoftheEarth.C.SendingTVpictures.D.Providingfoodforairplanepilots.【解析】選D。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段和第三段可以看出,衛(wèi)星可以傳遞天氣預(yù)報(bào)信息、拍攝地球照片、傳遞電視圖片等,但是沒說為飛行員供應(yīng)食物。6.WhydoesthesatellitemovearoundtheworldatthesamespeedastheEarthrotates?A.Inordertotakephotographs.B.Inordertostayinacertainpositionintheorbit.C.Inordertomoveawayfromitsorbit.D.Inordertosendtelevisionpictures.【解析】選B。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可以看出,衛(wèi)星之所以用和地球自轉(zhuǎn)相同的速度繞地球旋轉(zhuǎn),是為了保持在肯定位置上。7.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inthe3rdparagraphreferto?A.Asatellite.B.Alittlerocket.C.Asatelliteseemstostayinthesameplaceinthesky.D.Thesatelliteputstherocketsintherightposition.【解析】選C。詞義揣測(cè)題。This在此替代前文的“Sometimeswecanseeasatelliteintheskyanditseemstostayinthesameplace.”。8.Whichistrueofsatellites?A.Themission(飛行任務(wù))lifetimeofasatelliteisusuallyabout10～12years.B.Everytimeasatellitegetsbroken,itisbroughtbacktotheEarthtoberepaired.C.Abrokensatelliteisneverleftinspace.D.Brokensatellitesoftencrashintoeachother.【解析】選A。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段第三句可知,衛(wèi)星工作的壽命通常為10～12年。A項(xiàng)正確。Ⅱ.閱讀填句LittleEtiquette(禮儀)RulesforFlyingonanAirplaneBeingapolitepassengerstartswithjustafeweasysteps.Helpyourfellowtraveler1,offertoliftafellowpassenger’supthere,too.Notonlyisitkind,butitcouldmaketheboardingprocessmoreefficientforeveryoneelse.

Keepyourpersonalthings,well,personalIt’simportanttobemindfulofyourpersonalbelongings.2,asyouwalkdowntheaisles(過道),bykeepingitinfrontofyouandclosetoyourbody.Andonceyousitdown,youshouldstaythere,andmakesureyouhaveeverythingyouwillneedfortheflightonceyousettleinyourseat.Reachingoverotherpassengerstoaccesstheoverheadstorageduringtheflightisuncomfortableforeveryone.

3

Inthenarrowspaceofanairplane,maintainingyourpersonalspacewillgoalongwaytowardsmakingasmootherrideforeveryone.Letthemiddle-seatpassengerusethearmrests(it’stheleastyoucando),andkeepyourlegswithinthewidthofthechairframe.BewillingtoswapseatswithafamilyAirlinessometimesreservecertainseatsforspecialpassengersorchargeextrafeesforadjacent(毗連的)ones,makingittoughforfamilymemberstobuyseatstogether.4,offertoswitchseatssothatafamilycansitbesideeachother;it’sakindgesturethattheywon’tforget.5,asswitchingseatswhileeveryoneisboardingcanbeaninconvenienceforthosestandinginthewalkways.

