Unit5Artwork（譯林版）人與社會(huì)：文學(xué)與藝術(shù)單元引言解讀“Tobeanartististobelieveinlife.”–HenryMoore釋義：成為一名藝術(shù)家就是要相信生活?！嗬つ枂⑹荆核囆g(shù)來源于生活，藝術(shù)可以點(diǎn)亮人生，藝術(shù)是無國界的通用語言，藝術(shù)可以啟發(fā)思考和共鳴。名言名句積累人與社會(huì)1.Tome,artisthemostimportantwayoflife.-WassilyKandinsky對我來說，藝術(shù)是生活中最重要的方式。-瓦西里·康定斯基2.Artistheonlywaytoputone'ssoulintoanotherperson'shead.-VanGogh藝術(shù)是將一個(gè)人的靈魂植入另一個(gè)人的頭部的唯一方式。-梵高3.Thetruevalueofaworkofartisnotwhatitcosts,butwhatitcandoforyou.-Picasso一件藝術(shù)作品的真正價(jià)值不是它的成本，而是它能為你做什么。-畢加索4.Artisnotamirrorhelduptoreality,butahammerwithwhichtoshapeit.-BertoltBrecht“藝術(shù)不是一面用來反映現(xiàn)實(shí)的鏡子，而是一個(gè)用來塑造它的錘子。”-貝托爾特·布萊希特5.Artevokesthemysterywithoutwhichtheworldwouldnotexist.藝術(shù)喚起了神秘感，沒有這種神秘感世界就不存在。6.Artwashesawayfromthesoulthedustofeverydaylife.藝術(shù)從靈魂中洗去了日常生活的塵埃。時(shí)文拓展閱讀TheChinesevideogameBlackMyth:Wukong(《黑神話：悟空》)hasbecomeabighit.Itsoldmorethan10million(百萬)copiesinjustthreedaysafteritcameoutonAug20.Thegameisbasedon(基于)theChinesestoryJourneytotheWest(《西游記》).Inthegame,youplayastheDestinedOne,amonkeyfollowinginthefootstepsoftheMonkeyKingonajourneytobringhimback.Manyplayers,especiallythosefromWesterncountries,findthegame’sstoryandcharactershardtounderstandbecauseit’ssomuchaboutChineseculture.Tohelp,someWesternfanshaveputinalotofwork.OnefanevenwrotealongsummaryofSunWukong’sabilitiesinall100chapters(章)ofJourneytotheWest.Bylookingintothegameanditsbackground(背景),WesternplayersnotonlyimprovedtheirgamingskillsbutalsogrewtounderstandSunWukongandthestoryofJourneytotheWest.“SunWukonggivesoffacarefree(逍遙的),independentandchaotic(無秩序的)nature.HeisnotcontrolledbytheneedtosetagoodexampleforotherslikeSpider-ManorSuperman,whofollowstrictruleslike‘withgreatpower(能力)comesgreatresponsibility(責(zé)任)’,”saidPatrickMcCarthyfromtheUS.

JourneytotheWesttellsanexcitingstoryofadangerousjourneyandlooksatdifferentideas.Ithasinspiredalotofstoriesacrosscultures.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages,showingitslastingpopularity.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthegame?A.ItsplayersaremainlyWesterners.B.PlayersplayastheMonkeyKing.C.PlayersneedtobringtheMonkeyKingback.D.IttellsthestoryofJourneytotheWest.

2.WhatproblemdoWesternplayersfacewhenplayingthegame?A.Thegameistoolongtofinish.B.Itishardtousethecharacters’abilities.C.Theyfindithardtounderstandtheculturalmeaning.D.Theycan’tunderstandtheChineselanguageinthegame.3.AccordingtoPatrick,whatmakesSunWukongadifferentkindofhero?A.Hestrictlyfollowsrules.B.Hehasgreatpowerandabilities.C.Hesetsagoodexampleforothers.D.Hefollowshisownrulesandwishes.

