...wd......wd......wd...2018年高考英語(yǔ)試題(北京卷)

一、單項(xiàng)填空21.—Hi,I'mPeter.Areyounewhere?Ihaven'tseenyouaround?—Hello,Peter.I'mBob.Ijust_________onMonday.

A.start

B.havestarted

C.started

D.hadstarted

22._________wedon'tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

A.AlthoughB.WhileC.IfD.Until

23._________alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.

A.Travel

B.Traveling

C.Havingtraveled

D.Traveled

24.Susanhadquitherwell-paidjoband_________asavolunteerintheneighborhoodwhenIvisitedherlastyear.

A.isworking

B.wasworking

C.hasworked

D.hadworked

25.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.

A.which

B.who

Cas

D.that

26.DuringtheMid-AutumnFestival,familymembersoftengathertogether_________ameal,admirethemoonandenjoymooncakes.

A.share

B.toshare

C.havingshared

D.shared

27.China'shigh-speedrailways__from9,000to25,000kilometersinthepastfewyears.

A.aregrowing

B.havegrown

C.willgrow

D.hadgrown

28.Inanyunsafesituation,simply_________thebuttonandahighly-trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.

A.press B.topressC.pressingD.pressed

29.Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswho_________inthemountainsfortwodays.

A.aretrapping

B.havebeentrapped

C.weretrapping

D.hadbeentrapped

30.Ordinarysoap,_________correctly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.

A.used

B.touse

C.using

D.use

31.Withouthissupport,wewouldn'tbe_________wearenow.

A.how

B.when

C.where

D.why

32.Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdata_________causeseriousproblemsforacompany.

A.needB.shouldC.canD.must

33.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________afewmorekilometers.

A.drove

B.woulddrive

C.weretodrive

D.haddriven

34.—Goodmorning,Mr.Lee'soffice.—Goodmorning.I'dliketomakeanappointment_________nextWednesdayafternoon.

A.for

B.on

C.in

D.at

35.Thisis_________myfatherhastaughtme—toalwaysfacedifficultiesandhopeforthebest.

A.how

B.which

C.that

D.what二、完形填空TheHomelessHeroFormany,findinganunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incashwouldbeasource〔來(lái)源〕oftemptation〔誘惑〕.Butthe

36

wouldnodoubtbegreaterifyouwerelivingonthestreetswithlittlefoodandmoney.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmith

37moreremarkable.

Afterspottinga

38onthefrontseatinsideaparkedcarwithitswindowdown,hestoodguardintherainforabouttwohourswaitingforthe

39

toreturn.

Afterhoursinthecoldandwet,he

40insideandpulledthewalletouthopingtofindsomeIDsohecouldcontact〔聯(lián)系〕thedriver,onlyto

41

itcontained￡400innotes,withanother￡50insparechangebesideit.

Hethentookthewallettoanearbypolicestationafter

42anotebehindtolettheownerknowitwassafe.Whenthecar'sownerJohnAndersonandhiscolleagueCarolLawrencereturnedtothecar—whichwasitselfworth￡35,000—inGlasgowcitycentre,theywere

43

tofindtwopolicemenstandingnexttoit.ThepolicementoldthemwhatMr.Smithdidandthatthewalletwas

44

.

ThepairwerelaterabletothankMr.Smithforhis

45

.

Mr.Andersonsaid：＂Icouldn'tbelievethattheguynevertookapenny.Tothinkheissleepingonthestreetstonight

46hecouldhavestolenthemoneyandpaidforaplacetostayin.Thisguyhasnothingand

47

hedidn'ttakethewalletforhimself；hethoughtaboutothers

48.It'sunbelievable.Itjustprovesthereare

49guysoutthere.＂

Mr.Smith'sact

50muchofthepublic'sattention.HealsowonpraisefromsocialmediausersafterMr.Anderson

51abouttheactofkindnessonFacebook.

NowMr.Andersonhassetupanonlinecampaignto52

moneyforMr.Smithandotherhomelesspeopleinthearea,whichbyyesterdayhadreceived￡8,000.＂Ithinkthefaiththateveryonehasshown

53

himhastouchedhim.Peoplehavebeenapproachinghiminthestreet;he'shadjob

54andallsorts,＂Mr.Andersoncommented.

