專題強(qiáng)化練（八）主旨大意題——標(biāo)題歸納題A(2024·杭州一模)AtSt.FrancisHighSchoolinLaCanada,Calif,there'ssomethingtobesaidaboutmathteacherJimConnor.Truthis,Connorcanbeabitofadrudge.Butthe70-year-oldVietnamvetsayshe'snotheretoentertainhisstudents.“Itdrivesmecrazywhenpeoplesayschoolshouldbefun，”hesays.“Imean,it'sniceifitcouldbe,butyoucan'tmakeschoolfun.”Andforyears,thekidsthoughtthat'salltherewastohim—untillastNovember,whenseniorPatMcGoldricklearnedtheydidn'tknowthehalfofhim.PatwasinchargeofastudentblooddriveandhadjustcometoChildren'sHospitalLosAngelesforameeting.Andhesaysitwasweird:wheneverhetoldsomeonehewenttoSt.FrancisHighSchool,theyallsaid，“Oh,youmustknowJimConnor.Isn'thewonderful？”“Itwasdisbelief,really，”Patsays.“Itwasalmostkindoffindingthisalterego(另一面)thathehas.”Insidetheblooddonorcenter,Patfoundaplaque(牌子)listingallthetopblooddonorsatthehospital,includingtherecordholder,JimConnor.Thenhelearnedsomethingevenmoreunbelievable:thatwheneverConnorisn'ttorturingkidswithcalculus(微積分),he'sonawholeothertangent—cuddlingsickbabies.Threedaysaweekforthepast20years,Jimhasvolunteeredatthehospital,steppingintobecomeinvolvedinanactivitywhenparentscan'thold,feedandcomforttheirchildren.“Theytendtocalmforhim，”NurseErinsays.“Theytendtorelaxwithhim.Theyfallasleepwithhim.”“Ijustlikethemandrelatetothemsomehow，”Connorsays.Connorhasneverbeenmarried;hehasnokidsofhisown.Buthehasfallenhardforthesebabies.“I'vealwaysrespectedhim,butnowit'stoanevendifferentdegree—reallytothepointwhereItrytoemulate(努力趕上)him，”Patsays.“He'stheepitome(典范)ofamanofservice.”【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加州拉肯亞達(dá)的圣弗朗西斯高中數(shù)學(xué)老師吉姆·康納的故事。1．Whatdowelearnfromparagraph2?A．Schoolcanneverbefun.B．Connorishighlydemanding.C．Connor'sstudentsdrivehimcrazy.D．Connorthinkseducationisforall.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中康納所說的話可知，康納對學(xué)生要求很高。2．WhatdidPatfindoutaboutMr.Connor?A．Mr.Connordonatedbloodaswellashistime.B．Mr.Connorwasawardedforhislovetowardbabies.C．Mr.Connorusedtobeaverystrictteacher.D．Mr.Connorhadauniqueteachingphilosophy.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，康納先生不僅捐了血，還貢獻(xiàn)了自己的時間在醫(yī)院做志愿者。3．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutMr.Connor?A．Heworkstwoshiftseverydayforaliving.B．Hehashisalteregointheeyesofhisstudentsallthetime.C．Hehastheabilitytoconnectwiththosekidsheholds.D．Hefallshardforthosesickkidssohedecidednottohavehisown.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段和第七段內(nèi)容可知，康納先生有能力和那些被他抱著的孩子們交流。4．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A．BondingwithBabiesinNeedofLoveB．ARealLessonIsLifeThroughLearningCalculusC．EverybodyKeepsSomethingUnderHisHatD．ToughTeacherHasaSoftHeartD標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段后三句可知，康納對學(xué)生要求很高，是一名嚴(yán)格的老師；根據(jù)第五、第六段內(nèi)容可知，康納先生不僅捐血，還會做志愿者照顧孩子，有一顆柔軟的心。由此可知，D項最適合作文章標(biāo)題。B(2024·江門一模)NewwordsemergeinEnglishallthetime.Infact,inrecentyearsmorenewwordsandphrasesareenteringthelanguagethaneverbefore,partlyduetotheincreasedwillingnessoflexicographers(詞典編纂者)toincludetheminthedictionaries.JohnAlgeowhostudiesthehistoryoflanguagesays，“Asourculturechanges,thelanguagechanges.Americancultureisgoingthroughatimeofrapidchange.”Technologyismovingfast,whichhasabigeffectonlanguage.Thecomputerworldproduceshundredsofnewwords.Newtermsalsocomefrombusiness,medicine,andotherfields.ManynewEnglishwordscomefromotherlanguages.DavidJosthelpscreatetheAmericanHeritageDictionary.“Weconstantlyborrowwordsfromothercultures，”hesays.“Thiswillgoonforeverincultures.”“PeopleinmanypartsoftheworldspeakEnglishnow.Thatisanotherreasonwhysomanynewwordsareenteringthelanguage，”saysAlgeo.TheAmericanDialectSocietyhasacontesteachyear.Thesocietyselectsa“newwordoftheyear”，whichgainshighlevelofpopularityonmediaforsomedays.Lastyearthewinnerwas“informationsuperhighway”，referringtoawholesetofelectronicnetworkofinformationandpeoplegettingaccesstothisnetworkbycomputer.Newwordsoftencomeinseveralforms,suchastheback-formation(likeenthusefromenthusiasm),theclipping(likezoofromzoologicalgarden),andthecompounding,etc.Overtime,oneformtendstowinout.Takethecompoundingforinstance.