4.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.CultureinJourneytotheWest.B.People’sloveforvideogames.C.FamousbooksaboutChineseculture.D.WorldwideinterestinaChinesegame.【文章解讀】文章介紹了中國視頻游戲《黑神話：悟空》在全球范圍內(nèi)取得的巨大成功，該游戲基于中國古典名著《西游記》。游戲于8月20日發(fā)布，僅三天就賣出了超過1000萬份。玩家在游戲中扮演的是“天選之子”，一只猴子，它追隨猴王的腳步，踏上了尋回猴王的旅程。許多玩家，尤其是來自西方國家的玩家，發(fā)現(xiàn)游戲的故事和角色難以理解，因?yàn)樗鼈兣c中國的文化密切相關(guān)。為了幫助這些玩家，一些西方粉絲付出了很多努力，甚至有粉絲為《西游記》中孫悟空的能力寫了一篇長總結(jié)。通過研究游戲及其背景，西方玩家不僅提高了他們的游戲技能，而且對孫悟空和《西游記》的故事有了更深的理解。文章中提到了一位來自美國的PatrickMcCarthy的觀點(diǎn)，他認(rèn)為孫悟空與蜘蛛俠或超人等英雄不同，他不受為他人樹立榜樣的需要所控制，他遵循自己的規(guī)則和愿望?！段饔斡洝分v述了一段充滿危險(xiǎn)的旅程，并探討了不同的想法，它激發(fā)了跨文化的故事創(chuàng)作。這本書已被翻譯成多種語言，顯示了其持久的受歡迎程度。【答案】DCDD綜合實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練（一）FromChinesecultureenthusiaststoLeagueofLegendsfans,everyonecanfindsomethingthey’repassionateaboutattheZigongLanternFestivalinZigong,Sichuanprovince.DatingbacktotheTangDynasty(618-907),thefestivalhasrapidlyevolved(發(fā)展),incorporatingthefinestelementsfromothersplendidculturesandusingmoderntechnologies.In2008,theZigongLanternFestivalwaslistedasanationalculturalheritage.“Makingagiantlanternsuitableforexhibitiontypicallyrequires17steps,”saidWanSongtao,aninheritorofZigonglantern-making.“Eachstepisaccomplishedbyateaminsteadofasinglemaker,”Wanadded.Asundial(日晷)madebyWan’steam,forexample,tookabout80artisans(工匠)over50daysfromdraftingthedesigntofinallightadjustments(調(diào)整).Settingthemselvesapartfromlanternsinotherplaces,ZigonglanternsusemoderntechnologiessuchasAI,mechanicalengineering,andholography(全息攝影術(shù)).Theyserveasperfectcombinationsoflights,soundsandmovements.Forexample,thesundialemploysmechanicaltransmissiontopoweranamazingChinesedragonthatrevolves(旋轉(zhuǎn))arounditsrim(邊緣).Mosttraditionalcraftshavebeenlimitedtospecificfamiliesorgroups.However,theinheritanceofZigonglantern-makingisuniqueasit“isdrivenandledbythegovernment,whichencouragesallcitizenstolearnthecraft”,explainedZhangFanglai,aleadingresearcherattheColorfulLanternMuseumofChina.

Furthermore,therearenothematiclimitsattheZigongLanternFestival.“Anythingthatcanbeshownonalanterncanmakeawonderfuldisplay,andeveryoneisencouragedtoturntheirideasintoreality,”Zhangstated.ThediversethemesofZigonglanternsmirrortheinclusivity(包容性)thathasbeenrootedintheheartsofthelocalpeopleforyears.ZhangFanglaisaidthatZigongisacityshapedbyimmigration.“Migrantsfromothercitiesnotonlyinvestedtheirmoneybutalsobroughttheiruniquecultures,”Zhangexplained.“AttheheartoftheZigongLanternFestival’ssuccessisthelocaltraditionofcollaboration(合作)andembracingculturaldiversity,bothwithinandbeyondthecity,”Zhangremarked.Drivenbythecollectiveeffortsoftheentirecity,itishardlysurprisingthatZigonglanternshavereachedcountrieslikeFrance,Russia,theUnitedStatesandLithuania.1.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheprocessofmakingthesundiallantern?A.Efficient. B.Unpredictable. C.Smooth. D.Demanding.2.HowareZigonglanternsdifferentfromthosemadeinotherareas?A.Theyaremadebyateamofartisans.B.Theymakeuseofadvancedtechnology.C.Theyarenotlimitedbythemes.D.Theyarefinanciallysupportedbythegovernment.3.WhatisuniqueabouttheinheritanceofZigonglantern-making?A.Itispromotedbythegovernment.B.Itislimitedtospecificfamiliesorgroups.C.Itisopentoallnetizensinthecountrytolearn.D.Itisenrichedbytheculturalbackgroundsofimmigrants.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“embracing”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A.Removing.