ForMr.Smith,thisisapossiblelife-changing

55.Thestoryonceagaintellsusthatonegoodturndeservesanother.

36.A.hope

B.aim

C.urgeD.effort

37.A.still

B.even

C.ever

D.once

38.A.wallet

B.bag

C.box

D.parcel

39.A.partner

B.colleague

C.owner

D.policeman

40.A.turned

B.hid

C.stepped

D.reached

41.A.discover

B.collect

C.check

D.believe

42.A.taking

B.leaving

C.reading

D.writing

43.A.satisfied

B.excited

C.amused

D.shocked

44.A.safe

B.missing

C.found

D.seen

45.A.service

B.support

C.kindness

D.encouragement

46.A.when

B.if

C.where

D.because

47.A.rather

B.yetC.already

D.just

48.A.tooB.though

C.again

D.instead

49.A.honest

B.polite

C.rich

D.generous

50.A.gave

B.paid

C.cast

D.drew

51.A.learned

B.posted

C.cared

D.heard

52.A.borrow

B.raise

C.save

D.earn

53.A.of

B.at

C.for

D.in

54.A.details

B.changes

C.offers

D.applications

55.A.lesson

B.adventure

C.chance

D.challenge

三、閱讀理解

AMyFirstMarathon〔馬拉松〕

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunningfortwoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredustorunlapsandthenhitasoftball.Ididn'tdoeitherwell.HelaterinformedmethatIwas＂notathletic＂.

TheideathatIwas＂notathletic＂stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotIwasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn'tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces(鞋帶)becameuntied.SoIstoppedtoreadjust.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:＂GOFORIT,RUNNERS!＂

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenevermindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標(biāo)簽),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂.

〔56〕Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor____________.

A.waswelltrained

B.feltscared

C.madeuphismindtorun

D.losthope

〔57〕WhydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?

A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.Toshareapreciousmemory.

〔58〕Howwastheauthor'sfirstmarathon?

A.Hemadeit.

B.Hequithalfway.

C.Hegotthefirstprize.

D.Hewalkedtotheend.

〔59〕Whatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.BFindYourAdventureattheSpaceandAviation(航空)Center

Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe.TheCenteroffersprogramsdesignedtochallengeandinspirewithhands-ontasksandlotsoffun.

Morethan750,000havegraduatedfromSAC,withmanyseekingemploymentinengineering,aviation,education,medicineandawidevarietyofotherprofessions.Theycometocamp,wantingtoknowwhatitisliketobeanastronautorapilot,andtheyleavewithreal-worldapplicationsforwhatthey'restudyingintheclassroom.

Forthetrainees,theprogramsalsoofferagreatwaytoearnmeritbadges(榮譽(yù)徽章).AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets,learnaboutspacetasksandtrysimulated(模擬)flyingtospacewiththecrewfromallovertheworld.TheAviationChallengeprogramgivestraineesthechancetoearntheirAviationbadge.Theylearntheprinciplesofflightandtesttheiroperatingskillsinthecockpit(駕駛艙)ofavarietyofflightsimulators.TraineesalsogetagoodstartontheirWildernessSurvivalbadgeastheylearnaboutwater-andland-survivalthroughdesignedtasksandtheirsearchandrescueof＂downed＂pilot.

Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask.

Allthisfunisavailableforages9to18.Familiescanenjoytheexperiencetogether,too,withFamilyCampprogramsforfamilieswithchildrenasyoungas7.

Stayanhourorstayaweek—thereissomethinghereforeveryone!

Formoredetails,pleasevisitusonlineatoursac.

〔60〕WhydopeoplecometoSAC?

A.Toexperienceadventures.

B.Tolookforjobsinaviation.

C.Togetadegreeinengineering.

D.Tolearnmoreaboutmedicine.

〔61〕ToearnaSpaceExplorationbadge,atraineeneedsto

.

A.flytospace

B.getanAviationbadgefirst

C.studytheprinciplesofflight

D.buildandfiremodelrockets

〔62〕Whatisthemostimportantfortrainees?

A.Leadership.

B.Teamspirit.

C.Taskplanning.

