2021成都高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解、完形填空三月課外小練（4）答案閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Mostmornings,thelinebeginstoformatdawn:scoresofsilentwomenwithbabiesontheirbacks,bucketsbalancedontheirheads,andineachhandabright-blueplasticjug.Ongooddays,theywillwaitlessthananhourbeforeawatertankergoesacrossthedirtpaththatservesasaroadinKesumPurbahari,aslumonthesouthernedgeofNewDelhi.Onbaddays,whenthereisnoelectricityforthepumps,thetankersdon’tcomeatall.“Thatwaterkillspeople,”ayoungmothernamedShobasaidonerecentSaturdaymorning,pointingtoarowofpailsfilledwiththick,caramel(焦糖)-coloredliquid.“Whoeverdrinksitwilldie.”Thewaterwasfromapipesharedbythousandsofpeopleinthepoorneighborhood.Womenoftenuseittowashclothesandbathetheirchildren,butnobodyisdesperateenoughtodrinkit.Thereisnostandardforhowmuchwaterapersonneedseachday,butexpertsusuallyputtheminimumatfiftylitres.ThegovernmentofIndiapromises(butrarelyprovides)forty.Mostpeopledrinktwoorthreelitres—lessthanittakestowashatoilet.Therestistypicallyusedforcookingandbathing.Americansconsumebetweenfourhundredandsixhundredlitresofwatereachday,morethananyotherpeopleonearth.MostEuropeansuselessthanhalfthat.ThewomenofKesumPurbaharieachhopedtodragawayahundredlitresthatday—twoorthreebuckets’worth.Shobahasahusbandandfivechildren,andthatmuchwaterdoesn’tgofarinafamilyofseven,particularlywhenthetemperaturereachesahundredandtendegreesbeforenoon.Sheoftenmakesupthedifferencewithbottledwater,whichcostsmorethanwaterdeliveredanyotherway.Sometimesshejustbuysmilk;it’scheaper.Likethepoorestpeopleeverywhere,thepeopleofNewDelhi’sslumsspendafargreaterpercentageoftheirincomesonwaterthananyoneluckyenoughtoliveinahouseconnectedtoasystemofpipes.1Theunderlinedword“slum”mostlikelymeans______.A.avillageB.asmalltownC.anareaofatownwithbadly-built,over-crowdedbuildingsD.thepartofatownthatlackswaterbadly2.Sometimesthewatertankerdoesn’tcomebecause______.A.theweatherisbadB.thereisnoelectricityC.thereisnowaterD.peopledon’twantthedirtywater3.Apersonneedsatleast________litresofwateraday.A.ahundredB.fourhundredC.fortyD.fifty4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiswrong?A.ahundredlitresofwateradayisenoughforShoba’sfamilyB.AmericansusesthelargestamountofwatereachdayC.inKesumPurbaharimilkischeaperthanbottledwaterD.Shobahasafamilyofsevenpeople5.Thepassagemainlytellsus______.A.howwomeninKesumPurbaharigetstheirwaterB.howmuchwateradayapersondeedsC.thatIndialackswaterbadlyD.howIndiagovernmentmanagestosolvetheproblemofwater【參考答案】1—5、CBDAC閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文,從給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Youknoweatingfruitandvegetablesdoesgood.Butdoyouknowitcanalsomakeyoulookgood?Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractive,researchersfound.ScientistsatStAndrewsFruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids(類(lèi)胡蘿卜素)，whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays,andcanalsopreventage－relateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.Butwhileitwasknowneatingextremeamountsofcertainvegetablessuchascarrotscouldturnskinorange，itwasnotknownasmallincreasewasperceptible(被覺(jué)察)toothers－andwasseenasappealing.Acamerameasuredchangestotheskin’sredness,yellownessandlightness,andfounditsignificantlychangedinpeoplewhonaturallyincreasedtheirintake.Thesechangeswerenotevidentinthreeweeks.Usinglightsensors,theresearchersshowedtheseredandyellowhueswerelinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsintheirskin.Therearehundredsofcarotenoidsbutthosethoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectarelycopene(番茄紅素)，whichgivestomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourandbeta－carotenefoundincarrotsaswellasbroccoli,squash,andspinach.Skincolourisalsoaffectedbychemicalscalledpolyphenols(多元酚)，foundinapples,blueberriesandcherries,whichcausebloodrushtotheskinsurface.4．Whatdoweknowfromtheresearch?A．Ifyoutakeinalittlemorefruitandvegetables,youwillobviouslylookmoreattractiveinthreeweeks.B．Theresearcherstookthepicturesofthe35peopleintheresearchatdifferentstages.C．Increasingyourintakeofgreensby2.9portionsadaycangreatlyimproveyourhealth.D．Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeofgreensby3.3portionsadaywerefoundthemostattractiveaftersixweeks.2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthefunctionofcarotenoids?A．TheycanprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays.B．Theycanpreventheartdiseaseandcancer.C．Theycanpreventage－relateddiseases.D．Theycankeepyouingoodhealth.3．WhichofthestatementsisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A．We’vealreadyknowneatingextremeamountsofcarrotscanturnskinorange.B．Weknewinthepastthateatingafewmorecarrotscouldmakeuslookappealing.C．Theresearchshowedtheimprovementinskinislinkedwiththelevelsofcarotenoidsinit.D．Amonghundredsofcarotenoids,lycopeneisthoughttohavethemostdramaticeffectontheskin.4．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________A．skin’sredness,yellownessandlightnessmakeapersonlookmorehealthyandattractiveB．carotenoidshavethesameeffectaslycopeneC．itiscarotenoidsthatgivetomatoesandredpepperstheirredcolourD．bothbeta－caroteneandpolyphenolsaffectskincolourbycausingbloodrushtotheskinsurface[解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)]本文主要論述了吃水果和蔬菜不僅讓我們的身體健康，而且還能使人看起來(lái)更秀麗。1．解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Theymonitoredthefoodintakeof35peopleandtookpicturesoftheirfaces,armsandhandsusingasensitivecameraatthestart,andafterthreeandsixweeks.故選B。2．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Fruitandvegetablesarerichincarotenoids(類(lèi)胡蘿卜素)，whichareknowntoprotectagainstcelldamagefrompollutionandUVrays,andcanalsopreventage-relateddiseasesincludingheartdiseaseandcancer.沒(méi)有提到選項(xiàng)D的內(nèi)容，故選D。3．解析：選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)全文都是說(shuō)現(xiàn)在的爭(zhēng)辯發(fā)覺(jué)的內(nèi)容，沒(méi)有提到過(guò)去的狀況，故選B。4．解析：選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)Peoplewhoincreasedtheirintakeoverjustsixweeksdevelopedahealthyglowandappearedmoreattractive,researchersfound.可以推出皮膚發(fā)紅、發(fā)黃、輕快讓人看起來(lái)更健康和有吸引力。故選A?！?021高考復(fù)習(xí)】完形填空ItwasunusuallyquietintheemergencyroomonDecember25.Ididn’tthinktherewouldbeany__1__，sighingabouthavingtoworkonChristmas.Justthenfivebodies__2__atmydesk，apalewomanandfourchildren.“Areyouall__3__？”Iasked.