B.Accepting.C.Challenging.D.Ignoring.【答案】DBAB【解析】自漢代起，四川自貢燈會(huì)深受人們喜愛。2008年，自貢燈會(huì)被列為國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)。燈會(huì)不僅展示了精湛的手工藝，也融入現(xiàn)代技術(shù)如AI和全息攝影，創(chuàng)造出燈光、聲音和動(dòng)作的完美結(jié)合。1.D.根據(jù)文章中的描述，制作一個(gè)適合展覽的巨型燈籠通常需要17個(gè)步驟，每個(gè)步驟都是由一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)而不是單個(gè)制作者完成的。例如，萬松濤團(tuán)隊(duì)制作的日晷，從設(shè)計(jì)草圖到最終燈光調(diào)整，大約需要80名工匠花費(fèi)50天的時(shí)間。這表明制作自貢燈籠的過程是要求嚴(yán)格的。2.B.根據(jù)文中的信息，自貢燈籠使用現(xiàn)代技術(shù)，如人工智能、機(jī)械工程和全息攝影術(shù)，它們是燈光、聲音和動(dòng)作的完美結(jié)合。例如，日晷利用機(jī)械傳動(dòng)來驅(qū)動(dòng)一個(gè)驚人的中國龍圍繞其邊緣旋轉(zhuǎn)。這顯示了自貢燈籠與其他地區(qū)制作的燈籠不同的地方在于它們使用了先進(jìn)技術(shù)。3.A.根據(jù)文中的信息，自貢燈籠制作的傳承方式獨(dú)特，因?yàn)樗怯烧苿?dòng)和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的，鼓勵(lì)所有市民學(xué)習(xí)這門手藝。這表明自貢燈籠制作的傳承特點(diǎn)是得到政府的推廣。4.B.在最后一段中，提到自貢是一個(gè)由移民塑造的城市，“移民不僅投入了他們的資金，還帶來了他們獨(dú)特的文化”，并且自貢彩燈的多樣性主題反映了當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣穸嗄陙砀畹俟痰陌菪浴＿@里的“embracing”意味著接受和歡迎不同的文化，與自貢燈籠節(jié)的成功密不可分。（二）VincentWillemvanGogh(30March,1853-29July,1890)isseenasoneofthegreatestartistswithgreatinfluenceonthe20thcenturyart.VanGoghspenthisearlyadultlifeworkingforacompanyofartdealers（藝術(shù)商）.Afterashortperiodasateacher,hebecameamissionary（傳教士）.Hedidnotbeginhiscareerasanartistuntil1880.However,duringthelasttenyearsofhislife,heproducedmorethan2,000pieces,includingaround900paintingsandl,100drawingsandsketches（素描）.Mostofhisbestknownworkswereproducedduringhisfinaltwoyears,whenhewassufferingfrom（患上）seriousmentalillness.In1890,VanGoghshothimselfwhenhewas37.Hediedtwodayslater.Theo,hisbrotherandhisbestfriend,athissidereportedhislastwordsas“Thesadnesswilllastforever".Itwouldnottakelongbeforehisfame（名聲）grewhigherandhigher.VanGogh'smotherthrewawayquiteanumberofhispaintings.Theonlypaintinghesoldduringhislifetime.TheRedVineyard,wascreatedin1888.ItisnowonshowinthePushkinMuseuminMoscow,Russia.SeveralpaintingsbyVanGoghisamongthemostexpensivepaintingsintheworld.OnMarch30,1987,VanGogh'spaintingIriseswassoldforarecordof$53.9millionatSotheby's,NewYork.OnMay151990,hisPortraitofDoctorGachetwassoldfor$83.5millionatChristie's,settinganewpricerecord.1.HowoldwasVanGoghwhenhebecameanartist?A.27. B.3l. C.35. D.37.2.VanGoghworkedasthefollowingEXCEPTA.ateacher B.amissionary C.anartist D.amanager3.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat___________.A.VanGogh'smentalstresscamefromhisfamilyB.VanGogh'smentalstresswasveryseriousbeforehisdeathC.VanGoghlivedapoorlifebeforehewasanartistD.VanGoghproduced2,000pieces4.WhichstatementisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.VanGogh'smotherlikedhisson'spaintingverymuch.B.ThefirstpaintingVanGoghproducedwasTheRedVineyard.C.VanGoghwasnotverypopularbeforehisdeath.D.VanGoghshothimselfanddiedtwodayslater.5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.VanGogh. B.VanCogh'sworks.C.VanGogh'sfamily. D.VanCogh’sdeath【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.C5.A【解析】本篇文章難度適中，主要介紹世界著名畫家凡·高的一生。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文中“VincentWillemvanGosh（30March，1853-29July，1890）is…”可知，他生于1853年。根據(jù)文中“Hedidnotbeginhiscareerasanartistuntil1880…”可知，他1880年成為藝術(shù)家。由此推斷，他是27歲時(shí)成為藝術(shù)家的。故選A。