D.Survivalskills.CPlastic-EatingWorms

Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.Almosthalfofthatwindsupinlandfills(垃圾填埋場(chǎng)),andupto12milliontonspollutetheoceans.Sofarthereisnoeffectivewaytogetridofit,butanewstudysuggestsananswermaylieinthestomachsofsomehungryworms.

ResearchersinSpainandEnglandrecentlyfoundthatthewormsofthegreaterwaxmothcanbreakdownpolyethylene,whichaccountsfor40%ofplastics.Theteamleft100waxwormsonacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor12hours,andthewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams,oralmost3%ofit.Toconfirmthattheworms'chewingalonewasnotresponsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown,theresearchersmadesomewormsintopaste(糊狀物)andappliedittoplasticfilms.14hourslaterthefilmshadlost13%oftheirmass—apparentlybrokendownbyenzymes(酶)fromtheworms'stomachs.TheirfindingswerepublishedinCurrentBiologyin2017.

FedericaBertocchini,co-authorofthestudy,saystheworms'abilitytobreakdowntheireverydayfood—beeswax—alsoallowsthemtobreakdownplastic.＂Waxisacomplexmixture,butthebasicbondinpolyethylene,thecarbon-carbonbond,isthereaswell,＂sheexplains,＂Thewaxwormevolvedamethodorsystemtobreakthisbond.＂

JenniferDeBruyn,amicrobiologistattheUniversityofTennessee,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysitisnotsurprisingthatsuchwormscanbreakdownpolyethylene.Butcomparedwithpreviousstudies,shefindsthespeedofbreakingdowninthisoneexciting.Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willbetoidentifythecauseofthebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgutmicrobes(腸道微生物)?

Bertocchiniagreesandhopesherteam'sfindingsmightonedayhelpemploytheenzymetobreakdownplasticsinlandfills.Butsheexpectsusingthechemicalinsomekindofindustrialprocess—notsimply＂millionsofwormsthrownontopoftheplastic.＂

〔63〕Whatcanwelearnaboutthewormsinthestudy?

A.Theytakeplasticsastheireverydayfood.

B.Theyarenewlyevolvedcreatures.

C.Theycanconsumeplastics.

D.Theywindupinlandfills.

〔64〕AccordingtoJenniferDeBruyn,thenextstepofthestudyisto

.

A.identifyothermeansofthebreakdown

B.findoutthesourceoftheenzyme

C.confirmtheresearchfindings

D.increasethebreakdownspeed

〔65〕Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatthechemicalmight

.

A.helptoraiseworms

B.helpmakeplasticbags

C.beusedtocleantheoceans

D.beproducedinfactoriesinfuture

〔66〕Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainastudymethodonworms.

B.Tointroducethedietofaspecialworm.C.Topresentawaytobreakdownplastics.

D.Toproposenewmeanstokeepeco-balance.DPreparingCitiesforRobotCarsThepossibilityofself-drivingrobotcarshasoftenseemedlikeafuturist'sdream,yearsawayfrommaterializingintherealworld.Well,thefutureisapparentlynow.TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforcompaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.Thestatealsoclearedthewayforcompaniestosellorrentoutself-drivingcars,andforcompaniestooperatedriverlesstaxiservices.California,itshouldbenoted,isn'tleadingthewayhere.Companieshavebeentestingtheirvehiclesincitiesacrossthecountry.It'shardtopredictwhendriverlesscarswillbeeverywhereonourroads.Buthoweverlongittakes,thetechnologyhasthepotentialtochangeourtransportationsystemsandourcities,forbetterorforworse,dependingonhowthetransformationisregulated.

Whilemuchofthedebatesofarhasbeenfocusedonthesafetyofdriverlesscars(andrightfullyso),policymakersalsoshouldbetalkingabouthowself-drivingvehiclescanhelpreducetrafficjams,cutemissions(排放)andoffermoreconvenient,affordablemobilityoptions.Thearrivalofdriverlessvehiclesisachancetomakesurethatthosevehiclesareenvironmentallyfriendlyandmoreshared.

