高考英語——非謂語動詞易錯點總結(jié)PAGEPAGE41.當(dāng)名詞被thefirst,thelast等序數(shù)詞以及theonly,形容詞最高級修飾時，常用不定式作定語，而不管動作是否已完成． Heistheonlypersontoknowthetruth. Sheisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave.2.被修飾詞是抽象名詞時，常用不定式作定語：ability，chance，idea，hope，wish，fact，excuse，promise，attempt，way等。 Andthebestwaytostrengthenwillpoweristomakeitintoahabit. Theabilitytoexpressanideaisasimportantastheideaitself.3.主動形式表被動意義的不定式。主語＋be+adj.+todoThequestionisverydifficulttoanswer.Thearmchairiscomfortabletositin.Thebookishardtounderstand.這類詞有：easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointed等，表示主語特征、性質(zhì)或說明產(chǎn)生這種情感的原因。4.獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語 Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow. Timepermitting（=Iftimepermits）,Ishallstayhereforanothertwodays． Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday. Everythingdone(=Aftereverythingwasdone),theywenthome. Motherbeingillinbed（=BecauseMotherwasillinbed）,hecouldn’tgotowork. Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.5.表示感官的動詞1感2聽,5看feel/hear,listento/see,watch,notice,observe,lookat感官的動詞+賓語+do看見...做了（全過程）...doing看見...正在做...done看見被做...IheardhersinganEnglishsong.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedherroom.Iseehimbeatenbythosebadboys.6.4個使役動詞:have，make，let，get+賓語+賓補（非謂語動詞）※make/let+賓語+dosth迫使某人做某事，被動語態(tài)為bemadetodosthHemademelaugh.IwasmadetolaughbyhimLet’sgothere,shallwe?※make/let+賓語+done(動詞過去分詞)（使某事被做）Hecouldn'tmakehimselfheardabovethenoiseofthetraffic.Letheclotheswashed.※have+賓語+dosthHehadhergothere.※have+賓語+doingsth表示動作的執(zhí)行者為賓語,但是動詞必須是持續(xù)性動詞/延續(xù)性動詞，后面常接一個時間段HehadherstandingintherainfortwohoursHehaduslaughingallthroughlunch.※have+賓語+done表示叫，讓，請別人做某事或遭遇不幸事件IwillhavemybikerepairedthisafternoonHehadhiswalletstolenattherailwaystation.Hehadhispocketpicked.※get+賓語+todosthHegothisbrothertohelphim.※get+賓語+doingsthHegothisbikerunningveryfast※get+賓語+doneHegotthecarstarted7.with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“With+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”又稱為“with結(jié)構(gòu)”，在句中表狀態(tài)或說明背景情況，常做伴隨，方式，原因，條件等狀語?！鵺ith+名詞+todo（不定式動作尚未發(fā)生）Withsomanypeopletohelpus,wearesuretofinishitintime．※with+名詞+doing（強調(diào)名詞是-ing分詞的動作的發(fā)出者或某動作，正在進行）Hefellasleepwiththelampburning．他沒熄燈就睡著了?！鵚ith+名詞+-ed分詞（強調(diào)名詞是-ed分詞動作的承受者或動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked．8.to作為介詞的短語：lookforwardtolookforwardto，payattentionto，objectto＝beopposedto，bedevotedto，stickto，comecloseto(差一點)，getdownto(開始認真做)，get/beaccustomed/usedto(doing),leadto＝contributeto，itcomesto（談到……；就……而論）9.介詞but/except表除了，其前有實義動詞do時，but/except后的不定式to要省略，否則to則不省.我們用一句話概括就是：前有do后省toShehasnochoicebuttowaitHecoulddonothingbutwait.Icoulddonothingexceptagree.10.it作形式主語,構(gòu)成句型: It’s+n.(adj.)+for(of)sb.+todosth. Itisdifficult/easy/possible/necessary/...forsb.todosth.在某些形容詞如clever,good,n