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)VanGoghspenthisearlyadultlifeworkingforacompanyofartdealers（藝術(shù)商）.Afterashortperiodasateacher,hebecameamissionary（傳教士）.Hedidnotbeginhiscareerasanartistuntil1880“梵高成年后的早期在一家藝術(shù)品經(jīng)銷商公司工作。當(dāng)了一段時(shí)間的教師后，他成了一名傳教士。他直到1880年才開始他的藝術(shù)家生涯”可知，他做過教師、傳教士、藝術(shù)家，并沒有成為管理者，故選D。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中第二段“Mostofhisbestknownworkswereproducedduringhisfinaltwoyears，whenhewassufferingfromseriousmentalillness.”可知，在他去世前兩年，他的精神壓力就非常大了。所以他去世前精神壓力很嚴(yán)重。故選B。4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Hediedtwodayslater.Theo,hisbrotherandhisbestfriend,athissidereportedhislastwordsas“Thesadnesswilllastforever".Itwouldnottakelongbeforehisfamegrewhigherandhigher“兩天后他去世了。西奧，他的哥哥，他最好的朋友，在他身邊報(bào)告了他的臨終遺言，因?yàn)楸瘋麑⒂肋h(yuǎn)持續(xù)下去?！辈痪?，他的名氣就越來越大了”可知，凡·高生前并不出名。故選C。5.主旨大意題。本文主要講述梵高成為畫家之前的工作、他成為藝術(shù)家后創(chuàng)作了許多作品以及他死后變得出名了，作品值很多錢。所以，主要講述梵高的一生，故選A。（三）YangHongwei,56,makeskitesathershopinWeifang,Shandong.Knownasthebirthplaceofkites,WeifanginShandongProvincehasalonghistoryofmakingkites.Accordingtolocalartisans,Weifangkite-makingcanbedatedbackto2,000yearsago.Atfirst,theywereoftenusedbythemilitary(軍事)formeasuringdistanceandcommunicationpurposes.DuringtheMingDynasty(1368-1644),kitesstartedtobepopularamongthepeopleasentertainment.MadefrombambooandfeaturingtraditionalChinesepaintings,Weifangkite-makingwasincludedintheNationalIntangibleCulturalHeritageList(國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄)in2006.Startedin1984,theInternationalKiteFestivalhasbeenheldinWeifangeveryyear.YangHongweiisaninheritor(繼承人)oftheWeifangkite-makingtechnique.Bornintoakite-makingfamily,Yangoftensawkiteswithbrightcolorsanddifferentshapesinhergrandfather’sworkshop.Havingaspecialconnectionwithkites,Yanglearnedthetechniquefromhergrandfatherattheageof16.Afterpracticingthetechniquefor10years,shestartedherownshopin1992.OnYang’skites,peoplecanseenotonlycommonpatterns(花樣)likebutterfliesandswallows,butsomeprintstellingChineselegendsandhistory.Forexample,sheevermadeakiteshowingaphoenix(鳳凰)headlinedwithportraits(肖像)of50famouswomeninChinesehistoryoneachside.Thoughtheideawascool,theprocesswasnoteasy.Yangsaidthateachwomanhasdifferentcharacteristicsinlook,clothesandmakeupstyle.Tocreatetheirportraits,shespentmucheffortandtimecheckinghistoricalrecordsordiscussingthedetailswithprofessionals.Inhersparetime,shealsotravelstodifferentcountriesincludingGermany,Australia,theUSandNewZealandtotellpeopleaboutChinesestoriesseenonkitesandthetraditionalwaysofmakingkites.1.Whatwerekitesusedforatfirst?A.Forentertainment. B.Formeasuringdistanceandcommunication.C.Foreducation. D.Fordecoratingthehousesinfestivals.2.Thekitesbecamepopularduringthe________.A.HanDynasty B.QingDynasty C.MingDynasty D.YuanDynasty3.WhatarethefeaturesofkitesaccordingtoParagraph3?①madeofpaperonly

②madefrombamboo③featuringtraditionalChinesepaintings

④featuringmodernChinesepaintingsA.①②. B.②③. C.③④. D.①④.4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisTRUEaccordingtothetext?A.OnYang’skites,peoplecanonlyseecommonpatterns.B.TheInternationalKiteFestivalhasbeenheldinWeifangeverytwoyears.C.Yangspentmuchtimeandeffortcreatingtheportraitsof50womenonthekite.D.Yangoftensawkiteswithbrightcolorsanddifferentshapesinheruncle’sworkshop.5.Inwhichsectionofthenewspapercanyoureadthetext?A.Sports. B.Health. C.Travel. D.Culture.【答案】1.B