Dowewanttocopy—orevenworsen—thetrafficoftodaywithdriverlesscars?Imagineafuturewheremostadultsownindividualself-drivingvehicles.Theytoleratelong,slowjourneystoandfromworkonpackedhighwaysbecausetheycanwork,entertainthemselvesorsleepontheride,whichencouragesurbanspread.Theytaketheirdriverlesscartoanappointmentandsettheemptyvehicletocirclethebuildingtoavoidpayingforparking.Insteadofwalkingafewblockstopickupachildorthedrycleaning,theysendtheself-drivingminibus.Theconvenienceevenleadsfewerpeopletotakepublictransport—anunwelcomesideeffectresearchershavealreadyfoundinride-hailing(叫車(chē))services.

AstudyfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatDavissuggestedthatreplacingpetrol-poweredprivatecarsworldwidewithelectric,self-drivingandsharedsystemscouldreducecarbonemissionsfromtransportation80%andcutthecostoftransportationinfrastructure(根基設(shè)施)andoperations40%by2050.Feweremissionsandcheapertravelsoundprettyappealing.Thefirstcommerciallyavailabledriverlesscarswillalmostcertainlybefieldedbyride-hailingservices,consideringthecostofself-drivingtechnologyaswellasliabilityandmaintenanceissues(責(zé)任與維護(hù)問(wèn)題).Butdriverlesscarownershipcouldincreaseasthepricesdropandmorepeoplebecomecomfortablewiththetechnology.

Policymakersshouldstartthinkingnowabouthowtomakesuretheappearanceofdriverlessvehiclesdoesn'textendtheworstaspectsofthecar-controlledtransportationsystemwehavetoday.Thecomingtechnologicaladvancementpresentsachanceforcitiesandstatestodeveloptransportationsystemsdesignedtomovemorepeople,andmoreaffordably.Thecarofthefutureiscoming.Wejusthavetoplanforit.

〔67〕Accordingtotheauthor,attentionshouldbepaidtohowdriverlesscarscan__________.

A.helpdealwithtransportation-relatedproblems

B.providebetterservicestocustomers

C.causedamagetoourenvironment

D.makesomepeoplelosejobs

〔68〕Asfordriverlesscars,whatistheauthor'smajorconcern?

A.Safety.

B.Sideeffects.

C.Affordability.

D.Management.

〔69〕Whatdoestheunderlinedword＂fielded＂inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Employed.

B.Replaced.

C.Shared.

D.Reduced.

〔70〕Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothefutureofself-drivingcars?

A.Doubtful.

B.Positive.

C.Disapproving.

D.Sympathetic.

四、任務(wù)型閱讀WhyDoWeGetAngry?

Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering〔觸發(fā)〕events,personalitytraits〔特征〕,andourassessmentofsituations.___71_____

Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.____72____Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone'spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.

Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.___73_____Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.

____74____Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消極的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.

____75____However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.

A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.

B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.

C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.

D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.

E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.

F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.

G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.

五、書(shū)面表達(dá)(一)假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，你的英國(guó)朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對(duì)中國(guó)文化感興趣，方案明年來(lái)北京上大學(xué)。他向你咨詢相關(guān)信息。請(qǐng)給他回郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1〕表示歡迎；

2〕推薦他上哪所大學(xué)；

3〕建議他做哪些準(zhǔn)備工作。

注意：1〕詞數(shù)不少于50；

2〕開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。

DearJim,

________

Yours,

LiHua

〔二〕假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下四幅圖的先后順序，寫(xiě)一篇英文周記，記述你們上周接待外國(guó)學(xué)生，帶著他們體驗(yàn)中國(guó)茶文化的全過(guò)程。

注意：詞數(shù)不少于60。

答案及解析一、單項(xiàng)填空

21.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：——嗨，我是皮特。你是新來(lái)的嗎我之前沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)你?！?，皮特。我是鮑勃。我周一剛來(lái)。通過(guò)理解句意，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)onMonday是一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間，所以此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故答案為C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，理解語(yǔ)境，弄清時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)即可確定答案。

22.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：如果我們不阻止氣候變化，世界上的許多動(dòng)植物會(huì)消失。although雖然；while雖然；然而；if如果；until直到。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示假設(shè)，所以用if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，故答案為C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞辨析。通讀句子，弄清前后句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，將連詞代入句中，符合邏輯的即為正確答案。