“Domesticpartners”hasbeengrowingpopularlately,eventhoughmanytermshavebeenusedtodescribecoupleswholivetogetherbutarenotmarried.“Anewwordrarelycanbetracedtoonesource，”saysAlgeo.“Severalpeopletendtocreateanewwordwhenaneedforoneexists.”“Mostnewwordshavealimitedlife‘span’，”saylanguageexperts.Onlyafewwillsurvivethroughthenext100years.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了隨著英語中新詞的不斷出現(xiàn)，英語進(jìn)入了快速發(fā)展和變化的階段。5．WhatmighthaveleasteffectonEnglishlanguage?A．Culture. B．Technology.C．Otherlanguages. D．Languagecontests.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Asourculturechanges,thelanguagechanges.”、第三段第一句“Technologyismovingfast,whichhasabigeffectonlanguage.”和第四段第一句“ManynewEnglishwordscomefromotherlanguages.”可知，文化、科技和其他語言都對英語有很大影響。6．Whatdoesthewriterwanttodemonstratebymentioning“domesticpartners”？A．Itisacompoundingword.B．Newwordsoftencomeinseveralforms.C．Overtime,oneformtendstowinout.D．Anewwordrarelycanbetracedtoonesource.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)畫線詞前兩句可知，作者提到“家庭伴侶”是為了證明隨著時間的推移，一種構(gòu)詞形式往往會勝出。7．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Newwordsoccurallofasudden.B．Newwordswillbecomeoldorextinct.C．InformationtechnologyhelpstheAmericanDialectSociety.D．AmericanculturechangesrapidlyaswellasEnglishlanguage.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，新詞會變老或消失。8．What'sthebesttitleofthispassage?A．NewWordsDevelopingNaturallyB．EnglishLanguageChangingRapidlyC．EnglishVocabularyinaStateofDevelopmentD．NewWordsInfluencingEnglishLanguageC標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了不斷發(fā)展變化的英語詞匯。C(2024·大同模擬)Theimpactoftheman-madeclimatecrisisonAntarcticaisscientificallyundeniable:stableiceshelvesareretreating,airtemperatureincreasedby3degreesCelsius.Krill(磷蝦)numbersaredeclining,meltingiceiscontributingtosealevelrise,andsealsaregettingdisplaced.“Antarcticbiodiversitycoulddeclinesubstantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual，”JasmineRachaelLee,leadauthoroftheUniversityofQueenslandstudysays.PublishedinthejournalPLOSBiology,thestudyfindspopulationdeclinesarelikelyfor65%ofthecontinent'splantsandwildlifebytheyear2100.Themostvulnerable(脆弱的)speciesistheEmperorpenguins.InOctober2022,theU．S.FishandWildlifeServicelistedEmperorpenguinsasathreatenedspeciesundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA),asexpertspredicttheflightlessseabirdwillseea26%to47%dipinitspopulationby2050.“ThislistingreflectsthegrowingextinctioncrisisandhighlightstheimportanceoftheESAandeffortstoconservespeciesbeforepopulationdeclinesbecomeirreversible(不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的)，”saidServiceDirectorMarthaWilliamsatthetime.AsidefromEmperorpenguins,otherAntarcticspecies,liketheAdéliepenguinsanddrysoilnematodes,werealsohighlyvulnerable.WeurgentlyneedacombinationofglobalandlocalconservationactiontobestconserveAntarcticspecies.Globalactionandglobalvoicesaretohelprelieveclimatechange—becausethebiggestthreattoAntarcticaiscomingfromoutsideofit.Andthenweneedlocalactionstohelpprotectbiodiversityagainstlocalthreatsandgivethemthebestchanceofadaptingtoclimatechange.Thiswillhelptosaveouriconic(代表性的)speciesliketheEmperorpenguinsandallofAntarctica'suniqueandhighlyadaptedinhabitants.Itwillalsohelphumankind,aswerelyheavilyonthepricelessservicestheAntarcticprovidesinregulatingourclimateandcapturingsealevelinitsicesheets.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了到2100年，南極洲65%的植物和野生動物將減少，現(xiàn)有的保護(hù)工作不足以保護(hù)南極的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，我們迫切需要全球行動，來保護(hù)南極物種。9．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?A．Theimpactofclimatecrisisisusuallydenied.B．Conservationeffortsarebadlyneeded.C．AirtemperatureonAntarcticincreases3℃annually.D．Sealevelriseresultsinseabirdslosingtheirhabitats.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Antarcticbiodiversitycoulddeclinesubstantiallybytheendofthecenturyifwecontinuewithbusinessasusual”可知，保護(hù)工作是迫切需要的。10．WhyistheEmperorpenguinsmentionedinparagraph2?A．ToserveasacalltoprotectwildlifeonAntarctic.B．Toreflectthegrowingpopulationofwildspecies.C．Toprovetheeffectivenessofth