2.C

3.B

4.C

5.D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了中國的風(fēng)箏文化的發(fā)展。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“Atfirst,theywereoftenusedbythemilitaryformeasuringdistanceandcommunicationpurposes.”可知起初風(fēng)箏經(jīng)常被軍方用于測量距離和通信目的，故選B。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“DuringtheMingDynasty(1368-1644),kitesstartedtobepopularamongthepeopleasentertainment.”可知在明代，風(fēng)箏作為一種娛樂方式開始在民間流行起來。故選C。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“MadefrombambooandfeaturingtraditionalChinesepaintings,Weifangkite-makingwasincludedintheNationalIntangibleCulturalHeritageListin2006.”可知風(fēng)箏制作以竹子為原料，以中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫為特色，故選B。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“sheevermadeakiteshowingaphoenixheadlinedwithportraitsof50famouswomeninChinesehistoryoneachside.”可知她曾經(jīng)做過一個(gè)風(fēng)箏，兩邊是中國歷史上50位著名女性的肖像，故選C。5.推理判斷題，根據(jù)“Knownasthebirthplaceofkites,WeifanginShandongProvincehasalonghistoryofmakingkites.”并通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了中國的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)——風(fēng)箏，故選D。（四）Abing,oneofChinesemusiciansofthe20thcentury,wasbornonAugust7,893intheeasternChinesecityofWuxi.HisofficialnamewasHuaYanjun.Abing’sfatherwasgoodatanumberofmusical2.HetrainedAbingindrumsfromtheageof0.Abingbeganlearningthediziatage12,thentheerhu.Whenhewas7,Abingfirst3inreligiousceremonies,andwonacclaimforhismusicaltalentandvoice.Afterhisfather’s4in1914,Abingalongwithhiscousintookchargeofthetemple(廟)whichsupportedthefamily.However,Abingdidn’thavethe5torunitwell.ThisdroveAbingintopoverty(貧窮).However,badlucknevercame6.Attheageof34,hedevelopedaseriousillnessandbecameblind.Hebecame7andmadealivingasastreetperformer.In1939,hemarriedDongCaidi,acountrywomaninJiangyin.Afterhis8AbingperformedeveryafternooninapublicsquareinWuxi.Hebecamefamousforaddingnewsintohismusicandsongs,9thewarwithJapan.Aftertheperformance,hewouldwalkthroughthecitystreets,playingtheerhu.ThiswasaperiodofmanyworksforAbing,andhismostfamouscomposition,ErquanYingyue,wasperformedinthisperiod.Tilltoday,it10asaclassicofChineseerhuandpipamusic.1.A.important B.moreimportant C.mostimportant D.themostimportant2.A.instruments B.instrument C.tools D.materials3.A.performance B.perform C.performing D.performed4.A.died B.dead C.death D.beingdied5.A.able B.ability C.smooth D.director6.A.along B.lonely C.loneliness D.alone7.A.homeless B.hunger C.electronic D.afraid8.A.marriage B.marry C.married D.gettingmarry9.A.specially B.particular C.especially D.pity10.A.considered B.thought C.istreat D.isregarded【答案】DADCBDAACD【解析】文章大意：這是一篇人物傳記，是對中國民間音樂家阿炳的生平簡介。阿炳一生窮困潦倒，生活凄慘，靠街頭賣藝為生，但從小具有音樂方面的天賦，精通各種樂器，尤其擅長演奏二胡，《二泉映月》成為經(jīng)典之作。1.D句意：阿炳是20世紀(jì)中國最重要的音樂家之一。oneofthe+形容詞的最高級+名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，意思是＂最……的之一＂，此處填形容詞的最高級，故選D。2.A句意：阿炳的父親擅長多種樂器。A.instruments樂器，復(fù)數(shù)形式；B.instrument樂器，單數(shù)形式；C.tools工具；D.materials材料。根據(jù)下文阿炳的父親教給阿炳擊鼓，吹笛子，拉二胡，說明他擅長多種樂器。故選A。3.D句意：阿炳在宗教儀式中首次演出，贏得了贊譽(yù)。此句缺少謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)后面的句子＂andwonacclaimforhismusicaltalentandvoice.