23.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：沿著古絲綢之路旅行是一個(gè)有趣且很值得的經(jīng)歷。此處是句子的主語(yǔ)，所以動(dòng)動(dòng)名詞travelling。動(dòng)詞原形、過(guò)去式和分詞都不能作主語(yǔ)，故答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，注意能在句中作主語(yǔ)的只有動(dòng)名詞或不定式，動(dòng)詞的其他形式不能充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。

24.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：Susan已經(jīng)辭去那份報(bào)酬豐厚的工作，去年我去看她的時(shí)候她正在社區(qū)當(dāng)志愿者。句中的whenIvisitedherlastyear確定了過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)，所以此處表示當(dāng)時(shí)動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)展，所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)展時(shí)。故答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，注意尋找時(shí)間線索，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境中的暗示確定答案。

25.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：她和家人騎車(chē)去上班，這幫助他們保持安康。這是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，空格處指代前面整個(gè)句子，所以用which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，而且which在從句中作主語(yǔ)。who指人；that不引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；as通常翻譯成“正如；就像〞，所以此處可以排除，故答案為A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞，掌握定語(yǔ)從句的根本定義和關(guān)系詞的根本用法即可判斷正確答案。

26.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：在中秋節(jié)期間，家庭成員經(jīng)常聚在一起共享大餐、賞月、吃月餅。此處表示目的，所以用動(dòng)詞不定式，故答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察動(dòng)詞不定式在句中表示目的的用法。

27.【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意：中國(guó)的高鐵在過(guò)去的今年中從9000千米增加到25000千米。inthepast/last+時(shí)間，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，故答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，牢記現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞：since；for+時(shí)間段；already；ever；never；sofar；inthepast/last+時(shí)間。

28.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：在任何不安全的環(huán)境中，只按一下按鈕，一個(gè)訓(xùn)練有素的工作人員就會(huì)帶給你所需要的幫助。句型：祈使句+and/or+表將來(lái)的陳述句。所以此處是祈使句局部，所以用動(dòng)詞原形，故答案為A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察并列句的固定句型，牢記根本構(gòu)造即可。

29.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：一個(gè)救援者冒著生命不安全拯救了兩個(gè)在山里被困了兩天的游客。通過(guò)risked確定本句是過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)；for+時(shí)間段是完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，所以此處用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；而trap是及物動(dòng)詞，意思是“使受限制；困住〞，此處應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)構(gòu)造，故答案為D。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意通過(guò)時(shí)態(tài)的前后一致確定大致的時(shí)態(tài)，然后根據(jù)相關(guān)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)境判斷具體的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。

30.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：普通肥皂，正確使用的話，可以有效地殺滅細(xì)菌。此處是句子的狀語(yǔ)，所以用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)是soap，soap與use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故答案為A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察分詞作狀語(yǔ)的用法。分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)其邏輯主語(yǔ)是句子的主語(yǔ)，根據(jù)動(dòng)詞與邏輯主語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系判斷其形式。

31.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：沒(méi)有他的支持，我們不能到達(dá)現(xiàn)在的地步。此處是表語(yǔ)從句，how假設(shè)何；假設(shè)何；when何時(shí)；where……的地方；何地；why為什么；根據(jù)句意可知指現(xiàn)在的處境，故答案為C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞，理解句意，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷，注意句子的邏輯。

32.【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意：在當(dāng)今的信息時(shí)代，數(shù)據(jù)的喪失對(duì)于一家公司來(lái)說(shuō)有時(shí)候會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。need需要；should應(yīng)該；can可能；能夠；must必須；一定。本句是對(duì)現(xiàn)在情況進(jìn)展可能的推測(cè)，can用于肯定句中表示：“有時(shí)候會(huì)〞；而must意思是“一定會(huì)〞，根據(jù)常識(shí)可知喪失數(shù)據(jù)可能會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，也可能不會(huì)造成嚴(yán)重問(wèn)題，所以用can在邏輯上更嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，故答案為C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)的用法。can用于肯定句表示“有時(shí)候會(huì)〞這一用法比照生僻，需要特別注意。