A.Ifyou’retravelingaloneB.IftheyavoideyecontactC.AvoidbringingsmellyfoodD.Respectyour(limited)spaceE.AvoidhittingotherpassengerswithyourbagF.Whileyou’reloadingyourcarry-onbagintotheoverheadspaceG.Butbesuretodelayswappinguntiltheplanehasreachedthesafealtitude【文章大意】本文為一篇說明文,主要介紹了在飛機(jī)上做一個(gè)有禮貌的乘客的幾個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的方法。1.【解析】選F。依據(jù)后面的“offertoliftafellowpassenger’supthere,too”中的there,too可知,當(dāng)你把隨身行李放進(jìn)頭頂上方的行李架時(shí),你也可以主動(dòng)提出幫同行的乘客把行李放上去。2.【解析】選E。依據(jù)小標(biāo)題Keepyourpersonalthings,well,personal和空后的“asyouwalkdowntheaisles,bykeepingitinfrontofyouandclosetoyourbody”可知,當(dāng)你在過道上走的時(shí)候,把它放在你前面,靠近你的身體。此處it指的是E項(xiàng)中的“yourbag”,E項(xiàng)“避開你的包撞到其他乘客”符合語(yǔ)境。3.【解析】選D。依據(jù)下文提到的“在狹小的機(jī)艙里,保持你的個(gè)人空間非常有助于每個(gè)人有一個(gè)更順當(dāng)?shù)穆眯?。讓中間座位的乘客運(yùn)用扶手(這是你最至少能做的),并保持你的腿放在椅子框架的寬度之內(nèi)”可知,本段主要講敬重你有限的空間。故D項(xiàng)適合作此處的小標(biāo)題。4.【解析】選A。依據(jù)前句“Airlinessometimesreservecertainseatsforspecialpassengersorchargeextrafeesforadjacentones,makingittoughforfamilymemberstobuyseatstogether”(航空公司有時(shí)會(huì)為特別乘客預(yù)留某些座位,或者對(duì)相鄰的座位收取額外費(fèi)用,這使得家庭成員很難購(gòu)買在一起的座位),再結(jié)合空后的“offertoswitchseatssothatafamilycansitbesideeachother”(主動(dòng)提出調(diào)換座位,讓一家人坐在一起)可知,空處應(yīng)是描述你能夠跟別人調(diào)換座位的前提,故A項(xiàng)“假如你是獨(dú)自一人旅行”符合語(yǔ)境。5.【解析】選G。依據(jù)小標(biāo)題Bewillingtoswapseatswithafamily中的swap和下文說明的緣由“asswitchingseatswhileeveryoneisboardingcanbeaninconvenienceforthosestandinginthewalkways”可知,此處指的是“但請(qǐng)務(wù)必直到飛機(jī)到達(dá)平安高度之后再交換座位”。Ⅲ.完形填空“It’stoolateforme,Susan.I’mtoo1forschool,”saidSharron.“Howoldareyou?”Susanasked.“I’mthirty.”SusanpointedatthebruisesonSharron’swrists,“I’mfamiliarwith‘2’likethese.Honey,it’snevertoolateto3yourdream.LetmetellyouhowIknow.”

Susanbegan4apartofherlifefewknewabout.“Atmy5settlement,thejudgegaveoursonstomyhusband6IwasonlynineteenandhefeltIcouldn’tprovideforthem.The7ofhimtakingmybabiesleftmeweeping.Tomakethings8,myhusbandtooktheboysandmoved,cuttingallcontactIhadwiththem.Justlikethejudgepredicted,I9tomakeendsmeet.Ifoundworkasawaitress,workingfor10only.Manydaysmymeals11milkandbiscuits.Themostdifficultthingwasthe12Even13fourdecades,thememorywasstillpainful.Sharron’seyeswerefilledwithtearsasshereachedoutto14Susan.Susancontinued,“Iremarriedandhadadaughter.Shebecamemyreasonforlivinguntilshewenttocollege.ThenIwas15whereIstarted,notknowingwhattodowith16—untilthedaymymotherhadanoperation.Iwatchedthenursescareforherandthought:Icandothat.I17totakestepstowardmygoal.Ibegan18untillateatnight.”Susanpausedandlooked19iTearsrolleddownSharron’scheeks.Herewassomeoneofferingthekeythatmightunlockthedoorofher20life.

【文章大意】本文為一篇記敘文。Sharron意志消沉,不能自拔,Susan用自己的親身經(jīng)驗(yàn)告知她:追逐自己的幻想恒久都不晚。1.A.oldB.youngC.fairD.poor【解析】選A。由上文“It’stoolateforme”及下文“Howoldareyou”可知,Sharron覺得自己年齡太大了,不適合上學(xué)了。2.A.limits B.dreamsC.problems D.efforts【解析】選C。Susan此處意指對(duì)方年齡大和手腕上的傷痕兩個(gè)問題。3.A.become B.followC.accept D.admit【解析】選B。追逐自己的幻想恒久不晚。4.A.suffering B.preferringC.enjoying D.sharing【解析】選D。由上文“LetmetellyouhowIknow.”及下文Susan講的內(nèi)容可知,她與對(duì)方共享自己的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。5.A.family B.wealth C.service D.divorce【解析】選D。由下文失去