＂可判斷時(shí)態(tài)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，故選D。4.C句意：94年在他父親死后，阿炳和他的表弟看管寺廟來維持家計(jì)。名詞所有格后跟名詞，die動(dòng)詞，dead形容詞，death名詞。故選C。5.B句意：然而，阿炳天生運(yùn)動(dòng)能力不強(qiáng)。A.able有能力的，有才干的；B.ability能力，才能；C.smooth光滑的，流暢的；D.director導(dǎo)演，主管。havetheabilitytodosth.有做某事的能力。結(jié)合句意可知選B。6.D句意：然而，真是禍不單行。A.along沿著，順著；B.lonely寂寞的，孤獨(dú)的；C.loneliness孤獨(dú)，寂寞；D.alone獨(dú)自的，單獨(dú)地。副詞修飾動(dòng)詞came，只有D答案有副詞形式，故選D。7.A句意：他成了流浪漢，在街頭靠賣藝謀生。A.homeless無家可歸的；B.hunger饑餓；C.electronic電子的；D.afraid害怕的，擔(dān)心的。故選A。8.A句意：結(jié)婚后，阿炳每天下午在無錫的一個(gè)公共廣場表演。形容詞性物主代詞后跟名詞，marriage名詞，結(jié)婚；marry動(dòng)詞，嫁娶，結(jié)婚。故選A。9.C句意：他因把一些新聞添加到他的音樂和歌曲中，特別是與日本的戰(zhàn)爭的新聞，而變得非常出名。A.specially特別地，專門地；B.particular特別的，詳細(xì)的；C.especially尤其地；D.pity憐憫，同情。結(jié)合句意可知，答案為C。10.D句意：直到今天，它被認(rèn)為是中國二胡和琵琶音樂的經(jīng)典之作。A.considered認(rèn)為；B.thought想，思考；C.istreat語法搭配錯(cuò)誤；D.isregarded被視作，被認(rèn)為。常與as連用，結(jié)合句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知選D。（五）“Withoutmusic,lifewouldbeamistake,”famousGermanphilosopher（哲學(xué)家）FriendrichNietzschesaidoveracenturyago.Musicisabigpartofourlives.Butinrecentyears,someUSschoolshavecutmusicclassestocontrolbudgets（預(yù)算）.Forexample,Chicagopublicschoolshurtartseducationwhenitfiredover1,000teachers.Amongthem,10percentoftheteacherstaughtartormusic,accordingtoTheWashingtonTimes.Infact,thisisnotjustaproblemintheUS.Inothercountries,suchasChinaandtheUK,musicclassesarenotthoughttobeasimportantasoneslikescience,mathandhistory.That’spartlybecausemusicisnotseenasaveryimportantlifeskill,anditisn’ttested.Manystudentsarebusywithschoolwork,soparentsandstudentschoosetofocus（關(guān)注）onsubjectsthataretestedmoreoften.However,learningmusicisusefulinmanyways.Whenplayingmusic,youneeddifferentabilitiestoworktogether.Itisnotassimpleasitlooks,accordingtoKennethGuilmartinofMusicTogether,anearlychildhoodmusicdevelopmentprogram.Forexample,whenplayingthepiano,peopleseemusicnotesanddecode（解碼）themintheirbrains.Theyalsousetheirfingerstomakesounds.Youneedtodealwithallthesethingsatthesametime.Musichasaspecialconnectionwithscienceaswell.Youcanseethatmanyscientistsaregoodatplayingmusic:Einsteinplayedtheviolin,andGermanphysicistMaxPlanckdidwellinplayingthepiano.1．SomeschoolsintheUScutmusicclasses,because______.A．theyweretoodifficulttolearnB．studentsintheUSweren’tinterestedinmusicC．theschoolswantedtocontrolbudgetsD．thereweren’tenoughmusicteachersintheUS2．InParagraph2,whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”referto（指代）?A．Firedteachers.B．Publicschools.C．ParentsinChicago.D．StudentsinChicago.3．What’sthemainideaofParagraph4?A．Playingthepianoneedspeopletoseemusicnotes.B．Playingthepianoneedspeopletousefingerstomakesounds.C．Decodingmusicnotesisneededwhileweareplayingmusic.D．Differentabilitiesareneededtoworktogetherwhileweareplayingmusic.4．Howmanyscientistswhoaregoodatplayingmusicarementionedinthispassage?A．One.B．Two.C．Three.D．Four.5．What’sthewriter’sopinionaccordingtothispassage?A．Musicisassimpleasitlooks.B．Musicclassesshouldbecutinsomeschools.C．Musicisabigpartofourlives.D．Musicisn’taveryimportantlifeskillforus.【答案】CADBC【解析】本文介紹了音樂是我們生活中重要的一部分，音樂課對于孩子來說很重要。因?yàn)樵谀阊葑嘁魳窌r(shí)，你需要不同的能力來合作。1．C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Butinrecentyears,someUSschoolshavecutmusicclassestocontrolbudgets（預(yù)算）.