33.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：要是他們開(kāi)車(chē)多走幾公里的話，他們也許會(huì)找到一家更好的旅館。本句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)，主句用“mighthave+過(guò)去分詞〞，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，故答案為D。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察虛擬語(yǔ)氣在if條件句中的用法，牢記if條件句中虛擬語(yǔ)氣的根本格式即可做出判斷。

34.【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意：早上好，這是李先生的辦公室。早上好，我想約下周三下午。短語(yǔ)：makeanappointmentfor為……預(yù)約。故答案為A。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察介詞辨析，熟記固定搭配。

35.【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意：這是我爸爸所教給我的——要直面困難心懷希望。這是表語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)teachsbsth可知從句中缺少直接賓語(yǔ)，所以用what引導(dǎo)。how假設(shè)何；which哪一個(gè)；that無(wú)意義也補(bǔ)充當(dāng)從句的成分，故答案為D。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考察表語(yǔ)從句中的引導(dǎo)詞的用法，掌握名詞性從句連詞的根本使用規(guī)則：連接詞that不作成分；連接代詞如what在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)；連接副詞像when、where、how在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。

二、完形填空〔36〕C；〔37〕B；〔38〕A；〔39〕C；〔40〕D；〔41〕A；〔42〕B；〔43〕D；〔44〕A；〔45〕C；〔46〕A；〔47〕B；〔48〕D；〔49〕A；〔50〕D；〔51〕B；〔52〕B；〔53〕D；〔54〕C；〔55〕C；

【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，講述了流浪漢拾金不昧的故事。某雨天，流浪漢看到一輛未關(guān)車(chē)窗的車(chē)內(nèi)放有人民幣包，怕人民幣包被盜，在雨中等待車(chē)主兩小時(shí)。苦等無(wú)果，便拿著人民幣包去警局尋失主。車(chē)主獲知事件經(jīng)過(guò)，將經(jīng)歷分享到臉譜網(wǎng)上，為該地區(qū)流浪漢籌人民幣，最后流浪漢得到了許多工作時(shí)機(jī)。

(36)

C句意：對(duì)很多人而言，找到一個(gè)裝滿400英鎊現(xiàn)金且無(wú)人看管的人民幣包都會(huì)是種誘惑。而這種欲望對(duì)于無(wú)家可歸、既沒(méi)食物又沒(méi)人民幣的人而言，無(wú)疑會(huì)更加強(qiáng)烈。A、hope希望；B、aim目標(biāo)；C、urge強(qiáng)烈的欲望；D、effort努力。有空格前的the可知此處前文提到的temptation〔誘惑〕，所以此處選擇其近義詞urge〔強(qiáng)烈的欲望〕，故答案為C。

(37)

B句意：這一切使得無(wú)家可歸的TomSmith的舉動(dòng)更為不同尋常，引人注目。A、still仍然；

B、even甚至；C、ever曾經(jīng)；D、once曾經(jīng)；此處修飾比照級(jí)，表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，故答案為B。

(38)

A句意：在發(fā)現(xiàn)了在一個(gè)沒(méi)有關(guān)窗子的停著的汽車(chē)的前排座位上的人民幣包后，他站在雨中差不多兩個(gè)小時(shí)守護(hù)著人民幣包等著主人歸來(lái)。A、wallet人民幣包；B、bag包；C、box盒子；D、parcel包裹。根據(jù)第一句提到的anunattendedwalletfilledwith￡400incash可知是人民幣包，故答案為A。

(39)

C句意：他站在雨中差不多兩個(gè)小時(shí)守護(hù)著人民幣包等著主人歸來(lái)。A、partner伙伴；B、colleague同事；C、owner主人；D、policeman警察；守護(hù)著人民幣包，當(dāng)然是等它的“owner〞，故答案為C。

〔40)

D句意：在寒冷的雨中幾個(gè)小時(shí)后，他把手伸進(jìn)車(chē)?yán)锬贸鋈嗣駧虐?，希望能找到身份證，這樣他就可以聯(lián)系司機(jī)了。A、turned轉(zhuǎn)身；B、hid躲藏；C、stepped邁步；D、reached伸手。人民幣包在車(chē)的前排座位上，想要拿到當(dāng)然需要“伸手〞，故答案為D。

(41)