“Yes，”shesaidweaklyandloweredherhead.Butwhenitcameto__4__oftheirproblems，thingsgotalittleuncertain.Twoofthechildrenhadheadaches，twochildrenhadearaches，__5__onlyonecouldtellmewhichearwasaffected.The__6__complainedofacoughbutseemedtoworktoproduceit.Ididn’tsayanythingbut__7__thatitmighthealittlewhile__8__adoctorcouldseeher.Sheresponded，“__9__yourtime；it’swarminhere.”Then，Icheckedtheirchart.Noaddress—theywere__10__.Thewaitingroomwaswarm.Iwentbacktothenursesstationandmentionedwehadahomeless__11__inthewaitingroom.Thenurses，complainingof__12__onChristmas，turnedtosympathyforafamilyjusttryingtoget__13__onChristmas.Theteamwentintoaction，muchaswedowhenthere’sa__14__emergency.ButthiswasaChristmasemergency.Wewereall__15__afreemealonChristmasDay，sowetookbackthatmealandpreparedabigdinnerforour__16__.Weneededpresents.We__17__fromdifferentdepartmentscandies，fruitsandotherthings__18__thatcouldbepresents.Asseriouslyaswemetthe__19__needsofthepatients，ourteamworkedtomeettheneedsofafamilywhojustwantedtobewarmonChristmas.Later，asthefamilywalkedtothedoorto__20__，thefour-year-oldboycamerunningback，gavemeahugandwhispered，“Thanksforbeingourangelstoday.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。圣誕夜，當(dāng)我們這些護(hù)士為還要連續(xù)工作而埋怨時(shí)，一家五口來(lái)急診。當(dāng)我們了解狀況后，紛紛伸出救濟(jì)之手，讓無(wú)家可歸的一家人度過(guò)了一個(gè)溫存的圣誕節(jié)。1.A.customers B．patientsC．workers D．tourists解析customer意為“顧客”；patient意為“病人”；worker意為“工人”；tourist意為“游客”。依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，此處是醫(yī)院，“我”想著圣誕節(jié)應(yīng)當(dāng)不會(huì)再有病人了。答案B2．A.showedup B．tookinC．cameout D．lookedon解析showup意為“毀滅”；takein意為“吸取；哄騙”；comeout意為“出版；結(jié)果是”；lookon意為“旁觀(guān)”。依據(jù)上下文內(nèi)容可知，是五個(gè)人毀滅在“我”的辦公桌前。答案A3．A.eager B．hungryC．sick D．warm解析由語(yǔ)境可知，此處是在醫(yī)院，因此我詢(xún)問(wèn)他們是不是都病了。答案C4．A.descriptions B．commentsC．instructions D．results解析description意為“描述”；comment意為“評(píng)論”；instruction意為“說(shuō)明”；result意為“結(jié)果；成果”。由語(yǔ)境可知，當(dāng)他們開(kāi)頭描述他們的病情時(shí)，事情就有點(diǎn)讓人摸不著頭腦了。答案A5．A.so B．forC．thus D．but解析由語(yǔ)境可知，兩個(gè)孩子說(shuō)頭疼，兩個(gè)孩子說(shuō)耳朵疼，但只有一個(gè)能告知“我”是哪只耳朵疼。這里表示一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。答案D6．A.mother B．childrenC．nurses D．doctor解析依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知，母子共五人來(lái)看病，其中四個(gè)孩子都說(shuō)了自己的問(wèn)題，只剩下母親沒(méi)有說(shuō)了，因此是孩子的母親說(shuō)自己咳嗽了。答案A7．A.answered B．imaginedC．explained D．a(chǎn)nalysed解析answer意為“回答”；imagine意為“想象”；explain意為“解釋”；analyse意為“分析”。由語(yǔ)境可知，“我”也沒(méi)說(shuō)什么，只是解釋說(shuō)，過(guò)會(huì)兒醫(yī)生才會(huì)來(lái)給她檢查。答案C8．A.after B．sinceC．before D．when解析由語(yǔ)境可知，在醫(yī)生來(lái)之前還得有一會(huì)兒。答案C9．A.Make B．TakeC．Care D．Spend解析make意為“使得；形成”；take意為“拿；取”；care意為“在意”；spend意為“度過(guò)”。由語(yǔ)境可知，她回答說(shuō)：“不焦急，這里挺溫存的。”takeone’stime意為“不焦急”，符合語(yǔ)境。答案B10．A.lonely B．greedyC．clever D．homeless解析lonely意為“孤獨(dú)的”；greedy意為“貪欲的”；clever意為“聰慧的”；homeless意為“無(wú)家可歸的”。由語(yǔ)境可知，“我”查了下他們的登記表，但登記表上沒(méi)有寫(xiě)地址，因此他們是無(wú)家可歸的。答案D11．A.family B．holidayC．woman D．Christmas解析由語(yǔ)境可知，回到護(hù)士室，“我”敘述了候診室里這無(wú)家可歸的一家子人的事。答案A12．A.operating B．interruptingC．managing D．working解析operate意為“手術(shù)；操作”；interrupt意為“中斷”；manage意為“管理”；work意為“工作”。由語(yǔ)境可知，原本埋怨圣誕節(jié)還要上班的護(hù)士們，都轉(zhuǎn)而憐憫起在圣誕節(jié)只祈求溫存的這家人了。答案D13．A.present B．warmC．relief