手繪思維導(dǎo)圖，助力讀后續(xù)寫讀后續(xù)寫主要依照內(nèi)容情節(jié)、詞匯語(yǔ)法及銜接連貫等三個(gè)評(píng)價(jià)維度分7檔評(píng)分。如何幫助考生高效審題答題，是亟需解決的問(wèn)題。深度學(xué)習(xí)是新課標(biāo)積極倡導(dǎo)的學(xué)習(xí)方式，而思維導(dǎo)圖可將抽象的思維及信息可視化，本文以2021年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫為例，說(shuō)明如何手繪思維導(dǎo)圖，助力讀后續(xù)寫。1讀后續(xù)寫六步解題1.記住WHO原則，劃出關(guān)鍵信息我們閱讀文本時(shí)著重找出記敘文的七個(gè)要點(diǎn)5W1H1O(簡(jiǎn)稱為“WHO”)，即語(yǔ)篇涉及的人物(who)、地點(diǎn)(where)、時(shí)間(when)、事件(what)、故事的起因(why)、發(fā)展過(guò)程(how)，以及文章的架構(gòu)(order)。具體問(wèn)題鏈如下：Whowerethemaincharactersinthisstory?

Whenandwheredidthisstoryhappen?

Whathappenedinthegivenpartofthestory?Why?How?

Whatorderwasthestoryorganized?我們應(yīng)邊讀邊快速劃出關(guān)鍵信息，盡快進(jìn)入答題狀態(tài)。2.手繪思維導(dǎo)圖，梳理故事脈絡(luò)我們劃出關(guān)鍵詞句后，可手繪思維導(dǎo)圖梳理信息，提煉故事主干信息。如：