A句意：卻發(fā)現(xiàn)里面有400英鎊的鈔票，旁邊還有50英鎊的零人民幣。A、discover發(fā)現(xiàn)；B、collect收集；C、check檢查；核對(duì)；D、believe相信。翻開(kāi)人民幣包，“發(fā)現(xiàn)〞里面有人民幣，故答案為A。

(42)

B句意：然后，他在留下一張便條告訴車(chē)主人民幣包安全，便帶著人民幣包去了附近的警察局。A、taking帶走；B、leaving留下；C、reading讀；D、writing寫(xiě)。短語(yǔ)：leaveanote/message留便條，故答案為B。

(43)

D句意：當(dāng)車(chē)主和同事回到位于格拉斯哥市中心價(jià)值35000英鎊的汽車(chē)停放的位置時(shí)，他們驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)有兩個(gè)警察站在車(chē)的旁邊。A、satisfied滿意的；B、excited興奮的；C、amused好笑的；D、shocked震驚的。沒(méi)有違法卻招來(lái)了警察，所以感到“震驚〞，故答案為D。

(44)

A句意：警察告訴他們史密斯先生的所作所為，還有他的人民幣包是安全的。A、safe安全的；B、missing喪失的；C、found被發(fā)現(xiàn)的；D、seen被看見(jiàn)的。故答案為A。

(45)C句意：后來(lái)這兩個(gè)人能夠感謝史密斯先生的善意之舉。A、service服務(wù)；B、support支持；C、kindness善行；D、encouragement鼓勵(lì)；此處指前面提到幫助保護(hù)人民幣包的行為，故答案為C。

(46)A句意：既然到他本可以偷了人民幣并且花人民幣讓自己找一個(gè)地方住一晚，但是他今晚還是住在大街上。A、when考慮到；既然；B、if

如果；C、where哪里；D、because因?yàn)?；此處是?duì)史密斯拾金不昧的行為的評(píng)價(jià)，根據(jù)句意，故答案為A。

(47)B句意：這個(gè)男的身無(wú)分文，然而他還是沒(méi)有自己拿走人民幣包。A、rather相當(dāng)；B、yet然而；C、already已經(jīng)；D、just只是；表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故答案為B。

(48)D句意：他〔沒(méi)有自己拿走人民幣包〕而是想到了別人。A、too也；B、though不過(guò)；然而；C、again又；D、instead代替；而不是。根據(jù)句意，故答案為D。

(49)A句意：這是難以置信的，只是證明了有老實(shí)的人。A、honest老實(shí)的；B、polite有禮貌的；C、rich富有的；D、generous大方的。這是對(duì)史密斯先生的行為的總結(jié)，故答案為A。

(50)D句意：史密斯先生的行為吸引了公眾大量關(guān)注。A、gave給；B、paid支付；C、cast投擲；D、drew吸引。短語(yǔ)：drawone'sattention吸引人的注意，故答案為D。

(51)B句意：在安德森先生把這一善意之舉發(fā)布在臉譜網(wǎng)上之后，他也贏得了社交媒體用戶的贊譽(yù)。A、learned了解到；B、posted張貼；C、cared關(guān)心；D、heard聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。此處指在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布帖子，故答案為B。

(52)B句意：現(xiàn)在安德森先生在網(wǎng)上發(fā)起了一個(gè)活動(dòng)，為史密斯先生和這一地區(qū)其他無(wú)家可歸的人募捐。A、borrow借；B、raise募集；C、save節(jié)??；D、earn掙；賺。根據(jù)下文可知是“募捐〞，故答案為B。

(53)D句意：我想每個(gè)人對(duì)他表現(xiàn)出的信任已經(jīng)感動(dòng)了他。show/havefaithin對(duì)……信任；故答案為D。

(54)C句意：在街上人們主動(dòng)接近他，給他提供工作等各種幫助。A、details細(xì)節(jié)；B、changes變化；C、offers提供；D、applications申請(qǐng)；根據(jù)上文提到的人們的募捐，所以此處指人們“主動(dòng)提供幫助〞，故答案為C。