可知有些美國學(xué)校為了控制預(yù)算，削減了音樂課，故選C。2．A詞義猜測題。根據(jù)Forexample,Chicagopublicschoolshurtartseducationwhenitfiredover1,000teachers.Amongthem,10percentoftheteacherstaughtartormusic,accordingtoTheWashingtonTimes.可知此處them代指的是被解雇的老師，故選A。3．D概括歸納題。根據(jù)Whenplayingmusic,youneeddifferentabilitiestoworktogether.可知當(dāng)你演奏音樂時(shí)，你需要不同的能力來合作，故選D。4．B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Youcanseethatmanyscientistsaregoodatplayingmusic:Einsteinplayedtheviolin,andGermanphysicistMaxPlanckdidwellinplayingthepiano.可知文中提到的擅長音樂的科學(xué)家有愛因斯坦和馬克斯·普朗克，故選B。5．C概括歸納題。根據(jù)Musicisabigpartofourlives.可知本文介紹了音樂是我們生活中很重要的一部分，故選C。（六）WeallknowthefolkmusicianAbingandhisfamouserhupieceErquanYingyue.Buthowmuchdoyouknowabouttheerhu?ErhuisatraditionalChineseinstrumentwithalonghistory.Themodernerhudevelopedfromthexiqin,whichwasplayedbymanyethnicminorities(少數(shù)民族)duringtheTangDynasty.IntheSongDynasty,musiciansbegantousetheerhutoperformdifferentkindsofmusic,anditbecamequiteapopularinstrument.Withtheriseofsomeformsoffolkart,theartoftheerhudevelopedquicklyduringtheMingandQingDynasties.Itbecameanimportantaccompanying(伴奏)instrumentindifferentfolkmusic.Atpresent,itisusedinbothtraditionalandmodernmusic,suchasinpop,rockandjazz.Ithasevenbecomeasolo(獨(dú)奏)instrument.Astheerhuwasmainlyplayedbycommonpeopleandtheplayingskillswerepasseddownorally(口頭地),therearefewwrittenrecordsabouttheerhuthatcanbefound.Tostudythehistoryandthedevelopmentoftheerhu,historiansusuallyturntoancientpaintings.TheearliestpicturesofthisinstrumentwerefoundinYulinCavesandEasternThousandBuddhaCavesinGansuProvince,wherefiveerhupictureswerediscoveredonmurals(壁畫).1.Erhubecamepopular________.A.intheTangDynasty B.intheSongDynastyC.intheMingDynasty D.intheQingDynasty2.Paragraph2mainlytalksabout________.A.whentheerhubecameanimportantinstrument B.whoplayedtheerhufirstC.theriseofdifferentfolkarts D.thedevelopmentoftheerhuart3.Theunderlinedword“historian”means“________”.A.apersonwhostudieshistory B.apersonwhostudiesmusicC.apersonwhoplaystheerhu D.apersonwhowritestheerhupieces4.WhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Theerhucan’tbeusedtoplaypopmusic.B.Peoplecanfindalotofwrittenrecordsabouttheerhu.C.TheearliestpictureoftheerhuwasfoundinGansu.D.TheerhuhasbeenasoloinstrumentsincetheQingDynasty.5.Wemayfindthepassageinthe________sectionofthenewspaper.A.travel B.health C.nature D.culture【答案】1.B2.D3.A4.C5.D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了二胡的起源和發(fā)展。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IntheSongDynasty,musiciansbegantousetheerhutoperformdifferentkindsofmusic,anditbecamequiteapopularinstrument”可知，到了宋朝，它成為了一種相當(dāng)流行的樂器，故選B。2.段落大意題。根據(jù)“ErhuisatraditionalChineseinstrumentwithalonghistory.Themodernerhudevelopedfromthexiqin...Atpresent,itisusedinbothtraditionalandmodernmusic....”可知，本段介紹了二胡藝術(shù)的發(fā)展，故選D。3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Tostudythehistoryandthedevelopmentoftheerhu,historiansusuallyturntoancientpaintings”可知，研究二胡的歷史和發(fā)展的應(yīng)是歷史學(xué)家，所以劃線單詞表示“歷史學(xué)家”，即“研究歷史的人”，故選A。4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheearliestpicturesofthisinstrumentwerefoundinYulinCavesandEasternThousandBuddhaCavesinGansuProvince”可知，二胡最早的照片是在甘肅被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選C。