3.畫出Storymountain，解讀記敘文記敘文一般包括開端、發(fā)展、高潮、回落、結(jié)局。故事的主要沖突和矛盾一般發(fā)生在原文高潮部分，而故事的回落和結(jié)局就是考生要續(xù)寫的部分。2021新高考全國(guó)I卷讀后續(xù)寫標(biāo)題AMOTHER'SDAYSURPRISE及故事開端中“HowpleasedandproudMotherwouldbewhentheybroughtherbreakfastinbed.”皆為續(xù)寫結(jié)局埋下伏筆。故事開端中雙胞胎迫不及待想為媽媽準(zhǔn)備早餐，故事發(fā)展時(shí)他們進(jìn)展順利，到高潮時(shí)他們狀況百出、手忙腳亂，這些皆為結(jié)局埋下暗線。續(xù)寫時(shí)要注意與前文呼應(yīng)，故下文要有雙胞胎做好早餐并拿到媽媽床前，母親驚喜交加的場(chǎng)景設(shè)置，展現(xiàn)親情和愛的主題。故事山如下圖：4.關(guān)注兩個(gè)段首句，定好故事發(fā)展線讀后續(xù)寫要注意多維度銜接，包括與所給段首句的銜接，續(xù)寫第一段與第二段的銜接，續(xù)寫段落與原文在內(nèi)容邏輯、思維模式及語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格上的銜接，故事內(nèi)在意義也要連貫且凸顯主題。我們續(xù)寫前應(yīng)重點(diǎn)分析兩個(gè)段首句，第二個(gè)段首句尤為關(guān)鍵，它暗示了故事的發(fā)展走向，對(duì)結(jié)局的設(shè)定至關(guān)重要。由于續(xù)寫語(yǔ)篇要求150詞左右，且分為兩段，而結(jié)局一般由兩三個(gè)主要場(chǎng)景構(gòu)成。考生注意不能因某個(gè)小場(chǎng)景占用過(guò)多篇幅，喧賓奪主。如果次要場(chǎng)景過(guò)度渲染，主要場(chǎng)景因篇幅不夠草草了事，會(huì)使文章布局失衡影響得分。所以，列提綱，會(huì)取舍，有全局觀很重要。該題依據(jù)段首句中“theirfatherappeared”及“Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.”我們可手繪思維導(dǎo)圖列提綱如下：5.巧用細(xì)節(jié)描寫圖，增強(qiáng)故事畫面感細(xì)節(jié)描寫不是越多越好，應(yīng)緊扣主題合理設(shè)置。我們要分配好幾個(gè)主要場(chǎng)景的篇幅，并精選適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)作、心理、情感、語(yǔ)言、環(huán)境描寫，以增強(qiáng)故事的可讀性。該題故事發(fā)生在廚房，環(huán)境刻畫沒有發(fā)展空間，可弱化環(huán)境描寫，著重于動(dòng)作和情感描寫來(lái)凸顯親情主題。此外，可適當(dāng)設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話，并靈活使用銜接詞和多樣化的句式，在語(yǔ)言的風(fēng)格和形式上與原文協(xié)同。我們可手繪思維導(dǎo)圖，列出需要的詞塊句式。如：6.重視結(jié)尾，深化主題2021年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫圍繞人與自我主題，選取了母親節(jié)當(dāng)天為母親做早飯的語(yǔ)篇，呈現(xiàn)了勞動(dòng)教育，親情、和諧家庭的主題，該考題主要體現(xiàn)了德智體美勞中的勞育和德育。續(xù)寫部分明線是“AMother＇sDaySurprise”，暗線是“l(fā)oveamongfamilies”，我們只要圍繞主題，采用自然結(jié)尾式、以景結(jié)情式、哲理式結(jié)尾等均可。2參考范文及習(xí)作對(duì)比點(diǎn)評(píng)1.2021年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫由原文微調(diào)后的參考范文如下（采用自然結(jié)尾式）：Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,theirfatherappeared.Withonelookheknewwhattheywereupto（動(dòng)作詞塊、賓語(yǔ)從句）.Seeing（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)）theirdisappointedfaces（神態(tài)詞塊）,hetoldthemtocleanup（動(dòng)作詞塊）thekitchenwhilehehelpedthemmakebreakfastforMother（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）.Thetwinscheeredup（情感詞塊）anddidastold（動(dòng)作詞塊）.Withinanhour（銜接詞）,thekitchenwascleaned（被動(dòng)句）,andFatherhadmadesomeeggsandwichesandcookedsomeoatporridge.Then（銜接詞）hesneakedbacktobed（動(dòng)作詞塊）.Thetwinspreparedthebreakfasttray（動(dòng)作詞塊）,addingacard（現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）theyhadmade（后置定語(yǔ)）andsteppedoutofthekitchen（動(dòng)作詞塊）.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.Theyhuggedher,yelling（現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語(yǔ)）“HappyMother'sDay,darlingMummy!”（簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話,呼應(yīng)前文）Motherhuggedthetwins.Hereyeswidenedatthesightofthebreakfasttray（情感詞塊,eyeswidened呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題surprise）.SheshookFatherwhowaspretendingtosnore（定語(yǔ)從句）.Hefeignedastonishment（情緒詞塊）whenhesawthebreakfast（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）.Motherbitintoasandwich（動(dòng)作詞塊）andsaiditwasthebestsandwichshehadevertasted（凸顯主題love）.Jeffimmediatelywantedtohaveabite.Jennacaughtherfatherseyeandtheywinkedateachothersecretly（動(dòng)作詞塊）.點(diǎn)評(píng)：該文內(nèi)容完整，情節(jié)合理，句式豐富，運(yùn)用課標(biāo)詞匯及精彩詞塊，故事畫面感強(qiáng)。2.筆者指導(dǎo)學(xué)生按六步解題法解答2021年新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷讀后續(xù)寫，習(xí)作如下：Asthetwinslookedaroundthemindisappointment,theirfatherappeared.Seeingthekitcheninamess（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)、環(huán)境描寫）,heimmediatelyrealizedwhathappened（賓語(yǔ)從句）.Thetwinsfeltupset（情緒詞塊）andsaid,“WejustwanttogiveMommyasurprise,helpus,Daddy.”（簡(jiǎn)短對(duì)話,呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題surprise）Fatheragreedwithafriendlysmile（神態(tài)、動(dòng)作詞塊）.Thetwinsdidastheirfathersaid,cleaningup（動(dòng)作詞塊）themessykitchensoon.Then（銜接詞）withthehelpoftheirfather,thetwinscookedthebreakfastagain.Fortunately（銜接詞）,everythingseemedperfectintheend.Thetwinsfeltmorethandelighted（情感詞塊）whentheywalkedoutofthekitchenwiththeirbreakfasttray（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）.ThentheyaddedacardforMothersDaywiththeirbestwishes.Thetwinscarriedthebreakfastupstairsandwoketheirmotherup.Unawareof（形容詞短語(yǔ)）whathappened（賓語(yǔ)從句）,Motherwokeupwithhereyeshalfwideningtoseethetwins（動(dòng)作詞塊）.Whatasurpriseitwas?。ǜ袊@句，呼應(yīng)標(biāo)題surprise）Theirmotherwassomoved（情感詞塊）thatshehuggedhertwosweetheartshappily.Joyfully（銜接詞），Jeffcouldn'twaittotastetheyummyporridgewhileJennabitthedeliciousbread（狀語(yǔ)從句）.Motherreadthecardandatethetastybreakfastwiththetwins,expressingherhappinessandgratitude（動(dòng)作、情感詞塊）.Shesaidthiswasthebestgiftthatshehadeverreceived（點(diǎn)題）.Fatheralsopretendedtobeamazedtoseethebreakfastthetwinsbroughttothem（后置定語(yǔ)）.Whatreallyhappenedinthemorning（主語(yǔ)從句）wasasweetsecretamongFatherandthetwins.WhatanunforgettableMother'sDa