(55)C句意：對(duì)于史密斯先生而言，這是一個(gè)改變?nèi)松臅r(shí)機(jī)。A、lesson教訓(xùn)；B、adventure探險(xiǎn)；C、chance時(shí)機(jī)；D、challenge挑戰(zhàn)。根據(jù)句意，故答案為C。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】這是一篇記敘文，考察詞匯在篇章中的運(yùn)用能力，答題時(shí)首先要讀懂全文，弄清文章要表達(dá)的思想，注意文中前后段落之間的關(guān)系。答題中，一定要認(rèn)真分析，注意選項(xiàng)與上下文的關(guān)系，與前后單詞的關(guān)系。對(duì)于一時(shí)沒(méi)有太大的把握的題可以放到最后再來(lái)完成，因?yàn)橛袝r(shí)答案可以從下文內(nèi)容表達(dá)出來(lái)。答完后再通讀一篇文章，看看所選選項(xiàng)能不能是語(yǔ)句通順，語(yǔ)意連貫。

三、閱讀理解A〔56〕C

〔57〕C

〔58〕A

〔59〕B

【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，作者在參加馬拉松前一個(gè)月受了傷，訓(xùn)練時(shí)間缺乏，且在初一時(shí)就被體育教師說(shuō)沒(méi)有運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦，但是30多歲的他依然堅(jiān)持跑完馬拉松，突破自我，挑戰(zhàn)不可能。

56細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)題干中的amonthbeforethemarathon可知答案在第一段，由最后一句Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead可知作者決定參加比賽，故答案為C。

57細(xì)節(jié)理解。將題干中的P.E.classinhis7thyear定位在第二段，作者自己在7年紀(jì)的時(shí)候做得不是很好，后來(lái)被教師認(rèn)為不是一個(gè)擅長(zhǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人，并且第三段提到教師的notathletic一直影響著他，故答案為C。

58細(xì)節(jié)理解。從文章倒數(shù)第二段Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal可知作者堅(jiān)持到最后，終于做到了，故答案為A。

59主旨大意。這是一篇記敘文，在最后一段點(diǎn)題：Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels(世俗標(biāo)簽),Icannowcallmyselfa＂marathonwinner＂可知，作者是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)決，通過(guò)不懈努力，最終獲得了成功的勝利者，故答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本文屬于勵(lì)志的故事類閱讀，閱讀時(shí)要通讀文章，弄清文章的主旨大意。答題時(shí)注意問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中的準(zhǔn)確定位，根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位并查找信息，切忌憑感覺(jué)做題。

60A

61D

62B

【解析】【分析】這是一篇廣告，介紹一個(gè)尋求冒險(xiǎn)的樂(lè)園——SpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)。

60細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一句Ifyou'relookingforauniqueadventure,theSpaceandAviationCenter(SAC)istheplacetobe可在SAC的目的是為了體驗(yàn)冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷，故答案為A。

61細(xì)節(jié)理解。題干中的SpaceExplorationbadge和trainee定位在第三段第二句AtSpaceCamp,traineescanearntheirSpaceExplorationbadgeastheybuildandfiremodelrockets，故答案為D。

62細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段Withalltheprograms,teamworkiskeyastraineeslearntheimportanceofleadershipandbeingpartofabiggertask可知，對(duì)于受訓(xùn)者來(lái)說(shuō)，團(tuán)隊(duì)精神與協(xié)作是最為重要的，故答案為B。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本文屬于應(yīng)用文閱讀，此類文章重在考察對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)信息的查找和分析，答題時(shí)注意根據(jù)問(wèn)題中的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中定位，然后分析關(guān)鍵詞所在句子的信息，與選項(xiàng)進(jìn)展比對(duì)，答案就顯而易見(jiàn)了。

63C

64B

65D

66C

【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹吃塑料的蟲(chóng)子的工作原理及應(yīng)用設(shè)想。

63細(xì)節(jié)理解。將題干中的wormsinthestudy定位在第二段第二句，thewormsconsumedandbrokedownabout92milligrams可知這些蟲(chóng)子吃塑料，故答案為C。

64細(xì)節(jié)理解。將題干中的關(guān)鍵詞JenniferDeBruyn定位在第四段，找到thenextstep出現(xiàn)在倒數(shù)第二句Thenextstep,DeBruynsays,willb