5.推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了二胡的起源和發(fā)展，與文化有關(guān)，所以最可能在文化板塊看到這篇文章，故選D。（七）Shadowtheater（皮影戲）,oneoftheoldestperformingartsintheworld,appearedinChinalongbeforetheinventionofmoviesandtelevisions.Thepuppets（木偶）fortheshowarecarved（雕刻）fromtheskinsofcows,horsesorsheep.Makingpuppetsincludesseveralsteps,suchaschoosingmaterials,carving,painting,sewingandinking.Performersusethesepuppetstotelldifferentstories.Inthepast,theshadowtheaterwasperformedinthefields,withallperformershiddenbehindthescenes.Somecontrolledthepuppetsandsang,whileothersmanagedthemusic.Ateamwasmadeupofsixorsevenpeopleandaboxofpuppets.Whenputtingonaplayatamarketorsquare,performerswouldstarttheshowafterfixinglightboxesandcurtains（窗簾）.Shadowtheaterteamsoftenperformedupto30or40timesaday,evenintothenightattimes,andwhenthecurtainfell,theperformerspackedupandmovedon.Shadowtheaterisseentheoldestactivefilmartintheworld.Somepeoplecallshadowtheater“theancestorofthemodernartofmakingfilms”.Andamongallthecountry’sbranches（分支）,Beijingshadowtheaterstandsoutforitsskills.Beijingshadowtheaterwasdividedintotwoschools:eastandwest.Theeastern-schooldisappearedveryearly,whilethewestern-schoolappearedduringtheMingDynasty.In1842,LuDechengpasseddownthisartandsetupBeijingXiangshunShadowTheater.Sincethen,theartofBeijingwestern-schoolshadowtheaterhasbeenpasseddowngenerationsoftheLufamily.ShadowtheaterisapopularformofdramainChina.IthasinterestedtheChineseforcenturies,bringingjoytothemandraisingtheirhopes.1.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTthesteptocreatepuppets?A.Heating. B.Painting. C.Inking. D.Sewing.2.WhatcanbeinferredabouttheperformanceofshadowtheaterfromParagraph2?A.Itwentonwithoutmusicatfirst. B.Itcouldbemovedfromplacetoplace.C.Itneededtheteamworkof30-40people. D.Itcouldonlybeperformedduringtheday.3.InParagraph4,theunderlinedwords“thisart”referto________.A.Beijingshadowtheater B.BeijingXiangshunShadowTheaterC.Beijingwestern-schoolshadowtheater D.Beijingeastern-schoolshadowtheater4.Thispassageismainlyaboutthe________ofshadowtheater.A.history B.achievement C.introduction D.popularity【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了皮影戲。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Makingpuppetsincludesseveralsteps,suchaschoosingmaterials,carving,painting,sewingandinking.”可知，制作木偶包括選擇材料，雕刻，繪畫，縫制和上墨等幾個(gè)步驟，不包括加熱。故選A。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Shadowtheatreteamsoftenperformedupto30or40timesaday,evenintothenightattimes,andwhenthecurtainfell,theperformerspackedupandmovedon.”可知，皮影戲可以從一個(gè)地方搬到另一個(gè)地方。故選B。3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Theeastern-schooldisappearedveryearly,whilethewestern-schoolappearedduringtheMingDynasty.In112,LuDechengpasseddownthisartandsetupBeijingXiangshunShadowTheater.”可知，陸德成傳承了西部皮影戲，因此thisart指的是北京西部皮影戲。故選C。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Shadowtheatre（皮影戲）,oneoftheoldestperformingartsintheworld,appearedinChinalongbeforetheinventionofmoviesandtelevisions.”及全文可知，本文主要是對皮影戲的介紹。故選C。ThisisanordinarydayforYangJinlong.（八）Countrymusicisablend(融合)oftraditionalandpopularmusicalforms.Therearemanybranchesofcountrym